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Therapeutic effect of dietary boron supplement on retinoic acid-induced osteoporosis in rats
Abstract
To observe the therapeutic efficacy of dietary boron supplement on retinoic acid-induced osteoporosis in rats, so as to provide experimental evidence for clinical management of osteoporosis with boron.
Thirty-two SD rats were randomized into normal control group (8 rats) and osteoporotic group (24 rats), and osteoporosis was induced in rats of the latter group by intragastric retinoic acid administration at the daily dose of 80 mg/kg for 15 consecutive days. The osteoporotic rats were subdivided into control group (8 rats) without treatment, boron treatment group (8 rats) and estradiol treatment group (8 rats). After 30 days of treatment, the serum contents of Ca, P, boron and the activities of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) in the rats were assayed, the bone mineral density (BMD) of the whole body, lumbar vertebrae and tibia were determined, and the morphological changes of the femurs were observed.
The serum contents of Ca and P in the rats of the 4 groups differed scarcely, but the content of boron in boron treatment group was markedly higher than that in the other three groups. In the osteoporotic control group, the activities of serum AKP and TRAP, the masses of spongy bone and cortical bone of the femurs, and the quantity of the osteoclasts were increased, with the BMD of the lumbar vertebrae and tibia decreased, suggesting osteoporotic conditions. The mean trabecular plate density and thickness, trabecular bone volume and cortical bone volume of the femurs in the osteoporotic rats treated with boron or estradiol were significantly increased, but the active osteoclast quantity in the spongy bone and serum TRAP activities were obviously decreased, and the bone quality was comparable with that of the normal group. In addition, the serum AKP activity and the active osteoblast quantity in the spongy bone were obviously increased in boron treatment group.
The dietary boron supplement can increase the serum content of boron of osteoporotic rats to stimulate bone formation and inhibit bone resorption, producing therefore obvious therapeutical effect against osteoporosis.
... These results can be attributed to the osteoblastic effects of boron. 26,27 BA also interacts with the other significant bone metabolism agents, such as calcium, vitamin D, and magnesium. 20 Histological evaluation was not done in present study, which was a limitation. ...
... Radiographic bone fill was also significant with 0.75% BA. The effects of dietary BA on bone strength have been researched in animals, and studies of BA have shown beneficial effects on bone strength and bone formation.26 The serum content of boron is increased by dietary boron supplements, which stimulate bone formation and inhibit bone resorption in osteoporotic rats, as reported by Xu et al.26 Boron helps in the regulation of osteoblastic ...
... The effects of dietary BA on bone strength have been researched in animals, and studies of BA have shown beneficial effects on bone strength and bone formation.26 The serum content of boron is increased by dietary boron supplements, which stimulate bone formation and inhibit bone resorption in osteoporotic rats, as reported by Xu et al.26 Boron helps in the regulation of osteoblastic ...
Aim:
Boric acid (BA) exhibits antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, as well as osteoblastic, activity. The aim of the present study was to explore the efficacy of 0.75% BA gel as a local drug-delivery system in adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) for the treatment of class II furcation defects in comparison with placebo gel.
Methods:
A total of 48 mandibular class II furcation defects were randomized and treated with either 0.75% BA gel or placebo gel. Clinical parameters were recorded at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months, while radiographic parameters were recorded at baseline and 6 months.
Results:
Greater mean probing depth reduction and mean relative vertical and horizontal clinical attachment level gain were shown to be greater in group 1 than in group 2 at 3 and 6 months. Furthermore, a significantly greater mean percentage of bone fill was found in group 1 (16.98%±1.03%) than in the placebo (2.86%±0.92%) at 6 months.
Conclusion:
The .75% BA group showed significant improvement in clinical parameters compared to placebo gel as an adjunct to SRP. This implies an alternative for treatment of class II furcation.
