Ajay Srinivasan's research while affiliated with Datar Genetics Limited and other places

... The latter surgical approach removes the interface zone in its entirety. We believe this observation is related to the emerging understanding that breast cancer is a systemic disease, even in its early stages, as supported by the detection of circulating tumor cells [3]. These cells, when reactivated, can infiltrate the index breast quadrant and cause local recurrence near the interface zone. ...

... 58 The expression of PD-L1 on circulating tumor cells may also be a reliable predictive biomarker. 60 PD -L 1 expression in conventional immunohistochemistry assays lacks accuracy and reliability as the staining of cytoplasmic proteins interferes with cell membrane protein estimation. 61 ...

... Paired analysis of patient plasma from ctDNA using a targeted approach, like molecular tag-based sequencing, may reveal concordant mutations with the tumor tissue that could be used for disease monitoring during follow-up. In a recent study that monitored patient-specific ctDNA across a diverse set of tumors, the authors found that for patients (n=40) with three or more longitudinal time points the patient-specific ctDNA had a correlation with tumor burden in 16/19 (85%) patients with partial response and overall in 27/40 (68%) patients 162 . On the other hand, use of cancer antigens only correlated with tumor burden in 19/40 (47.5%) patients, suggesting a lower utility than patient-specific ctDNA. ...

... However, parental VQ-D2 cells show little to no expression of FGFR1-4 at the mRNA level, comparable to control plasma cells ( Figure S6A) and do not harbor any mutations in FGFR1-4 either (our unpublished results). To determine if FGFR inhibition plays a role in Pon efficacy, we next tested the FGFR1 inhibitor sorafenib 17 , the FGFR1-3 inhibitor pazopanib 18 , and the pan-FGFR inhibitors dovitinib and lenvatinib 19,20 in our VQ MM cell lines. Similar as other TKIs tested in the AOD IX panel, none of the FGFR inhibitors displayed single agent efficacy at 100 nM and 1000 nM or in combination with Tra ( Figure S6B), suggesting that the efficacy of Pon in VQ MM cells is not primarily mediated through FGFR signaling. ...

... Inhibitors targeting PDGFR, VEGFR, or FGFR family receptors and Ret: Tumor angiogenesis is a hallmark of cancer. Several growth factors and their receptors, such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)/PDGFR, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGFR, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)/FGFR, stem cell factor (SCF)/c-Kit, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)-family ligands/ rearranged during transfection (RET), and angiopoietin/Tie 22,111 , regulate the growth, differentiation and migration of cancer cells and angiogenic activities of vascular endothelial cells 22,111 . PDGFs are members of the 'cysteine knot' growth factor superfamily, the members of which contain at least three disulfide bridges and forms homo-or heterodimers 112 . ...

... We used synthetic androgen, R1881 in our co-culture study to test the adhesion of fallopian tube cells to the ovary since the ovary expresses aromatase and could metabolize testosterone to estrogen. Bicalutamide, an anti-androgen, was not consistently successful in treating ovarian cancer in early clinical trials, although second generation enzalutamide is now being evaluated in phase II clinical trials [50,51]. The effects of bicalutamide on reducing ovarian cancer cell proliferation are less significant after treatment with chemotherapeutic due to reduced levels of AR [49]; therefore, the use of anti-androgen should be considered based on expression of AR and may be more impactful prior to other chemotherapy or as cancer prevention. ...

... Currently, common gene mutations associated with PACs include oncogenic mutations of KRAS, BRAF, and HER2 [62], among which KRAS is the most common oncogenic mutant in PACs with common mutation sites including G12D, G12V, G13D, G12C, G12N, G12S, G12A, and G12R [62]. Trastuzumab can be used as a targeted therapy for HER2 positive mutations, and various studies have demonstrated the presence of HER2 amplification or overexpression in 0-23.0% of PAC patients [64]. One study showed that insertion mutations in BRCA2 at c.156_157ins Alu are found in 12.5% of Portuguese patients with PACs, indicating that these patients may benefit from a treatment with the PARP inhibitor [62]. ...

... There is evidence showing that exosomes are closely related to lung carcinogenesis by playing a key role in the growth and progression of lung malignancies through tumor angiogenesis and EMT [93]. Several studies have demonstrated how the use of exosomes and exosomal RNA, combined with ctDNA and proteins, is giving rise to a multi-analyte approach that is very advantageous in terms of sensitivity to the detection of mutations [94][95][96][97][98]. This is demonstrated in Krug AK and colleagues' studies [96,97], in which they reported how it is possible to obtain up to 10 times more copies of the mutation by combining the data coming from both the exosomal RNA and the ctDNA compared to the single use of ctDNA, allowing detection of the disease in the early stages. ...

... Bcl-2 is an important antiapoptotic factor, functioning in the mitochondrial pathway to inhibit cell apoptosis. The process of tumor cell apoptosis is abnormal and provides an opportunity for the malignant transformation of cells (12). Nougarede et al. (13) found that Bcl-2 was highly expressed in esophageal cancer, which plays an important role in tumorigenesis and development. ...

... The appearance of CTCs is the premise and basis for distant metastasis [5,6]. Consequently, the detection of CTCs in peripheral blood of patients with tumor is of great clinical significance in early diagnosis, disease progression and prognosis judgment, and real-time monitoring of curative effects of breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, etc. [7][8][9][10][11][12]. ...