Alan Waters’s scientific contributions

... Needs analysis paves the way for material developers and ESP course designers to enhance the students' motivation and achievement) Otilia, 2015) and provides the data which will underlie the foundation of developing a curriculum that will satisfy the needs of a specific group of learners (Saragih, 2014). Hutchinson and Waters (1987) proposed two types of needs, namely, target needs and learning needs. In their views, target needs refer to the learner's necessities, lacks and wants. ...

Reference:

An investigation into the English Needs of OSH students at the Higher Technical Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Libya

... PSA, as outlined by Hutchinson and Waters (1987), focuses on assessing learners' existing competencies, weaknesses, and learning experiences to design effective instructional strategies. The data reveal that speaking is the most challenging skill for many students (8), with specific difficulties in pronunciation (4) and word selection (1). ...

Reference:

A Report on the Findings of a Needs Analysis Conducted for Students and Teachers at H/North Kanumuldeniya National School, Hambantota, Sri Lanka Part 1 -Classroom Profile Part 2 -Report