... The ovariectomized model for osteoporosis should be curtailed due to its longer and more complicated experimental process. Utilizing the side effects of vitamin A of osteoporosis, an osteoporotic rat model can be made (Xu et al., 2006;Lei et al., 2007 andWei et al., 2007). Oxidative stress generated by retinol in vitro was demonstrated (Gimeno et al., 2004 andConte da Frota et al., 2006), but little available data about the oxidative stress of vitamin A in vivo and the effect of different time periods on this osteoporotic model. ...
... The present study revealed a significant increase in the activities of the serum ALAT and ASAT is in accordance with Ha et al. (2006), which may be due to the altered permeability of the hepatocyte membrane which causes leakage of the enzymes from the hepatic cells into circulation (Drotman and Lawhorn, 1978). Additionally, the hypervitaminosis with vitamin A induced rise of both serum and bone alkaline phosphatase activity as a biochemical marker of bone turnover, suggesting osteoporotic condition (Xu et al., 2006;Lei et al., 2007 andWei et al., 2007). The oscalation of the ALP level in vitamin A-induced osteoporosis model of rat was associated with hyperfunctional bone resorption that vicariously enhanced the bone transformation as reported by Wei et al (2007). ...
The present study was undertaken to investigate the oxidative stress of vitamin A as a risk factor of osteoporosis. The osteoporosis was induced by intragastric administration of vitamin A at a daily dose of 80 mg/Kg b.wt. for 7 consecutive days (group 1), 14 consecutive days (group 2) and 21 consecutive days (group 3). Vitamin A administration revealed significant increase in serum ALAT, ASAT and ALP activities. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels was significantly increased in both liver and the femoral bone at the three experimental periods which indicating an oxidative stress. In addition, the data recorded revealed marked decreases in the levels of catalase (CAT) and glutathione reduced (GSH) in the liver and bone tissues in comparison with the corresponding controls. Vitamin A, however, produced time dependant osteoporosis with an appearance of mild effect at the early days of the experiment. Moreover, results of structural bone histomorphometric analysis revealed that vitamin A exerted negative effects on structural trabecular bone parameters by reducing trabecular area (Tb. Ar) and trabecular thickness (Tb. Th), which, is consistent with the significant decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) of the femoral bone. Also, the levels of both Calcium and phosphorus were decreased in both serum and bone. In conclusion, hypervitaminosis A induced an oxidative stress in both liver and bone after the three experimental periods. An osteoporotic rat model was induced after only 7 days rather than 15 days.
... Researchers found that a shortage of boron exacerbated adjuvant arthritis [6], resulted in testicular and ovarian atrophy, increased mortality rate of frog and zebrafish embryos, and impaired development of mouse embryos [2,4,7]. Appropriate amounts of boron were shown to promote bone development, improve bone strength [8], and to enhance growth and productive performance in animals [9,10]. In addition, it was shown to modulate the levels of T3 and T4 [11], which affect insulin and luteinizing hormone levels and affect anti-oxidative function and capacity of DNA against oxidative damage [12,13]. ...
This study demonstrated the mechanisms of boron effects in a rat model and provided a scientific basis for the rational of boron use. These findings were achieved by investigating the effects of boron (10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320, and 640 mg/L in drinking water or 1.5, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 96 mg/kg BW) on rat serum immunoglobulins (IgGs), splenic cytokines, lymphocyte subsets, as well as on lymphocyte proliferation and apoptosis. Addition of 20 (3) and 40 (6) mg/L (mg/kg BW) of boron to drinking water significantly increased rat serum IgG concentrations, splenic IFN-γ and IL-4 expression as well as the number of splenic CD3⁺, CD4⁺ and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)⁺ cells. Supplementation of drinking water with 40 mg/L (6 mg/kg BW) boron also markedly increased splenic IL-2 expression and the CD4⁺/CD8⁺ cell ratio and reduced splenic CD8⁺ cell number. Supplementation with 80 mg/L (12 mg/kg BW) boron significantly increased CD3⁺ and PCNA⁺ cell numbers (P < 0.05) and decreased the IL-10 expression in the spleen. Addition of 320 (48) and 640 (96) mg/L (mg/kg BW) boron markedly reduced the serum IgG concentrations; splenic IL-2 and IL-10 expression; the number of CD3⁺, CD4⁺ and PCNA⁺ cells; and increased the number of splenic CD8⁺ and caspase-3⁺ cells and promoted caspase-3 expression in CD3⁺ cells. In conclusion, these findings suggest that the supplementation of rat drinking water with 20(3) and 40(6) mg/L (mg/kg BW) boron can markedly enhance humoral and cellular immune functions, while boron concentrations above 320 mg/L (48 mg/kg BW) can have an inhibitory effect or even toxicity on immune functions. These results exhibit a U-shaped response characteristic of low and high doses of boron supplementation on immune function and imply that proper boron supplementation in food for humans and animals could be used as an immunity regulator.
