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Acanthostigma and Tubeufia Species, Including T. claspisphaeria sp. nov., from Submerged Wood in Hong Kong

May 2004
Mycologia 96(3):667-74

DOI:10.2307/3762184

Source
PubMed

Authors:

Rampai Kodsueb

Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University

Saisamorn Lumyong

Chiang Mai University

Eric Mckenzie

Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research

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Acanthostigma scopulum, Tubeufia claspisphaeria sp. nov. and T. paludosa were identified from submerged wood collected in a small forest stream on Lantau Island, Hong Kong. The collections of Acanthostigma scopulum and Tubeufia paludosa differed slightly from the original descriptions. Tubeufia claspisphaeria differs from previously described species in that it has hook-shaped setae that form radially around the ostiole. This new species is described and illustrated and compared with the most similar species. A dichotomous key to the 16 accepted species in Tubeufia is provided.

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667

Mycologia,

96(3), 2004, pp. 667–674.

q2004 by The Mycological Society of America, Lawrence, KS 66044-8897

Acanthostigma

and

Tubeuﬁa

species, including

T. claspisphaeria

sp. nov., from

submerged wood in Hong Kong

Rampai Kodsueb

Saisamorn Lumyong

Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai

University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Pipob Lumyong

Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture,

Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Eric H.C. McKenzie

Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Aukland,

New Zealand

Wai Hong Ho

Kevin D. Hyde

Centre for Research in Fungal Diversity, Department of

Ecology & Biodiversity, The University of Hong Kong,

Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong

Abstract: Acanthostigma scopulum, Tubeuﬁa claspis-

phaeria

sp. nov. and

T. paludosa

were identiﬁed from

submerged wood collected in a small forest stream

on Lantau Island, Hong Kong. The collections of

Acanthostigma scopulum

and

Tubeuﬁa paludosa

dif-

fered slightly from the original descriptions.

Tubeuﬁa

claspisphaeria

differs from previously described spe-

cies in that it has hook-shaped setae that form radi-

ally around the ostiole. This new species is described

and illustrated and compared with the most similar

species. A dichotomous key to the 16 accepted spe-

cies in

Tubeuﬁa

is provided.

Key words:

new species, saprobic fungi, systemat-

ics

INTRODUCTION

There are 22 genera in the Tubeuﬁaceae (Barr 1980,

Rossman 1987, Kirk et al 2001). Some genera, such

Melioliphila

and

Uredinophila,

are hyperparasites

on sooty molds and on rust fungi, while

Podonectria

is parasitic fungi on scale insects.

Acanthostigma

and

Tubeuﬁa

are saprobes, usually found on old, rotten

wood. Previous examinations of freshwater fungi oc-

curring on submerged wood in streams in the tropics

and subtropics have yielded numerous novel fungi,

Accepted for publication October 20, 2003.

Corresponding author. E-mail: scboi009@chiangmai.ac.th

including hyphomycetes (Hyde et al 2002, McKenzie

et al 2002), coelomycetes (Hyde 1993) and ascomy-

cetes (Wong and Hyde 1999, Cai et al 2002). During

our survey of fungi occurring on naturally sub-

merged wood, we collected an

Acanthostigma

and two

Tubeuﬁa

species, one being a species new to science,

from a small forest stream in Hong Kong. The three

species are described, illustrated and compared with

known taxa. A key to the 16 accepted species of

Tu-

beuﬁa

is provided.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Submerged wood was retrieved from a stream near the

Trappist Monastery, Lantau Island, Hong Kong, in Apr 2002

and returned to the laboratory, where it was incubated in

zip-lock plastic bags at room temperature. Humidity was

maintained by adding moistened paper towels. Samples

were examined within 3 d and periodically over 1 mo for

the presence of sporulating structures. Cultures of fungi

were obtained where possible from single spores (Choi et

al 1999). To stimulate sporulation, 1 cm

blocks of colo-

nized agar were placed in water in a bubble chamber over-

night.

TAXONOMY

Acanthostigma

De Not. and

Tubeuﬁa

Penz. & Sacc.

Acanthostigma

currently includes six species and re-

cently has been reviewed by Re´blova´ and Barr (2000).

The genus is characterized by vinaceous, reddish-

brown or dark brown ascomata that are covered with

dark brownish-black, often opaque, obtuse or acute

setae. The ascospores are hyaline, multiseptate and

cylindrical-fusiform to elongate fusiform. The ana-

morphs are in

Helicosporium

and

Helicomyces.

In spe-

cies of

Tubeuﬁa

the ascomata are hyaline, whitish or

yellowish to pinkish, but may become dark at matu-

rity. They are smooth, or are covered with protruding

cells, thick-walled hyphal appendages, or short dark

setae (Re´blova´ and Barr 2000).

Acanthostigma scopulum (Cooke & Peck) Peck, Bull.

New York State Mus. 1:22 (1887) (F

IGS

. 1–6)

Ascomata 145–250 mm diam, superﬁcial, globose, solitary

or gregarious, dark brown to black, membranous, ostiolate,

with setae; setae (56–)80–90(–99) mm long, 4–6 mm wide

at base, 1.5–2 mm wide at apex, dark brown, 1–2-septate,

thick-walled, straight. Asci (64–)90–120(–130) 38–10 mm

668 M

YCOLOGIA

IGS

. 1–6.

Acanthostigma scopulum

(from HKU[M] 17121). 1. Ascomata on natural substratum. 2. Dark brown, septate

setae with acute apex. 3–4. A cluster of mature and immature asci. 5. Ascus. 6. Ascospore. Pseudoparaphyses in F

.3–4

(arrowed). Bars: 1 5200 mm; 2–5 530 mm; 6 525 mm. F

IGS

. 2–3 mounted in water, other ﬁgures mounted in lactophenol.

