Amit Chawla’s research while affiliated with Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad and other places

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Publications (4)


Representation of the study site
Morphometric parameters of the study site
Borehole location map of the study site
a TIN surface generated by the contours and b DEM generated by the TIN surface of the study site
Slope information of the study site

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A geotechnical approach to compare different slope stabilization techniques for failed slope in the Darjeeling hills, India
  • Article
  • Full-text available

July 2023

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789 Reads

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1 Citation

Environmental Earth Sciences

Amit Chawla

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Kripamoy Sarkar

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Landslides are one of the extensive and destructive natural hazards in the mountainous areas and can cause loss of life and infrastructure. Slope stabilization methods can be adopted to minimize the losses due to landslides. The aim of this study is to investigate the failed slope due to landslides and suggest the site-specific ground improvement solutions capable to increase the factor of safety and reduce the displacement. In this study, a slope on a National Highway connecting the ridge to the foot hills in the Darjeeling Himalayas India is selected as the study site due to occurrence of landslides. The study site is investigated and the slope stability analyses are carried out by two-dimensional finite-element analyses. Comparisons of four different slope stabilization methods are introduced with the understanding of behavior of support system. Different slope stabilization methods along with or without ground improvement techniques like benching, retaining wall, soil nails, micropiles, shotcrete, and geogrid are attempted. Factors of safety along with displacements are computed for all the different combinations with and without rainfall effect. Parametric study is also carried out to investigate the optimum configuration for the suggested slope stabilization technique. After comparing and assessing different ground improvement techniques, the results suggest that the combination of soil nails with shotcrete and geogrid on stepped cut slope face along with retaining walls supported by micropiles and soil nails at the bottom has performed well and satisfies the stability conditions for the selected slope. The suggested combination provides an optimal solution and remediation option for stabilizing the slope.

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Landslide Susceptibility Zonation Mapping: A Case Study from Darjeeling District, Eastern Himalayas, India

March 2019

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338 Reads

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51 Citations

Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing

Landslides have been one of the most damaging natural hazards in the hilly region, which cause loss of life and infrastructure, and hence, landslide susceptibility zonation (LSZ) maps are inevitable for the pre-identification of vulnerable slopes and for the future planning and mitigation programmes. In this study, an integrated remote sensing and geographic information system approach is adopted for the generation of LSZ Map for the Darjeeling and Kalimpong district, West Bengal, India. Topographic maps, satellite data, other informative maps and statistics were utilized. For this study, the causative factors which cause instability of slope such as drainage, lineament, slope, rainfall, earthquake, lithology, land use, geomorphology, soil, aspect and relief were considered. For the generation of LSZ map, thematic data layers were evaluated and generated by assigning appropriate numerical values for each factor weight and their corresponding class rating in the GIS environment. Resulting LSZ map outlines the total study area into five different susceptibility classes: very high, high, moderate, low and very low. This study also demonstrates the classification and prediction of landslide-susceptible zones in coalition with GIS output by using particle swarm optimization–support vector machine approach without feature selection and ant colony optimization approach with feature selection along with support vector machine classifier. GIS-based LSZ map was validated by comparing the landslide frequencies in between the susceptible classes. The usefulness of the LSZ map was also validated by the statistical Chi-square test.


Landslide Susceptibility Mapping in Darjeeling Himalayas, India

September 2018

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7,037 Reads

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67 Citations

Landslide susceptibility map aids decision makers and planners for the prevention and mitigation of landslide hazard. This study presents a methodology for the generation of landslide susceptibility mapping using remote sensing data and Geographic Information System technique for the part of the Darjeeling district, Eastern Himalaya, in India. Topographic, earthquake, and remote sensing data and published geology, soil, and rainfall maps were collected and processed using Geographic Information System. Landslide influencing factors in the study area are drainage, lineament, slope, rainfall, earthquake, lithology, land use/land cover, fault, valley, soil, relief, and aspect. These factors were evaluated for the generation of thematic data layers. Numerical weight and rating for each factor was assigned using the overlay analysis method for the generation of landslide susceptibility map in the Geographic Information System environment. The resulting landslide susceptibility zonation map demarcated the study area into four different susceptibility classes: very high, high, moderate, and low. Particle Swarm Optimization-Support Vector Machine technique was used for the prediction and classification of landslide susceptibility classes, and Genetic Programming method was used to generate models and to predict landslide susceptibility classes in conjunction with Geographic Information System output, respectively. Genetic Programming and Particle Swarm Optimization-Support Vector Machine have performed well with respect to overall prediction accuracy and validated the landslide susceptibility model generated in the Geographic Information System environment. The efficiency of the landslide susceptibility zonation map was also confirmed by correlating the landslide frequency between different susceptible classes.


