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40 AYU | Jan-Mar 2011 | Vol 32 | Issue 1
Clinical Research
Observations on Vamana procedure in healthy volunteers
Bharti Gupta1, S. C. Mahapatra2, Renu Makhija3, Adarsh Kumar4, Nikhil Jirankalgikar5, M. M. Padhi6,
Ramesh Babu Devalla7
1Assistant Director (Ay), Central Council for Research in Ayurveda and Siddha, Janakpuri, 2Department of
Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 3Assistant Director (Path.), CRIA, 4Assistant Director (Ay),
Deputed to Department of AYUSH, MH&FW, New Delhi 5Research Scientist, RMD Research and Development
Centre, Wagandhara Village, Dist. Valsad, Gujarat, 6Deputy Director (Tech.),CCRAS, 7Director General, CCRAS,
New Delhi, India
Abstract
Vamana Karma is one of the ve Pradhana Karmas of Panchakarma which is successfully used
in treating Kaphaj disorders. Panchakarma is also indicated in healthy states. (C.Su. 16/13-16)
for Shodhana. Textual references are available in Ayurvedic classics, but the procedure needs
to be validated in the modern times when Ahara Shakti, Bala and Agni of the individuals have
decreased considerably. So the effect of procedure was observed in 30 healthy volunteers
of age group 18 to 60 years. Lakshanik, Vaigiki, Maniki and Antiki Shuddhi were observed and
vomitus was analyzed macroscopically, microscopically and chemically.
Key words: Agni, Ahara Shakti, Bala, Kaphaj disorders, Panchakarma, Shodhana, Vamana Karma
Address for correspondence: Dr. Bharti Gupta,
Asst. Director (Ayu), CCRAS, New Delhi, India.
E‑mail: drbharti2@gmail.com, Mob: +91‑9868109737
Introduction
Panchakarma is an important component of Ayurvedic
treatment, which eliminates vitiated doshas from the body.
Vamana, a Pradhana karma of Panchakarma, is an important
Samshodhana procedure (bio-cleansing method) recommended
for cleansing of bahudoshas.
vfoikdksv:fp LFkkSY;a ikaMqrk xkSjoa oye%A
fiMdk dksB daMwuka laHkoksvjfrjso pA
vkyL; Je nkScZY;a nkSxZa/;eolknd%A
‘ys”efiRr leqRDys’kks funzkuk’kksvfrfunzrk A
ranzkDySC;ecqf)Roe’kLr LoIun’kZuaA
cyo.kZ iz.kk’k’p r`I;rks ca`g.kSjfiA
cgqnks”kL; fyaxkfu rLeS la’kks/kua fgraAA
p- lw- 16 /13-16[1]
In modern times, Ahara, Agni, Bala and Vyayama Shakti of
the individuals have diminished considerably. So it is worthy
to observe the Vamana procedure in modern times in normal
healthy individuals.
;qxs ;qxs /keZikn% Øes.kkusu gzh;rsA
xq.kikn’p Hkwrkukesoa yksd% izyh;rsAA
p- fo- 3@25[2]
AYU Access this article online
Website: www.ayujournal.org
DOI: 10.4103/0974-8520.85723
Quick Response Code:
Thus keeping in view the above facts, the intake and output
of fluid, the vegas of Vamana, the duration of the procedure
(Vaigiki shuddhi, Antiki Shuddhi, Maniki shuddhi etc.) were
studied in the present study.
Materials and Methods
The present study was carried out at Ayurveda Central Research
Institute, Delhi in collaboration with Dept. of Physiology,
AIIMS on 30 apparently healthy volunteers between the age
group of 18 and 60 years.
Inclusion criteria
• Apparentlyhealthy volunteers
• Agegroup: 18yearsto60 years
Exclusion criteria
• Patients of hypertension, diabetes, renal diseases, peptic
ulcer, jaundice, acute infections, dehydration and
other chronic diseases which are contraindicated for
Vamana Karma as detected by clinical history/investigations.
• Agegroup: Less than18yearsand morethan60 years
• Patientswithlactose intolerance
• Pregnant/lactatingwomen
Procedure adopted
Volunteers’ written consent in Hindi was taken and information
about the study was provided in information sheets on the
'0' day. Physical examination along with physiological parameters
assessment was done before, during and after Vamana. Routine
haematological investigations were done before Vamana to
exclude underlying pathology, if any.
