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Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Pandanus odoratissimus Extract
Abstract
This study examined the anti-inflammatory activity of Pandanus odoratissimus . Anti-inflammatory drugs presently available for the treatment of various inflammatory disorders have diverse and undesirable side effects. In recent years, many active chemicals have been isolated from plants possessing anti-inflammatory activity. The anti-inflammatory activity was estimated by carrageenan-induced acute and formalin-induced chronic paw edema models in rats. The methanolic extract of Pandanus odoratissimus was given in the doses of 25, 50 and100 mg kg <SUP>-1</SUP>. The plant extract at the dose of 100 mg kg <SUP>-1</SUP> showed significant anti-inflammatory activity peaked at 3 h where, it caused inhibition for the increase in carrageenan-induced acute (68%) and for the increase in formalin-induced chronic (64.2%) paw edema models in rats. The standard drug was used as diclofenac sodium. As a result methanolic extract of Pandanus odoratissimus was shown to have an anti-inflammatory activity.
... Aqueous extract of Pandanus Odoratissimus L. is reported to possess promising activity as compared to methanolic extract. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] 18) m in height, with about the same canopy spread. Plants of spiny trunks. ...
... These criteria are the challenge for most researcher and formulation scientist. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Capsules are the common dosage form considered for many oral drugs that perceive good patient compliance and more simply to manufacture with less cost compare to the manufacturing of tablet. There is a considerable need to dry the extracted plant prior to the capsule filling process in order to eliminate the moisture content. ...
... Aqueous extract of Pandanus Odoratissimus L. is reported to possess promising activity as compared to methanolic extract. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] 18) m in height, with about the same canopy spread. Plants of spiny trunks. ...
... These criteria are the challenge for most researcher and formulation scientist. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Capsules are the common dosage form considered for many oral drugs that perceive good patient compliance and more simply to manufacture with less cost compare to the manufacturing of tablet. There is a considerable need to dry the extracted plant prior to the capsule filling process in order to eliminate the moisture content. ...
... Similarly, Pandan (Pandanus odoratissimus) also has promising medicinal properties; according to (Adkar & Bhaskar, 2014;Londonkar et al., 2010;Rahayu et al., 2013), pandan has antifungal, antiviral, anthelmintic, antidiabetic, antiepileptic, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, aphrodisiac and antidiabetic. Combining these ingredients can offer a wide range of health benefits. ...
Extension is systematically transferring technology, innovation, or information based on the community's needs. This paper aims to provide technology demonstration and commercialization of ginger turmeric pandan tea granules with Utility Model Registration Number 2-20170502256 to selected associations. The five associations that were trained have adopted the technology. This extension program was conducted through a series of training sessions and demonstrations of production. A memorandum of agreement or memorandum of understanding was inked between parties. The results of the training showed a very satisfactory overall score (4.76) ranging from 4.67 to 4.85, using the BUEMD evaluation tool. Gender roles in production and commercialization were observed, wherein most of the processes were predominantly performed by women. Commercialization of the product showed a positive return on investment (ROI). However, further clinical study and impact assessment are recommended.
... Although several studies on anti-inflammatory potential of P. tectorius have previously been conducted, most of them involved the plant leaves extracts. [17,18] Ethanol leaves extract rich by the chemical constituents of tannins, sterols, triterpenes, and flavonoids. There are currently no data available on in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of P. tectorius fruits. ...
... Asian pigeon wings, for example, have demonstrated the ability to reduce starch digestion when added to bread (Chusak et al., 2018). Pandan leaves have been associated with anti-inflammatory properties (Londonkar et al., 2010), and ...
This study aimed to increase resistant starch (RS) content in cooked KDML 105 rice. Various factors were investigated, such as rice type, cultivation area, oil type, rice cooker, and Thai herbs. This study found that the choice of oil and the incorporation of specific Thai herbs had a significant impact on the RS content of cooked KDML 105 rice. Using extra virgin coconut oil increased RS content, while certain Thai herbs, particularly Pandan leaves juice and butterfly pea flower, contributed to both increased RS content. Sao Hai rice had the highest RS content (4.31 ± 0.30 %). Saline soil areas did not significantly affect RS content in KDML 105 rice. Using extra virgin coconut oil and pressure rice cookers increased RS content significantly (1.40 ± 0.23 %). Incorporating four Thai herbs improved RS content. Notably, soaking rice in 2 % citric acid, mixing with extra virgin coconut oil, Thai herb and pressure cooking significantly increased RS content.
... Plants have been used in traditional medicine to treat diseases and hence possess a great potential for producing new drugs. Some plants have been reported to possess anti-inflammatory activity [7,8,9]. Within the genus Terminalia, species such as T. chebula, T.arjuna, T. bellirica and T. catappa were also reported to possess anti-inflammatory activity [10,11,12]. ...
