Alexandre Lopes Evangelista’s research while affiliated with Centro Universitário Ítalo-brasileiro - Uniítalo and other places

Objective: This review synthesized evidence on the use of body weight exercises through high-intensity interval training (HIIT-BW). Methods: The research was performed in the Science Direct, Embase, MEDLINE, PEDro, SciELO, CINAHL, and LILACS databases from 2013 to 2023. Descriptors such as: high-intensity whole-body, high-intensity functional training, whole-body, whole-body training, whole-body calisthenics, high-intensity calisthenic training, and HIIT bodywork were used. In addition, original articles in English and Portuguese that addressed body weight HIIT were included. The final analysis consisted of 12 articles. Results: HIIT-BW protocols presented varied methodological characteristics: number of series ranged from 4 to 20; stimulus time ranged from 5 to 30 seconds with all-out intensity; and the passive interval ranged from 10 to 35 seconds between the series in 11 studies. The acute responses resulted in psychophysiological changes, increased lactate, Rated Perceived Exertion (RPE), heart rate (HR), fatigue, sweating rate, body size perception, training load, maximum oxygen volume (VO2max), caloric expenditure, perception of recovery, feeling of anger, mood disorder, intention of physical activity and reduction in the perception of pleasure, variability in HR, number of movements in complex exercises, and vigor. When compared with moderate continuous exercise and other high-intensity interval training protocols, HIIT-BW presented similar responses, however the use of preferred songs in the session provided an increase in the number of movements and perception of pleasure when compared with sessions that used non-preferred music and without music. Conclusion: In conclusion, based on data from studies found in the literature, HIIT-BW sessions promote increased feelings of fatigue, anger, mood disorder, RPE, HR, lactate, sweating rate, body size perception, caloric expenditure, and VO2. The results found helped to project indicators of long-term physical fitness and to plan sessions aimed at improving the lifestyle of its practitioners.

Background Acknowledging the relationship between postural control and muscle strength in lower limbs is important to find persons with high fall risk and to design fall prevention exercise programs. Objective To investigate the connection between knee muscle strength, semi-static postural balance, and functional mobility in irregularly active older women. Methods One hundred and ten older women aged 60 to 85 years underwent a semi-static postural balance test in a force and functional mobility measured by Timed Up & Go (TUG) with and without Cognitive Tasks (CT). Muscle strength of the knee was assessed by isokinetic dynamometry at 60°/s. Results A negative correlation between the functional mobility (TUG with and without CT) and the muscular strength of the knee was observed. Regarding semi-static balance, there was a low negative correlation with peak torque corrected for body weight of the extensors with the following variables with eyes open: Mean Velocity Dominant limb (D) (r = -0.19; p = 0.03); and anteroposterior range Non-Dominant limb (ND) (r = -0.19; p = 0.04); with eyes closed: mediolateral range ND limb (r = -0.21; p = 0.02) and Mean Velocity ND limb (r = -0.18; p = 0.05). Conclusions This study found that better functional mobility was associated with greater muscle strength in the knee in elderly women. There were weak negative correlations between knee extensor strength and some measures of semi-static postural balance, suggesting that different motor control actions are required to maintain semi-static balance and mobility. In the case of semi-static balance, a lower level of muscle response is required than in functional mobility.

Introduction This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a supervised physical training program with controlled cadence on functional fitness parameters, quality of life perception, and physical activity level in older adults. Methods Sixty physically independent older adults were randomly divided into three groups: Supervised Training (ST, n = 20), Unsupervised Training (UT, n = 20), and a Control Group (C, n = 20). The ST and UT groups participated in a 12-week program, performing exercises three times a week for 30 min. The ST group had structured weekly sessions consisting of a 5-minute warm-up (walking at 60% of max heart rate), 20 sets of 30 s at a moderate pace controlled by a metronome with 30 s of passive recovery, and a 5-minute cool-down on non-consecutive days. The UT group trained spontaneously using senior gym equipment, including elliptical machines, rowing machines, air skiers, and leg press machines. The control group maintained their usual daily routines throughout the study. Parameters evaluated included body mass, body mass index (BMI), muscle thickness (biceps brachii, triceps brachii, and vastus lateralis), and functional capacity tests (walking 10 m [W10 m], rising from a sitting position [RSP], rising from the prone position [RVDP], sitting and rising from a chair and moving around the house [SRCW]). Quality of life was assessed across physical, psychological, environmental, and social domains, and physical activity levels were also measured. Results No significant changes ( p > 0.05) in body mass, BMI, or muscle thickness were observed between groups before and after the intervention. However, significant time effects in functional fitness tests were found only in the ST group for W10 m ( p = 0.0469), RVDP ( p < 0.0004), RSP ( p < 0.0001), and SRCW ( p < 0.0001). Quality of life improved significantly over time in the ST and UT groups across all domains ( p < 0.0001). Both ST and UT groups also showed significant increases in weekly physical activity time ( p > 0.0001). Conclusion 12 weeks of training improved quality of life perception and physical activity levels in older adults.

