... or to intervene 'for good' in otherwise seemingly inefficient, ineffective, inequitable, incomplete and incomprehensible organisational and social systems (Beer, 1984;Best & Holmes, 2010;Bowers, 2011;Brocklesby & Cummings, 1996;Checkland, 1981Checkland, , 1985Checkland, , 1999Churchman, 1968;Dias, 2010;Espinosa et al., 2011;Flood, 1998Flood, , 2001Flood, 2010;Flood & Carson, 1988;Flood & Romm, 1996a;Forrester, 1994b;Francescato, 1992;Gregory, 2000;Gunderson & Holling, 2002;Jackson, 1991bJackson, , 2000Jackson, , 2001Jackson, , 2003Jackson, , 2009Jackson & Keys, 1984;Kapsali, 2011;Kartowisastro & Kijima, 1994;Kay & Halpin, 1999;Klein, 2016b;Manuel-Navarrete, 2001;McDaniel, 2007;Midgley, 1992bMidgley, , 1997aMidgley, , 2000Midgley, , 2003aMidgley & Ochoa-Arias, 2004;Midgley & Shen, 2007;Mingers & Brocklesby, 1997;Piers & Brent, 2007;Pratt et al., 1999;Romm, 1996;Rubenstein-Montano et al., 2001;Shen & Midgley, 2007a, 2007bSnowden & Boone, 2007;Ulrich, 1987Ulrich, , 1988Ulrich, , 2017Ulrich & Reynolds, 2010;Williams & Hummelbrunner, 2009;Williams & Imam, 2007). Our urge to 'act-for-good' comes in many guises -described (perhaps even justified) variously as improvements, efficiencies, effectiveness, emancipation, ethical practice, progress, development, sustainability, etc. ...