A Feasible Approach for Landslide Susceptibility Map Using GIS

June 2017

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111 Reads

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7 Citations

The slope changes from a stable to an unstable condition are the key factor for the occurrence of landslides. A change in the stability of a slope can be caused by a number of factors, acting together or alone. Natural causes of landslides include: pore water pressure, loss or absence of vertical vegetative structure, earthquakes adding loads and volcanic eruptions etc. Landslide susceptibility mapping is one of the crucial stages of landslide hazard and risk assessment. Accordingly, a methodology for landslide prone region using an integrated approach is presented. Our study area falls within the Eastern part of Indian Himalayas, in the northern most district of the state of West Bengal i.e. the Darjeeling District. Topographic sheets, field data and other informative maps were used as inputs to the study. Terrain factors which are important in contributing to the landslides occurrence in the region were identified and represent topographical, hydrological and geological conditions of the terrain. Terrain information such as lineament, geology, slope, relief, aspect etc.; have been derived from the satellite imageries and the existing thematic information have been updated to enable the quantification of parameters causing landslides. Map overlaying technique of spatial information has been used for qualitative landslide hazard susceptibility analysis. Very high and high potential zones have been identified. The results show a close agreement with the existing field instability condition.

Citations (4)


... The soil properties for this study were collected through a comprehensive literature review, focusing on previous research conducted within or near the study area [36,37]. The soil water characteristic curve (SWCC) used in the referenced paper is characterized by the Gardner equation [38] (Formula (1)). ...

Reference:

Application of Capillary Barrier Systems for Slope Stabilization Under Extreme Rainfall: A Case Study of National Highway 10, India
A geotechnical approach to compare different slope stabilization techniques for failed slope in the Darjeeling hills, India

Environmental Earth Sciences

... The region experiences its unique climate due to its geographical location and hence monsoon brings wet summer, whereas winters are relatively dry. The region comprises geological structures majorly from the Proterozoic era (Chawla et al. 2019;. The topography of the region is highly intricate which features myriad micro and macro relief forms. ...

Landslide Susceptibility Zonation Mapping: A Case Study from Darjeeling District, Eastern Himalayas, India
  • Citing Article
  • March 2019

Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing

... But the area suffers from a number of landslides every year that seriously affect locals as well as tourists, upsetting social and economic life in the area (Saha et al. 2023a). The landslides are largely due to the region's favorable terrain conditions, exacerbated by heavy rainfall, human activities, and occasional earthquakes (Sarkar et al. 2013;Pal et al. 2016;Chawla et al. 2018). This susceptibility to slope failure seriously threatens the region's stability, particularly affecting railway services (Samanta and Majumdar 2020). ...

Landslide Susceptibility Mapping in Darjeeling Himalayas, India

... Landslides can occur on unstable slopes due to factors like deforestation, changing hydrological conditions, stream erosion, volcanic eruption, and anthropogenic activity (Dahal et al., 2006;Dai et al., 2002;Glade, 2002;Gorsevski et al., 2006;Keefer, 1984;Pandit et al., 2021;Raghuvanshi et al., 2014;Schuster & Highland, 2007;Tropeano & Turconi, 2002;van Beek & van Asch, 2004). High precipitation and seismicity, in particular, are the two main triggering factors associated with landslides (Chawla et al., 2017;Lin et al., 2017;Niu et al., 2014;Xu et al., 2014). ...

A Feasible Approach for Landslide Susceptibility Map Using GIS
  • Citing Conference Paper
  • June 2017