... Achillea millefolium L Flavonoids, monoterpenes, and sesquiterpenes Skin inflammatory and wound healing [375][376][377][378][379] Aloe vera Acemannan (Fig. 11) Wound healing [380,381] Bletilla striata Triterpenoids and polysaccharides Drug delivery, wound dressing, and wound healing [382,383] Blumea balsamifera L-Borneol (Fig. 11) Dermatitis, eczema, skin bruises, and skin injury [384,385] Boswellia sacra Boswellic acids (Fig. 11) Improvement of blood circulation, pain treatment, and rheumatoid arthritis [386][387][388][389] Caesalpinia sappan Brazilin and Sappanchalcone (Fig. 11) Improvement of blood circulation, pain treatment, and oedema [390,391] Calendula officinalis Esculetin, and Quercetin-3-O-glucoside (Fig. 11) Burns, dermatitis, and wound healing [392][393][394] Celosia argentea Celosin I and Celosin II (Fig. 11) Skin sores and ulcers [395,396] Centella asiatica Asiaticoside and Madecassoside (Fig. 11) Wounds healing [397][398][399] Cinnamomum cassia Cinnamaldehyde (Fig. 5) Analgesia and improvement of blood circulation [399,400] Commiphora myrrha Furanoeudesma-1,3-diene and Terpene (Fig. 12) Gastrointestinal diseases, wounds, and pain [401][402][403][404] Curcuma longa Curcuminoids (Fig. 12) Digestive diseases, liver disorders, menstrual difficulties, pain disorders, sprains, and wounds [405,406] Entada phaseoloides Tannin (Fig. 12) Aging, atherosclerosis, cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders [407,408] Ganoderma lucidum Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide Cancer, diabetes, hepatitis, leukaemia, and ulcer [409][410][411][412][413] Ligusticum striatum Phthalide lactones, and alkaloids Antiatherosclerotic, antioxidant, neuroprotective, and vasorelaxant [414][415][416][417][418] Panax ginseng Ginsenosides (Fig. 12) Laser burn, excision wounds models in mice, cell migration, and wound healing assays [419][420][421][422][423][424] Polygonum cuspidatum Emodin, polydatin, and resveratrol ( Fig. 12) Hepatitis, hyperlipidemia. Jaundice, scald, skin burns, and suppurative dermatitis [425][426][427][428] Rheum officinale Emodin (Fig. 12) Chronic kidney disease, hepatitis, and wounds healing [429][430][431] Sanguisorba officinalis Polysaccharides, tannins, triterpenoid glycosides, and triterpenoids Burns, chronic intestinal infections, haemorrhoids, menorrhagia, and scalds [432][433][434] Sophora flavescens Kushenol, and sophoraflavanone B (Fig. 12) Asthma, burns, dysentery, eczema, fever, hematochezia, inflammatory Jaundice, oliguria, and vulvar swelling [435] Wedelia trilobata Kaurenoic acid (Fig. 12) and Luteolin (Fig. 5) Arthritic painful joints, rheumatism, and stubborn wounds [436,437] Zanthoxylum bungeanum Afzelin, hyperoside quercitrin, and rutin ( Fig. 12) Skin wrinkles [438,439] Page 27 of 45 Breijyeh and Karaman Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2024) 10:68 grapefruit, grape, lemon, and EVs were also discovered in the xylem and phloem of woody plants, according to recent investigations [484,485]. ...