Ahmed Mushtaque Raza Chowdhury’s scientific contributions

Domestic Helping Hands are one of the most vulnerable and exploited groups among informal workers in Bangladesh and the world. Considering their vulnerabilities, this cross-sectional study was carried out in Dhaka city to determine the factors associated with the working environment and safety of the Domestic Helping Hands. In this study, a total of 300 samples were interviewed face-to-face during 2017-2019 using a pre-coded structured survey questionnaire. The research found that 70.7% of respondents can not avail themselves any weekend and do not get any treatment if they become sick, 39.3% are physically tortured, and 67.3% do not receive their wages in time. A total of 74% of respondents are confined under lock and key when all other household members go out. There is solid evidence of a violation of the existing laws, and the respondents do not get any written contract for the services. Therefore, the victims cannot take any legal measures for breach of the service rules and conditions. Establish a robust complaint response mechanism with a dedicated helpline number, insurance policy, Domestic Helping Hand trade union, and institutionalizing their services to shape them according to legal protection policies.