February 2019
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90 Reads
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11 Citations
European Journal of Protistology
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February 2019
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90 Reads
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11 Citations
European Journal of Protistology
February 2019
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143 Reads
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25 Citations
European Journal of Protistology
February 2019
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113 Reads
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19 Citations
Veterinary Parasitology
Canine babesiosis caused by Babesia canis sensu stricto became an emerging disease of dogs across Europe calling for attention also in countries where it was an only rare imported disease. An easy accessibility of molecular methods and the growing amount of sequencing data led to the description of intraspecific variability in 18S rDNA sequences designated as “genotypes”. Using material from a homogenous cohort of dogs with microscopically confirmed canine babesiosis caused by B. canis, we evaluated Babesia intraspecific variability and amplification sensitivity of three different genes (18S rDNA, COI, Cytb) to assess their potential as diagnostic or phylogenetic markers. In raw sequencing data obtained, we observed at least 3 ambiguous positions in up to 86% of chromatograms within the ∼560 bp fragment of 18S rDNA suggesting the existence of several, not identical copies of this gene. Our COI haplotype analysis resulted in a star-like pattern indicating a recent origin of most haplotypes, but not supporting the existence of two dominant haplotypes. Similarly, the Cytb sequences obtained from samples with all variants of 18S rDNA were identical. We corroborate previous observations from three other European countries and bring the evidence of the existence of 18S rDNA paralogs in B. canis genome replacing currently used “genotype” theory.
March 2018
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115 Reads
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22 Citations
Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases
The raccoon (Procyon lotor) and the raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) belong to a group of the invasive species. The introduced species as potential reservoirs for vector-borne pathogens have been the subject of recent research, though there are still no data with reference to the European population of the raccoon, and few studies concern only the raccoon dog. This study shows the occurrence of Anaplasmataceae representatives in raccoons and a sympatric population of the raccoon dogs obtained from the area of Poland and Germany. During the study, the occurrence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum ecotype I in the introduced raccoon in northwestern Poland was revealed. Additionally, Candidatus Neoehrlichia sp. (FU98) was identified for the first time in the raccoon dog in Central Europe and thereby the raccoon dog is a new host for this pathogen.
December 2017
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267 Reads
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6 Citations
Acta Parasitologica
Calodium hepaticum is a parasitic nematode found primarily in rodents but known to infect numerous other mammal species, and causing in humans the hepatic calodiasis. Herein, we present the first finding of C. hepaticum in Rattus norvegicus in Poland. In this study, we have used the combined pepsin-HCl digestion and molecular techniques to detect C. hepaticum infection in the liver. The results confirm the usefulness of molecular approaches for investigating the biology and epidemiology of C. hepaticum. Additionally in this study, the parts of the small subunit rRNA (18S rRNA) gene of Aonchotheca annulosa from bank vole, Aonchotheca erinacei and Eucoleus sp. from hedgehog were amplified, yielding the first 18S rRNA gene sequences of these Capillariinae nematodes.
September 2017
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329 Reads
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21 Citations
Background Rickettsiae are obligate intracellular alpha-proteobacteria. They are transmitted via arthropod vectors, which transmit the bacteria between animals and occasionally to humans. So far, much research has been conducted to indicate reservoir hosts for these microorganisms, but our knowledge is still non-exhaustive. Therefore, this survey was undertaken to investigate the presence of Rickettsia spp. in wild-living small rodents from south-western Poland. Results In total, 337 samples (193 from spleen and 144 from blood) obtained from 193 wild-living rodents: Apodemus agrarius, Apodemus flavicollis, and Myodes glareolus were tested by qPCR for Rickettsia spp. based on a fragment of gltA gene. The prevalence of infection was 17.6% (34/193). Subsequently, the positive samples were analysed by conventional PCR targeting the gltA gene fragment. The genus Rickettsia was confirmed by sequence analysis in four samples from the blood. In two blood samples from A. agrarius, the identified pathogen was Rickettsia helvetica. The Rickettsia obtained from A. flavicollis was assigned to Rickettsia felis-like organisms group. One isolate from A. agrarius could be determined only to the genus level. Conclusions This study shows the presence of Rickettsia DNA in tissues of wild-living rodents, suggesting some potential role of these animals in temporarily maintaining and spreading the bacteria in enzootic cycles.