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AYU | Jan-Mar 2011 | Vol 32 | Issue 1 41
Gupta, et al.: Observations on Vamana procedure
SOP for Snehapana
For the procedure, apparently healthy individuals were subjected
to Snehapana with slightly warm non-medicated mother dairy
ghee in milk or Khichari or dalia in the morning for three to
seven consecutive days till complete Snehana was achieved
since most of the volunteers were not ready to take Acchha
Snehapana (A.H.Su.16/16).[3] Sneha was given in following
doses:
First day - 50 ml
Second day - 100 ml
Third day - 150 ml
Fourth day - 200 ml, and so on, not beyond seven days
Snehapana was continued for minimum three to maximum
seven days as per the digestive capacity (Agnibala) of the
volunteers in increasing doses. Some Mridukoshthi or Sukumara
Prakriti volunteers were not able to take 50, 100 and 150 ml
Ghrita as they complained of nausea, loose motion, heaviness
and loss of appetite. In such volunteers, the dose of Snehapana
was given up to their tolerance and recorded. However, in
normal conditions, the appearance of fats in the stool was
considered as the end-point of the Snehapana procedure
(Samyak Snigdha Lakshanas).[4]
After Snehapana, the volunteers were given Abhyanga for 15
or 20 minutes (with Mahanarayna taila IMPCL). Duration
of massage was decided according to Ahara-Shakti and
Vyayama-Shakti of the volunteers. Thereafter, Bashpa swedana
(plain water steam) was given for 10-15 min (according to the
bala of the volunteers). Most of the volunteers were given
Kapha bahula diet on the day prior to Vamana e.g. daliya or
kheer.
On the Vamana day in the morning, the volunteers were
given Madhuyashti Kwatha mixed with equal quantity of
boiled and cooled (37-40°C temperature) milk up to patient’s
satisfaction. The 2-4 g Madanphala (beej-majja powder) with
honey was given for licking. Usually, the patients started
instantaneous vomiting or vomiting within 15-20 min after the
completion of the fluid intake. The emesis continued in bouts.
The vomitus of first bout, second bout, third bout and so on
was collected in separate graduated plastic transparent jars.
The physical and chemical examinations were carried out on
vomitus. The details of vamaka dravya studied are given in the
Tables 1-5.
Analysis and TLC of Madhuyashti choorna and Madanphala
choorna were done.
SOP for preparation of Madhuyashti Kwatha
The 60 to 75 g of coarse Madhuyashti (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root
was boiled with 3 l of water to leave Chaturthamsha i.e. 750
to 1000 ml of decoction. This decoction was added to equal
quantity of boiled and cooled mother dairy full cream milk.
Saindhava salt 5 g was added to this mixture.
Paschat Karma
Complications if any were managed and recorded. Emergency
medicine and ORS was kept ready to deal with any emergency.
The patient was advised to take Shikanji (i.e. water 250 ml,
sugar 25 g, lemon half and salt 2 g) after some time so as to
provide natural ORS and instant energy. Later Khichari (thin
gruel made with moong daal and rice) was given at Ahara Kala.
On the next Ahara Kala, normal Khichari was given. Adequate
rest was advised to the patient. After one to two days, the
volunteers switched on to normal diet.
Table 3: Mahanarayana Taila used
Parameters
Iodine value 100.85
Saponication value 182.21
Acid value 3.15
Refractive index 1.4661
Moisture content 0.355% w/w
Microbial contamination
Total bacterial count Nil
Total fungal count 3.3 × 103
Enterobacteriaceae Nil
Salmonella species Nil
Staphylococcus Nil
Table 4: Honey
Parameter
Reducing sugars (% w/w) 76.39
Total sugars (% w/w) 79.15
Loss on drying at 102°C (%w/w) 16.4
Table 5: Saindhava lavana
Parameter
pH (10% of aqueous solution) 6.9
Bulk density 0.83
Tap density 1.25
Loss on drying at 105°C 0.27
Ash content (% w/w) 98.41
Acid insoluble ash (%w/w) 3.69
Water soluble extractive (%w/w) 95.89
Estimation of sodium by ame photometer (%w/w) 41
Table 2: Details of ghee (mother dairy) used
Nutritional information per 100 g
Energy 896 Kcal
Protein 0 g
Carbohydrate 0 g
Fat 99.5 g
Table 1: Details of milk (full cream – mother dairy) used
Nutritional information per 100 ml
Energy 89 Kcal
Protein 3.3 g
Carbohydrate 5.1 g
Fat 6.2 g
Calcium 150 mg
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42 AYU | Jan-Mar 2011 | Vol 32 | Issue 1
Gupta, et al.: Observations on Vamana procedure
Observations
The Vaigiki Shuddhi (number of bouts), Antiki Shuddhi (end
point of Vamana) and Maniki Shuddhi (volume of vomitus
in each bout) and Lakshanik Shuddhi (symptoms of proper
cleansing) were assessed.