Background: Terminalia avicennioides stem bark has been used in the management of pain and inflammatory disorders in northern Nigeria. This study evaluated the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of T. avicennioides stem bark extract and its fractions. The correlation of these effects to the presence and concentration of phenolics was also ascertained. Study Design: Experimental Design. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Idu, Abuja, Nigeria. The study was conducted from October to December 2022. Methods: A 70%v/v ethanol extract of T. avicennioides stem bark was prepared. Aqueous and ethyl acetate fractions (AF, EF) and sub-fractions (EF1 – EF4) were also prepared. The antioxidant capacity of the extract and fractions were determined using DPPH radical scavenging test, while xylene-induced topical ear edema and formalin test were used to assess antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity. The ethyl acetate sub-fractions were further assessed using the egg albumin–induced inflammation. The extract and fractions were characterized by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and phenolic content was quantified as gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/mg of extract or fraction. Results: The ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions showed higher antioxidant capacity compared to the parent ethanol extract. T. avicennioides ethanol extract significantly inhibited pain (p<0.001) and inflammatory responses (p<0.05) and these effects were more significant compared to those produced by the fractions. Fractions AF and EF exhibited similar activity, although EF produced better inhibition of pain and topical edema. The subfraction EF2 also showed anti-inflammatory activity but this effect was insignificant (p>0.05). The HPLC profiles of the extract and fractions showed peaks corresponding to caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, and gallic acid. The EF and AF revealed higher peak areas corresponding to gallic acid and rutin respectively. This correlated with a comparatively high gallic acid content and antioxidant effect of the ethyl acetate fraction (GAE: 1.32/mg, IC50 = 0.036 mg/ml), relative to the extract (GAE: 0.88/mg, IC50 = 0.052 mg/ml). Conclusion: The constituents responsible for the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity of T. avicennioides extract appear distinct from antioxidative principles in phenolics-rich fractions.
... The dipole torque in protons altered dramatically, as seen by analyzing the dipole moments, proving that the inhibitor is actually physically adsorbed on the steel surface in the form of a proton can molecule [77]. However, the research does not provide any indication of a connection between inhibitory efficacy [78]. It is asserted that the electronic inhibitor on the metal surface will be more effective at suppressing the reaction if ∆N is lower than 3.6 [79]. ...
Metal surfaces can become damaged by corrosion when they interact with their surroundings, leading to huge financial losses. The use of corrosion inhibitors is one of the most crucial ways to combat the risky and hazardous effects of corrosion. In the present research, electrochemical techniques and surface analysis have been used to characterize the inhibition properties of (3-hydroxy-4-((4-nitrophenyl)diazenyl)-5-(phenylamino)thiophen-2-yl)(phenyl)methanone for the corrosion of carbon steel in an aerated 1.0 M HCl solution. Steel’s corrosion resistance was discovered to be improved by the presence of the examined inhibitor in 1.0 M HCl medium through the adsorption of the inhibitor species to create a barrier layer. The findings showed that when inhibitor concentrations increased and solution temperatures decreased, the inhibition performance (%IE) of the compound under study enhanced. In the light of inhibitor probe’s chemical makeup and theoretical analysis, the mechanism of the inhibition process was addressed. In a 1.0 M HCl solution containing 5 × 10−5 M of the inhibitor, the inhibition performance, at room temperature, was found to be almost 97%. The electrochemical results revealed that the examined compound successfully prevented carbon steel corrosion as a mixed-type inhibitor. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms are pursued by the adsorption of the examined inhibitor. Additionally, using Arrhenius and transition state equations, the activation thermodynamic parameters ΔEa, ΔH*, and ΔS* were determined and explained. The adsorption process was illustrated using DFT computation and MC simulations. The experimental findings and theoretical simulations concurred surprisingly well. Finally, the paper presents a discussion of the inhibitory mechanism.
... The plant extract at the dose of 100mg kg−1 showed significant antiinflammatory activity at 3 h observation where, it caused increase in inhibition of paw edema by carrageenan-induced acute (689) and the formalininduced chronic (64.29) paw edema models with standard drug diclofenac sodium in rats. 76 P. odoratissimus (kewda) has been used in rheumatic fever, rheumatism, and rheumatoid arthritis. The major components of the hydrodistilled kewda oil are 2-phenyl ethyl methyl ether terpene-4-ol, α-terpineol, 2-phenyl ethyl alcohol benzyl benzoate, and so forth. ...
Rheumatoid arthritis is an immune mediated inflammatory disease (IMID). Rheumatoid arthritis occurs when our immune system attacks the tissues near joints, this is due to release of certain chemicals and enzymes that begin to eat away the cartilage and bones. Rheumatoid arthritis affects all the joints in the body, some forms of arthritis can also affect the body’s internal organs. The symptoms of Rheumatoid arthritis include inflammation, pain, swelling and stiffness of the joints, it can also lead to deformity and disability of the joint in severe cases. There are several causes for Rheumatoid arthritis these causes are unknown but some include genetic factor, family history, age, environmental factors, hormones, smoking etc. This paper gives an overview of the medicinal plants with phytoconstituents which can be used in the treatment of RA and different treatments available for Rheumatoid arthritis. These medicinal plants can be extracted and phytoconstituents can be isolated, pharmacological studies can be carried out and the plants can be further explored for future studies. Even modern drugs used for the better improvement of the symptoms, offer only temporary relief and produce severe side effects, so researchers rely on natural remedies, for treatment of various diseases, with efficacy and safety, and with fewer side effects.
... In a rotary evaporator, the extracted material was ltered and concentrated. 62,63 To achieve a concentration of 1 g L À1 , 1000 mL of water was used to dilute 1 gram of Eruca sativa seeds extract, and 1 M of hydrochloric acid was prepared as a corrosive medium. Varied volumes of Eruca sativa seeds extract (1 g L À1 ) were collected from the stock solution to make different quantities of extract with corrosive media. ...
The adsorption activity and inhibition effect of Eruca sativa seed extract as a green inhibitor for the dissolution of carbon steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid solution were investigated. In this study, we used a chemical technique (gravimetric method), electrochemical techniques, electrical frequency modulation (EFM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization techniques, and theoretical studies. In addition to these techniques, we examined the surface morphology of the carbon steel utilizing different methods. The measurements of the polarization technique indicate that this extract acts as a mixed-type inhibitor. Thermodynamic parameters were calculated and discussed. The adsorption of Eruca sativa seed extracts on the alloy obeys the Langmuir and Henry adsorption isotherms. The extract gives an excellent inhibition efficiency 94.8% by a gravimetric method at 0.3 g L⁻¹ from the extract. The relationship between the calculated % IE from experiments and the theoretical studies was established.