... magnesium, potassium, copper and zinc) associated with the formation, differentiation and activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts (7). It has been demonstrated that dietary boron supplements can enhance the serum content of boron to stimulate bone formation and prevent bone resorption in osteoporotic rats (16). In one study, mice fed a boron-deficient diet (0.07 mg/kg) for 9 wk, compared with mice supplemented with a diet containing 3 mg/kg of boron, had a decreased osteoblast surface and an increased quiescent bone-forming surface in both lingual and buccal sides of periodontal alveolar bone (17). ...
The goal of the present study was to evaluate the effects of systemic boric acid on the levels of expression of RANKL and osteoprotegerin (OPG) and on histopathologic and histometric changes in a rat periodontitis model.
Twenty-four Wistar rats were divided into three groups of eight animals each: nonligated (NL); ligature only (LO); and ligature plus treatment with boric acid (BA) (3 mg/kg per day for 11 d). A 4/0 silk suture was placed in a subgingival position around the mandibular right first molars; after 11 d the rats were killed, and alveolar bone loss in the first molars was histometrically determined. Periodontal tissues were examined histopathologically to assess the differences among the study groups. RANKL and OPG were detected immunohistochemically.
Alveolar bone loss was significantly higher in the LO group than in the BA and NL groups (p < 0.05). The number of inflammatory infiltrate and osteoclasts in the LO group was significantly higher than that in the NL and BA groups (p < 0.05). The numbers of osteoblasts in LO and BA groups were significantly higher compared with NL group (p < 0.05). There were significantly more RANKL-positive cells in the LO group than in the BA and NL groups (p < 0.05). There was a higher number of OPG-positive cells in the BA group than in the LO and NL groups (p < 0.05).
The present study shows that systemic administration of boric acid may reduce alveolar bone loss by affecting the RANKL/OPG balance in periodontal disease in rats.
... 28,38 Boron supplementation was found to increase mean trabecular density and thickness, trabecular bone volume, and cortical bone volume of femurs from rats with retinoic-induced osteoporosis. 39 Calcium fructoborate incorporated into margarine was found to improve bone density in 66 of 100 patients with osteoporosis. 40 As a result, it was concluded that calcium fructoborate could be a good adjuvant in the treatment of osteoporosis. ...
Growing evidence from a variety of experimental models shows that boron is a bioactive and beneficial (perhaps essential) element for humans. Reported beneficial actions of boron include arthritis alleviation or risk reduction, bone growth and maintenance, central nervous system function, cancer risk reduction, hormone facilitation, and immune response, inflammation, and oxidative stress modulation. The diverse effects of boron indicate that it influences the formation and/or activity of an entity that is involved in many biochemical processes. Formation of boroesters with the ribose moiety of compounds involved in numerous reactions, such as S-adenosylmethionine and oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) might be the reason for boron bioactivity. Both animal and human data suggest that boron intakes should be >1.0 mg/d. Many people consume less than this amount. Thus, a low boron intake should be considered a health concern, which can be prevented by diets rich in fruits, vegetables, nuts, and pulses.
... It also interacts with the other significant bone metabolism agents, including calcium, vitamin D, and magnesium. 24 According to Xu et al. 25 dietary boron supplements can increase the serum content of boron in osteoporotic rats to stimulate bone formation and inhibit bone resorption, thereby producing obvious therapeutic effects against osteoporosis. Hakkı et al. 12 reported that at the molecular level boron plays important roles in bone metabolism and may provide novel usages in regenerative medicine. ...