February 2017
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93 Reads
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13 Citations
Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology
Microsporidia are opportunistic pathogens in nature infecting all animal phyla. There is a potential risk of microsporidian spores transmission from urban rooks inhabiting some metropolitan cities to people through casual interactions. The aim of this study was to identify microsporidia species in the droppings of rooks in Wroclaw, Poland. A total of 15 collective sets of droppings were examined using nested-PCR method. Amplification of ITS rRNA gene revealed the presence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi D, Peru 6 and Encephalitozoon hellem 1A genotypes. This study indicates that excreta of urban rooks can be an important source of human infection with these pathogens. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
January 2017
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31 Reads
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15 Citations
Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most commonly identified Microsporidia in humans and has also been detected worldwide in a large group of wild living and domestic animals. The identification of E. bieneusi in wildlife has raised the question of the importance of animal reservoirs in the epidemiology of microsporidiosis and the implications of the infection with this pathogen in hosts. This review summarizes the available molecular data on the variety of E. bieneusi genotypes, both potentially zoonotic and host-specific isolated from wild living mammals and birds. In contrast to microsporidial infections of humans and domestic animals, wildlife deserves attention as a source of significant environmental reservoir of E. bieneusi.
December 2016
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308 Reads
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36 Citations
Parasitology Research
The raccoon (Procyon lotor) carnivore native to North America is a fast spreading, invasive species in the Europe now. At the moment, the highest population occupies areas near the German-Polish border. The data on the occurrence of Cryptosporidium spp. and microsporidia in raccoons is limited to North America’s territory and is totally lacking in the case of their introduction to Europe. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence of microparasites, i.e., Cryptosporidium spp. and microsporidia in the introduced raccoons obtained from localities in Poland and Germany. A PCR-based approach that permitted genetic characterization via sequence analysis was applied to raccoon fecal samples (n = 49), collected during 2012–2014. All fecal samples were simultaneously tested with the use of genetic markers, and DNA of microsporidia and Cryptosporidium spp. was detected among the examined raccoons. The results of our research confirmed the presence of Cryptosporidium skunk genotype and Enterocytozoon bieneusi NCF2 genotype. The results suggest a possible role of raccoons in the contamination of the environment, including urban areas, with pathogens of zoonotic significance as well as their role in the transmission and introduction of new genotypes of microparasites in the areas where P. lotor has not been observed yet. To our knowledge, there has been no literature data on the above genotypes detected previously in humans or animals from the examined study sites so far.
November 2015
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70 Reads
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41 Citations
Veterinary Parasitology
Diversity of Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes in wild small rodent populations still remains incomplete and only few molecular studies have been conducted among these hosts. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether small rodents, i.e., Apodemus agrarius, Apodemus flavicollis, Mus musculus and Myodes glareolus act as hosts of E. bieneusi and can play an important role in spore spreading in the environment of south-western Poland. Molecular analyses were conducted to determine pathogen genotypes. A total of 191 fecal and 251 spleen samples collected from 311 rodent individuals were examined for the occurrence of E. bieneusi by PCR amplifying ITS gene. The overall prevalence of E. bieneusi in rodent samples was 38.9%. The nucleotide sequences of ITS region of E. bieneusi revealed the presence a total of 12 genotypes with two being already known, i.e., D and gorilla 1 genotypes. The remaining ten are novel genotypes (WR1-WR10) which segregated into three groups in a neighbor joining phylogeny. This study reports for the first time E. bieneusi occurrence in wild living rodents in Poland and shows extensive genetic diversity within E. bieneusi isolates of rodent origin.