Macroscopic examination of Vomitus included quantity, colour,
consistency, pH, specific gravity, presence of mucus and blood
in the vomitus. The vomitus was microscopically examined for
the presence of RBCs, WBCs, epithelial cells and parasites etc.
Chemical examination of vomitus included presence of bile
salts, bile pigments and proteins.
It was observed that all the volunteers consumed 50 ml of ghee on
first day. 11 volunteers consumed 50 ml of ghee on day II while 19
volunteers consumed 100 ml of ghee on day II. On day III, only
six volunteers could consume 150 ml of ghee while 13 volunteers
consumed 100 ml of ghee each as shown in the table. None of the
volunteer could take ghee on day IV [Chart 1, Table 6].
The maximum time of Abhyanga (taken by seven volunteers)
was 20 min and minimum time of Abhyanga (taken by
23 volunteers) was 15 min.
The maximum time of Svedana (taken by eight volunteers) was
15 min and minimum time of Svedana (taken by 22 volunteers)
was 10 min [Table 7].
In 66.7% of the volunteers, Snehapana was stopped due to the
appearance of fats in the stools i.e. sticky stools as observed by the
volunteers. However, in some volunteers, Snehapana was stopped
because of loss of appetite, heaviness, nausea or both [Table 8].
It was observed that maximum no. of volunteers (27)
consumed the fluid (milk and Madhuyashti Kwatha) within
5 min. Maximum time taken to consume fluid was 15 min and
minimum time required to consume fluid was 1.1 min [Table 9].
It has been observed that 23 volunteers (76.67%) initiated the
Vamana procedure within 0-4 min. The maximum time taken
by the volunteers for initiation of Vamana after fluid intake was
10.45 min [Table 10].
The minimum time required to vomit the fluid was 3.02 min while
the maximum time required to vomit was 31 min [Table 11].
Table 6: Quantity of ghee intake by volunteers during
Snehapana
Quantity of ghee (in ml) No. of subjects
Day I Day II Day III
50 30 11 9
75 0 0 2
100 0 19 13
150 0 0 6
Total 30 30 30
Table 7: Time (in min) of Abhyanga and Svedana
before Vamana
No. of subjects Time
(in min)
Abhyanga Svedana
‑ 22 10
23 8 15
7 0 20
30 30 Total
Table 8: Symptoms to end Snehapana
End point of Snehapana No. of subjects Percentage
Appearance of fats in the
stools
20 66.7
Heaviness 2 6.7
Nausea 1 3.3
Heaviness and nausea (both) 4 13.3
Loss of appetite 3 10.0
Total 30 100.0
Table9:Durationofuidintakeinvolunteersduring
Vamana procedure
Durationofuidintakeinminutes No. of subjects
1–5 27
5–10 2
10–15 0
15–20 1
Total 30
Table 10: Time taken for Vamana initiation
Time taken for Vamana initiation in
minutes
No. of subjects
0–4 23
4–8 3
8–12 4
Total 30
Table 11: Duration of Vamana process after drug
intake
Duration of Vamana process in minutes No. of subjects
3–13 21
13–23 8
23–33 1
Total 30
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Snehapanam (Mother Dairy Ghee in ml)
Subject
Day I
Day II
Day III
123456789
10
11
12
13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 2122 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Chart 1: Line diagram showing the quantity of ghee intake on
day I, day II and day III
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AYU | Jan-Mar 2011 | Vol 32 | Issue 1 43
Gupta, et al.: Observations on Vamana procedure
In maximum number of volunteers (66.7%), the Vamana
procedure finished with Pitta (bile) in the vomitus. In 33.3% of
volunteers, the Vamana procedure ended with Kapha (mucus)
in the vomitus [Table 12].
The minimum number of bouts of Vamana was 2, while the
maximum number of bouts was 4. However, the sub-bouts
ranged from 4 to 8, as shown in Table 13.
1. Maniki Shuddhi (quantity of vomitus) as observed during
Vamana procedure
In first bout, maximum quantity of vomitus was 900 ml.
In second bout, the maximum quantity of vomitus was 900 ml.
In third bout, the maximum quantity of vomitus was 350 ml.