The goal of the present study was to evaluate the histopathologic and morphometric effects of systemic boric acid in a rat periodontitis model.
Twenty-four Wistar rats were divided into three groups of eight animals each: non-ligated (NL), ligature only (LO), and ligature and treated with boric acid (BA) (3mg/kg per day for 11 days). A 4/0 silk suture was placed in a subgingival position around the mandibular first molars; after 11 days the rats were sacrificed, and changes in alveolar bone levels were measured clinically and tissues were histopathologically examined to assess the differences amongst the study groups.
The ratio of presence of inflammatory cell infiltration (ICI) and osteoclast number in the LO group was significantly higher than that of the NL and BA groups (p<0.05). The ratio of presence of osteoblastic activity in the LO group was significantly lower than that of the NL and BA groups (p<0.05). Alveolar bone loss was also significantly higher in the LO group compared to the BA and NL groups (p<005).
This study has demonstrated that systemic administration of boric acid reduced periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone loss in periodontal disease in rats.
... It was found that low B diet leads to a number of general health problems and increased cancer risks [32][33][34]. Most common symptoms of B deficiency include arthritis [35,36], memory loss [37,38], osteoporosis [39], degenerative and soft cartilage diseases [40], hormonal disequilibria and drop in libido [41]. The daily uptake of B varies depending on food selection, the use of some specific personal products and the B content of water. ...
In the last few years boron (B) compounds became increasingly frequent in the chemotherapy of some forms of cancer with high malignancy and of inoperable cancers. As more B-based therapy chemicals are developed it is necessary to review the correlation between B and the incidence of different forms of cancer, the biochemical and molecular mechanisms influenced by B and to explore the relevance of B in the chemoprevention of cancer. This minireview analyzes dietary and therapeutic principles based on the chemistry of B compounds. We summarize studies correlating B-rich diets or B-rich environments with regional risks of specific forms of cancers, and studies about the utilization of natural and synthetic B-containing compounds as anticancer agents. We review mechanisms where B-containing compounds interfere with the physiology and reproduction of cancer cells. Types of cancers most frequently impacted by B-containing compounds include prostate, breast, cervical and lung cancer. Mechanisms involving B activity on cancer cells are based on the inhibition of a variety of enzymatic activities, including serine proteases, NAD-dehydrogenases, mRNA splicing and cell division, but also receptor binding mimicry, and the induction of apoptosis. Boron-enriched diets resulted in significant decrease in the risk for prostate and cervical cancer, and decrease in lung cancer in smoking women. Boron-based compounds show promising effects for the chemotherapy of specific forms of cancer, but due to specific benefits should also be included in cancer chemopreventive strategies.
BORON İN ENDUSTRY AND HEALTH
Aim:
Borinic acid quinoline esters are a recently-identified class of new antibacterial and anti-inflammatory compounds known to inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption. They have proposed to have osteostimulative properties by causing osteoblast differentiation in vivo and in vitro. The purpose of this double-masked, randomized, controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the effects of the subgingival delivery of boric acid gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) on clinical and radiographic parameters, and compare this method with SRP plus placebo gel alone in chronic periodontitis (CP) patients.
Methods:
Thirty-nine systemically-healthy patients with CP were included in the present study. They were divided into two groups: (a) SRP + 0.75% boric acid gel (BA group); and (b) SRP + placebo gel (placebo group). At baseline, 3 and 6 months after treatment, clinical measurements, including plaque index, modified sulcus bleeding index, probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), intrabony defect depth, and percentage change in radiographic defect depth reduction (DDR%) as radiographic parameters were assessed.
Results:
The mean PD reduction and mean CAL gain were greater in the BA group than the placebo group at 3 and 6 months. A significantly greater mean percentage of radiographic DDR% was found in the BA group (36.97±3.47%) compared to the placebo group (2.88±0.89%) after 6 months.