(

x¯

5103 39.2 mm, n 520), 8–spored, cylindric-clavate,

bitunicate, short stalked, pseudoparaphyses. Ascospores

(66–)70–85(–90) 33–3.5(– 4) mm(

x¯

578 33.4 mm, n 5

30), fasciculate, long-fusiform to cylindrical-fusiform, hya-

line, straight or slightly curved, (5–)9–12-septate, smooth-

walled, guttulate, lacking appendages and sheaths.

Anamorph. Helicosporium aureum

(Corda) Linder,

Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 16:279, 1929, from Re´blova´

and Barr (2000).

Colonies on potato-dextrose agar olive-colored,

reaching 1 cm diam in 10 d at room temperature

(

;

28 C), no pigment diffusing into agar, not sporu-

lating even after submergence overnight in a bubble

chamber.

Substratum.

Wood submerged in streams, decaying

wood (

Fagus sylvatica, Pinus

sp. and

Tsuga

sp.)

Known distribution.

Australia, Europe, Hong Kong

and U.S.A.

Specimen examined.

HONG KONG. Lantau Island, Trap-

pist Monastery, small stream in forest, on wood partially sub-

merged, 21 Apr 2002,

K.D. Hyde

(HKU[M] 17121; living

culture HKUCC 9117).

Notes.

A key to species of

Acanthostigma

was pro-

vided by Re´blova´ and Barr (2000). This collection

differs from the description for

A. scopulum

provided

by Re´blova´ and Barr (2000) in that it has septate

setae and wider ascospores 3–3.5(–4)

m versus

(2–)2.5–3(–3.5)

m but in other aspects it is similar.

Tubeuﬁa claspisphaeria Kodsueb, sp. nov.

IGS

. 7–16)

Ascomata 185–330(–350) mm diametro, superﬁcialia, glo-

bosa, solitaria vel aggregata, hyalina vel pallide brunnea ubi

immatura, atrobunnea vel atris ubi maturus, membranea,

ostiolata, setosa; setae usque 47 mm longa, 10 mm lata,

(0–)1(–2)-septata, atrobrunnea, hamatus. Peries ascomati

usque 60 mm lata crassus, vinacea-brunnea, e cellulis pseu-

doparenchymatis compositum, 4–5 stratosus, textura glob-

ulosa. Asci (93–)105–120(–127) 3(12–)14–16(–18) mm, oc-

tospori, cylindrico-clavati, bitunicati, pedicellati. Ascosporae

(34–)45–60(–64) 35–7(–8) mm, fasciculatae, elongatae-fu-

siformis, (3–)5–6(–8)-septatae, hyalinae, curvatae, guttula-

tae.

Etymology.

In reference to the clasp-like setae on

the ascomata. Ascomata 185–330(–350)

m diam, su-

perﬁcial, globose, solitar y or grouped, hyaline to pale

brown when immature, dark brown becoming black

when mature, membranous, ostiolate, with setae that

form around ostiole. Setae from surface of ascomata,

up to 47

m long and 10

m wide, (0–)1(–2)-septate,

dark brown, thick-walled, hook-shaped. Peridium up

to 60

m wide, vinaceous brown, comprising 4–5 lay-

669K

ODSUEB ET AL

CANTHOSTIGMA AND

UBEUFIA FROM

ONG

IGS

. 7–16.

Tubeuﬁa claspisphaeria

(from holotype). 7. Ascomata on natural substratum. 8. Longitudinal section through

an ascoma. 9. Setae. 10. A cluster of mature and immature asci. 11. Asci. 12–16. Ascospores. Pseudoparaphyses in F

.10

(arrowed). Bars: 7 5250 mm; 8 550 mm; 9 525 mm; 10–11 530 mm; 12 515 mm; 13–16 510 mm. F

IGS

. 8–10 and 12

mounted in water, other ﬁgures mounted in lactophenol.

IGS

. 17–23.

Tubeuﬁa paludosa

(from HKU[M] 17122). 17. Ascomata on natural substratum (arrowed). 18. Anamorph

(

Helicosporium

sp.). 19. A cluster of mature and immature asci. 20–21. Asci. 22–23. Ascospores. Pseudoparaphyses in F

.19

(arrowed), Mucilaginous pads in F

. 22–23 (arrowed). Bars: 17 5200 mm; 18–21 530 mm; 22–23 525 mm. F

IGS

. 18, 20–

21 and 23 mounted in lactophenol, other ﬁgures mounted in water.

670 M

YCOLOGIA

ABLE

Tubeuﬁa

species and their present synonyms (accepted name in bold)

Taxa Synonym Notes

T. acaciae

Tilak & S. B. Kale None Although not examined this taxon may

not be a

Tubeuﬁa

with its violet to red

ascomata and multiseptate ascospores

T. aciculospora

Katum. & Y. Hara-

None This species is unusual as it has asco-

spores with pointed ends Katumoto

and Harada (1979)

T. albo-ostiolata

Rossman

Thaxteriella alboostiolata

Transferred in Crane et al (1998)

T. alpina

L. Holm & Nograsek

Acanthostigmina longisporum

This was considered to be synonymous

with

A. longisporum

by Re´blova´ and

Barr (2000)

T. amazonensis

Samuels, Rossman

&E.Mu¨ll.

Thaxteriella amazonensis

Transferred in Crane et al (1998)

T. anceps

Penz. & Sacc.

Tubeuﬁa paludosa

Synonymized by Rossman (1977)

T. asclepiadis

Bat. & Garnier

Saccardomyces socius

Henn. Rossman (1979)

T. aurantiella

(Penz. & Sacc.) Ross-

man

Section Nectrioidea (5

Calonec-

tria aurantiella

)

Mentioned in Crane et al (1998), trans-

ferred from

Calonectria

(Rossman

1979)

T. brevispina

(M. E. Barr & Roger-

son) J. L. Crane, Shearer & M.