In forth bout, the maximum quantity of vomitus was 300 ml.
It has also been observed that maximum quantities of vomitus
came out during first and second bouts [Chart 2].
Among 30 volunteers so studied, the maximum quantity of
fluid taken was 2500 ml while maximum quantity of fluid
output was 1700 ml. In all the volunteers, the intake of the
fluid was a little more than the output [Table 14, Chart 3].
Examination of vomitus
(a) Macroscopic examination of the vomitus
Color : Whitish in the first bout
Yellowish in the subsequent bouts
Consistency : Initially clear
Shows precipitation after standing
pH : 6-6.5
Specific gravity : 1.03
Mucus : Present in all bouts
Absent in few
Blood : Absent in all samples
(b) Microscopic examination of the vomitus
Table 12: Antiki Shuddhi as observed at the end of
Vamana in volunteers
Symptoms at the end
point of Vamana
No. of subjects Percentage
Kaphanta (mucus at end) 10 33.3
Pittanta (bile at end) 20 66.7
Total 30 100.0
Table 13: Vaigiki Shuddhi (number of bouts and
sub-bouts) as observed during Vamana procedure
Frequency of
major bouts
Frequency of
sub-bouts
Total no.
of Vegas
3 3, 3, 2 8
3 2, 1, 2 5
4 2, 1, 2, 1 6
3 2, 3, 1 6
2 2, 2 4
2 3, 2 5
3 2, 3, 1 6
2 2, 2 4
4 2, 1, 1, 2 6
3 3, 2, 1 6
2 2, 1, 2 5
3 2, 2, 2 6
3 2, 2, 1 5
4 2, 2, 1, 2 7
3 2, 2, 2 6
4 2, 1, 2, 1 6
3 2, 2, 2 6
4 2, 2, 2, 1 7
3 2, 1, 1 4
3 2, 2, 2 6
4 1, 2, 1, 1 5
3 1, 2, 1, 1 5
3 3, 1, 2 6
3 2, 2, 1 5
3 1, 2, 1 4
3 2, 3, 1 6
3 2, 2, 1 5
2 2, 1, 2 5
3 2, 2, 2 6
4 1, 2, 2, 1 6
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
Quantity of Vomitus in ml
Subject
123456789
10
11
12
13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Bout I
Bout II
Bout III
Bout IV
Chart 2: Line diagram showing the quantity of vomitus in various
bouts
Subject
123456789
10
11
12
13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
Quantity of medicated Fluid in ml
31
Intake
Output
Chart3:Linediagramshowingthequantityofmedicateduid
intake and output
Table14:Quantityofmedicateduidintakeandoutput
Quantityofuid Mean
Maximum intake in ml 2500 1486
Maximum output in ml 1700 879.33
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44 AYU | Jan-Mar 2011 | Vol 32 | Issue 1
Gupta, et al.: Observations on Vamana procedure
RBCs : Absent
WBCs : Absent
Epithelial cells : Absent
Parasites : Absent
(c) Chemical examination of the vomitus
Bile salts : Present
Bile pigments : Detected in some samples
Proteins : 10-30 mg
Samyak Shuddhi Lakshanas as observed in the volunteers
after Vamana:
1. Vatanulomana (passage of flatus)
2. Lightness of precordium
3. Lightness of the body
4. Happiness
5. Weakness
In 23.3% of the volunteers, all the above five Lakshanas were
observed after Vamana. In 33.3% of volunteers, four of these
Lakshanas were present. In rest of the volunteers, two to three of
these Lakshanas were observed. Vatanulomana (passage of flatus)
and lightness of the body were the most common Lakshanas
observed in the volunteers after Vamana [Table 15].
In the present study, only one volunteer developed Bhrama
(giddiness). No other complications were observed as such.
Discussion
Panchakarma procedures are in vogue since the practice of
Ayurveda. With the changes in Ahara, Agni, Bala and Vyayama
Shakti of the individuals in modern times, it has been important
to validate the procedures. The present study was carried out
on 30 apparently healthy volunteers, between the age group of
18 to 60 years to observe the Vamana procedure.
Volunteers with lactose intolerance were excluded as milk was
used in this study. The pregnant and lactating mothers were
also excluded from the study because of physiological variations
and specified do’s and don’ts for them.
