Abhay Mani Tripathi’s research while affiliated with Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental & Medical Sciences and other places

Introduction Microorganisms induce a variety of infections and diseases in the human body and are largely ubiquitous in the nature of the contamination, directly, or indirectly leading to transmission of infectious agents. A substantial number of bacterial species have been identified as inhabitants of the oral cavity. Infection control is a major topic of concern in medical and dental healthcare settings. Aim To evaluate the disinfecting ability of various herbal extracts on sterilization of endodontic files against endodontic pathogens. Materials and methods The study was conducted in three phases to evaluate the disinfecting ability of tea tree, neem, eucalyptus, and ajwain oil on sterilization of endodontic files against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus β-hemolyticus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Peptostreptococcus species, and Bacteroides fragilis. Results Colony-forming units (CFU) of all tested bacteria among group I (tea tree oil) were found to be significantly lower than that among group II (ajwain oil), group III (eucalyptus oil), and group IV (neem oil), respectively. Conclusion The antimicrobial activity among all the essential oils was found to be maximum for tea tree oil, followed in descending order by ajwain, eucalyptus, and neem oils. Hence, the incorporation of these herbs in dental practice will prove to be a valuable adjunct in dental treatment. Clinical significance Herbs have also been long used in various endodontic medicaments and dressings with obtundent and soothing effects and exhibited a great microbial inhibition potential against the tested endodontic pathogens. How to cite this article Opi K, Dhinsa K, Tripathi AM, et al. To Evaluate and Compare the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Various Disinfecting Agents on K-file against Gram-positive and Gram-negative Bacteria of Endodontic Origin: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(S-2):S161–S167.

Aim: The aim of this in vitro study is to evaluate the remineralizing potential of commercially available low-fluoridated, nonfluoridated, and herbal nonfluoridated child formula dentifrices on primary teeth. Materials and methods: Total of 36 primary teeth were placed in the demineralizing solution for 96 hours to produce artificial carious lesions of approximately 100 μm depth, and then cut longitudinally into 30 sections of 100-150 μm thickness and randomly assigned to three groups. Sections were treated with low-fluoridated, nonfluoridated, and herbal nonfluoridated dentifrice. Lesions were evaluated using polarized light microscopy. Results: Intragroup comparison of mean lesion depth from pretreatment to posttreatment among the three study groups revealed that maximum reduction in lesion depth was found to be in group I (low-fluoridated) followed in descending order by group III (herbal nonfluoridated) and group II (nonfluoridated), respectively. Conclusion: Group I (low-fluoridated) and group III (herbal nonfluoridated) demonstrated remineralization of carious lesions by virtue of a decrease in lesion depth, whereas group II (nonfluoridated) showed an increase in lesion depth. Clinical significance: Fluoride dentifrices are the most widely used products that deliver topical fluoride to the oral environment. The major drawback is the risk of dental fluorosis, which occurs because of ingestion of dentifrices, in preschool children. This necessitates use of preventive measures which include (1) reducing the amount of toothpaste used, (2) supervised brushing in preschool children and (3) developing low-fluoride toothpastes for minimizing risk of dental fluorosis. Further dental professionals must investigate effectiveness of increasingly popular "Herbal" products. How to cite this article: Tiwari S, Saha S, Dhinsa K, et al. Remineralizing Potential of Low-fluoridated, Nonfluoridated and Herbal Nonfluoridated Dentifrices on Demineralized Surface of Primary Teeth: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(3):251-257.

Abstract Introduction: The longevity of stainless steel crowns is related to perfect adaptation and long-term union between restoration and teeth. In this respect, evaluation of marginal leakage of luting cement is essential. Aim and objective: To compare and evaluate the ability of new adhesive cement to prevent microleakage under stainless steel crowns on primary teeth. Materials and methods: Forty-five specimens were embedded, standardized preparations were made onto selected extracted primary molars, and stainless steel crowns were adapted. Samples were assigned randomly to cement groups: Glass ionomer (GI), resin-modified glass-ionomer (RMGI), and Adhesive resin (AR) cement, followed by storage in water, artificially aging, staining, sectioning, and the linear dye penetration and proportion of microleakage evaluation. Results: AR showed the lowest microleakage, followed in increasing order by RMGIC and GIC showed the greatest microleakage (p-value < 0.0001). Clinical significance: There are many kinds of luting agents that vary considerably from the viewpoint of solubility, strength, and ability to adhere to the tooth structure. Lack of adhesion of the luting cement to the tooth structure is one of the reasons for microleakage related to different types of crowns. Cement breakdown may result in the entrance of fluids and microorganisms along with the tooth restoration interface. In this study, attempts were made to simulate standard clinical procedures, although this is not a substitute for the complex oral environment, the results provide useful information to choosing the best cement materials. Conclusion: Adhesive resin cement can be recommended for cementation of Stainless Steel Crowns because of added advantages over others. Keywords: Luting cement, Microleakage, Stainless steel crown. International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry (2022): 10.5005/jp journals-10005-2359