E. Barr)

Acanthostigmella brevispina

) Crane et al (1998)

T. cerea

(Berk. M. A. Curtis)

Ho¨hn.

Section Necrioidea Mentioned in Crane et al (1998), for de-

scription see Sivanesan (1984)

T. clintonii

(Peck) M. E. Barr

Acanthostigma perpusillum

This was considered to be synonymous

with

A. perpusillum

by Re´blova´ and

Barr (2000)

T. coccicola

(Ellis & Everh.)

Podonectria coccicola

Petch Rossman (1987)

T. coronata

Penz. & Sacc.

Tubeuﬁa paludosa

Synonymized by Rossman (1977)

T. cor ynespora

Munk

Thaxteriella corynespora

Transferred in Crane et al (1998)

T. cylindrothecia

(Seaver) Ho¨hn.

Tubeuﬁa paludosa

Synonymized by Rossman (1977)

T. dactylariae

Chang None Chang (2003)

T. eriodermae

Etayo None Etayo (2002)—possibly

Chaetosphaerulina

T. genuﬂexa

Ho¨hn.

Acanthostigmella genuﬂexa

Barr (1977)

T. hebridensis

Dennis

Taphrophila hebridensis

Re´blova´ and Barr (2000)

T. helicoma

(W. Phillips & Plowr.)

Piroz.

Thaxteriella helicoma

Transferred in Crane et al (1998)

T. helicomyces

Ho¨hn.

Tubeuﬁa paludosa

Synonymized by Rossman (1977)

T. indica

(Dharne & E. Mu¨ll.)

Deoray & Ujjainkar

Thaxteriella indica

Mentioned in Crane et al (1998)

T. javanica

Penz. & Sacc.

Tubeuﬁa paludosa

Synonymized by Rossman (1977)

T. minuta

Munk

Herpotrichiella

Barr (1980)

T. miscanthi

W. H. Hsieh, C. Y.

Chen & Sivan.

Taphrophila miscanthi

Re´blova´ and Barr (2000)

T. nigrotuberculata

T. Hino & Ka-

tum.

Herpotrichia nigrotuberculata

Pirozynski (1972)

T. ovatum

Rossman

Thaxteriela ovata

Transferred in Crane et al (1998)

T. pachythrix

(Rehm) Rossman None For discussion see Rossman (1979)

T. palmarum

(Torrend) Samuels,

Rossman & E. Mu¨ll.

Section Nectrioidea Samuels et al (1979); mentioned in

Crane et al (1998)

T. paludosa

(P. Crouan & H.

Crouan) Rossman

Section Tubeuﬁa Samuels et al (1979); mentioned in

Crane et al (1998)

T. pannariae

Etayo None Etayo (2002)—possibly

Chaetosphaerulina

T. parvula

Dennis None Drawn in Ellis and Ellis (1985)

T. pezizula

(Berk. & M. A. Curtis)

M. E. Barr

Thaxteriella pezizula

Type species of

Thaxteriela

(Sivanesan

1984, Barr 1980)

T. roraimensis

(Samuels & E.

Mu¨ll.)

Thaxteriella roraimensis

Samuels and Mu¨ller (1978); also men-

tioned in Crane et al (1998)

671K

ODSUEB ET AL

CANTHOSTIGMA AND

UBEUFIA FROM

ONG

ABLE

I. Continued

Taxa Synonym Notes

T. rugosa

C. Booth

Tubeuﬁa helicoma

Barr (1980)

T. scopula

(Cooke & Peck), M. E.

Barr

Acanthostigma scopulum

Barr (1980), Re´blova´ and Barr (2000)

T. setosa

Sivan. & W. H. Hsieh

Acanthostigma minutum

Re´blova´ and Barr (2000)

T. stromaticola

(Henn.) Rossman Transferred from

Calonectria

Rossman (1979)

T. trichella

(Sacc., E. Bommer &

M. Rousseau) Scheuer

Taphrophila trichela

Re´blova´ and Barr (2000)

T. trichospora

(Berk. & Broome)

Petch

Ophionectria trichospora

Rossman (1977)

T. vermicularispora

(T. Hino & Ka-

tum.) Sivan.

Chaetosphaerulina vermicularis-

pora

This has black carbonaceous ascomata

and is probably not a

Tubeuﬁa.

It was

described as a

Chaetosphaerulina

(Hino

and Katumoto 1954)

T. yasudae

(T. Hino) Sivan.

Chaetosphaerulina yasudae

Mentioned in Crane et al (1998)

ers of thick-walled textura globulosa, outer cells

brown-walled, inner cells with hyaline walls. Pseudo-

paraphyses 1.5–2.5

m wide, hypha-like, numerous,

cellular, unbranched. Asci (93–)105–120(–127)

(12–)14–16(–18)

x¯

109

15.1

m, n

15),

8-spored, cylindric-clavate, bitunicate, with a small oc-

ular chamber, persistently pedicellate. Ascospores

(34–)45–60(–64)

5–7(–8)

x¯

5.9

35), fasciculate, elongate-fusiform, (3–)5–6(–8)-

septate, hyaline, sometimes slightly curved, smooth-

walled, guttulate, lacking appendages or sheaths.

Anamorph.

Unknown.

Colonies on potato-dextrose agar dark green to

black, 1 cm diam in 1 wk at room temperature (

;

C). Mycelium mostly immersed, aerial mycelium vel-

vety to ﬂuffy, no pigment diffusing into agar, not

sporulating even after submergence overnight in a

bubble chamber. Mycelium less dense at the outer

edge than in center, with branching mycelial strands

extending from edge of colony.

Substratum.

Wood submerged in streams.

Known distribution.

Hong Kong.