... The coastal areas of Ganjam district of Odisha state support luxuriant growth of the species (Rout et al., 2015). The plant has a wide range of medicinal properties and is reported to have anti-inflammatory and analgesic (Londonkar et al., 2010;Udupa et al., 2011), antioxidant (Kaewklom and Vejaratpimol, 2011;Kumar et al., 2011), anticancer (Raj et al., 2014), cardioprotective (Sobhana et al., 2014;Kamala et al., 2016), antidiabetic (Kumari et al., 2012) and cytotoxic activity (Jitu et al., 2017). It is used as one of the ingredients in several Ayurvedic formulations (Andriani et al., 2015). ...
Pandanus odorifer (Forssk.) Kuntze commonly known as Kewda is an economically important essential oil bearing plant belonging to the family Pandanaceae. Kewda flower distillation industry in Ganjam district (Odisha) accounts for nearly 90 % of the production of commercially important Kewda perfumes in the country and 50 % of that of the world. Economically, it is an important natural bioresource for the perfumery industry due to the exquisite fragrance it possesses. Besides the extensive use of Kewda male flowers for perfume production, other parts of the plant are also used in fibre, food, pharmaceuticals and handcraft industries. Hence, the plant contributes to be the livelihood of the local people of Ganjam district by providing an alternative source of income for the poor coastal villagers. Reports on the molecular characterization of Kewda germplasm using molecular markers are scanty. Molecular marker based assessment of genetic diversity in Kewda is very important for germplasm characterization, conservation and future improvement of the taxon. Hence, in the present study, 43 highly polymorphic molecular markers i.e. 13 ISSRs (Inter Simple Sequence Repeats) and 30 SSRs (Simple Sequence Repeats) were screened on 84 Kewda accessions collected from different zones of Ganjam district, Odisha. Both ISSR and SSR markers showed moderate level of polymorphism i.e. 68.63 % and 74.36 % respectively. Dendrogram was constructed by UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean) cluster analysis for both the ISSR and SSR markers and the result was confirmed by Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) and population genetic study (POPGENE) was also done. SSR system was found to be more effective than ISSR system in evaluating the genetic diversity in Kewda accessions. The information obtained from genetic diversity analysis could be used for future breeding programmes for Kewda improvement to meet its ever increasing demand in the perfumery industry.
... A number of biological and phytochemical activities of mangrove associates have been described. For example, the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity of phenolic from H. tiliaceus and P. odoratissimus leaf extracts have been described [6][7]. R. communis leaf extracts have been shown to have antimicrobial property [8]. ...
This present study reports the analysis of phytochemical, physicochemical, and
microscopic of selected mangrove associates leaves, namely Acacia auriculiformis, Hibiscus
tiliaceus, Pandanus odoratissimus, Pometia pinnata, and Ricinus communis. Phytochemical was
performed on mangrove leaves based on the developed method. Physicochemical properties of
mangrove leaves were determined by simplicial powder that consists of moisture content, watersoluble,
ethanol soluble, ash content and the essay extract was carried out to the standard method.
Microscopic observation on the simplicial powder was done according to World Health
Organization (WHO) method. Phytochemical screening of simplicial powder shows variation
among the species, only saponin and triterpenoid/phytosterol were detected in all species. By
contrast, the phytochemical analysis in the hexane extract alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides,
saponin, and tannin was not identified, however, only triterpenoid/steroid was observed in all
species. Physicochemical properties also depict diversity among the species and significant
finding on the water content was under 10% as a condition for the drug. Microscopic screening
found a different type of stomata in mangrove associates leaves, H. tiliaceus and P. pinnata had
paracytic stomata-type, P. odoratissimus and R. communis contained anomocytic, only A.
auriculiformis was distinct type due to having two kinds of stomata: paracytic and anisocytic.
The present study may provide potential biological and medicinal properties from mangrove
associates leaves.
... The studies on the anti-inflammatory activity of the methanolic extract of Pandanus Odoratissimus showed significant anti-inflammatory activity 11 . Acute Anti-InflammatoryActivity: Pandanus Odoratissimus has been used in rheumatic fever, rheumatism, and rheumatoid arthritis. ...
The compound Stigmast-5, 22-dien-3β-ol has been isolated and identified from ethanolic extract of the stem bark of Pandanus Odaritissimus Linn. Structure was established by chemical and spectroscopic methods. Antimicrobial Activity of the isolated compound against some microbes has been tested and reported. Chemical Compound Studied: CID 5280794
... Kumar et al. (2010) Londonkar et al. (2010) Londonkar et al. (2011) CNS depressant effects on albino mice Antidiarrheal activity against castor oil-induced diarrhoea in rats Anticonvulsant activity against epileptic mice Diuretic activity of extract and isolated squalene Neuroprotective activity in mice model with Parkinson's diseaseRaju et al. (2011) Rahman et al. (2014) Adkar et al. (2014) Tan et al. (2014) Sitepu et al. (2016) Stem bark Cytotoxic steroids isolated from the stem bark Carver and Truscott (1993); Hoa et al. (2014) Root Anti-hyperglycemic activity in alloxan-induced diabetic rats Protective effects on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats Strong antioxidant activity of isolated compounds Madhavan et al. (2008) Mishra et al. (2015) ...
