Alexander B. Miroshnikov’s scientific contributions

The article examines the effect of omega-3 supplements on muscle growth. The effect of omega-3 supplementation on muscle mass growth is a hot topic of interest to athletes, fitness enthusiasts and researchers. Although individual studies and reviews are available, there is a lack of synthesis and analysis of the results of multiple randomized controlled trials on this topic. This creates uncertainty regarding the efficacy of omega-3 for increasing muscle mass. Purpose. To conduct an umbrella review of systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials to assess the effects of omega-3 supplementation on muscle mass growth and to identify general conclusions and recommendations. Methods. A search for systematic reviews in major databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library and Epistemonikos was conducted using relevant keywords. Suitable reviews highlighting the effects of omega-3 on muscle growth were selected. Conclusion. Systematic reviews of critically low quality provide conflicting evidence. There is currently no evidence to recommend omega-3 as a supplement to stimulate muscle growth in athletes and physically active individuals.

Effective nutritional-metabolic support strategies are of interest to athletes, coaches, and physicians prescribing various supplements. Dietary deficiencies in macronutrients, vitamins, and minerals of the right type can interfere with training adaptation, while in athletes who eat a balanced diet, physiological training adaptation can be enhanced. Therefore, in the event of a lack of specific nutrients, athletes are forced to use various supplements, but will individual combinations of them be safe for the body as a whole and effective for improving athletic performance? The paper analyzes and summarizes studies on the compatibility of some supplements and the safety and efficacy of such combinations in sports, in particular: the compatibility of vitamins E and C, vitamin D and calcium, creatine and caffeine, branched chain amino acids (isoleucine, leucine and valine).

It is generally accepted that the growth of skeletal muscles and the retention of muscle mass throughout life depends mainly on the amount of protein of animal origin consumed with food. The difference between the effect of animal and plant proteins on muscle mass has recently been studied by many authors, however, when considering this topic, researchers often make gross, in our opinion, mistakes that make it difficult to further study this topic. Is the clear differentiation that has always been made between "animal proteins" and "plant proteins" necessary? Can we say that the differences between protein sources are minimal, and perhaps even non-existent? In this review, we will consider studies on this topic and the effect of protein supplements of various origins and quality and their dosages on muscle mass and strength.

Aim.To conduct a comparative analysis of the geometry of the left ventricle (LV) at sportsmen heavyweight power sports with hypertension. Material and methods.We examined 238 representatives of power sports (weightlifting, powerlifting, bodybuilding) with an average body weight of 102.76.4 kg and arterial blood pressure at rest: systolic blood pressure 157.45,6, diastolic blood pressure 91.25.3. Along with the examination, all examined athletes underwent: bioimpedansometry, standard resting electrocardiogram, two-fold measurement of blood pressure, transthoracic echocardiography. Results.A survey of 238 weightlifting athletes of heavy weight categories with arterial hypertension showed an increased fat component in powerlifters (SAT 31.83.3%; BMI 34.41.3 kg/m2; Fat Mass Index 10.91,1 kg/m2; Fat-to-Muscle Ratio 0.50.1) and a sufficiently large muscle component: bodybuilding Fat Free Mass Index (FFMI) 26.92.1 kg/m2; powerlifting FFMI 23.51.6 kg/m2and weightlifting FFMI 23.71.8 kg/m2. The examination also showed a violation of the geometry of the LV. For athlete powerlifters, the following LV parameters were noted: LVMM 270.228.7 g; LVMI 123.77.9 g/m2; RWTLV 0.460.03 sm. For representatives of weightlifting; LVMM 267.832.3 g; LVMI 121.48.6 g/m2; RWTLV 0.450.02 sm. For bodybuilder athletes: LVMM 271.418.9 g; LVMI 120.16.3 g/m2; RWTLV 0.300.01 sm. Conclusion.Thus, the patterns obtained in relation to the geometry of the heart of athletes of power sports, heavy weight categories with arterial hypertension, can serve as a scientific basis for the formation of some aspects of the preventive program of physical rehabilitation with a priority focus on risk groups in such men.

Objective: the purpose of the study was to evaluate how high-intensity interval training affects strength, oxidative capacity and hypertrophy of working muscles in power sports athletes. Materials and methods: the study included 35 male power sports athletes (powerlifting), the average age was 30 ± 5,4 years. Metabolic exhaled gas analysis (determination of the anaerobic threshold and heart rate, maximum oxygen consumption and pedaling power at the maximum oxygen consumption, oxygen consumption at the anaerobic threshold and maximum oxygen consumption), ultrasonographic measurements of the anatomical cross-sectional area of the quadriceps femoris, the assessment of the maximum strength of the quadriceps femoris and methods of mathematical statistics were utilized. Athletes were subject to bicycle ergometry testing 3 times a week during 120 days according to the following protocol: 7 intervals with pedaling power of 100% of the maximum oxygen consumption for 2 min, and intervals with a heart rate of 85% of the anaerobic threshold for 2 min. Results: after 120 days of training, power athletes significantly increased the anaerobic threshold, power and oxygen consumption by 22,7 and 14,5%, respectively, as well as power and oxygen consumption at the level of maximum oxygen consumption by 18,5 and 13,6%, respectively. Regular high-intensity training on a bicycle ergometer causes muscle-specific hypertrophy, which leads to regional changes in the quadriceps femoris muscle and an increase in its strength by 6,5%. Conclusions: the aerobic workout training protocol that we developed allows athletes to effectively and safely increase the oxidizing capacities of active muscles, while not losing their main strength indicators.