Holotype.

HONG KONG. Lantau Island, Trappist

Monastery, small stream in forest, on wood partially

submerged, 21 Apr 2002,

K.D. Hyde

(HKU[M]

17123). Living cultures ex holotype HKUCC 9116,

HKUCC 9119.

Tubeuﬁa paludosa (P. Crouan & H. Crouan) Ross-

man, Mycologia 69:383 (1977) (F

IGS

. 17–23)

Ascomata 185–350

m diam, superﬁcial, globose,

brown to dark-brown, solitary, sparse, surface rough-

ened, membranous. Asci (162–)170–180

(14–)15–

18(–19)

x¯

170

16.1

m; n

17), numer-

ous, 8-spored, cylindric-oblong, bitunicate, hyaline,

with a subapical ring, rounded at apex, persistently

pedicellate, pseudoparaphyses. Ascospores (77–)120–

135(–155)

4–5(–6)

x¯

127

4.3

m, n

30),

fasciculate, narrowly elongate, cylindric or ﬁliform,

hyaline, (18–)20 –25-septate, straight or slightly

curved, smooth-walled, guttulate, with small mucilag-

inous pads at each end.

Anamorph. Helicosporium

sp.

Colonies on potato-dextrose agar 3.5 cm diam in

3 wk. Mycelium mostly immersed, no pigment diffus-

ing into agar, hyphae less dense in outer zone, spor-

ulating, forming a brownish-gray turf of upright se-

tiform conidiophores, becoming ochraceous or

brownish with age; conidiogenous cells produced lat-

erally as thin-walled pegs. Conidia coiled two or three

times, multiseptate, coils 37–86.4

m diam, cells 4.6–

5.4

m wide.

Substratum.

Wood submerged in streams, decaying

woody fruit, palm fruit peduncle and bamboo.

Known distribution.

Bermuda, Brazil, Columbia,

Europe, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Panama, Trin-

idad, U.S.A. and Venezuela.

Specimen examined.

HONG KONG. Lantau Island, Trap-

pist Monastery, small stream in forest, on wood partially sub-

merged, 21 Apr 2002,

K.D. Hyde

(HKU[M]17122; living cul-

ture HKUCC 9118).

The genus

Tubeuﬁa

has included at least 40 epi-

thets as listed in IndexFungorum (http://www.

indexfungorum.org/Names/Names.asp). Many of

these taxa have been transferred to other genera

(Barr 1980, Crane et al 1998) as summarized in T

BLE

I. Our two species are typical of

Tubeuﬁa

be-

cause the ascomata are initially pale and have either

672 M

YCOLOGIA

. 24. Diagrammatic representation of ascospores of

Tubeuﬁa

species drawn to the same scale for comparison. A.

acaciae

(from Tilak and Kale 1970). B.

T. aciculospora

(from Katumoto and Harada 1979). C.

T. aurantiella

(from Rossman

1987). D.

T. brevispina

(from Barr and Rogerson 1983). E.

T. cerea

(from Barr 1980). F.

T. claspisphaeria

(this paper). G.

cylindrothecia

(from Barr 1980). H.

T. dactylariae

(from Chang 2003). I.

T. eriodermae

(from Etayo 2002). J.

T. helicomyces

(from Ellis and Ellis 1985). K.

T. palmarum

(from Samuels et al 1979). L.

T. paludosa

(from Sivanesan 1984). M.

T. pannariae

(from Etayo 2002). N.

T. par vula

(from Ellis and Ellis 1985). Bar 520 mm.

673K

ODSUEB ET AL

CANTHOSTIGMA AND

UBEUFIA FROM

ONG

a glabrous surface or only short setae (F

. 24). In

ascospore size and morphology

Tubeuﬁa claspis-

phaeria

is most similar to

T. acaciae, T. pachythrix

and

T. stromaticola.

It differs from these species in

that it has a row of hook-like setae that form radially

around the ostiole. The ascospores of

T. claspis-

phaeria, T. pachythrix

and

T. stromaticola

are elon-

gate-fusiform, while those of

T. acaciae

are cylindri-

cal or vermiform. Ascospores of

T. claspisphaeria

are

wider than those of the other three species. Our col-

lection of

Tubeuﬁa paludosa

is similar to the descrip-

tion given by Barr (1980) but differs in that it has

globose ascomata and mucilaginous pads at both

ends of the ascospore.

Tubeuﬁa

species have rarely been reported from

freshwater habitats (Shearer 1993) and are more

commonly found on rotting vegetation (Barr

1980).

Tubeuﬁa paludosa

previously has been re-

ported from submerged grasses (Shearer 1993),

cylindrothecia

and

T. palmarum

from submerged

wood (Ho et al 2001, Sivichai et al 2002). The an-

amorphs, however, commonly are reported from

submerged freshwater litter (Ho et al 2002, Sivichai

et al 2002).

DICHOTOMOUS KEY TO THE SPECIES OF

TUBEUFIA

1. Lichenicolous fungi

............................................................................

1. Not lichenicolous fungi

.........................................................................

2. Ascomata white, ascospores 105–145 34–5 mm, acicular, 17–19-septate

.......................

T. eriodermae

2. Ascomata orange-yellow to grayish-yellow, ascospores 40–50 3(3.5– 4.5 mm, fusiform, 5–8-septate

....

T. pannariae

3. Ascospores with ,10 septa

.......................................................................

3. Ascospores with .10 septa

......................................................................

4. Ascospores shorter than 21 mm

................................................................

4. Ascospores longer than 21 mm

................................................................

5. Ascomata reddish-brown, ascospores 14–15 33.5–4 mm, oblong-elliptical, 3-septate

...................

T. par vula

5. Ascomata hyaline to pale yellow, ascospores (13–)14–18(–21) 3(3.5–)4–5(–7) mm, fusoid, 3-septate

....