Artocarpus altilis (breadfruit) and Pandanus tectorius (screw pine) are two cultural icons of Oceania. Fruits of both species are rich in carbohydrates, and contain proteins, vitamins and minerals. Endowed with triterpenes, flavonoids, stilbenes, arylbenzofurans and sterols as chemical constituents, fruits of A. altilis possess antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer and anti-hyperglycemic properties. With phenolic compounds such as flavonoids and caffeoylquinic acids, fruits of P. tectorius possess antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-diabetic, a-glucosidase inhibitory and antidiarrheal properties. In comparison, more bioactivities have been reported in other plant parts such as leaves, bark, wood and root of these two species. Nevertheless, the scientific evidence is convincing that the regular consumption of fruits of A. altilis and P. tectorius by the islanders of the Pacific does have both nutritive and medicinal values.
... Leaves/ Diabetes mellitus Antioxidant activity (Kang et al., 2010) Momordica charantia L. Whole plant/ Diabetes mellitus Anti-diabetic activity (Raman and Lau, 1996) Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. Seed/ Cardiotonic Antioxidant activity (Huang et al., 2010) Ocimum basilicum L. Whole plant/ Fever Antibacterial activity (Patil et al., 2011) Oldenlandia corymbosa L. Whole plant/ Fever Anti-malarial activity (Mishra et al., 2009) Paederia foetida L. Leaves/ Laxative Anti-diarrhoeal activity (Afroz et al., 2006) Pandanus odoratissimus L. Root/ Dysuria Anti-inflammatory (Londonkar et al., 2010) Passiflorra foetida L. Whole plant/ Fever Antibacterial activity (Mohanasundari et al., 2007) Phyllanthus amarus Schum & Thonn. Whole plant/ Diabetes mellitus Antidiabetic activity (Shetti et al., 2012) Phyllanthus urinaria L. Whole plant/ Fever Antimalarial and antipyretic activity (Hout et al., 2006) Pluchea indica (L.) Less. ...
Background: Upper Songkhla Lake, a single lagoon of Thailand, is surrounded by sandy, mangrove, and swamp forests. Many plants growing in these areas have medicinal properties, however they have never been investigated. The aim of this study was to explore medicinal plants from upper Songkhla Lake, Songkhla and Phatthalung provinces.Materials and Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven key informants to get information regarding the local names, parts and utilization, method of preparation, route of administration and properties of plants. Voucher specimens were prepared, identified and deposited.Results: In total, 95 species belonging to 82 genera in 46 families were found. Among them 26 groups of ailments could be classified, and most of the herbal plants were used for antipyretic (24.30%).Conclusion: It was found that the natural sources of medicinal plants were damaged by many human activities. Therefore, this compilation of medicinal plants will be the data evidence for further conservation of the plants.
... The methanolic extract of P. odoratissimus was given in the doses of 25, 25, and 100 mg/kg −1 . The plant extract at the dose of 100 mg kg −1 showed significant anti-inflammatory activity at 3 h observation where, it caused increase in inhibition of paw edema by carrageenan-induced acute (689) and the formalin-induced chronic (64.29) paw edema models with standard drug diclofenac sodium in rats [22]. ...
Pandanus odoratissimus Linn. (family: Pandanaceae) is traditionally recommended by the Indian Ayurvedic medicines for treatment of headache, rheumatism, spasm, cold/flu, epilepsy, wounds, boils, scabies, leucoderma, ulcers, colic, hepatitis, smallpox, leprosy, syphilis, and cancer and as a cardiotonic, antioxidant, dysuric, and aphrodisiac. It contains phytochemicals, namely, lignans
and isoflavones, coumestrol, alkaloids, steroids, carbohydrates, phenolic compounds, glycosides, proteins, amino acids as well as vitamins and nutrients, and so forth. It is having immense importance in nutrition. A 100 g edible Pandanus pericarp is mainly comprised of water and carbohydrates (80 and 17 g, resp.) and protein (1.3 mg), fat (0.7 mg), and fiber (3.5 g). Pandanus fruits paste provides 321 kilocalories, protein (2.2 g), calcium (134 mg), phosphorus (108 mg), iron (5.7 mg), thiamin (0.04 mg), vitamin
C (5 mg), and beta-carotene (19 to 19,000𝜇g) (a carotenoid that is a precursor to vitamin A). Pandanus fruit is an important source of vitamins C, B1, B2, B3, and so forth, usually prepared as a Pandanus floured drink. Traditional claims were scientifically evaluated by the various authors and the phytochemical profile of plant parts was well established. The methods for analytical estimations were developed. However, there is paucity of systematic compilation of scientifically important information about this plant. In the present review we have systematically reviewed and compiled information of pharmacognostic, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, nutritional aspects, and analytical methods. This review will enrich knowledge leading the way into the discovery of new therapeutic agents with improved and intriguing pharmacological properties.
... Inflammation is a protection mechanism as a reaction to injuries leading to the build-up of oedema (Sosa et al. 2002). Several medications such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes are known to influence pathophysiological pathway that cause inflammation (Londonkar et al. 2010). Thus, the anti-inflammatory aspect of this reaction are indeed important. ...
