A.N. Parkhomenko’s research while affiliated with Volgograd State Medical University and other places

Aims – to study the dynamics of postural balance indicators in the process of total reconstruction of dentition occlusion. Materials and methods. The prospective study included 48 patients receiving dental orthopedic treatment for pathology of hard dental tissues and partial absence of teeth. Monitoring of postural status was carried out according to stabilometric studies and photometry of the direction and angular values of deviations of the general center of gravity of the body, the centers of gravity of body regions and the lines of their boundaries. Results. Before treatment, the examined patients were characterized by a ventral shift in the general center of gravity (5,07±0,62º) and the center of gravity of the cervical spine (5,50±0,75º), a shift in the center of gravity of the lumbosacral spine to the right (5,92±0,59º), significant inclination of the biauricular (7,09±0,57º), biacromial (8,31±0,84º), superior bicondylar (8,73±0,75º) lines in the frontal plane and clavioscapular (8,08±1,03º), bispinal (8,50±0,69º) lines – in the sagittal plane, as well as a pronounced decrease relative to the known norms of the statokinesiogram area indicators (273,06±82,62 mm ² in test with eyes closed), the average position of the center of pressure in the frontal (–1,43±2,01 mm in the test with eyes closed) and sagittal (–36,94±7,39 mm and –28,17±4,48 mm in tests with open and closed eyes, respectively) axes. As the occlusal balance is restored using orthopedic dental methods, normalization of the values of all of the listed parameters has been recorded, with the exception of the angle of inclination of the upper bicondylar line. Conclusions. The angles of inclination of the pelvis and head in the frontal and sagittal planes, the asymmetry of the belt of the upper limbs and the range of fluctuations in the center of pressure of the feet along the sagittal and frontal axes are informative indicators of postural compensation for changes in the position of the lower jaw and disturbances in the occlusal balance of the dentition. To correct the corresponding posturological disorders, it is advisable to organize an interdisciplinary approach in the management of orthopedic dental patients with chiropractors, rehabilitation therapists, kinesiologists, and osteopaths.

Achievements in integrative areas of medicine can significantly supplement the traditional ideas about the etiopathogenesis of temporomandibular joint dysfunction, based on the positions of occlusal and neuromuscular theories and mainly limited to consideration of the elements of the stomatognathic system. The article presents the results of a study of data on the influence of the state of the spine on the pathogenesis of diseases of the temporomandibular joint and data on the effectiveness of the treatment of combined pathology of the joint and posture according to publications in domestic and foreign literature over the past 15 years. Expanding the view on the structure and function of the maxillofacial region and the role of craniopostural and craniovisceral relationships requires the development of a unified methodological approach to the diagnosis of patients with dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint, which will help reduce the number of diagnostic errors and the risk of chronic pain phenomena.

The loss of natural teeth and, especially, the complete loss of teeth, is an urgent problem of domestic and foreign dentistry, in the solution of which a significant place is given to prosthetics with full removable plate dentures. To improve the fixation and stabilization of complete removable plate dentures, dentists often consider it appropriate to use adhesive agents, the use of which also gives the patient psychological confidence, ensuring the success of orthopedic dental treatment. The purpose of the literature analysis is to summarize and analyze the literature data for the period 2012-2023 on modern adhesive means for fixing complete removable plate prostheses, their composition, main characteristics and properties. The analysis of scientific articles allows us to come to the conclusion that it is advisable for dentists-orthopedists to recommend adhesive agents to their patients and assist them in selecting a fixing agent taking into account individual characteristics, which will improve the quality and effectiveness of dental treatment.

The correct execution of teeth preparation for metal-ceramic crowns requires a certain range of dental bores, different in shape and cutting properties. However, according to a 2014 study, orthopedic dentists tend to use a reduced set of burs in their daily practice. The research material is the results of a survey of 59 orthopedic dentists of urban dental clinics, obtained by the questionnaire method. Data on the frequency of use of hogs of various shapes and grain size were obtained. There is an expansion of the range of tools used according to the criteria of grain size and shape. Despite this, there is a tendency to use a reduced set of dental burs and the prevalence of coarse-grained burs in its composition.

One of the main difficulties in the rehabilitation of patients with a complete absence of teeth using removable lamellar dentures is the problem of adaptation to dentures and the full restoration of chewing function. This is often associated with insufficient fixation and stabilization of the prosthesis due to unfavorable anatomical conditions of the prosthetic bed. Improving the fixation and stabilization of removable lamellar dentures in the complete absence of teeth is facilitated by the use of special fixing creams, the mechanism of action is to create a viscous adhesive film between the prosthesis and the mucous membrane of the prosthetic bed, which contributes to a tighter closure of the valve zone. A large number of creams for fixing prostheses are freely available and are in great demand. As part of a research project with grant support at Volgograd University, a new cream for this purpose has been developed. This study is a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the use of new and already known creams for fixing prostheses and was carried out by assessing the course of the adaptation process.

The article presents the data of a complex dental and neurophysiological examination of young people with parafunctional activity of the masticatory muscles (bruxism). The effectiveness of stress-protective lateral heterosuggestion technique in the etiological and pathogenetic correction of bruxism and the possibility of its use in dental practice have been proven.

The article presents data from dental and neurophysiological examinations of young people with and lack of parafunctional activity of the masticatory muscles (bruxism).