T. brevispina

6. Ascospores up to 7 septa

.....................................................................

6. Ascospores .7 septa

.......................................................................

7. Ascospore 48–56 36–7 mm, cylindrical or worm-like, often curved, pointed of both ends, 5–7-septate

.....

T. acaciae

7. Ascospores narrower than 6 mm

..................................................................

8. Ascospores less than 3.5 mm wide

..............................................................

8. Ascospores more than 3.5 mm wide

............................................................

9. Ascospores 65–75 32.5–3.5 mm, acicular, 4–7-septate

........................................

T. aciculospora

9. Ascospores 66–150 32–3 mm, ﬁliform, 5–7-septate

..........................................

T. helicomyces

10. Ascospores 40–57 34–5 mm, long-fusiform, multiseptate (4-celled according to Rehm 1907)

.......

T. pachythrix

10. Ascospores 50–70 34–5 mm, long-fusoid, 5–7-septate

....................................

T. stromaticola

11. Ascomata with a row of hook-like setae, form radially around the ostiole, ascospores (34–)45–60(–64) 35–7(–8) mm,

elongate-fusiform, (3–)5–6(–7)-septate

..................................................

T. claspisphaeria

11. Ascomata not as above

.........................................................................

12. Ascospores 32–36 36–7 mm, fusiform, 7–8-septate

.......................................

T. dactylariae

12. Ascospores narrower than 6 mm

..............................................................

13. Ascospores 30–40(–50) 33– 4 mm, fusiform with subacute to round ends, 5–7(–9)-septate

...........

T. palmarum

13. Ascospores 45–66 33.5–5 mm, narrowly fusiform to cylindric, 7–9-septate

........................

T. aurantiella

14. Ascospores shorter than 70 mm

...............................................................

14. Ascospores (70–)100 –200(–230) 3(2–)3.5–7(–8) mm, fusiform with acute ends, up to 35 septa

......

T. paludosa

15. Ascospores 40–55(–65) 3(2.5–)3–5 mm, elongate clavate or fusoid, (5–)7–9(–13)-septate

..........

T. cylindrothecia

15. Ascospores (27–)30–52 32.5–3.5(– 4.5) mm, elongate fusoid, often curved, (5–)7–10(–13)-septate

..........

T. cerea

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The senior author would like to thank Department of Ecol-

ogy & Biodiversity, The University of Hong Kong, for facil-

itating the work at the Centre for Research in Fungal Di-

versity. Thanks to Chiang Mai University Graduate School

for partial support to the ﬁrst author’s doctoral study.

Thanks also are extended to B. Bussaban, H.Y.M. Leung,

M.H.W. Ng, I. Promputtha and S. Thongkantha for various

help.

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Tubeufia asiana , the teleomorph of Aquaphila albicans in the Tubeufiaceae, Pleosporales, based on cultural and molecular data

Article

Nov 2007

The teleomorph of Aquaphila albicans was discovered on submerged wood collected in Thailand. Its black, soft-textured, setose ascomata, bitunicate asci and hyaline to pale brown, multiseptate ascospores indicated an affinity to Tubeufiaceae (Dothideomycetes). After morphological or molecular comparisons with related species in Tubeufia, Acanthostigma and Taphrophila, it is described and illustrated as a new species, T. asiana Sivichai & K.M. Tsui, sp. nov. Finding this Tubeufia teleomorph was surprising, given the falcate conidia of its A. albicans anamorph, which superficially resemble the conidia of Fusarium and not the coiled, helicosporous conidia of other species in Tubeufiaceae. We assessed the phylogenetic relationships of A. albicans-T. asiana with ribosomal sequences from SSU and ITS and partial LSU regions by parsimony and Bayesian analysis. An initial set of 40 taxa representing a wide range of ascomycete families and their SSU sequences from GenBank showed A. albicans-T. asiana to be nested within the Tubeufiaceae with 100% bootstrap support. Their placement was inferred with ITS and partial LSU ribosomal sequences. The nearly identical ITS sequences of two isolates of A. albicans and one isolate of Tubeufia asiana united these fungi as a monophyletic group with 100% bootstrap support and further nested them, with 88% bootstrap support, in a clade containing Helicoon gigantisporum and Helicoma chlamydosporum. This is the first molecular phylogenetic study to place a nonhelicosporous species within the Tubeufiaceae and to show that helical conidia were lost at least once within the family.

Four new species of Tubeufia (Tubeufiaceae, Tubeufiales) from Thailand

Article

Mar 2017

Tubeufia was named for a sexual morph taxon. However, several asexual morph species have been accommodated in this genus as well. In our study, four new species of Tubeufia, viz. T. filiformis, T. latispora, T. laxispora and T. mackenziei, are described and illustrated. The phylogenetic placement of the new species is confirmed by analysis of combined ITS, LSU and TEF1α sequence data. A key to Tubeufia species is provided and the new species are compared with similar fungal taxa. © 2017, German Mycological Society and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Tubeufiales, ord. nov., integrating sexual and asexual generic names