This study was carried out to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of three concentrations of Labisia pumila (Blume) F. Vill-Naves aqueous leaf extract in rats. The effects of these extracts as anti-inflammatory agents were determined using two experiments namely formalin-induced paw licking and carrageenan-induced paw oedema test. The exposure of inflammation to various treatments resulted in significant differences between treatments in formalin-induced paw licking in rats experiment whereas in phase 2, 50 mg kg-1 of L. pumila extract showed the most significant inhibition of 82.12%, followed by 10 mg kg-1 with 76.00% and 25 mg kg-1 with 57.80%. Similarly, different treatments showed significant effects at p<0.05 in the carrageenan inducing paw oedema experiment. All treatments were able to suppress the oedema formation induced by carrageenan as compared with the control. It is evident that the anti-inflammtory effect of every concentration of L. pumila extract started as early as the first hour of carrageenan injection and showed the maximum inhibition during the fifth hour. Again, 50 mg kg-1 of L. pumila extract was found to be the best treatment that could reduce inflammation with highest inhibition of 64.59% followed by 25 mg kg-1 with 56.99% and 10 mg kg-1 with 5.55%. The result of this study has shown that these extracts of L. pumila can be effective for anti-inflammation purposes which supports and justifies traditional uses of this plant.
... Dried plant powder weighed carefully and used for extract preparation through soxhlet apparatus at respective temperature. The extract obtained was filtered and concentrated in rotary evaporator [14,15]. The concentrated plant extracts (semi-solid mass) were lyophilized and than store the dried organic extracts in air tight brown bottles. ...
Abstract
Objective: To Determine the phytochemical composition of E. sativa (stem, leaves, flowers and seeds), and evaluate their antioxidant activity.
Method: Preliminary phytochemical screening for all parts of E. sativa (stem, leaves, flowers and seeds) was carried out according to standard methods. Total phenolic contents of all methanolic extracts of E. sativa, have been quantified spectrophotometrically. Hydrogen Peroxidase and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical assays have been used to analyze antioxidant characteristics of all extracts of E. sativa (leaves, stem, seed, flowers and seeds). Further separation and identification of number of phenolic compounds has been carried out by Reversed- Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC).
Results: Experimental evaluation indicated that E. sativa is a rich source of secondary phytoconstituents (Alkaloids, flavonoids, Diterpenes, Coumarins, polyphenols, tannins, cardiac glycosides etc). Quantification of total phenolic contents from all aerial parts revealed that they contain significant amount of phenolics particularly seeds and leaves (27.1 ± 0.2 mg, 23.07 ± 0.11GAE/g) respectively. Searation and identification of phenolics from E. sativa stem, leaves, flowers and seeds extracts through RP-HPLC showed presence of variety of important phenolics namely; Vanillin (RT=3.853), Ellagic acid (RT=4.04), Salicylic acid (RT=19.09), Resorcinol (RT=3.30), Catechol (RT=3.53), Quercetin (RT=18.91), Benzoic acid (RT=10.4), Tannic acid (RT=5.06), Kaempferol (RT=8.70) and Rutin (RT=9.2).
Conclusion: Results revealed that E. sativa is a rich source of secondary phytoconstituents which impart significant antioxidant potential. This work also contributes significantly to support the claim about the use of this herb in folk medicines. Further investigation regarding isolation and purification of a number of phytoconstituents from leaves, stem, flowers and seeds of E. sativa may yield optimal combinations of therapeutic alternates.
Cancer is a large group of diseases that can start in almost any organ or tissue of the body when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably, go beyond their usual boundaries to invade adjoining parts of the body and/or spread to other organs. Breast cancer is the most common cancer worldwide and leading cause of cancer death among women disproportionately affecting individuals in low-and middle-income countries. Use of medicinal plants and their products are almost doubled over the last decade in developing countries. The use of synthetic, natural, or biological agents to minimize the occurrence of cancer in healthy individuals is defined as cancer chemoprevention. Chemopreventive agents inhibit the development of cancer either by impeding DNA damage, which leads to malignancy or by reversing or blocking the division of premalignant cells with DNA damage. The success of using chemopreventive agents for protecting the high-risk populations from cancer indicates that the strategy is rational and promising. However, use of natural compounds for cancer prevention may mitigate associated toxicity. Pandanus Odoratissimus has antiviral, antiallergy, antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer action. The Pandanus Odoratissimus is medicinal plant widely distributed in Yemen. The flowers of Pandanus Odoratissimus were collected from Taiz, Yemen. The objective of the present study was to prepare the extract of Pandanus Odoratissimus flowers as capsules delivery system which used for breast cancer. It was concluded that among the all formulations the formulation F1 is the best results of Pandanus Odoratissimus extract medicinal herbs capsules delivery system as an advanced phytotherapy approach for breast cancer according to the drug release was found to be 98.7% within 60 minutes.
Cancer is a large group of diseases that can start in almost any organ or tissue of the body when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably, go beyond their usual boundaries to invade adjoining parts of the body and/or spread to other organs. Breast cancer is the most common cancer worldwide and leading cause of cancer death among women disproportionately affecting individuals in low-and middle-income countries. Use of medicinal plants and their products are almost doubled over the last decade in developing countries. The use of synthetic, natural, or biological agents to minimize the occurrence of cancer in healthy individuals is defined as cancer chemoprevention. Chemopreventive agents inhibit the development of cancer either by impeding DNA damage, which leads to malignancy or by reversing or blocking the division of premalignant cells with DNA damage. The success of using chemopreventive agents for protecting the high-risk populations from cancer indicates that the strategy is rational and promising. However, use of natural compounds for cancer prevention may mitigate associated toxicity. Pandanus Odoratissimus has antiviral, antiallergy, antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer action. The Pandanus Odoratissimus is medicinal plant widely distributed in Yemen. The flowers of Pandanus Odoratissimus were collected from Taiz, Yemen. The objective of the present study was to prepare the extract of Pandanus Odoratissimus flowers as capsules delivery system which used for breast cancer. It was concluded that among the all formulations the formulation F1 is the best results of Pandanus Odoratissimus extract medicinal herbs capsules delivery system as an advanced phytotherapy approach for breast cancer according to the drug release was found to be 98.7% within 60 minutes.
