A.W.G. Pike’s research while affiliated with University of Southampton and other places

... Protein is considerably more robust than DNA molecules, particularly when it is physically associated with mineral surfaces such as tooth enamel (Buckley 2015;Demarchi et al. 2016;Stewart et al. 2016;Parker et al. 2019;Gowland et al. 2021;Ziganshin et al. 2020;Shaw et al. 2024;Gamble et al. 2024). ...

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Bison sex matters: the potential of proteomic tooth enamel analysis for determination of ancient human subsistence strategies

... Medir os rácios isotópicos de carbono e azoto do colagénio ósseo é uma técnica bem estabelecida para a reconstrução de dietas antigas (Saragoça et al., 2016). Métodos apoiados nos isótopos de estrôncio e a amostragem sequencial de esmalte têm sido usados para reconstituir a biogeografia de espécies migratórias a partir das presas de grandes mamíferos e para distinguir entre espécies migratórias contemporâneas e espécies não migrantes, no mesmo local, a fim de melhor compreender a seleção de locais de recoleção e os comportamentos de predação (Britton et al., 2011;Linscott et al., 2023). O método de análise estatística multivariada, usando táxons, presença/ausência e abundância, foi aplicado para definir a seleção de presas relacionada com a dinâmica sazonal nos contextos de transição do Paleolítico Médio para o Paleolítico Superior do sul da França (Discamps et al., 2011). ...

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Variabilidade climática e adaptação humana durante o último período glaciar: um projeto multidisciplinar na região do Vale do Côa (nordeste de Portugal)

... Here we report all results for samples dated from one of these caves: Maltravieso. Data were recently published in a Spanish-language monograph about Maltravieso rock art (Standish et al., 2022), but we present them here to allow accessibility for all interested parties, and to enable an in-depth discussion on the potential implications of these results. ...

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The age of hand stencils in Maltravieso cave (Extremadura, Spain) established by U-Th dating, and its implications for the early development of art

... Most likely, this is explained by the aggregation of knowledge that occurred in Neolithic Antequera, since it is an area with a great wealth of abiotic resources ( fig. S1), acting as an economic-social attractor (13). A similar architectural solution can be seen in the megalithic temple of Mnajdra, in Malta ( fig. ...

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Early science and colossal stone engineering in Menga, a Neolithic dolmen (Antequera, Spain)

... Further, about 0.2 Ma marks the start of an uninterrupted phase of high global ice volume until present, coinciding with the absence of speleothem growth, and only gypsum deposition in central Arabia from this point forwards. Together, this suggests that the central Arabian hydroclimate is sensitive to longer-term Earth system feedbacks, and Northern Hemisphere glacial boundary conditions, as demonstrated in southern Arabia 86 . Furthermore, Pliocene modelling simulations of the Sahel and East Asia also suggest that the mid Pliocene wetter hydroclimate state is driven by a reduction in Northern Hemisphere high-latitude ice extent and continental greening 87 . ...

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Recurrent humid phases in Arabia over the past 8 million years

... Em particular, este registo endocársico forneceu as evidências de uma descontinuidade estratigráfica erosiva recorrente, datada de ∼29,5--32 ka (durante o HS3), que parece relacionar-se com os impactos das mudanças climáticas na paisagem (Aubry et al., 2011). Estes dados concordam com o que é conhecido também noutros sítios arqueológicos de Portugal (Angelucci, 2002b;Angelucci & Zilhão, 2009;Zilhão, 2006Zilhão, , 1997Zilhão, , 2023Zilhão & Almeida, 2002;Zilhão et al., 2021aZilhão et al., , 2021b, Espanha (Mallol et al., 2012) e França (Aubry et al., 2014a(Aubry et al., , 2012a. Foi também avançado um modelo de base climática com vista à explicação de uma dispersão tardia do Homem Anatomicamente Moderno (HAM), da persistência das últimas populações neandertais e das diferenças cronológicas entre os dados a norte e a sul dos Pirenéus (Banks et al., 2008;d'Errico & Sánchez Goñi, 2003;Sepulchre et al., 2007;Zilhão, 2006Zilhão, , 2021, interpretadas como sendo o impacto direto do HS4 (∼40-38 ka) na distribuição das populações dos grandes ungulados. ...

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Variabilidade climática e adaptação humana durante o último período glaciar: um projeto multidisciplinar na região do Vale do Côa (nordeste de Portugal)

... However, the thinness of the samples posed significant challenges to the procedure. Despite these difficulties, some dates have been estimated to go back as far as 48 ky BP or even 74 ky BP (Hoffmann et al., 2021). ...

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Neanderthal cave art? A proposal from cognitive archaeology

... Precise 230 Th ages of stalagmites combined with δ 18 O ca values have provided records of MIS 5e and Holocene climatic variability. The Y99 (Mukallah) δ 18 O ca and δ 13 C ca records cover SAHP 4 in Yemen, with onset and termination of stalagmite growth at 127.8 and 121.1 ka BP(Nicholson et al., 2020;Nicholson et al., 2021a). There are four distinct features of the Y99 δ 18 O ca curve: 1) onset of enhanced rainfall is characterized by negative δ 18 O ca values, suggesting this was abrupt, perhaps within <500 years as suggested by other ASM records (e.g., ...

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The Stalagmite Record of Southern Arabia: Climatic Extremes, Human Evolution and Societal Development

... This possibility is further supported by the relationship between Kainsbakke/Kirial Bro and North-West Jutland, as is suggested by the ceramic vessels discussed above. From a general perspective as well, this scenario is entirely plausible, as the movement of cattle over considerable distances as part of complex Neolithic economies has been demonstrated in the case of Funnel Beaker groups in central western Sweden (Sjögren and Price 2013;Sjögren et al. 2021). The fact that Kainsbakke and Kirial Bro were located on an island, which was separated from the mainland by a sound (Kolindsund/Randers Fjord) that was a few hundred metres wide, does not contradict this assumption. ...

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Middle Neolithic trackway A20 at Kastbjerg Å: High precision dating and archaeological context

... Furthermore, samples with lower Sn are more likely to contain higher As amounts across artefact types, possibly linking technological choices during primary production (sourcing, smelting) with secondary metal treatment (alloying, recycling). The Sn and As content changes the colour 63 and the physical properties of alloys including their potential for work hardening 64,65 . Lower Sn (3-4 wt%) and higher As for the sickles match data from Slovenia, where axes were found with comparatively low Sn (6-7 wt%), and spears and swords with high Sn 22,50,66 . ...

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A community of practice approach to the management of metal resources, metalworking and hoarding in Bronze Age societies