Adrian Immenhauser's research while affiliated with Ruhr-Universität Bochum and other places
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Publications (280)
Ooids are abundant carbonate grains throughout much of Earth's history, but their formation is not well understood. Here, an in‐depth study of microbial bioerosion features of Holocene ooids from the Schooner Cays ooid shoals (Great Bahama Bank, Eleuthera, Bahamas) and the Shalil al Ud ooid shoals in the Arabian/Persian Gulf (Abu Dhabi, United Arab...
The geochemical and ultrastructural properties of thermally altered skeletal carbonate are expected to be compromised to varying degrees by disequilibrium processes between solids and the ambient aqueous fluids. When assessing the alteration history of carbonates, it is important to apply models that quantitatively describe these diagenetic process...
Deep geothermal reservoirs can provide renewable energy for electricity and heat generation [1]. In the Rhine-Ruhr area of western Germany, where Europe's largest district heating network is located, up to 1,300 m thick carbonates of Devonian age are available in ≥ 4,000 m depth [2, 3]. Near the surface, these rocks contain karst cavities, which ho...
Despite the iconic status of cephalopods in the field of Palaeontology owing to their rich fossil record, phylogenetic approaches on this group have since long been lagging behind many other taxa such as vertebrates or arthropods (Neige et al. 2007). Only recent years have shown increased interest and a rising number of phylogenetic studies focusin...
Changes in stress regimes impact the geometry of fracture networks and affect the porosity and permeability of carbonate reservoirs. This is, predominantly, because of the complexity of the deformation phases, the poor understanding of the mechanical and diagenetic mechanisms that affect apertures, and the difficulty in precisely characterizing ape...
The evolution of reefs over geologic time is diverse and includes a range of different builders. An understanding of the consequences of natural and anthropogenically-driven sediment influx to reef systems is crucial to planning future protection and mitigation strategies. Most reef systems are associated with clear water settings, however, many re...
Over the few past decades, the concept of microbial sulfur cycling catalyzing the precipitation of CaMg (CO3)2 at low temperatures (<40 °C) has been studied intensely. In this respect, two hypersaline lagoons, Lagoa Vermelha and Brejo do Espinho, in Brazil, have been the subject of numerous studies investigating sedimentary Ca/Mg carbonate formatio...
Deep groundwater monitoring in tight bedrock is not commonly performed and rarely documented. For a case study in Bochum, NRW, deep monitoring wells allow groundwater investigation in the outcropping Carboniferous down to a depth of 186 m. Groundwater monitoring was carried out by combining sampling of the monitoring wells and local springs at the...
Cryogenic cave carbonates (CCC) represent a specific type of speleothem precipitating from freezing water in caves. Over the past decade, considerable progress has been made concerning cryogenic calcite petrography, crystallography and geochemistry. Uncertainties remain, however, as the cave waters from which ancient cryogenic calcites form are not...
Some Precambrian carbonate rock bodies host economic petroleum reserves. Here, we present a case study of the deeply buried (>5 km) upper Ediacaran Dengying Formation (ca. 551–541 Ma) to document the formation of a microbialite gas field. Detailed petrological and geochemical data are presented and placed in context with porosity and permeability a...
During the Devonian period, reef development reached an acme in terms of carbonate production and latitudinal distribution. Here, we present stratigraphic, sedimentological and palaeoecological data from a Givetian coral-stromatoporoid biostrome exposed in three dimensions in the Klutert Cave in the northern Rhenish Slate Mountains, Germany. The sh...
Dolomite and related Mg/Ca carbonates are common rock-forming minerals (dolostones). Dolomites crystallise in the space group R-3 with trigonal symmetry and typically display a rhombohedral growth habit. A specific subtype of dolomite is saddle dolomite (a.k.a., baroque dolomite, etc.), characterised by curved (warped) lattices. Saddle dolomite sho...