... The bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum is transmitted by ticks and can infect various mammals, including humans 13 . In raccoons, it has been detected with varying prevalence [14][15][16][17][18] . Other bloodassociated bacteria detected in raccoons include Ehrlichia spp., Bartonella spp., and Rickettsia spp. ...
October 2023
... Indeed, beech martens have been ascertained to host a plethora of parasitic agents in Europe, such as urinary bladder capillariids (e.g., Capillaria plica -syn. Pearsonema plica), eyeworm spirurids (e.g., Thelazia callipaeda), nasal and tracheobronchial metastongylids (e.g., Skrjabingylus petrowi, Crenosoma vulpis), muscular adenophoreans and protozoa (e.g., Trichinella spiralis, Sarcocysts lutrae), intestinal protozoa (e.g., Cryptosporidium ditrichi) and subcutaneous filarioids (e.g., Dirofilaria repens, Filaria martis) (Otranto et al., 2007;Miterpáková et al., 2013;Heddergott et al., 2015;Prakas et al., 2018;Petersenf et al., 2018;do Vale et al., 2019;Deak et al., 2023;Perec-Matysiak et al., 2023). Among these, F. martis (class Chromadorea, order Rhabditida) is the least studied subcutaneous nematode species although able to infect different hosts of the families Mephitidae (e.g., striped skunks, Mephitis mephitis) (Worley, 1961), Pedetidae (e.g., south African springhares, Pedetes caffer) (Chabaud and Mohammad, 1989;Anderson, 2000), and Mustelidae. ...
January 2023
Pathogens
... [42], Rickettsia spp. [43], and Borrelia spp. [13,44]. ...
January 2022
... [71], Borrelia spp. [128], Coxiella burnetii [129], Francisella tularensis [130], Mycobacterium spp. [21], Bartonella spp. ...
October 2022
Animals
... Other bloodassociated bacteria detected in raccoons include Ehrlichia spp., Bartonella spp., and Rickettsia spp. 14,[19][20][21][22] . ...
May 2022
... Other bloodassociated bacteria detected in raccoons include Ehrlichia spp., Bartonella spp., and Rickettsia spp. 14,[19][20][21][22] . ...
April 2022
... The second most frequent parasite group infecting racoons was Cestodes. Atriotaenia incisa is a parasite of badgers, and Mesocestoides are common in medium and large carnivores; both have also been described in invasive raccoon populations 59 . Similarly to trematodes, an infection occurs after consuming infected intermediate land-dwelling hosts, such as rodents. ...
January 2022
Pathogens
... Genotype D was first identified in raccoon dogs which raised the concerns regarding its potential for transmission to humans [22]. Other genotypes including CHN-DC1, WildBoar3, CHN-R1, NCF2, CHN-F1, NCR2, NCR1, Korea-WL1, Korea-WL2, Korea-WL3, Korea-D, CHG1, Peru8, Type IV, and EbpA, all belong to ITS group 1, were also found in raccoon dogs [11,[22][23][24][25][26][27]. Although the epidemiological investigation of E. bieneusi in foxes first began in 2003, it was not until 2014 when foxes were found to be infected with genotype D [28,29]. ...
November 2021
Pathogens
... With the accumulation of epidemiologic data on Cryptosporidium spp., it was also found in humans and some other nonspecific animal hosts, such as pandas, black leopards, horses, and snakes [41]. Based on sequence analysis of the gp60 gene, to date, there have been five subtypes identified, and they belonged to three subtype families (IXa-IXc) in rodent-derived C. tyzzeri isolates, including IXaA6R1, IXaA6R2, IXaA8, IXbA6, and IXcA6 [6,10,24]. The present study identified two subtypes (IXaA6R1 and IXbA8) of C. tyzzeri. ...
February 2019
European Journal of Protistology
... Although each strain has a preferential host species, it is known that E. cuniculi has a low host specificity. For example, genotype III ("dog strain") was detected also in wild small rodents [10,11]. The main host of E. hellem are humans, but it has been found also in birds. ...
February 2019
European Journal of Protistology