KEYWORDS: Pandanus Odoratissimus, Extract, Capsules, Medicinal herbs, Breast cancer,
Anticancer, Phytotherapy
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to explore the molecular docking characteristics and antifertility impacts of petroleum ether extract (PEEPO) and chloroform (CHEPO) derived from Pandanus odoratissimus (PO) leaves.
Methods
TriposSybyl-X 2.1 for molecular docking and Swiss ADME for ADME predictions were used. Antifertility activity was determined by using two in vivo animal models, with a focus on estrogenic/antiestrogenic activity and anti-implantation effects.
Results
The findings showed that at different doses (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg), PEEPO had more anti-implantation effect than CHEPO. After taking either extract orally for up to 4,000 mg/kg, no acute toxicity was found. Furthermore, both extracts substantially raised blood oestrogen levels while lowering serum cholesterol and LDL levels, improving their antiimplantation and estrogenic activities, whether given alone or in combination with ethinyl estradiol. Molecular docking scores suggested strong interactions between phytochemicals in the extracts and estrogen receptors. ADME studies highlighted four phytochemicals present in PO leaves, showing high gastrointestinal absorption, blood-brain barrier permeability, and negative Log Kp values, indicating their potential as antifertility agents.
Conclusions
The phytochemicals in both PEEPO and CHEPO demonstrated promising antifertility potential and interactions with estrogen receptors. Isolation of these phytochemicals could lead to the development of effective herbal antifertility formulations.
Cancer is a large group of diseases that can start in almost any organ or tissue of the body when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably, go beyond their usual boundaries to invade adjoining parts of the body and/or spread to other organs. Breast cancer is the most common cancer worldwide and leading cause of cancer death among women disproportionately affecting individuals in low-and middle-income countries. Use of medicinal plants and their products are almost doubled over the last decade in developing countries. The use of synthetic, natural, or biological agents to minimize the occurrence of cancer in healthy individuals is defined as cancer chemoprevention. Chemopreventive agents inhibit the development of cancer either by impeding DNA damage, which leads to malignancy or by reversing or blocking the division of premalignant cells with DNA damage. The success of using chemopreventive agents for protecting the high-risk populations from cancer indicates that the strategy is rational and promising. However, use of natural compounds for cancer prevention may mitigate associated toxicity. Pandanus Odoratissimus has antiviral, antiallergy, antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer action. The Pandanus Odoratissimus is medicinal plant widely distributed in Yemen. The flowers of Pandanus Odoratissimus were collected from Taiz, Yemen. The objective of the present study was to prepare the extract of Pandanus Odoratissimus flowers as capsules delivery system which used for breast cancer. It was concluded that among the all formulations the formulation F1 is the best results of Pandanus Odoratissimus extract medicinal herbs capsules delivery system as an advanced phytotherapy approach for breast cancer according to the drug release was found to be 98.7% within 60 minutes.
Cancer is a large group of diseases that can start in almost any organ or tissue of the body when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably, go beyond their usual boundaries to invade adjoining parts of the body and/or spread to other organs. Breast cancer is the most common cancer worldwide and leading cause of cancer death among women disproportionately affecting individuals in low-and middle-income countries. Use of medicinal plants and their products are almost doubled over the last decade in developing countries. The use of synthetic, natural, or biological agents to minimize the occurrence of cancer in healthy individuals is defined as cancer chemoprevention. Chemopreventive agents inhibit the development of cancer either by impeding DNA damage, which leads to malignancy or by reversing or blocking the division of premalignant cells with DNA damage. The success of using chemopreventive agents for protecting the high-risk populations from cancer indicates that the strategy is rational and promising. However, use of natural compounds for cancer prevention may mitigate associated toxicity. Pandanus Odoratissimus has antiviral, antiallergy, antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer action. The Pandanus Odoratissimus is medicinal plant widely distributed in Yemen. The flowers of Pandanus Odoratissimus were collected from Taiz, Yemen. The objective of the present study was to prepare the extract of Pandanus Odoratissimus flowers as capsules delivery system which used for breast cancer. It was concluded that among the all formulations the formulation F1 is the best results of Pandanus Odoratissimus extract medicinal herbs capsules delivery system as an advanced phytotherapy approach for breast cancer according to the drug release was found to be 98.7% within 60 minutes.
Cancer is a large group of diseases that can start in almost any organ or tissue of the body when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably, go beyond their usual boundaries to invade adjoining parts of the body and/or spread to other organs. Breast cancer is the most common cancer worldwide and leading cause of cancer death among women disproportionately affecting individuals in low-and middle-income countries. Use of medicinal plants and their products are almost doubled over the last decade in developing countries. The use of synthetic, natural, or biological agents to minimize the occurrence of cancer in healthy individuals is defined as cancer chemoprevention. Chemopreventive agents inhibit the development of cancer either by impeding DNA damage, which leads to malignancy or by reversing or blocking the division of premalignant cells with DNA damage. The success of using chemopreventive agents for protecting the high-risk populations from cancer indicates that the strategy is rational and promising. However, use of natural compounds for cancer prevention may mitigate associated toxicity. Pandanus Odoratissimus has antiviral, antiallergy, antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer action. The Pandanus Odoratissimus is medicinal plant widely distributed in Yemen. The flowers of Pandanus Odoratissimus were collected from Taiz, Yemen. The objective of the present study was to prepare the extract of Pandanus Odoratissimus flowers as capsules delivery system which used for breast cancer. It was concluded that among the all formulations the formulation F1 is the best results of Pandanus Odoratissimus extract medicinal herbs capsules delivery system as an advanced phytotherapy approach for breast cancer according to the drug release was found to be 98.7% within 60 minutes.
