Amy Wolfson's research while affiliated with Loyola University Maryland and other places
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Publications (35)
Introduction
Adolescents are susceptible to sleep loss due to biological and environmental factors such as delayed circadian timing and schedule demands. Few studies have examined sleep-wake patterns for adolescents residing in juvenile justice facilities. The current study assessed youth’s self-reported sleep-wake schedules, sleep environment perc...
Introduction
Insufficient and disordered sleep are common among developing adolescents and can result in poor health and behavioral consequences. Previous studies have examined sleep and adolescent criminal behavior; however, little is known about adolescent sleep difficulties or disorders while residing in juvenile detention and treatment faciliti...
Objective:
Evidence of poor sleep health among children in foster care continues to mount, but information about whether and how sleep problems are addressed is unavailable. The goal of this study was to begin to fill these significant knowledge gaps.
Methods:
Four hundred eighty-five foster caregivers from across the United States completed a s...
Study Objectives
To describe the development of circadian rest-activity rhythms (CRARs) during infancy in a racially diverse cohort.
Methods
We studied 414 infants from the Nurture birth cohort (51.2% female, 65.2% Black) who wore actigraphs on their left ankles for 4 days and nights at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. We quantified CRARs using cosinor and...
Study objectives
Trauma exposure likely contributes to poor sleep, but relatively few studies have empirically tested this, instead focusing on posttraumatic stress disorder. Moreover, little is known about sex differences in sleep after trauma. The current study used a cross-sectional and retrospective design to test hypotheses that trauma exposur...
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented levels of stress to individuals in the U.S. and throughout the world. These high stress levels place individuals at risk for symptoms of anxiety, depression, and other psychiatric disorders. The current study applies a control-based model of coping to contribute to the development of evidence-based in...
Objectives
To assess changes in sleep parameters and circadian rhythm metrics measured by actigraphy in preschool-aged children.
Design
Longitudinal analysis over 1 year.
Participants
Ninety-four children living in Tijuana and Ensenada, Mexico.
Measurements
Children wore accelerometers on the right hip for one continuous week at baseline and 1-y...
Introduction
Sleep during childhood has a major impact on physiological, psychological, and cognitive development. Limited research has focused on vulnerable populations such as children in foster care. Foster care children endure placement instability, which may contribute to disrupted sleep patterns and unpredictability around bedtime (Leathers,...
Introduction
COVID-19 fundamentally altered education in the United States. A variety of in-person, hybrid, and online instruction formats took hold in Fall 2020 as schools reopened. The Nationwide Education and School in TEens During COVID (NESTED) study assessed how these changes impacted sleep. Here we examined how instruction format was associa...
Introduction
A strong association between sleep disturbances and externalizing symptoms has been found among school-aged children. In particular, there is a known association between sleep disturbances, irritability, emotional dysregulation, and hyperactivity (e.g., Coto et al., 2018). Limited research, however, has examined this association in a h...
Introduction
Electronic media (EM) use has long been associated with poor sleep in children. Children’s use of EM may also be related to emotional distress – anxiety being one of the more prevalent issues, which has been tied to sleep-related problems as well (e.g., Fors & Barch, 2019; Alfano et al., 2007). Children in foster care have often been v...
Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted how and when adolescents attended school. This analysis used data from the Nationwide Education and Sleep in TEens During COVID (NESTED) study to examine the association of instructional format (in-person, virtual, hybrid), school start times, and sleep in a large diverse sample of adolesce...
Introduction
Using data from the Nationwide Education and Sleep in TEens During COVID (NESTED) study (N=6,578), we investigated if race/ethnicity (64.6% were White and 35.4% identified as a racial/ethnic minority, mixed, or “other”) and community social vulnerability affected the association between COVID stress and sleep disturbance.
Methods
Data...
Introduction
Adolescents are vulnerable to short, insufficient sleep stemming from a combined preference for late bedtimes and early school start times, and also circadian disruptions from frequent shifts in sleep schedules (i.e., social jetlag). These sleep disruptions are associated with poor mental health. The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted educ...
Objectives
The COVID-19 virus has resulted not only in high rates of morbidity and mortality across the globe, but in widespread mental health problems and sleep disruption, likely as a result of pandemic-related stressors. The current study examines associations among COVID-related stress, sleep quality, and mental health.
Design
Cross-sectional...
Introduction
Hospitalizations often result in significant sleep disruption, despite the importance of sleep in healing (Cmiel, et al., 2004). Research-to-date has focused primarily on adult intensive care (ICU) with minimal focus on pediatric patients. The aim of this study was to assess pediatric inpatient healthcare providers’ understanding of an...
Introduction
Children exposed to adversity (e.g., homelessness, poverty) are at risk of poor sleep. Community settings that serve these children, both residential (e.g., foster care group homes, shelters) and non-residential (e.g., early care and education, schools), hold important understandings to the barriers to sleep they experience. We surveye...
Introduction
Sleep is vital for healthy development from infancy through adolescence. Despite its importance, false beliefs that conflict with scientific evidence (myths) may be common among caregivers and impair sleep health during these crucial stages.
Methods
Researchers compiled a list of potential myth statements using internet searches of po...
Introduction
Increasing attention to the importance of sleep among children raises questions about how to implement accessible, effective interventions. Part of answering those questions rests in determining interest in and demand for programming. Pajama Program (PJP), a 501(c)(3), works with nearly 4,000 community-based organizations (CBOs) nation...
Introduction
Adolescence is associated with sleep regulatory changes that prompt sleep and circadian timing to shift later (delay). Poor quality, insufficient sleep, and misaligned sleep-wake schedules increase adolescents’ risk for physical and mental health consequences. Little data exists on potential sleep health risks and sleep-wake environmen...