Article

Full-text available

Sep 2014

Abstract Tubeufiaceae is based on the generic type Tubeufia, which is characterized by superficial, oval and bright ascomata, bitunicate asci, mostly long fusiform to filiform, transeptate ascospores and hyphomycetous asexual states with helicosporous conidia. Most species in this family are saprobic on terrestrial woody substrates and some are aquatic. Their distinct morphology as well as combined LSU, SSU and TEF1 sequence analysis show that Tubeufiaceae should be accommodated in a new order Tubeufiales, which is introduced in this paper. Phylogenetic analyses of combined LSU and ITS sequences were used to resolve genera and species within the family Tubeufiaceae. In this study, we examine and incorporate sexual and asexual states of genera in Tubeufiales to provide a modern treatment, based on single names. An epitype for Tubeufia javanica, the type species of Tubeufia, is designated and represents Tubeufia sensu stricto. The genera Acanthophiobolus, Acanthostigma, Boerlagiomyces, Chlamydotubeufia, Kamalomyces, Podonectria, Thaxteriella and Thaxteriellopsis are accepted, Acanthostigmina is reinstated, and the asexual genera Aquaphila, Helicoma, Helicomyces, Helicosporium and Tamhinispora are accepted in Tubeufiaceae. Three new genera Acanthohelicospora, Helicangiospora and Neoacanthostigma are introduced. The genus Bifrontia is added to the family based on morphological similarity. The incongruous morphological genera Acanthostigmella, Amphinectria, Chaetocrea, Chaetosphaerulina, Glaxoa, Malacaria, Melioliphila, Paranectriella, Puttemansia, Rebentischia and Uredinophila are excluded from Tubeufiaceae despite having characteristic ascomata with setae and multiseptate long spores. A key to genera accepted in Tubeufiaceae is provided. Keywords Dothideomycetes . Helicospores . New genus . Phylogeny . Taxonomy . Tubeufiaceae

A taxonomic reassessment of Tubeufiales based on multi-locus phylogeny and morphology

Article

Sep 2018

This study deals with an extensive taxonomic reevaluation focusing on phylogenetic relationships and morphological characterization of Tubeufiales, especially those helicosporous hyphomycetes which are difficult to identify. Based on evidence from DNA sequence data and morphology, we introduce 13 new genera in the family Tubeufiaceae, viz. Acanthotubeufia, Dematiohelicoma, Dematiohelicomyces, Dematiohelicosporum, Dematiotubeufia, Helicoarctatus, Helicohyalinum, Helicotruncatum, Neochlamydotubeufia, Neohelicoma, Pleurohelicosporium, Pseudohelicomyces and Pseudohelicoon; transfer Chaetosphaerulina from Dothideomycetes genera incertae sedis, and Artocarpomyces and Helicodochium from Ascomycetes genera incertae sedis into Tubeufiaceae; introduce 52 new species, viz. Berkleasmium fusiforme, B. longisporum, Chlamydotubeufia cylindrica, Dematiohelicosporum guttulatum, Helicoarctatus aquaticus, Helicodochium aquaticum, Helicohyalinum infundibulum, Helicoma aquaticum, H. brunneisporum, H. cocois, H. rufum, H. fusiforme, H. longisporum, H. multiseptatum, H. rubriappendiculatum, H. septoconstrictum, H. tectonae, Helicomyces hyalosporus, Helicosporium aquaticum, H. flavisporum, H. setiferum, H. vesicarium, H. viridiflavum, Neochlamydotubeufia fusiformis, Neohelicomyces hyalosporus, Neohelicosporium acrogenisporum, N. astrictum, N. ellipsoideum, N. irregulare, N. krabiense, N. laxisporum, N. ovoideum, Pleurohelicosporium parvisporum, Pseudohelicomyces aquaticus, P. hyalosporus, Tubeufia abundata, T. bambusicola, T. brevis, T. brunnea, T. chlamydospora, T. dictyospora, T. eccentrica, T. fangchengensis, T. hechiensis, T. inaequalis, T. krabiensis, T. rubra, T. sessilis, T. sympodihylospora, T. sympodilaxispora, T. taiwanensis and T. tratensis; provide 43 new combinations, viz. Acanthohelicospora guianensis, Acanthotubeufia filiforme, Berkleasmium aquatica, B. guangxiense, B. latisporum, B. thailandicum, Dematiohelicoma perelegans, D. pulchrum, Dematiohelicomyces helicosporus, Dematiotubeufia chiangraiensis, Helicohyalinum aquaticum, Helicoma elinorae, H. gigasporum, H. hongkongense, H. linderi, H. nematosporum, H. pannosum, H. serpentinum, Helicomyces chiayiensis, Helicotruncatum palmigenum, Neochlamydotubeufia khunkornensis, Neohelicoma fagacearum, Neohelicomyces pallidus, Neohelicosporium abuense, N. aurantiellum, N. griseum, N. morganii, N. myrtacearum, N. nizamabadense, N. sympodiophorum, N. taiwanense, N. vesiculiferum, Pseudohelicomyces indicus, P. paludosus, P. talbotii, Pseudohelicoon gigantisporum, P. subglobosum, Tubeufia dentophora, T. geniculata, T. lilliputea, T. machaerinae, T. sympodiophora and T. xylophila; introduce 16 new records, viz. Dictyospora thailandica, Helicomyces colligatus, H. torquatus, Neohelicosporium guangxiense, N. hyalosporum, N. parvisporum, Thaxteriellopsis lignicola, Tubeufia aquatica, T. chiangmaiensis, T. cylindrothecia, T. filiformis, T. guangxiensis, T. laxispora, T. parvispora, T. roseohelicospora and T. tectonae. The taxonomy of Helicoma, Helicomyces and Helicosporium is revisited based on phylogenetic analyses and morphological evidence. Neorhamphoria is transferred to Bezerromycetaceae. Three species are excluded from the genus Chlamydotubeufia, twelve species from Helicoma, four species from Helicomyces, 25 species from Helicosporium, six species from Neoacanthostigma and one species from Tubeufia. A multi-gene phylogenetic tree based on maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of ITS, LSU, RPB2 and TEF1α sequence data of species of Tubeufiales is provided. Detailed descriptions and illustrations are provided, as well as the morphological comparison with similar taxa are explored. The checklist of accepted Tubeufiales species and re-organised Tubeufiales species are provided.

