Anna M. Babel's research while affiliated with The Ohio State University and other places
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Publications (11)
Chronotopes have been described as “envelopes” of time and space that provide the setting for the circulation of particular types of characters or personae (Silverstein 2005, Agha 2007, Bakhtin 1981, 1986). In this article, I investigate how these narratives of time and space are used to produce meaning in conjunction with structured relationships...
The influence of social knowledge on speech perception is a question of interest to a range of disciplines of language research. This study combines experimental and qualitative approaches to investigate whether the various methodological and disciplinary threads of research on this topic are truly investigating the same phenomenon to provide conve...
This article describes the use of aspirates and ejectives in a variety of Spanish with significant Quechua contact influence that is spoken in the Santa Cruz valleys of central Bolivia. Aspirates and ejectives occur primarily on Quechua loanwords, making these ‘intermediate phonological relationships’ (Hall 2013) that are hard to categorize with re...
The topic of awareness and control is an elephant in the room in sociolinguistic research. To what extent are speakers aware of sociolinguistic variables? Are there different types or levels of awareness? Is 'control' of these variables a conscious or unconscious process, or is it some combination of the two? Are the variables we are aware of neces...
Speakers of a contact variety of Bolivian Spanish use aspirates and ejectives, primarily on Quechua loanwords, due to long-term, intense societal contact with Quechua. Speakers employ aspirates and ejectives to express affective stances such as anger, humor, and intimacy, and to index a local identity. Affective ties to language through expressive...
The question of how and why change occurs is a persistent theme in research on language contact and sociolinguistics. In this article, I investigate the role of social context in producing change and maintenance in a contact variety of Andean Spanish. Two generations of speakers in a Quechua-Spanish contact zone in central Bolivia interpret stress...
It has been widely observed that speakers of Andean Spanish use features that are borrowed or calqued from Quechua (de Granda 2001; Pfänder 2009). In this article, I demonstrate that these features are not evenly distributed over contexts of language use; rather, most contact features occur significantly more frequently in conversations than in for...
Linguistic features that are transferred through language contact are distributed over social contexts as a result of their role in a system of social meaning. In this dissertation, I investigate the distribution of Quechua contact features in Spanish over different social contexts in a community in central Bolivia. Through the process of enregiste...
While information sources have largely been treated as transparent categories in the literature on evidentiality, understandings of information source can be culturally and situationally variable. This article proposes that the strictly linguistic information encoded in reportative evidentials cannot be cleanly separated from social influences. Def...
Citations
... In this paper, we employ Mikhail Bakhtin's (1981) heuristic of the chronotope for understanding the unique conditions of validity established through the discursive invocation of these time-space contexts. While the notion of chronotope was developed within literary theory, the concept has enjoyed broad appeal in the social sciences (Babel 2022;Barrett 2017;Blommaert 2015;Britt 2018;De Fina et al. 2017;Dick 2010). This appeal is due to the fact that chronotopes serve as both frames for discourse as well as discursive objects that enable and constrain agency over the speakers' construction of personae via stancetaking (Woolard 2013). ...
... This same effect has also been found in New Zealanders, who reported hearing more Australian-like vowel pronunciations when primed with "Australian" than when primed with "New Zealand" (Hay et al., 2006;cf. Walker et al., 2019; see also McGowan & Babel, 2019). 2 Using a visual matched-guise paradigm, Rubin (1992) found that American listeners had poorer comprehension of a short lecture when shown a picture of an East Asian face than when shown a White face. ...
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... Another important aspect of awareness brought up in previous research is that its role can only be understood in light of the larger social environment and local societal structures. For instance, Babel (2016) finds that women in a Bolivian community use different strategies to resist engaging in a particular male-dominated oratorical style of language in the context of public meetings. The use of these strategies is the result of a type of awareness that is highly dependent on an understanding of the sociolinguistic norms of the community and the power relations that exist within it. ...
... The first shift "implies a reorientation of its locus from the borrowed lexemes per se, to how the use of borrowed items is constrained by cultural, social or cognitive factors" (Andersen et al. 2017: 71). This means that researchers now look at lexical borrowing as an instrument of local identity construction, speaker evaluation communication, and as manifesting sociocultural norms and values, or in short: as socially meaningful (Andersen 2014;Babel 2016;Peterson and Beers Fägersten 2018;Zenner et al. 2019). The second shift refers to taking the concept expressed by the Anglicism, rather than the lexical borrowing itself, as the point of departure, suggesting that attention is paid to the naming instead of the meaning, and as such to the selection made by language users between the loanword and alternative lexicalizations (see for instance Winter-Froemel [2008] who gives an overview of criteria for judging between alternative lexical strategies in contact situations, and Serigos [2017] and Winter-Froemel [2018] who show that Anglicisms are often semantically more specific than their Spanish and Italian alternatives using a concept-based approach). ...
... Studies in the fields of linguistic anthropology and the sociology of language have used linguistic ethnography and discourse analysis to understand how speakers both align with pre-existing notions of social categories and create new social meaning during interaction. In the central Bolivian context, Babel (2014) examines how Spanish contact features serve as social indices in a Spanish-Quechua community. Social meaning coded in contact features is shown not only to be dependent on the sociohistorical context of linguistic forms, but also on individual speakers' history, social profile, and speech goals at the moment of interaction. ...
Reference: Sociolinguistics in Hispanic South America
... Por ejemplo, el empleo de recursos prosódicos para expresar respeto o para discursos, registrados en los zapotecos (Sicoli, 2007) o diferencias culturales en el comportamiento de la mirada en tzeltales (Rossano, Brown y Levinson, 2009). De la misma forma, para el quechua boliviano se ha constatado el empleo de recursos prosódicos para manifestar solidaridad, afecto o empatía (Babel, 2010), además del uso específico de recursos multimodales para actividades conversacionales, como interrupciones (Satti y Soto Rodríguez, 2021a), búsquedas de palabras (Satti y Soto Rodríguez, 2021b) y realizaciones de listas (Dankel y Soto Rodríguez, 2021). ...
... Analysis of the enregisterment of such contact features not only allows for deeper understanding of the language contact situation in Corrientes generally, but also supports the notion, advanced by Babel (2011), that the theory of enregisterment provides a nuanced approach to situations of intense language contact-situations in which a complete account of language mixture requires not only an understanding of the linguistic mechanisms involved but also an understanding of the social value of the resulting contact features and the ways in which speakers exploit such value. By drawing on a complicated indexical field, whose social values are rooted in ideologies surrounding complex and paradoxical elements of Correntino identity, speakers deploy Guarani-origin contact features to achieve social ends, something only possible via the process of enregisterment. ...
... Andrade Ciudad (this volume) discusses several uses of verbs of saying to express indirect evidential meanings in the Andean Spanish of Peru and Bolivia. These include, but are not limited to, the reportative/hearsay dizque (see also Babel 2009), as well as evidential extensions of the time adverbial siempre 'always.' The evidential distinctions present in the tense systems of Quechuan and Aymaran languages (cf. ...