KEYWORDS: Pandanus Odoratissimus, Extract, Capsules, Medicinal herbs, Breast cancer, Anticancer, Phytotherapy
Pandanus odorifer (kewda) has been deemed to be a quite crucial plant of great medical and economic importance in different areas of the world. Being native to coastlines, sea shores and other common water bodies of certain regions like South Asia, Western Africa, Northern, Australia, Polynesia, and the Pacific Island. Being a staple food, kewda fruits are in high demand and are also equipped with diversified nutritional sources, including both macronutrients and micronutrients. Owing to its various phytochemicals, particularly PEME (Phenyl ethyl methyl ester), the kewda plant finds wide applications in the perfumery industry. In addition to traditional handicraft products, different parts of the kewda plant exhibit pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, regular replantation and propagation of kewda plants are necessary for the sustainable growth of kewda trees with desirable traits. The extraction of kewda essential oil followed by steam distillation of kewda flowers has been in practice since conventional times and tends to be improved since then. Moreover, different pests and diseases adversely affect the vegetative growth of kewda trees which predominantly include certain bacterial and fungal species, nematodes, and pests as well. Hence, proper precautionary measures must be taken to promote the sustainable growth of kewda plants.
The aim of this study was to explore medicinal plants from upper Songkhla lake, Songkhla and Phatthalung provinces. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven key informants to get information regarding to the local names, parts and utilization, method of preparation, route of administration and properties of plants. Voucher specimens were prepared, identified and deposited. In total, 95 species belonging to 82 genera in 46 families were found. Among them 26 groups of ailments could be classified, and most of herbal plants were used for antipyretic (24.30%). However, only 39 medicinal plants were related to biological activities previously reported. Therefore, it is interesting to focus on these activities of remaining plants to confirm folk utilization of local healers. This compilation of medicinal plants will promote their practical use and be the data evidence for further conservation of the plants.
Belief on the therapeutic values of herbal medicine is in increasing trend and the consumption of traditional medicine is also in upward trend. The quality control and assurance of these traditional medicines is a prime criterion for any herbal drug manufacturer. Venpucani ilakam (VPI) is a classical poly herbal Siddha medicine under the category Ilakam (Legiyam in Ayurveda). This poly herbal medicine is a combination of 18 ingredients of plants and animal origins. An attempt was made to prepare the drug with authenticated ingredients and subjected to physicochemical analysis, thin layer chromatographic photo documentation and high performance thin layer chromatographic finger printing. The TLC photo documentation of defatted chloroform extract showed nine spots under UV 254, ten spots under UV 366 nm and eleven spots after derivatization with vanillin sulphuric acid; defatted success ethanol extract showed five spots under short wavelength, six spots under long wavelength and seven spots after derivatization. HPTLC finger printing recorded eleven peaks under 254 nm, seventeen under 366 nm and fifteen peaks after derivatization in defatted chloroform extract; nine peaks under 254 nm, eleven peaks under 366 nm and eight peaks after derivatization in defatted ethanol extract. About twenty three percent loss in weight was observed on heating at 105oC and drug was acidic nature. Not less than fourty percentage of the drug was soluble in alcohol and also in water. This drug has wide therapeutic use and the derived results may serve as reference standards.
Pandanus odorifer (Forssk.) Kuntze belongs to the Pandanaceae family. P. odorifer is used in traditional medicines to treat diabetes, jaundice, skin diseases, brain disorders, and urinary tract illnesses. This work aims to present a comprehensive review to analyze, summarize, and document the reported pharmacological activities of this plant species. Compounds such as eugenol, capric acid, germacrene B, camphor, and linalool have been discovered in this plant species. The major electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus) were applied to identify the relevant published studies from 1900 to June 2021. In vitro and in vivo level of scientific evidence of pharmacological activities of various extracts and active compounds of this plant species is available at the moment. Pharmacological investigations show that P. odorifer possesses such as antioxidant, chemoprotective, antidepressant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activities. This work provides a basis for further pharmacological and phytochemical researches using P. odorifer.
Acne is a common skin disorder that affects both adolescents and adults. Acne vulgaris affects about 85% of teenagers and may continue to adulthood. There are about two million visits to physicians per year for teenagers and the direct cost of acne treatment in the US exceeds $1 billion per year. Psychological, social, and emotional impairments that result from acne have been estimated to be equal and in some instances higher than that of diabetes, arthritis, epilepsy, and asthma. There is no ideal treatment for acne until now. Conventional drugs are associated with recurrence of acne and disastrous side effects on long-term usage. Unani medicines are gaining increased popularity due to their advantages, such as better patient tolerance, long history of use, fewer side effects, and relatively less expensive. Furthermore, they have provided good evidence for the treatment of a wide variety of difficult-to-cure diseases. More importantly, other than consumption as preventive or treatment remedy, they might be accompanied by synthetic drugs to reduce their side effects. Topical Unani drugs are an important part of the treatment strategy in dealing with acne. Many Unani topical drugs with anti-inflammation, wound healing, and antibacterial activities are used in different ways in the treatment of acne and other infective diseases. The present paper presents a list of topical Unani drugs used in the prevention and treatment of acne vulgaris for centuries.