Dolomitic rock (dolostone) is a major topic in carbonate research and a complex archive of its palaeoenviron-ment and diagenetic pathways. Two of the arguably most common proxies to assess post-depositional (burial) temperatures include carbonate clumped-isotopes and fluid-inclusions. In some cases, the temperature data obtained provide overlap, mo...
Carbonate ramps are prominent features of continental margins and intrashelf basins throughout much of Earth's history. Among the limited number of recent analogues of the coastal portions of ancient carbonate ramps, the Abu Dhabi area of the (Persian/Arabian) Gulf stands out due to its morphologically complex array of open marine to sabkha environ...
Marine calcite cement's crystal habit is often considered a function of the fluid Mg/Ca ratio. In contrast, marine aragonite fabrics are commonly described as acicular (needle) cement with pointed terminations and width-to-length ratios in the order of 1:10. Similarly, botryoidal or spherulitic aragonite cements are well-known from Mesozoic (and ol...
Belemnites are an extinct group of Mesozoic coleoid cephalopods, common in Jurassic and Cretaceous marine sedimentary rocks. Despite their significance, their total group phylogeny has rarely been considered in recent decades. In contrast, most researchers restricted the assignment of families to one of the two usually recognized subgroups, the Bel...
Cryogenic cave carbonates (CCCs) are speleothems precipitated from freezing water bodies in caves. A series of scholarly papers have explored natural CCC precipitation kinetics, crystal habit, mineralogy, crystallography and geochemistry. However, cave depositional environments are complex multi-parameter systems, and the inherent difficulty of unr...
During the Middle Devonian, reef growth reached an acme, and corals and stromatoporoids colonized depositional niches commonly considered unfavourable for reefal organisms. This paper documents the detailed facies architecture and palaeoecology of a stratigraphically thin (ca 12 m, ‘carpet reef’), lower Givetian reefal body exposed along the walls...
This work focuses on an exceptionally complex natural laboratory, the Triassic Latemar isolated platform in the Dolomite Mountains of northern Italy. It explores spatial and temporal gradients in processes and products related to contact metamorphism, dolomitization, and the dedolomitization of marine limestones. Rock samples were studied using dua...
New sedimentological data of facies and diagenesis as well as chronological data including strontium (87Sr/86Sr)-isotope ratios and uranium (U)-series dating, radiocarbon (14C) accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating and biostratigraphy from elevated reef terraces (makatea) in the southern Cook Islands of Mangaia, Rarotonga and Aitutaki contribu...
Marine radiaxial fibrous calcites are common pore‐filling carbonate fabrics in Palaeozoic and Mesozoic carbonates, yet recent analogues are scarce. Although ancient marine radiaxial fibrous calcites are often considered a cement phase and used for palaeoenvironmental interpretations, their origin (primary precipitation versus diagenetic alteration...
Changing stress regimes control fracture network geometry and influence porosity and permeability in carbonate reservoirs. We investigate the impact of stress-regime change on fracture network permeability utilizing outcrop data analysis and a displacement-based linear elastic finite element method. The model is based on fracture networks, specific...
In Earth’s history, reef development reached an acme during the Middle and Late Devonian period. We present evidence from lower Givetian tabular biostromes in Western Germany, documenting a short-lived reefal interval in an otherwise clastic setting. Reefal biota and their host matrix are exposed in three dimensions along the walls and ceiling of t...
Dolomitic rock (dolostone) is a major topic in carbonate research and a complex archive of its palaeoenvironment and diagenetic pathways. Combining field and laboratory techniques (transmitted light- and cathodoluminescence microscopy, U-Pb dating, MicroXRF mapping, fluid inclusion analyses and clumped isotope thermometry, 87Sr/86Sr, δ13C, δ18O), w...
Belemnites are an extinct group of Mesozoic coleoid cephalopods, common in Jurassic and Cretaceous marine sedimentary rocks. Despite their significance, their total group phylogeny has rarely been considered in recent decades. In contrast, most researchers restricted the assignment of families to one of the two usually recognized subgroups, the Bel...