Conclusion:
BA as an adjunct to SRP can provide a new insight into therapeutic strategies for the management of CP, but further clinical evaluations are needed.
Objectives: Research has shown that Boron (B) may be an essential dietary component for
animals and humans. The goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of systemic boric
acid administration on periodontal tissues of rabbits with induced periodontitis using alkaline
phosphatase activity as a marker of bone turnover.
Materials and methods: Eighteen white adult male New Zealand rabbits were divided into
three groups of six animals each: group I non-ligated passive control, group II ligated only and
group III ligated and fed on Boron (3 mg/kg per day for 4 weeks). A 4/0 silk suture was placed in
subgingival position around the neck of the first premolars; after 4 weeks the rabbits were sacrificed
and the tissues were examined histologically and immunohistochemically to detect changes of
alkaline phosphatase enzyme (ALP) used to evaluate alveolar bone development and stimulation.
Results: The mean area percentage for ALP reached 5.7% in group I versus 20.7% in group II
(p=0.03) and 35% in group III (p=0.007). The ALP immunostaining was found to be significantly
higher in group II than group I and significantly higher in group III than group I (p=0.007).
Conclusions: This study has demonstrated that systemic administration of boric acid reduced
periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone loss in induced periodontitis in rabbits.
BackgroundA novel soy protein aggregate enriched with isoflavones (SPA-IS), the mixture of soy protein and isoflavones (Mix), the isoflavones (IS), and the soy protein were obtained to investigate the preventive effects on osteoporosis (OP) induced by retinoic acid (RA) in Kunming (KM) mice.ResultsThe serum osteocalcin (s-BGP) levels in the Mix and SPA-IS groups decreased compared with the model group (the RA-induced OP mice) (p < 0.05). The trabecular analysis results prove the increased preventive effect of the SPA-IS group over the Mix group, the IS group, and the soy protein group. The results of both left tibial maximum load and the 4th lumbar structural strength differ between the IS and the SPA-IS groups.Conclusion
The SPA-IS exhibited obvious estrogenic activities on RA-induced OP in KM mice compared to Mix, IS, and soy protein. The results suggest that it is potential for use of SPA-IS in treatment of OP induced by intake of RA. The improvement of bone indicators might be attributed to the formation of aggregate particles and the improvement of IS solubility.
The effect of local pH on bone regeneration has never been properly studied or discussed. However, using a microelectrode, the pH on the surface of implant materials, rather than in the bulk, is measurable so that the biological response based on the local environment can be studied. It was found that the osteoblast viability was significantly enhanced with an increase of pH, to an optimum level at pH 8–8.5; in contrast, the activity fell markedly below pH 6. The effect of strontium on osteoblast proliferation was further increased at pH 8, suggesting a possible new approach for enhancing its activity in the treatment of osteoporosis. No stimulation of osteoblast proliferation was found for boron at normal physiological pH but, surprisingly, such an effect was found at pH 8.5. For the degradation of strontium-doped borosilicate, the ambient alkaline pH not only enhanced the activity of strontium and boron, but also facilitated the nucleation of apatite, as indicated by the newly formed bony tissue. Consequently, appropriately designed biomaterials, which create such an ideal ambient alkaline environment for bone regeneration, may be crucial aspects for bone substitutes.
The effect on bone tissue of beta-ecdysterone, a type of ecdysteroid found in many plants, has not been previously investigated. In this study, we found that beta-ecdysterone treatment significantly induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in mesenchymal stem cells in a dose-dependent manner. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed that Runx2, osteocalcin, and type I collagen expression also increased. ICI182780, a specific estrogen receptor antagonist, inhibited the upregulation of ALP activity. Moreover, beta-ecdysterone promoted estrogen receptor (ER) reporter gene activity; however, ICI182780 reversed its effect, suggesting that beta-ecdysterone has stimulatory effects on osteogenic differentiation via the ER. Furthermore, beta-ecdysterone alleviated osteoporosis symptoms in a mouse model without obvious side effects. Therefore beta-ecdysterone may be a promising candidate drug for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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