Aldo Milone’s research while affiliated with University of Naples Federico II and other places

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Publications (26)


Evaluation of the influence of mean stress on the fatigue behavior of notched and smooth medium carbon steel components through an energetic local approach
  • Article

September 2023

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42 Reads

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14 Citations

Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures

Aldo Milone

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Stefano Filippi

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[...]

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Filippo Berto

In the present paper, the influence of the mean stress on the fatigue behavior of smooth and notched medium carbon steel components (C45 grade) is investigated through conventional and more advanced design methodologies. Original experimental data are provided for two notched specimen geometries and three different high load ratios (R = {0.7, 0.8, 0.9}). To assess the effect of the mean stress in a larger range, the bulk of fatigue data has been widened through more than 150 tests on C45 steel drawn from literature. The considered experimental data ranged between a load ratio of −2 and 0.9. The mean stress effect has been assessed in a first attempt through well‐established literature models resulting in a data correlation characterized by a large scatter. Finally, an attempt to uniquely consider both geometrical and load ratio effects has been performed through a numerical application of the strain energy density (SED) method. Elevated load ratios (R ≥ 0.7) prove to be highly detrimental for C45 steel with a fatigue life reduction of up to 3 orders of magnitude; however, this effect can be considered with a sufficient degree of accuracy through the SED method.


Figure 1. Qualitative (black dashed curve) and assumed (red solid polyline) trends for corrosion development for the proposed methodological approach.
Figure 2. Estimation of "real" load spectrum from aperiodic stress histories.
Figure 3. Assumed shape of S-M-η domains for corrosion fatigue analyses.
Train loads for the selected case study according to RFI indications.
Assumed values of parameters for parametrical analyses.
Simplified assessment of the cyclic performance of steel constructions in aggressive environments
  • Chapter
  • Full-text available

June 2023

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21 Reads

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Seismic Assessment and Strengthening of an Existing Non‐Conforming Multi‐Storey Steel Building

September 2022

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137 Reads

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3 Citations

ce/papers

Existing steel structures show a wide variability in terms of structural conception and typology of adopted resisting systems. Moreover, these structures do not often comply with existing codes, showing severe structural inadequacies in many cases. An example of this type of buildings is the existing non‐conforming six‐storey steel building described in this article. The selected building features both Moment Resisting Frames (MRFs) along its longitudinal direction and Concentrically Braced Frames (CBFs) in the transverse direction. The seismic performance of the investigated structure was assessed in accordance with Italian NTC2018 and EN1998‐3, showing unsatisfactory performance and rather poor capacity. Therefore, seismic upgrading solution was designed and its efficiency was assessed and compared to the performance of the original configuration.


Seismic Retrofitting of Existing Industrial Steel Buildings: A Case-Study

May 2022

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505 Reads

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30 Citations

Industrial single-storey buildings are the most diffuse typology of steel construction located in Italy. Most of these existing buildings were erected prior to the enforcement of adequate seismic provisions; hence, crucial attention is paid nowadays to the design of low-impact retrofit interventions which can restore a proper structural performance without interrupting productive activities. Within this framework, an existing industrial single-storey steel building located in Nusco (Italy) is selected in this paper as a case-study. The structure, which features moment resisting (MR) truss frames in both directions, is highly deformable and presents undersized MR bolted connections. Structural performance of the case-study was assessed by means of both global and local refined numerical analyses. As expected, the inadequate performance of connections, which fail due to brittle mechanisms, detrimentally affects the global response of the structure both in terms of lateral stiffness and resistance. This effect was accounted for in global analyses by means of properly calibrated non-linear links. Thus, both local and global retrofit interventions were designed and numerically investigated. Namely, lower chord connections were strengthened by means of rib stiffeners and additional rows of M20 10.9 bolts, whereas concentrically braced frames (CBFs) were placed on both directions’ facades. Designed interventions proved to be effective for the full structural retrofitting against both seismic and wind actions without limiting building accessibility.