Fibrous carbonate cement is a common phase in marine phreatic environments — but its origin and diagenetic history are underexplored. This paper compares two fibrous fabrics that are different in terms of their peculiarities but share important similarities regarding their essentials: upper Ediacaran fibrous dolomite cement and Upper Ordovician fib...
Dolomite, CaMg(CO3)2 , is a common rock-forming mineral. It can form as a primary precipitate, a diagenetic replacement of aragonite, calcite, an earlier dolomite phase, or a direct pore-filling hydrothermal phase in a wide range of sedimentological, diagenetic, hydrothermal and metamorphic environments. Among the many subtypes of dolomite, one of...
Cave carbonates, seemingly growing in defiance of gravity, have attracted the community's interest for more than a century. This paper focusses on `helictites´, contorted vermiform speleothems with central capillaries. Petrographic, crystallographic and geochemical data of calcitic and aragonitic helictites (recent to 347 ka) from three caves in We...
Bulk-rock based carbon-oxygen chemostratigraphy should be combined with a detailed understanding of depositional facies (mineralogy, porosity), its 2D-chronostratigraphic architecture, and diagenesis. The Ordovician of the western Tarim Basin recorded a peculiar litho-biostratigraphic succession. The Darriwilian Yijianfang Formation formed part of...
A better understanding of ENSO dynamics is essential for modelling future climate change and its impacts on the ecosystems and lives of the inhabitants of the tropical Pacific islands, which face considerable environmental risk in the coming decades. This study reconstructs past ENSO dynamics using a multi-proxy approach applied to a stalagmite fro...
Across Germany, coal-fired power plants will be shut down not later than 2038. In the Rhine-Ruhr area of western Germany, their waste heat is the main supply for one of Europe’s largest district heating networks. Because of the projected shutdown of coal-fired power plants, sustainable alternatives must be implemented. This paper evaluates the hydr...
Over the past decades, the burial realm, the most prolonged and arguably the least well understood diagenetic environment, has received significant research attention. Despite remarkable progress driven by exploratory drilling, outcrop analogue studies and experimental work, the scientific theories defining the burial sub‐domains are inconsistently...
Paleotemperatures based on δ18O values derived from belemnites are usually “too cold” compared to other archives and paleoclimate models. This temperature bias represents a significant obstacle in paleoceanographic research. Here we show geochemical evidence that belemnite calcite fibers are composed of two distinct low-Mg calcite phases (CP1, CP2)...
This study presents ⸹²⁶Mg values, Mg²⁺ concentrations, ⸹¹⁸O and ⸹²H values of monthly collected rain and snow samples between 2014 and 2017 from north-west Germany. The ⸹²⁶Mg values of snow are similar to those of rain. Unlike ⸹¹⁸O and ⸹²H, neither ⸹²⁶Mgprecipitation values nor Mg²⁺ concentrations display a relationship with air temperature. In con...
A multi-proxy field and laboratory study was conducted to investigate the impact of a regional fault zone on Devonian
carbonate geothermal reservoir properties. The outcrop analogue chosen is exposed in the Steltenberg quarry (North
Rhine-Westphalia, Germany) and provides access to Devonian lime- and dolostone units affected by branches of the Enne...
This work evaluates an exceptionally complex natural laboratory, the Middle Triassic Latemar isolated platform in the northern Italian Dolomite Mountains and explores spatial and temporal gradients in processes and products related to contact metamorphism, dolomitization and
dedolomitization of marine limestones. The relation between petrographic...
Direct studies of recent epeiric seawater chemistry and their geological significance are relatively few compared to the far more abundant studies from ancient epeiric marine carbonates. Acknowledging the limitations of analogue studies in the modern glaciated world, we propose that the recent Abu Dhabi offshore and lagoonal areas share important a...
Carbonate-associated sulfate (CAS) is an important proxy for reconstructing marine sulfur cycling throughout Earth`s history. In order to assess the impact of carbonate neomorphism on δ³⁴SCAS data, a mineralogical-spatial transect from early diagenetic limestone into low-temperature hydrothermal dolostone was analyzed in the middle Triassic Latemar...
