Article

# Application of Response Surface Methodology for Optimization of Lead Biosorption in an Aqueous Solution by Aspergillus niger

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Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Imam Reza Street, P.O. Box 46414-356, Noor, Iran.
(Impact Factor: 4.53). 07/2008; 154(1-3):694-702. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.10.114
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT

Response surface methodology was applied to optimize the removal of lead ion by Aspergillus niger in an aqueous solution. Experiments were conducted based on a rotatable central composite design (CCD) and analyzed using response surface methodology (RSM). The biosorption process was investigated as a function of three independent factors viz. initial solution pH (2.8-7.2), initial lead concentration (8-30 mg/l) and biomass dosage (1.6-6 g/l). The optimum conditions for the lead biosorption were found to be 3.44, 19.28 mg/l and 3.74 g/l, respectively, for initial solution pH, initial lead ion concentration and biomass dosage. Lead biosorption capacity on dead A. niger fungal biomass was enhanced by pretreatment using NaOH. Under these conditions, maximum biosorption capacity of the biomass for removal of lead ions was obtained to 96.21%. The desirability function was used to evaluate all the factors and response in the biosorption experiments in order to find an optimum point where the desired conditions could be obtained. The A. niger particles with clean surface and high porosity may have application as biosorbent for heavy metal removal from wastewater effluents.

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Available from: Farshid Ghorbani
• "This methodology can be used in developing suitable treatment technology considering the effects of operational conditions on the removal process. In recent years, RSM has been applied to optimize and assess interactive effects of independent parameters in various chemical and biochemical procedures [17] [18] [19]. This paper reports on chitosan, containing new functional groups in order to increase the density of adsorption sites. "
##### Article: Optimization of lead removal from aqueous solution using goethite/chitosan nanocomposite by response surface methodology
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ABSTRACT: This work investigates goethite/chitosan nanocomposites for their use in lead removal from aqueous solutions. Goethite nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized by FTIR, DLS, and SEM. Goethite nanoparticles were identified as nanospheres with the average diameter of 10–60 nm. The optimum conditions were determined using response surface methodology (RSM) based on three-variable-threelevel Box–Behnken design (BBD). The effects ofthree variables, i.e., initial solution pH, adsorbent mass and initial concentration of Pb(II) ions on the removal efficiency for Pb(II) ions were evaluated. The optimal conditions for the lead removal were found to be 6, 0.05 g, and 74.4 mg/L, for the initial solution pH, adsorbent mass and the initial concentration of Pb(II)ions, respectively. Under these conditions, maximum lead removal efficiency was obtained to 98.26% that was in respectable agreement with the model (97.19%). The modified quadratic model exhibited excellent stability for Pb(II) adsorption by goethite/chitosan nanocomposite. The results of adsorption study by goethite/chitosan nanocomposite revealed that Pb(II) uptake was enhanced by chitosan film using goethite nanoparticles.
No preview · Article · Nov 2015 · Colloids and Surfaces A Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects
• "Most of the previous studies tested one-factor-at-a-time on the biosorption process. However, few studies examined three or four parameters and their interaction on the process using the factorial experimental design (e.g.: Fawzy, 2007; Amini et al., 2008; Hegazy et al., 2011; Siyal et al., 2012; Calero et al.,2013). This design is employed to define the most important factors affecting the metal removal efficiency as well as how the effect of one factor varies with the level of the other factors (Montgomery, 2001; Abdel-Ghani et al., 2009). "
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ABSTRACT: In this research, dead leaves of a common ornamental plant, Dracaena draca known also as dragon tree was used as a biosorbent for the removal of Cadmium (Cd(2+)) from aqueous solutions using a full 2(3) factorial experimental design. Three factors were investigated at two different levels, metal ion concentration (X=10 and 100ppm), hydrogen ion concentration (pH=2 and 7) and biomass dose (BD=0.1 and 0.5g). Experiments were carried out in duplicates with 50 ml of Cd(2+) solutions at room temperature. When comparing observed values (experimental) with calculated values (model), they were set closely together that allowed suggesting a normal distribution where (R(2) =0.9938). A characterization of the biosorbent was done by pHzpc and SEM-EDAX. Results also showed that the most significant effect for Cd(2+) biosorption was ascribed to (X). The interaction effects of (pH BD) and (X pH) were found to have significant influence on Cd(2+) removal efficiency. The highest Cd(2+) removal percentage attained by 79.60% at X=10 ppm, pH=7 and BD=0.5g. The reusability of the biosorbent was tested in three desorption cycles and the regeneration efficiency was above 99.7%.
No preview · Article · Sep 2015 · International Journal of Phytoremediation
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• "Advanced technologies for industrialization and urbanization have substantially contributed to environmental degradation, with the aquatic environment greatly affected, through the discharge of industrial wastewaters and domestic wastes (Senthilkumar et al. 2000; Amini et al. 2008). The residual dyes from different sources such as textile, paper and pulp, dye and dye intermediates, pharmaceutical , tannery and kraft bleaching industries are considered as organic coloured pollutants (Rajgopalan 1995; Routh 1998; Kolpin et al. 2000; Ali and Sreekrishnan 2001). "
##### Article: Kinetics, isothermal and thermodynamics studies of electrocoagulation removal of basic dye rhodamine B from aqueous solution using steel electrodes
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ABSTRACT: Electrocoagulation was used for the removal of basic dye rhodamine B from aqueous solution, and the process was carried out in a batch electrochemical cell with steel electrodes in monopolar connection. The effects of some important parameters such as current density, pH, temperature and initial dye concentration, on the process, were investigated. Equilibrium was attained after 10 min at 30 °C. Pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich and Avrami kinetic models were used to test the experimental data in order to elucidate the kinetic adsorption process; pseudo-first-order and Avrami models best fitted the data. Experimental data were analysed using six model equations: Langmuir, Freudlinch, Redlich–Peterson, Temkin, Dubinin–Radushkevich and Sips isotherms and it was found that the data fitted well with Sips isotherm model. The study showed that the process depends on current density, temperature, pH and initial dye concentration. The calculated thermodynamics parameters ($$\Delta G^\circ ,\;\Delta H^\circ \;{\text{and}}\;\Delta S{^\circ }$$) indicated that the process is spontaneous and endothermic in nature.
Full-text · Article · Sep 2015