Figure 1. Articulation of the proposed methodology for the fatigue assessment of steel structures in aggressive environments.
Figure 10. Damage evolution for each test derived by considering/neglecting corrosion and/or mean stress effects: (a) specimen S2 (η*Rd = 4.1%), (b) specimen S3 (η*Rd = 7.7%), and (c) specimen S4 (η*Rd = 13.1%)
Figure 11. Results of parametrical analyses based on specimen S4 in terms of estimated η* Rd : (a) influence of stress ratio of the HCF block R 1 , (b) influence of stress ratio of the LCF block R 2 , (c) influence of AH32 tensile strength f u , and (d) influence of corrosivity category CX.
Test conditions for corrosion HCF+LCF tests on AH32 steel performed by Sun et al. [24] (Specimens S1-S4).
A Simplified Approach for the Corrosion Fatigue Assessment of Steel Structures in Aggressive Environments

March 2022

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258 Reads

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21 Citations

Fatigue performance is often a key aspect when dealing with existing steel structures such as steel bridges or offshore constructions. This issue proves to be more critical as these structures are usually located in aggressive environments and are thus exposed to progressive degradation. Indeed, disruptive phenomena such as corrosion can severely worsen the fatigue performance of the steel components. Currently, the normative standards do not provide a codified procedure for the fatigue checks of steel structures subjected to ongoing corrosion. Within this framework, in this paper a simplified approach for the life-cycle assessment of corroded steel structures is proposed. For this purpose, the concept of “critical corrosion degree” is introduced, allowing the expression of corrosion fatigue checks in a more direct “demand vs. capacity” form with respect to the currently available methods. A first validation of such methodology is reported for the corrosion fatigue tests drawn from the literature. The predicted levels of critical corrosion are in good agreement with the values of artificially induced corrosion (i.e., 4, 8, and 12% of mass loss, respectively), with a maximum relative error of ≈9.3% for the most corroded specimen. Finally, parametrical analyses are performed, highlighting the influence of the model parameters on the corrosion fatigue performance of the steel elements.


Citations (10)


... Studies demonstrated the potential of steel exoskeletons to improve the seismic performance of RC buildings while also meeting structural, thermal and architectural requirements [11]. RC structures retrofitted with steel exoskeletons, at times in combination with local interventions, showed significant improvements in the global structural behavior, while also reducing the number of RC elements affected by brittle failure [12,13]. Cold-formed lightweight steel systems offer an effective structural solution, as they combine the advantages of lightweight construction with strong performance during seismic events. ...

Reference:

Seismic Design and Analysis of a Cold-Formed Steel Exoskeleton for the Retrofit of an RC Multi-Story Residential Building
Seismic Upgrade of a Non-Code Compliant Multi-Storey Steel Building: A Case Study
  • Citing Article
  • July 2024

Journal of Building Engineering

... Bolt connections are extensively utilized in bridges, large industrial facilities, and prefabricated concrete frame structures within civil engineering due to their structural stability, adaptability, and ease of construction [1][2][3][4]. When subjected to vibrational loads, fatigue failure and loosening can occur in bolt structures, with fatigue failure often emanating from localized loosening [5]. ...

Influence of hot-dip galvanization on the fatigue performance of high-strength bolted connections
  • Citing Article
  • January 2024

Engineering Structures

... The first methodology, shown in Fig. 15a, has been proposed by Milone et al [95], and consists in evaluating the averaged SED curve vs the number of cycles for different values of the stress ratio R; the calibrated value of the control volume radius R 0 is the one that minimize the scatter index of the fatigue curve in terms of SED, T ΔW . The fatigue dataset collected in the present paper resulted in a control volume radius of R 0 = 2.32 mm considering the fatigue data having failure between 10 4 and 2x10 6 cycles. ...