The results of a multiproxy study on Mishrif carbonates from the margins of the Central Mesopotamian Basin of Iraq display a wide range of rock fabrics and diagenetic features, all affecting reservoir quality and flow properties in a complex manner. Based on petrographic and facies analyses of the Mishrif Formation in the AD oilfield, the model of...
Carbonate hardparts of marine organisms are frequently explored archives of their ambient seawater composition. Among the various materials used, the hardparts of molluscs are particularly relevant because their accretionary growth allows for the compilation of time-resolved proxy data sets. Here, we explore to which extent the calcium isotope valu...
Similar carbonate fabrics may result from different pathways of precipitation and diagenetic replacement. Distinguishing the underlying mechanisms leading to a given carbonate fabric is relevant, both in terms of an environmental and diagenetic interpretation. Prominent among carbonate fabrics are aragonite botryoids and spherulites, typically inte...
Worldwide, a growing number of modern coastal marine ecosystems are increasingly exposed to suboxic‐ or even anoxic conditions. Low seawater oxygen levels trigger significant ecosystem changes and may result in mass mortality of oxygen‐sensitive biota. The applicability of observations from recent (anthropogenically influenced) suboxic coastal sett...
The carbonate sediments generally have a more positive δ 18 O signature compared to inorganic carbonate precipitated in equilibrium with seawater (0 ‰) (fig 3). Reasons for this include significant effects of evaporation leading to 18 O-enriched waters. The more restricted region displays higher isotope values due to high salinity , compared to the...
The Permian Period is punctuated by Earth system changes unlike any other in geological history. The start of the Permian witnessed the termination of the Late Paleozoic Ice Age, followed by the climatic transition from icehouse to greenhouse conditions. The Guadalupian-Lopingian (Middle-Late Permian) was characterized by two biocrises associated t...
Here, we provide a detailed facies and depositional record from a NE-SW-directed, 250-km-long transect across a distally steepened, Middle Jurassic carbonate ramp in the northern Tethyan realm (Iran). Among the six main facies types described, two stand out because of their beyond-regional significance: (i) Middle Callovian microbial and microbial-...
Carbonates that exhibit obvious diagenetic alteration are usually excluded as archives in palaeoenvironmental studies. However, the potential impact of microbial alteration during early diagenesis is still poorly explored. To investigate the sensitivity of sulphur concentration, distribution, oxidation state and isotopic composition in marine arago...
The qualitative and quantitative investigation of non-carbonate minerals—such as clay minerals—in ancient limestones and dolostones is a widely applied tool in palaeoenvironmental analysis. In order to exploit clay minerals as palaeoenvironmental proxies, these must be extracted from their host carbonate prior to analysis. Over the last decades, ef...
Cave microclimate and geochemical monitoring is vitally important for
correct interpretations of proxy time series from speleothems with regard to past climatic and environmental dynamics. We present results of a
comprehensive cave-monitoring programme in Waipuna Cave in the North Island
of New Zealand, a region that is strongly influenced by the S...
Significance
Massive Paleozoic and Precambrian dolostone successions have long puzzled geologists in light of the kinetic barriers that inhibit low-temperature dolomite nucleation and precipitation (i.e., the “dolomite problem”). Significantly, the widely accepted hypothesis that such massive dolomites are the product of burial–hydrothermal dolomit...
The full potential of the dolomite Ca isotope proxy only unfolds when combined with data of the other main elements (C, O, Mg) in the crystal lattice of Mg-carbonates. Data presented here reveal the level of complexity inherent to dolomite precipitation and alteration environments and add new constraints to the understanding of early diagenetic dol...
Diagenesis of carbonate minerals is ubiquitous throughout the geologic record. Alteration is initiated immediately after deposition, or takes place in the endo- and exoskeletons as early as during the lifetime of a given carbonate-secreting biota, and can continue throughout the burial history of carbonate sediments and rocks. Variations in the dia...
