Ammara Waqar's scientific contributions

... For older Muslim persons, the breakdown of kinship networks increases their vulnerability. Family support is central to their well-being and its absence can increase isolation and loneliness (Afaridi et al., 2014), destitution (Hossain, 2013) and involuntary institutional care with associated psychological distress including death anxiety and depression (Azaiza et al., 2010;El Kady and Ibrahim, 2013;Hafeez and Rafique, 2013). Women, persons who are economically weak or less educated, childless older persons or those whose children are absent, unmarried and widowed persons and older persons with chronic illness requiring intensive care are at greater risk (Azaiza et al., 2010;Hossain, 2013;Kreager and Schröder-Butterfill, 2007). ...

... Colostrum is the first secretion from the mammary gland, which start expressing in the third trimester [1,2] . It is yellowish-white or bluish white milk rich in proteins and IgA immunoglobulin and is crucial for the development of infants [3] . There are myths and misconceptions related to its use, which leads to a barrier in its consumption [4] . ...

... En Pakistán, un estudio entrevistó a médicos, enfermeros y paramédicos, y los resultados indican un alto nivel de aceptación del PACK entre los profesionales de la salud, principalmente de las iniciativas de capacitación y la estructura del protocolo (25) . En Nigeria, la experiencia de los profesionales de la salud con el PACK también fue positiva en términos de facilidad de uso, utilidad durante las consultas, mejor capacidad de diagnóstico y manejo de pacientes, mejor costo-beneficio (disminución de polifarmacia y solicitud de exámenes), mayor confianza y valoración de su desempeño profesional (24) . ...

... Among the meta-analysis evaluated studies, seven studies have examined serum calcium levels in healthy individuals and patients with COVID-19. 10,13,[17][18][19][20][21] Also, the relationship between mortality and hypocalcemia in eight articles evaluated, 9,12,13,[22][23][24][25][26] in addition, the relationship between severity of the disease and hypocalcaemia in seven articles evaluated, 13,22,[27][28][29][30][31] and the relationship between hypocalcaemia and the length of hospital stay and admission in the ICU is reported in four and five articles, respectively. 9,12,13,19,22,32 Also, four articles reported hypocalcaemia association with D-dimer level and six articles reported that hypocalcaemia is related to lymphocyte count. ...

... The most frequent medical issue during pregnancy is nausea and vomiting, which is referred to as "morning sickness." Before the 20th week of pregnancy,Approximately 75% of pregnant women experience vomiting 9 and nausea. ...

... In general, physical activities can be divided into exercise activities and non-exercise activities [15]. Exercise activities refer to those structured physical activities that require relatively high energy consumption over a period of time, such as swimming, running, playing, and fitness [16]. Non-exercise activities refer to those habitual daily activities, such as going home and climbing stairs, doing housework, taking out the trash, going out to pick up express delivery, etc. [17]. ...

... 14 Syphilis is a common STD (sexually transmitted disease) worldwide, and its prevalence has increased in Pakistan in recent years. [15][16][17] In a population the burden of this disease can be estimated by the screening of healthy blood donors that in addition also ensures the safety of blood. 18,19 In blood donors, it was revealed that most reported cases have occurred during the primary and secondary stages of Syphilis. ...

... In Pakistan, e-health services evolved from telemedicine in 1998 in Northern areas. It composed of different communication modalities comprising of video conferencing, web-based communication systems, and telephone services that were used during the treatment and management of injured patients and their rehabilitation due to earthquake in 2005 [22]. Electronic Health Record (EHR) is also being implemented in Pakistan where the Indus Hospital was the first hospital to implement EHR [23]. ...