The maturation of sleep regulatory systems during adolescence in combination with psychosocial and societal pressures culminate in a "Perfect Storm" of short and ill-timed sleep and the associated consequences for many youngsters. This model, first described by Carskadon in 2011, guides our current thinking of adolescent sleep behavior. Since the o...
Introduction
Many high school students report late bedtimes due to sleep homeostatic and circadian bioregulatory changes and insufficient sleep due to school start time constraints. In college, most students have greater freedom to shape daily routines including sleep schedules.This study examined predictors of the shift from high school to college...
Introduction
Self-efficacy, belief one can execute behaviors necessary to produce specific performance attainments, was examined in context of adolescent sleep hygiene. Earlier study evaluated effectiveness of sleep hygiene intervention, hypothesizing sleep-smart (SS) participants would obtain more sleep, develop better sleep hygiene, and report gr...
Introduction
Actigraphy is widely used in pediatric sleep research and clinics. Yet no normative values have been established to help researchers and clinicians identify normal vs. poor quality sleep. The purpose of this study is to provide normative values for activity during sleep and percent scored sleep for children and adolescents ages 8–18 ye...
Introduction
Social, biological, and academic changes impact adolescents’ sleep quality, hygiene, and duration. Previous studies have shown that family structure, income, child-parent relationships, school achievement, and psychological well-being predict sleep patterns and self-reported health and well-being. This study examined the relationship b...
The postpartum period is a time when sleep patterns are greatly disturbed. An abrupt drop in placental hormones following birth, along with the unpredictable sleep patterns of the newborn contribute to the postpartum woman's poor sleep and alteration of her circadian rhythm. Women attempt to counteract sleep loss at night through more frequent naps...
Citations
... v. 6:54 a.m.) and lights-off (8:42 p.m. v. 9:06 p.m.) times relative to treatment centers [54]. Additionally, adolescents from juvenile detention centers reported bedtimes approximately 50 min earlier than their sleep onset times [55]. This has implications for misalignment between the delayed circadian timing present in many adolescents and demands on sleep-wake schedule (i.e., early bed and rise times) for youth in juvenile detention centers, and resulting insomnia [54]. ...
... Correlational analysis showed significant negative correlations between coping levels and depressive/anxious/stress symptoms, a well-established relationship in previous studies related to the COVID-19 pandemic [49,50]. The lockdown rules restricting students to their homes may have constrained their capacity to solve problems and develop coping strategies [44]. ...
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... Indeed, several surveys conducted during the pandemic have already associated virtual classes starting at 8:30 AM or later with more sleep, improved mental health, and greater academic engagement, and Start School Later has documented dozens of districts that plan to maintain, or that are considering maintaining, these later schedules as in-person classes resume. [165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173] One pressing research need involves comparing top-down to iterative, district-level change processes. On the surface, statewide policies appear to be more equitable, ensuring that students' ability to get healthy sleep will not vary by zip code. ...
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... These findings are consistent with other studies that associate increases in loneliness and poorer sleep quality with elevated distress and worse mental health in the early phases of the pandemic. 13,[80][81][82][83] Both increased health anxiety and COVID-19 related acute stress also emerged as predictors of membership in reactive and elevated distress groups. Health anxiety may be a specific factor contributing to increased distress considering the threat of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on health. ...
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... Juvenile detention centers were shown to have lower illuminance (124 lux v. 297 lux), fewer windows (2 v. 7), and earlier lights-on (6:07 a.m. v. 6:54 a.m.) and lights-off (8:42 p.m. v. 9:06 p.m.) times relative to treatment centers [54]. Additionally, adolescents from juvenile detention centers reported bedtimes approximately 50 min earlier than their sleep onset times [55]. ...
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... Regardless, evidence suggests that digital diaries are more valid than their paper and pencil counterparts because they decrease human error on both the researcher and participant ends [66,72]. Their advantages are also viewed favorably by adolescent participants, as the early adolescents in the authors' pilot study, which assessed the feasibility of their Sleep-Caffeine Log, recommended converting this paper and pencil measure to a digital format [73]. Although there are various digital dietary diaries (e.g., Intake24), few digital caffeine diaries exist for both research and consumer purposes [71]. ...
... Therefore, healthy sleep during adolescence is likely to be bidirectionally linked with multiple developmental and environmental systems [63]. One of the main factors that might affect sleep quality and its development in adolescents is the school experience [7]. ...
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... However, not all students who perceive higher levels of stress will exhibit poor academic functioning (Rudland et al. 2020), and more research is needed to disentangle conditions in which college-related stress is tied to academic performance. Sleep is a bioregulatory mechanism that shifts markedly across the college transition (e.g., Doane et al. 2015;Wolfson et al. 2018) and has been consistently linked with academic success in college students (Prichard 2020). Despite this, no known study has examined the multiplicative (i.e., interactive) effect of stress and sleep on academic functioning in college students. ...
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... Sleep should be understood as a national resource that is vital to our physical and mental health, to the economy, and, ultimately, to our democracy. Political scientists could contribute to policy deliberations regarding school start times (Troxel & Wolfson, 2017), daylight saving time (Rishi et al., 2020), light pollution (Hölker et al., 2010), blue light from devices that disrupt sleep (Hatori et al., 2017), and labor practices that affect sleep (Grzywacz et al., 2007). Moreover, inadequate sleep is not a problem that is confined to the United States-it is a global problem (Chattu et al., 2019), as are sleep inequalities by socioeconomic status (Bessone et al., 2021). ...
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... The sex of adolescents has been included in most of the relevant studies as sleep patterns are different according to sex [16,17]. Single-parent-family adolescents were more likely to have poor sleep patterns [15,18,19], and having sibling(s) may result in later bedtimes [13,16]. Educational level and working status of parents were negatively associated with adolescent sleep patterns [15,20]. ...