A significant proportion of the remaining oil reserves worldwide is concentrated in dolostone rock bodies. The present paper focuses on Tournaisian and Visean limestones and geologically younger diagenetic dolomite units in two mature oil fields of the Volga-Ural Basin, Russia. In contrast to many dolostone-hosted hydrocarbon reservoirs worldwide,...
The deeply buried (>7 km) upper Ediacaran (Sinian) Dengying Formation (ca. 551.1–541 Ma) in the Sichuan Basin, China, is the largest Precambrian dolostone gas reservoir worldwide. Gas exploration from the Dengying Formation, however, is hampered by a limited understanding of its complex dolomitization history and porosity evolution. New petrologica...
Abstract. Cave microclimatic and geochemical monitoring is vitally important for correct interpretations of proxy time series from speleothems with regard to past climatic and environmental dynamics. We present results of a comprehensive cave monitoring programme in Waipuna Cave in the North Island of New Zealand, a region that is strongly influenc...
Modern cemented intervals (beachrock, firmgrounds to hardgrounds and concretionary layers) form in the lagoon and intertidal sabkha of Abu Dhabi. Seafloor lithification actively occurs in open, current‐swept channels in low‐lying areas between ooid shoals, in the intertidal zone of the middle lagoon, some centimetres beneath the inner lagoonal seaf...
Trace element to Ca ratios in speleothems have emerged as important proxies that reflect local environmental conditions. However, interpretations of speleothem trace element records can be challenging due to various processes. Positive correlations between speleothem Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca have often been interpreted to reflect prior calcite precipitation...
Neoproterozoic marine dolomite cements represent reliable, albeit complex archives of their palaeoenvironment. Petrological and high‐resolution geochemical data from well‐preserved fibrous dolomite and pyrite in the upper Ediacaran (ca 551.1 to 548.0 Ma) Dengying Formation in south‐west China are presented and discussed here. The aim of this resear...
Early marine diagenetic dolomite is a rather thermodynamically‐stable carbonate phase and has potential to act as an archive of marine porewater properties. However, the variety of early to late diagenetic dolomite phases that can coexist within a single sample can result in extensive complexity. Here, the archive potential of early marine dolomite...
Dolomitic rock (dolostone) is a major topic in carbonate research and a complex archive of its palaeoenvironment and diagenetic pathway. Combining field and laboratory techniques, we assess the complex diagenetic succession and subsequent contact metamorphic and hydrothermal overprint of Mesozoic carbonates of the Middle Triassic Latemar carbonate...
Marine carbonates are among the most important archives of environmental information in both modern and past environments. Widely used but particularly sensitive archives are the aragonitic skeletons of scleractinian corals. However, due to the metastable nature of aragonite, a multitude of chemical, mineralogical, and (micro)biological processes c...
Short-term hypoxia in epeiric water masses is a common phenomenon
of modern marine environments and causes mass mortality in coastal marine
ecosystems. Here, we test the hypothesis that during the early Aptian,
platform-top hypoxia temporarily established in some of the vast epeiric
seas of the central Tethys and caused, combined with other stresso...
Cave air pCO 2 (carbon dioxide partial pressure) is, along with drip rate, one of the most important factors controlling speleothem carbonate precipitation. As a consequence, pCO 2 has an indirect but important control on speleothem proxy data (e.g., elemental concentrations, isotopic values). The CO 2 concentration of cave air depends on CO 2 sour...
Ostracods are common lacustrine calcitic microfossils. Their faunal
assemblage and morphological characteristics are important ecological
proxies, and their valves are archives of geochemical information related to
palaeoclimatic and palaeohydrological changes. In an attempt to assess
ostracod ecology (taxonomic diversity and valve morphology) comb...
Biogenic carbonate minerals are widely used as archives in paleoenvironmental research, providing substantial information for past depositional and diagenetic regimes. However, nearly all biogenic carbonates undergo post-mortem diagenetic alteration to variable degrees. Diagenetic features are essentially caused by complex fluid-solid interaction i...
