Alula Pankhurst’s scientific contributions

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Publications (4)


Figure 1: Upper primary school enrolment (gross enrolment rate) at the upper primary level (G5-8) across location and gender (%) (Ministry of Education, 2020). [Note GER above 100% could be due to enrolment of
Results chain for Results Areas 2: Improved Equitable Access
Methods in the qualitative study with female students and parents/caregivers across
Code and themes
Female students' performance in Grade 4 maths over time (beginning to end of 2018/19)

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Understanding the Influences on Girls' Primary Education in Ethiopia from the Perspectives of Girls and Their Caregivers Understanding the Influences on Girls' Primary Education in Ethiopia from the Perspectives of Girls and Their Caregivers Yisak Tafere Policy Studies Institute
  • Article
  • Full-text available

May 2022

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215 Reads

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1 Citation

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Alula Pankhurst

Over the past two and a half decades, significant progress has been made in relation to girls' education in Ethiopia. However, challenges remain, particularly in terms of girls' progression, completion, and learning, with girls in more rural and remote areas facing the greatest difficulties. Drawing on data from the RISE Ethiopia qualitative study, we explore the factors at the individual, family, school, and community levels that impact girls' education and learning from the perspectives of girls themselves. Specifically, we include the views of 15 female students enrolled in Grades 4 and 5 of primary school and of their parents/caregivers from five different regional states in Ethiopia, and across both rural and urban locations. We situate our analysis within the context of the government's large-scale quality education reform programme (GEQIP-E) that has a specific focus on girls' education. Our findings highlight the importance of taking account of the heterogeneity of girls' experiences, including the varied challenges that diverse groups of girls face, and the different challenges they may encounter at distinct stages of their educational journeys. Our findings also highlight the importance of including the perspectives of girls and their families, within the context in which they are located. Acknowledgements:

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‘Motherhood in Childhood’: Generational Change in Ethiopia

September 2019

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462 Reads

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15 Citations

Feminist Encounters A Journal of Critical Studies in Culture and Politics

This article explores the changing place of ‘motherhood’ in the lives of girls and young women in Ethiopia, from a generational, life course perspective. It focuses on ‘motherhood in childhood’ in the context of rapid social change, drawing on multi-generational narratives from young women, their mothers and grandmothers, as part of Young Lives, a fifteen-year study that has traced the life trajectories of a group of girls growing up in poverty. Marriage and motherhood in childhood in past generations was the norm but has increasingly come to be seen as incompatible with the expectations for modern female childhood. A growing discourse of female empowerment suggests significant expansion of ‘choice’ for girls, but closer inspection of girls’ lived experiences of marriage and motherhood suggests a more complex, uneven, picture. Girls face multiple, sometimes contradictory messages regarding the kinds of respectable life paths they should pursue. Their sense of expanded horizons in childhood is easily diminished when they become young mothers, highlighting the persistent influence of poverty and the feminisation of reproductive roles and the ambiguous nature of their agency across time.

Citations (4)


... "Sometimes I was asked to stay at home to take care of my young siblings when my mother travelled or became sick. All these family responsibilities affect my study" This finding concurs with study by Tafere et al, (2022) in Ethiopia that observed that school girls are highly challenged with burden of domestic roles but also are heavily punished at school because of reporting at school late thus they normally abscond from the school. Generally, gender based allocation of domestic roles favour boys' education but undermines girls' education and career development. ...

Reference:

Gender Disparity in Extracurricular Participation: Assessing Impact of Cultural Norms/Practices on Girls’ Participation in Extracurricular Activities of Secondary Schools in Korogwe District, Tanzania
Understanding the Influences on Girls' Primary Education in Ethiopia from the Perspectives of Girls and Their Caregivers Understanding the Influences on Girls' Primary Education in Ethiopia from the Perspectives of Girls and Their Caregivers Yisak Tafere Policy Studies Institute

... At the international and national level, empowerment is now largely linked with a liberal feminist agenda, focused on promoting women's individual self-actualisation and autonomy, with little attention given to the structural inequalities that constrain the lives of girls and women (Cornwall 2018;Fraser 2012). For instance, in Ethiopia, while gender equality has remained high on the agenda of the government for several decades, the focus has remained on increasing the participation of girls and women in education and employment, without addressing the structural inequalities that underpin and perpetuate gender equality at multiple levels of society (Yorke, Rose, and Pankhurst 2021). ...

The influence of politics on girls’ education in Ethiopia

... Young men do not always remain in the partnership when informally coupled, but it is harder for women to repartner than men, especially with children. Tafere, Y., Chuta, N., Pankhurst, A., and Crivello, G. (2020). Young marriage, parenthood and divorce in Ethiopia. ...

Research Report Young Marriage, Parenthood and Divorce in Ethiopia Young Marriage, Parenthood and Divorce in Ethiopia

... Other factors that were found to signi cantly increase fertility desire to have a child were age at rst sex and forced pregnancy. There is an expectation or preference to delay the age of entry into sexual intercourse and childbearing until certain milestones, such as the completion of education, marriage, or employment, are reached in most Ethiopian cultures and social contexts [74]. Women who adhere to these norms by delaying age at entry into sexual intercourse may also be more likely to express a desire to have children when they feel it aligns with societal expectations or personal aspirations. ...

‘Motherhood in Childhood’: Generational Change in Ethiopia

Feminist Encounters A Journal of Critical Studies in Culture and Politics