Asexual-sexual morph connection in the type species of Berkleasmium

Article

Full-text available

Jun 2017

Berkleasmium is a polyphyletic genus comprising 37 dematiaceous hyphomycetous species. In this study, independent collections of the type species, B. concinnum, were made from Eastern North America. Nuclear internal transcribed spacer rDNA (ITS) and partial nuc 28S large subunit rDNA (LSU) sequences obtained from collections and subsequent cultures showed that Berkleasmium concinnum is the asexual morph of Neoacanthostigma septoconstrictum ( Tubeufiaceae, Tubeufiales). Phylogenies inferred from Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses of ITS-LSU sequence data confirmed this asexual-sexual morph connection and a re-examination of fungarium reference specimens also revealed the co-occurrence of N. septoconstrictum ascomata and B. concinnum sporodochia. Neoacanthostigma septoconstrictum is therefore synonymized under B. concinnum on the basis of priority. A specimen identified as N. septoconstrictum from Thailand is described as N. thailandicum sp. nov., based on morphological and genetic distinctiveness.

Helicosporous hyphomycetes from China

Article

Full-text available

Jul 2007

Morphological studies of anamorphic taxa with helicospores (helicosporous fungi) were carried out based on observation of specimens collected in China and comparisons with descriptions in the literature. After examination of more than 300 freshly collected specimens and 100 herbarium specimens, we conclude that 71 species in 14 genera are presently known in mainland China, including 9 new species and 2 new combinations. The new species are Helicomyces denticulatus G.Z. Zhao, Xing Z. Liu & W.P. Wu; Helicosporium dentophorum G.Z. Zhao, Xing Z. Liu & W.P. Wu; Helicosporium sympodiophorum G.Z. Zhao, Xing Z. Liu & W.P. Wu; Helicoma hainanense G.Z. Zhao, Xing Z. Liu & W.P. Wu; Helicoma hyalonema G.Z. Zhao, Xing Z. Liu & W.P. Wu; Helicoma latifilum G.Z. Zhao, Xing Z. Liu & W.P. Wu; Helicoma scarabaeiforme G.Z. Zhao; Xenosporium latisporum G.Z. Zhao, Xing Z. Liu & W.P. Wu; Xenosporium ovatum G.Z. Zhao, Xing Z. Liu & W.P. Wu. The new combinations are Helicoma fumosum (P. Karst.) G.Z. Zhao, Xing Z. Liu & W.P. Wu; Helicofilia irregularis (P.M. Kirk) G.Z. Zhao, Xing Z. Liu & W.P. Wu. Another three new combinations, Helicoma casuarinae (Matsush.) G.Z. Zhao, Xing Z. Liu & W.P. Wu, Helicoma hyalospora (Rao & D. Rao) G.Z. Zhao, X.Z. Liu & W.P. Wu and Slimacomyces isiola (R.T. Moore) G. Z. Zhao, and a new name, Helicoma palmarum G.Z. Zhao, Xing Z. Liu & W.P. Wu are introduced based on the literature. All species are described, illustrated and discussed. Diagnostic characteristics and keys for most helicosporous genera are provided. Drepanospora is considered to be synonym of Helicosporium and Troposporella and Helicosporina are dealt with as the synonyms of Helicoma. A third group of Xenosporium without secondary conidia was found and four new species are described in this group. Several specimens were unavailable for study and are listed as doubtful records.

First Find of Tubeufia cerea (Tubeufiales, Dothideomycetes) from Bulgaria

Article

Jun 2023

Dimitar Stoykov

Tubeufia genus, represented by Tubeufia cerea, is reported as new to Bulgaria. It was found on old stromata of Diatrype stigma on oak twigs in the Eastern Forebalkan. This finding is presented with concise description and original illustrations. Available information from published sources is briefly discussed, and data on the distribution and ecology of T. cerea is applied.

Freshwater Dothideomycetes

Article

Full-text available

Dec 2020

Freshwater Dothideomycetes are a highly diverse group of fungi, which are mostly saprobic in freshwater habitats worldwide. They are important decomposers of submerged woody debris and leaves in water. In this paper, we outline the genera of freshwater Dothideomycetes with notes and keys to species. Based on multigene analyses and morphology, we introduce nine new genera, viz . Aquimassariosphaeria , Aquatospora , Aquihelicascus , Fusiformiseptata , Neohelicascus , Neojahnula , Pseudojahnula , Purpureofaciens , Submersispora ; 33 new species, viz . Acrocalymma bipolare , Aquimassariosphaeria kunmingensis , Aquatospora cylindrica , Aquihelicascus songkhlaensis , A. yunnanensis , Ascagilis submersa , A. thailandensis , Bambusicola aquatica , Caryospora submersa , Dictyocheirospora thailandica , Fusiformiseptata crocea , Helicosporium thailandense , Hongkongmyces aquaticus , Lentistoma aquaticum , Lentithecium kunmingense , Lindgomyces aquaticus , Longipedicellata aquatica , Neohelicascus submersus , Neohelicomyces dehongensis , N. thailandicus , Neohelicosporium submersum , Nigrograna aquatica , Occultibambusa kunmingensis , Parabambusicola aquatica , Pseudoasteromassaria aquatica , Pseudoastrosphaeriella aquatica , Pseudoxylomyces aquaticus , Purpureofaciens aquatica , Roussoella aquatica , Shrungabeeja aquatica , Submersispora variabilis , Tetraploa puzheheiensis , T. yunnanensis ; 16 new combinations, viz. Aquimassariosphaeria typhicola , Aquihelicascus thalassioideus , Ascagilis guttulaspora , A. queenslandica , A. seychellensis , A. sunyatsenii , Ernakulamia xishuangbannaensis , Neohelicascus aquaticus , N. chiangraiensis , N. egyptiacus , N. elaterascus , N. gallicus , N. unilocularis , N. uniseptatus , Neojahnula australiensis , Pseudojahnula potamophila ; 17 new geographical and habitat records, viz. Aliquandostipite khaoyaiensis , Aquastroma magniostiolata , Caryospora aquatica , C. quercus , Dendryphiella vinosa , Ernakulamia cochinensis , Fissuroma neoaggregatum , Helicotruncatum palmigenum , Jahnula rostrata , Neoroussoella bambusae , N. leucaenae , Occultibambusa pustula , Paramonodictys solitarius , Pleopunctum pseudoellipsoideum , Pseudocapulatispora longiappendiculata , Seriascoma didymosporum , Shrungabeeja vadirajensis and ten new collections from China and Thailand, viz. Amniculicola guttulata , Aquaphila albicans , Berkleasmium latisporum , Clohesyomyces aquaticus , Dictyocheirospora rotunda , Flabellascoma fusiforme , Pseudoastrosphaeriella bambusae , Pseudoxylomyces elegans , Tubeufia aquatica and T. cylindrothecia . Dendryphiella phitsanulokensis and Tubeufia roseohelicospora are synonymized with D. vinosa and T. tectonae , respectively. Six orders, 43 families and 145 genera which belong to freshwater Dothideomycetes are reviewed. Of these, 46 genera occur exclusively in freshwater habitats. A world map illustrates the distribution of freshwater Dothideomycetes.