It was planned to give Snehapana in increasing doses (50 ml,
100 ml, 150 ml and so on) till the appearance of Samyak Snigdha
Lakshanas (i.e. fats in the stool). However, no volunteer was
forced to take ghee as per the decided schedule as some of them
had to stop Snehapana or reduce its doses due to symptoms of
nausea, heaviness or loss of appetite. No volunteer could tolerate
Snehapana beyond three days. Ghee was given with Daliya or milk
in the morning since none of the volunteers was ready to take
ghee only (Accha Snehapana) in this study area. Bahya Snehana
(Abhyanga) with Mahanarayana taila (the common Vatahara
oil) was given for 15-20 min and Svedana (plain steam bath) was
given for 10-15 min (as per the tolerance of the patients).
The volunteers were advised to remain empty stomach on the
morning of the Vamana day. Very few volunteers who were
having Sukumara Prakriti or could not withstand hunger were
allowed to take 100 ml of milk in the morning.
As observed in this study, maximum time taken to consume
fluid was 15 min, maximum time required for initiation
of Vamana procedure after fluid intake was 10.45 min and
maximum duration of expelling vomitus was 31 min. In
maximum number of volunteers, the Vamana procedure was
Pittanta (ending with bilious vomitus) which shows ideal
Vamana as per the texts. However, in some volunteers (where
Kapha accumulation or Kapha obstruction was more) - it was
Kaphanta. The Vamana Vegas ranged from 4 to 8 in number.
Quantity of medicated fluid intake ranged from 800 ml minimum
to 2500 ml maximum (average 1486 ml). Quantity of total fluid
output ranged from 250 ml minimum to 1700 ml maximum
(average 879.33 ml). Total quantity of the fluid expelled was lesser
than the total quantity of fluid taken. This is because the maximum
volunteers were empty stomach. When the volunteer is administered
fluid for Vamana, part of it is digested and absorbed from the gut.
Only the fluid which is more than the digestive capacity or which
is causing extra stress on GIT is expelled out. However, due to
variations in reverse peristalsis and force of ejection during bouts,
the intake output ratio varies from person to person.
Examination of vomitus included macroscopic, microscopic and
chemical examinations.
Under the macroscopic examination, colour, consistency, pH,
specific gravity, presence of mucus and blood were examined in
the vomitus. The colour of the vomitus was found whitish (due
to milk) in first bout and yellowish (bile mixed) in subsequent
bouts. The vomitus was initially clear, but precipitated after
standing due to milk caseine. The pH of the vomitus was found
to be 6 to 6.5. (the acidic pH neutralized up to some extent by
milk). Specific gravity of the vomitus was found to be 1.025 to
1.030. Mucus was present in almost all bouts, especially in first
and second bouts. Blood was not present in any of the samples.
The microscopic examination of the vomitus was done for
presence of RBCs, WBCs, epithelial cells and parasites which
were found absent in all the samples.
The chemical examination of vomitus was done for bile salts,
bile pigments and proteins. Bile salts were present in all the
samples. Bile pigments were detected in some samples. Proteins
in vomitus ranged from 10 to 30 mg/dl.
As per the texts, the Samyak Shuddhi Lakshnas as observed in
the volunteers after Vamana were-
• Vatanulomana (passage of flatus)
• Lightnessof precordium
• Lightnessof thebody
• Happiness
• Weakness
In 56.6% of the volunteers, 4 to 5 Lakshanas were observed
after Vamana.
In the present study, only one volunteer developed Bhrama
(giddiness) in whom there was a fall in serum electrolyte levels;
however with ORS for two days, the symptom was settled. No
other complications were observed as such in other volunteers.
Volunteers were given Shikanji after 1 h of Vamana (oral rehydration
solution) followed by thin Khichari (rice and moong dal) and then
thick Khichari or Daliya (as per the choice of the volunteers).
Table 15: Upadravas observed at the end of Vamana
in volunteers
Upadrava
(complications)
No. of subjects Percentage
No 29 96.7
Yes 1 3.3
Total 30 100.0
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AYU | Jan-Mar 2011 | Vol 32 | Issue 1 45
Gupta, et al.: Observations on Vamana procedure
Shikanji and Khichari were the maximum accepted and well digested
diet after Vamana. Maximum volunteers preferred Samsarjana
Krama of shorter duration i.e. 24 h (2-3 Ahara Kalas).