Abstract Introduction: The decreased rate in dental caries cases across the world has created an enthusiasm in many clinicians to relate and study different developmental disorders. In past years, defects that are commonly associated with dentistry are hypomineralized areas commonly seen in central incisors and first molars. Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a defect of the enamel, which is qualitative in nature and systemic in origin characterized by advanced and concurrent hypomineralization of the enamel affecting the first permanent molars together with frequent association of the incisors. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH), its possible risk factors and its association with dental caries and enamel surface defects (attrition and abrasion) in schoolchildren aged between 8 and 16 years in Lucknow district. Methodology: Indexed teeth (first permanent molars and incisors) of 5,585 schoolchildren, selected by stratified random sampling technique between the age-group of 8 and 16 years, were examined by a trained and calibrated examiner. The data was recorded in a predesigned proforma by examiner, which consisted of mainly two parts. The first part comprised of general information, while the second part comprised of questions related to risk factors related to MIH (prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal history). For the diagnosis of MIH, the Developmental Defects of Enamel (DDE) Index was used for diagnosis of MIH, while the decay-missing-filled teeth index (DMFT) criteria were used for assessing dental caries. Enamel surface defects were recorded using the Smith and Knight tooth wear index. Results: A prevalence of 7.6% was reported wherein females were found to be more affected by MIH. A strong significant correlation was found between MIH prevalence and childhood infection. Conclusion: Early diagnosis of MIH is necessary to prevent the rapid destruction of the tooth morphology resulting in complicated treatment. Further studies with greater samples are needed to investigate the different etiological factors and determine the biological molecular mechanism that they may cause. Clinical significance: The data obtained from the current study does not portray a clear consideration of the infants’ medical history in the initial 4 years of life. Further studies may be performed to surpass these shortcomings by using more elaborate medical records of the child in addition to profound recollection of the parents. Due to paucity of literature on this issue in Lucknow District, our current study may provide some information at a baseline level for conducting an extensive research involving different regions pan-India. Keywords: Dental caries, Enamel surface defects, MIH, Schoolchildren International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry (2022): 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2088

Aim and objective: To evaluate root canal transportation, centering ability ratio (CAR), remaining dentine thickness, dentinal cracks, and instrumentation time after instrumentation with different filing systems in root canals of primary teeth by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis. Materials and methods: Sixty prepared canals of primary teeth divided into 4 groups with 15 canals in each were prepared with NiTi K files, Proaper Next (PTN) files, OneShape (OS), and WaveOne (WO) files, respectively. Using CBCT scan, the pre- and postinstrumentation scan was done to obtain images at three levels (apical, middle, and cervical). The results obtained were statistically analyzed using SPSS 21 statistical software version. Result: Significant statistical difference was found between different filing systems. Conclusion: ProTaper Next files showed least canal transportation and the best centering ability was shown by OS file system. The NiTi K hand files preserved maximum remaining dentin thickness (RDT) and produced minimum dentin cracks. WO file system took least instrumentation time when compared to the other three filing systems. Clinical significance: The use of rotary instruments in the pulpectomy of primary teeth represents a promising technique being advantageous for the pediatric patients by maintaining the original canal curvatures, showing greater ability to maintain dentin thickness, causing lesser dentin cracks, and reducing chair time thus favoring preparation of more conical root canals and better obturation. How to cite this article: Singh P. Cone-beam Computed Tomographic Analysis of Deciduous Root Canals after Instrumentation with Different Filing Systems: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2022;15(S-1):S22-S29.

Aim: To assess the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among children suffering from congestive heart failure and bronchial asthma in Lucknow city. Materials and method: Methodology: Patients aged 6-12 years were assessed using Child Perception Questionnaire (CPQ). DMFT was assessed in same patients to measure their caries experience. Results: Dental caries were observed in 62.6% of cardiac patients followed by 55.8% in bronchial asthma patients. Conclusion: Children with CHF had high dental caries experience as compared to asthmatic patients. Due to high caries exposure, they had a negative impact on OHRQoL as compared to others. Clinical significance: The relationship between oral and systemic health must be consistently reinforced to a patient and guardians of children with systemic disease that can enable to improve the quality of life of these compromised populations. How to cite this article: Dhinsa K, Saha S, Tripathi AM, et al. Assessment of Oral Health-related Quality of Life in Patients Suffering from Systemic Diseases. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(6):779-783.

Pain and peri apical infections are the most common complaints for which patients approach a dental surgeon. Management of infection and control of pain is the mainstay of the treatment while performing any dental procedure. The rational and prudent use of antibiotics and analgesics is the important aspect of the dental procedure for the treatment of infection & pain control. The researches nowadays are aimed at in finding the drugs which have maximal efficacy and minimal side effects.

It is time for analysis and reform in our dental schools and teaching. If Pediatric Dentistry is to meet the needs of our time. Even the most thoughtful and probing analysis will be imperfect; even the most earnestly pursued remedies will not be entirely successful. Although we cannot reach the ideal, we can move towards it. A bright future lies ahead in the dental field, but we shall all have to work very long and very hard to make it come to pass. Future of dentistry has become one of the unique resources and providers of this oral systemic approach. Hence, this present article describes a brief review on some of the breakthrough advances in dentistry which includes smart materials, tissue engineering, dental implants and ozone therapy.

The following case report depicts a rare case of a 9-year-old male child with an aggressive form of Burkitt-like (BL) lymphoma highlighting the diagnosis, dental management, precautions, and general and dental considerations to be kept in mind in such special patients with immunocompromised status and considerations in such immunocompromised patients.