Molecular systematics of Helicoma, Helicomyces and Helicosporium and their teleomorphs inferred from rDNA sequences

Article

Jan 2006

Three genera of asexual, helical-spored fungi, Helicoma, Helicomyces and Helicosporium traditionally have been differentiated by the morphology of their conidia and conidiophores. In this paper we assessed their phylogenetic relationships from ribosomal sequences from ITS, 5.8S and partial LSU regions using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian analysis. Forty-five isolates from the three genera were closely related and were within the teleomorphic genus Tubeufia sensu Barr (Tubeufiaceae, Ascomycota). Most of the species could be placed in one of the seven clades that each received 78% or greater bootstrap support. However none of the anamorphic genera were monophyletic and all but one of the clades contained species from more than one genus. The 15 isolates of Helicoma were scattered through the phylogeny and appeared in five of the clades. None of the four sections within the genus were monophyletic, although species from Helicoma sect. helicoma were concentrated in Clade A. The Helicosporium species also appeared in five clades. The four Helicomyces species were distributed among three clades. Most of the clades supported by sequence data lacked unifying morphological characters. Traditional characters such as the thickness of the conidial filament and whether conidiophores were conspicuous or reduced proved to be poor predictors of phylogenetic relationships. However some combinations of characters including conidium colour and the presence of lateral, tooth-like conidiogenous cells did appear to be predictive of genetic relationships.

Novel Neoacanthostigma Species from Aquatic Habitats

Article

Full-text available

Jun 2017

Helicosporous hyphomycetes are a morphologically fascinating group of Tubeufiales. Ten dematiaceous helicosporous asexual morphs and two sexual morphs collected from aquatic habitats are characterized in this study using morphological features and phylogenetic analyses. Four new species of Neoacanthostigma, viz. N. aquaticum, N. brunneisporum, N. guangxiense and N. latisporum, are described and illustrated. The phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, LSU and TEF1α sequence data place all taxa in the genus Neoacanthostigma (Tubeufiaceae, Tubeufiales) and provide evidence to support the establishment of the new taxa. The differentiating morphological characters of Neoacanthostigma with other helicosporous species are compared and discussed. A key to all Neoacanthostigma species is also provided.

Aquatic fungi from Lake Fuxian, Yunnan, China

Article

Full-text available

Jan 2000

Sixty-four higher fungi were recorded on submerged wood, bamboo and tree roots in Lake Fuxian, Yunnan, China. Aniptodera chesapeakensis, Dictyosporium heptasporum, and Savoryella lignicola were frequently collected on wood samples. The occurrence of Halosarpheia retorquens and Halosphaeria cucullata, which have previously been recorded from marine habitats, is interesting, while a species of Lulworthia is the first record of this genus from a lake. Pseudohalonectria fuxianii sp. nov. is described and illustrated and compared with similar species in the genus. This is the first report of aquatic fungal communities in a lake from mainland China and the data is compared with previous studies.

Studies of Pyrenomycetes: VII

Article

Jan 1964

C. Booth

On the family Tubeufiaceae (Pleosporales)

Article

Jan 1980

M.E. Barr

Tubeufia dactylariae sp. nov. and Acanthostigma scopulum, a new record of Taiwan

Article

Jul 2003

H.S. Chang

A holomorphic fungus connected with a peculiar anamorph resembling the form-genus Dactylaria was discovered and described as a new species of the genus Tubeufia. In addition, a new recorded ascomycete Acanthostigma scopulum was also illustrated and described.

Two new hyaline Chalara species, and a key to species described since 1975

Article

Oct 2002

Chalara siamense sp. nov. is described from dead petioles of Eleiodoxa conferta (Arecaceae) collected in Thailand, while a second hyaline species, C. schoenoplecti sp. nov., is described from senescent culms of Schoenoplectus litoralis (Cyperaceae) collected in Hong Kong. They are compared with similar species. Three species informally described by T. Matsushima are given Latin binomials and type specimens indicated, and a key to species described since 1975 is provided.

Life history studies of Brazilian Ascomycetes 2

Article

Jan 1978
SYDOWIA

G.J. Samuels

Goidanichiella fusiforma sp. nov. from palm fronds in Brunei and Thailand

Article

Jan 2002

Goidanichiella fusiforma sp. nov. was identified from collections of decaying palm fronds in tropical rainforests in Brunei and Thailand. The new taxon is described and illustrated, and compared with similar taxa.

The Tubeufiaceae and similar Loculoascomycetes

Article