O presente estudo sintetizou as adaptações morfofuncionais associadas ao treinamento com exercício intervalado de alta intensidade utilizando o peso corporal (HIIT-PC) em longo prazo. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados Science Direct, Embase, Medline/PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS e Scielo até novembro de 2023. Foram utilizados descritores como high-intensity whole-body, high-intensity functional training, whole-body, whole-body training, whole-body calisthenics, high-intensity calisthenic training e HIIT body work. Foram incluídos artigos originais, que abordaram como intervenção o HIIT utilizando o peso corporal. Como método de exclusão, foram considerados os protocolos de intervenção aguda, não conter a palavra-chave no título e resumo, uso de equipamentos, estudos em animais, artigo de revisão, relatos de casos, carta de opinião e cartas ao editor. A análise final foi composta por dezessete estudos com intervenções longitudinais. Os protocolos de HIIT-PC apresentaram características metodológicas variadas em relação à quantidade de séries variando de quatro a trinta e seis com intensidade “all-out” e intervalos ativos e/ou passivos entre as séries. As principais adaptações causadas pelo HIIT-PC foram melhoras no desempenho muscular, na composição corporal, nos parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios, neuromusculares e psicofisiológicos. De modo comparativo, o HIIT-PC apresenta resultados semelhantes e/ou superiores a outras metodologias de treinamento como o HIIT utilizando ergômetros, sprint interval training (SIT) e treinamento contínuo de intensidade moderada (TCIM) ou vigorosa. O treinamento com HIIT-PC gerou adaptações semelhantes a protocolos de HIIT convencionais, treinamento de sprints intervalados, contínuo moderado e vigoroso na aptidão cardiorrespiratória, desempenho físico, parâmetros de composição corporal, parâmetros metabólicos, hormonais, sensação de bem-estar, prazer e intenção à prática do treinamento, com redução nos sintomas de estresse e depressão, tornando este método de treinamento uma estratégia interessante para o planejamento de programas de atividade física por profissionais da área. Palavras-chave: treino intervalado de alta intensidade, peso corporal, exercício intermitente, treino, atividade física.

Whole-body electromyostimulation training (WB-EMS) has gained increasing popularity as a training method in recent years. This brief review aims to summarize the potential benefits and risks of WB-EMS in many different populations and purposes. The findings of this review suggest that WB-EMS is particularly effective for improving muscle mass and strength outcomes in untrained people. However, more high-quality studies are needed to determine its long-term effects and to optimize its use in different populations and training contexts. For general health-related parameters, WB-EMS may be a feasible and time-efficient exercise strategy combined with proper energy or protein intake throughout longer periods.

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is considered an effective method to improve fitness and health indicators, but its high-intensity exercises and the mechanical and metabolic stress generated during the session can lead to the occurrence of exercise-induced muscle damage. Therefore, this study aimed to describe, by means of a systematic review, the effects of a single HIIT session on exercise-induced muscle damage. A total of 43 studies were found in the Medline/PubMed Science Direct/Embase/Scielo/CINAHL/LILACS databases; however, after applying the exclusion criteria, only 15 articles were considered eligible for this review. The total sample was 315 participants. Among them, 77.2% were men, 13.3% were women and 9.5 uninformed. Their age ranged from 20.1 ± 2 to 47.8 ± 7.5 years. HIIT protocols included running with ergometers (n = 6), CrossFit-specific exercises (n = 2), running without ergometers (n = 3), swimming (n = 1), the Wingate test on stationary bicycles (n = 2), and cycling (n = 1). The most applied intensity controls were %vVO2max, “all out”, MV, MAV, Vmax, and HRreserve%. The most used markers to evaluate muscle damage were creatine kinase, myoglobin, and lactate dehydrogenase. The time for muscle damage assessment ranged from immediately post exercise to seven days. HIIT protocols were able to promote changes in markers of exercise-induced muscle damage, evidenced by increases in CK, Mb, LDH, AST, ALT, pain, and muscle circumference observed mainly immediately and 24 h after the HIIT session.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effects of two recovery types on the training parameters in high intensity interval training (HIIT) sessions using body weight training, the recovery included active and passive. Participating in this study, twenty male voluntaries performed two acute single sessions with a break between sessions of 7 days, each training session, was composed by (20-min duration sessions of a HIIT whole body training, consisting of 20 sets of 30 seconds at stimulus all-out of intensities of high-intensity interval training using different types of recovery, the time of duration by recovery was 30 seconds. Each cycle of exercise consisted of 30 seconds of "maximum intensity" stimulation followed by 30 seconds of recovery (active or passive). The following parameters were evaluated: heart rate, perceived exertion, perceived recovery, lactate concentration, feeling scale and number of movements in total. In the present study no differences were found in relative heart rates, perceived exertion, and lactate concentrations between protocols. No differences (p>0.05) were found on number total movements (Active: 695±52, Passive: 723±56) between protocols. Additionally, significant reductions (p<0.0001) on feeling scale were found after the exercise session using Active (Before: 4.35±0.58, After:0.85±1.22) and Passive (Before:4.30±0.80, After:1.00±1.45) recovery type, no differences were found between protocols. There were no differences (p<0.05) found for the respective area under the curve for rate of perceived recovery between protocols (Active:59.70±18.69, Passive: 64.58±14.89).