Evaluation of the influence of mean stress on the fatigue behavior of notched and smooth medium carbon steel components through an energetic local approach
  • Citing Article
  • September 2023

Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures

... This condition-in conjunction with (i) structural shortages deriving from the lack of adequate provisions at the time of erection, (ii) peculiar constructional imperfections deriving from the hot-driving process (HDP), and (iii) the diffuse increase of traffic loads in recent times-leaves riveted details exposed to severe fatigue damage. This further proves to be a critical issue if one considers the limited redundancy of truss bridge structures [9][10][11][12]. ...

Influence of camming imperfections on the resistance of lap shear riveted connections
  • Citing Article
  • April 2023

Journal of Constructional Steel Research

... It is noteworthy that, in a context in which sustainability aspects in the construction sector have received great attention from the scientific and professional community [23][24][25][26], this solution has the potential to align with the Life Cycle Thinking principles [27,28]. Furthermore, as demonstrated by several real-world application case studies [29,30], the design of a holistic intervention with exoskeletons is often practicable [31,32], addressing the structural safety [33] while simultaneously enhancing the energetic performance [34,35], and aesthetic value [36][37][38] through the creation of a second façade of the building [39,40]. ...

Seismic Assessment and Strengthening of an Existing Industrial Building

... Local failures pertaining to chord-to-column connections or diagonal connections were not within the scope of this study. The influence of these local components on comprehensive seismic assessments was already discussed by the authors in a prior publication [30]. Figure 7 illustrates the pushover curves derived for the six industrial buildings investigated in the longitudinal direction, accompanied by the capacity point, as defined by the aforementioned performance criteria. ...

Seismic Retrofitting of Existing Industrial Steel Buildings: A Case-Study

... Corrosion stands out as a primary structural degradation process that significantly impacts structural integrity, a reduction in the effective cross-sectional area, moment of inertia, torsional and warping constants [48,49]. The interaction between corrosion and cyclic loading, commonly recognised as corrosion fatigue, affects the mechanical properties of steel, resulting in the initiation of cracks from the corrosion-induced surface and a substantial decrease in fatigue strength [50][51][52][53]. This degradation is evident in a typical S-N curve of a material exposed to an air environment influenced by the corrosion process, as depicted in Fig. 1. ...

A Simplified Approach for the Corrosion Fatigue Assessment of Steel Structures in Aggressive Environments

... For instance, the fatigue problem of stay cables was analyzed for in-service cable-stayed bridges under combined actions of traffic and wind [14], employing the bilinear S-N curve for bridge cables provided by Eurocode 3 [15]. Furthermore, considering the susceptibility of bridge cables to corrosion damage in harsh environments, many researchers [16][17][18] estimated the fatigue life of intact and corroded bridge cables with different section forms using S-N curves and Miner cumulative damage criterion. However, these studies primarily revolved around the fatigue life assessment problem only for bridge cables under axial cyclic loading. ...

Methodologies for the fatigue assessment of corroded wire ropes: A state-of-the-art review
  • Citing Article
  • March 2022

Structures

... When designing the reinforced concrete column steel beam frame, refer to the standards listed in the relevant codes GB50010-2010 and GB50011-2010 [14] and design the reinforced concrete column steel beam frame model for experimental analysis. The height of each floor of the model is designed as 1.5 m, and the number of spans is designed as 3 × 2. Compared with the actual building, the model is reduced by 1/3. ...

Retrofit of non-code conforming moment resisting beam-to-column joints: A case study
  • Citing Article
  • February 2022

Journal of Constructional Steel Research

... Indeed, as stated in Section 2, the same deep profile is adopted for main beams at each storey (i.e., IPN 320), while columns become thinner along the height of the building. It is worth reporting that this result complies with outcomes previously derived by the Authors [9,10], which investigated the local response of non-conforming MR joints extracted from the case study by means of refined local FE analyses. Indeed, as reported in [9], asbuilt MR joints collapsed due to premature failure of connections on the columns' side at each floor, while beams always behaved elastically up to failure. ...

SEISMIC ASSESSMENT OF BEAM-TO-COLUMN JOINTS FOR A NON-CONFORMING MRF EXISTING STRUCTURE