The samshodhana Chikitsa (bio-cleansing therapy) of Ayurveda,
which includes Panchakarma treatment, basically intends
to eliminate the toxic elements from the body and thereby
enhances the immunity of the body. The toxic products of
body metabolism can be broadly divided into water soluble,
fat soluble and volatile substances. The volatile substances like
carbon dioxide can easily be removed from the body through
lungs. While there are number of mechanisms available to get
rid of the water soluble toxic materials through kidney, sweat
and other body secretions, removal of fat-soluble toxic materials
is very difficult and only liver can play a small role. Hence it
is likely that, there would be accumulation of fat-soluble toxic
products in the body. Liberal use of oil and ghee in various
Panchakarma procedures makes it possible to eliminate these fat
soluble toxic products. In modern day medicine, we understand
that molecules move from higher concentration to lower
concentration when separated by a diffusible membrane. The
skin and the mucus membrane provide an excellent opportunity
for this manoeuvre. While skin of an average adult only provides
a surface area of less than 2 m2, the gastrointestinal tract is
many meters long with a highly permeable mucus membrane.
The mucus membrane of gut has many folds and projections
in the form of villi and microvilli, which help to increase the
total exchange area, equivalent to a tennis court. Various
Panchakarma procedures like Vamana (therapeutic emesis),
Virechana (therapeutic purgation) and Anuvasana (medicated oil
enema) use oil liberally, thereby removing toxic fat-soluble waste
materials. Prior to the five Pradhana Karmas (main procedures),
Svedana procedure using hot steam increases the local skin blood
flow, thereby enhancing the exchange process. The Ayurvedic
medicines added to the oil might give additional benefits.
Conclusion
Thus Vamana is a safe Panchakarma procedure when undertaken
methodically. It is a bio-cleansing process which probably
eliminates fat soluble toxic substances from the body. In
modern era with modified dietary habits, the procedure needs
to be revalidated. For the present observational study, Vamana
procedure was given to healthy volunteers after Poorvakarmas.
The volunteers’ maximum ghee consumption for Snehapana
was found to be 50 ml, 100 ml and 150 ml for day I, day II and
day III respectively. Maximum time taken to consume fluid
was 15 min, maximum time required for initiation of Vamana
procedure after fluid intake was 10.45 min and maximum
duration of expelling vomitus was 31 min in the present study.
Number of vegas ranged from 4 to 8 in this study. Regarding
Antiki Shuddhi, maximum volunteers (66.7%) showed Pittanta
Vamana. Maximum quantity of medicated fluid intake was
2500 ml (average 1486 ml); however, maximum quantity of total
fluid output was 1700 ml (average 879.33 ml). Total quantity
of the fluid expelled was lesser than the total quantity of fluid
intake due to absorption of some fluid by gut.
Examination of vomitus included macroscopic, microscopic and
chemical examinations. The colour of the vomitus was whitish
and yellowish, initially clear, but precipitated after standing,
with pH 6 to 6.5 and specific gravity 1.025 to 1.030. Mucus was
present in almost all bouts. In the microscopic examination of
the vomitus, RBCs, WBCs, epithelial cells and parasites were
found absent in all the samples. In chemical examination of
vomitus, bile salts and bile pigments were detected. Proteins in
vomitus ranged from 10 to 30 mg/dl.
Only one volunteer developed Bhrama (giddiness) as Upadrava,
in whom there was a fall in serum electrolyte level, and it was
managed with ORS. Most of the volunteers showed Samyak
shuddhi Lakshanas as - Vatanulomana (passage of flatus),
lightness of precordium, lightness of the body, Manahprasada
(happiness) and weakness. Shikanji and Khichari was the
maximum accepted and well digested diet after Vamana.
Maximum volunteers preferred Samsarjana Krama of shorter
duration i.e. 24 hs (3 Ahara Kalas).
References
1. Agnivesha,Charak Samhita, Sutra Sthana, 16/ 13-19. Hindi commentary
by Shri Pandit Kashi Nath Shastri. 1st ed. Varanasi: Choukhamba Vidya
Bhavan; 1969. p. 224-5.
2. Agnivesha, Charak Samhita, Viman Sthana,3/ 25. Hindi Commentary
by Shri Pandit Kashi Nath Shastri. 1st ed. Varanasi: Choukhamba Vidya
Bhavan; 1969. p. 576.
3. Vagbhata, Ashtanga Hridayam, Sutra Sthana, 16/16. Hindi commentary by
Kaviraj Shri Atridev Gupt. 3rd ed. Varanasi: Choukhamba Sanskrit Series;
1962. p. 109.
4. Vagbhata, Ashtanga Hridayam, Sutra Sthana, 16/30-31. Hindi commentary
by Kaviraj Shri Atridev Gupt. 3rd ed. Varanasi: Choukhamba Sanskrit
Series; 1962. p. 110-1.
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