Santalum album Linn ( S.album ) has been traditionally used to treat inflammation. This research aimed to evaluate topical anti-inflammatory activity of nhexane extract of S.album leaves on croton-oil induced rat ear oedema. The anti-inflammatory activity test was done using 25 Wistar rats which divided randomly into five groups. Group 1 (negative control, croton oil 35% in acetone only), group 2 (positive control, hydrocortisone drug 2.5% and croton oil), and groups 3, 4, and 5 treated with 10, 20, and 40 mg/ear of n -hexane extracts respectively along with the croton oil. The rat ear-oedema thickness was measured manually using micrometre after 6 hours of observation. The topical application of n -hexane extract of S.album leaf at doses 10 and 20 mg/ear, and hydrocortisone significantly reduced croton-oil induced rat ear oedemawith percentage inhibition of 36, 52, and 73 % respectively. However, at a higher dose of 40 mg/ear, it did not significantly inhibit inflammation as compare to negative control. Histology analysis result also revealed that n hexane extract at doses 10 and 20 mg/ear, and hydrocortisone decreased significantly infiltration of leukocytes. Based on this result, it can be concluded that n -hexane extract of Santalun album Linn leaf showed topical anti-inflammatory activity in a dose dependent manner.
Family Pandanaceae is one of the economically important families, fulfils the needs of food, medicine and shelter for mankind. The nutritious fruits of edible species are consumed, stem branches are used in construction; the leaves used for weaving mats and making garlands. A detailed survey along the Malabar region and Northeastern Himalayan region of India revealed that among the 14 Pandanus and two Benstonea species, P. odorifer and P. amaryllifolius are commercially exploited for aroma volatiles. The detailed information of Indian Pandanaceae species for their traditional uses, fragrance, pharmaceutically active compounds etc. is given
Pandanus odoratissimus, a perennial, large shrub or small tree, has multifarious medicinal uses. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the antidiarrheal effects of methanol extracts obtained from leaf and fruit of P. odoratissimus. The methanol extracts from the leaf and fruit of P. odoratissimus were evaluated for the antidiarrheal activity in rats. The effects of the extracts on defecation, intestinal transit and intestinal fluid accumulation (enteropooling) were assessed in castor oil-induced diarrhea. Oral administration of leaf and fruit extracts at 200 and 400 mg/kg exhibited significant (P < 0.05–0.01) and dose-dependent antidiarrheal potential in castor oil-induced diarrhea. The diarrheal episode was inhibited by 34.30 % and 47.60 % by leaf extract, whereas 35.11 % and 47.15 % by fruit extract at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg respectively. The extracts were found to possess an antienteropooling in castor oil-induced experimental animals by reducing both weight and volume of intestinal content significantly and also decrease in intestinal transit comparable to that of standard drug, loperamide (5 mg/kg). These findings revealed that methanol extracts of leaf and fruit of P. odoratissimus possess significant antidiarrheal activities.
The present study was carried out to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the petroleum ether and methanol extract of Abelmoschus manihot (Malvaceae) woody stems using paw edema model. The air-dried, powdered woody stems (900 g) were extracted over Soxhlet with petroleum ether and methanol. The crude dried petroleum ether (12 g) and methanol (18 g) extracts was prepared at the doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP> and evaluated for anti-inflammatory using the carrageenan and histamine-induced paw edema test. The results obtained indicate that the extracts possessed significant (p<0.01) anti-inflammatory activity, which was found to be dose-dependent. This study showed that the petroleum ether and methanol extracts of Abelmoschus manihot woody stems possess potential pharmacological active constituents responsible for inhibition of the inflammation effect.
Thirty-seven species of common seaweeds from the coast of Korea were screened for anti-inflammatory activity Methanol extracts of the seaweeds were tested against mouse ear edema and erythema induced by phorbol myristate acetate. At 40 mg ml(-1) of extract, edema was strongly suppressed by the seaweeds Undaria pinnatifida and Ulva linza, with relative inhibition of 85 and 84%, respectively These two seaweeds also showed the greatest suppression of erythema, with inhibition of 78 and 70%, respectively IC50 values of U. pinnatifida were 10, 15, and 18 mg ml(-1) when inflammation symptoms of edema, erythema, and blood flow, respectively were measured. The IC50 of U. linza was 20, 26, and 31 mg ml(-1) when edema, erythema, and blood flow, respectively, were measured. A linear correlation among inhibition rates of edema, erythema, and blood flow was observed with high confidence.
NSAIDs are central to the clinical management of a wide range of conditions. However, NSAIDs in combination with gastric acid, which has been shown to play a central role in upper gastrointestinal (GI) events, can damage the gastroduodenal mucosa and result in dyspeptic symptoms and peptic lesions such as ulceration.NSAID-associated GI mucosal injury is an important clinical problem. Gastroduodenal ulcers or ulcer complications occur in up to 25% of patients receiving NSAIDs. However, these toxicities are often not preceded by indicative symptoms. Data obtained from the Arthritis, Rheumatism, and Aging Medical Information System have shown that 50-60% of NSAID-associated peptic ulcer cases can remain clinically silent and do not present until complications occur. Therefore, prophylactic treatment to prevent GI complications may be necessary in a substantial proportion of NSAID users, especially those in groups associated with a high risk of developing these complications. Use of cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 selective NSAIDs, also known as 'coxibs', substantially reduces the incidence of upper GI toxicities seen with non-selective NSAIDs. However, there are concerns regarding the cardiovascular safety of coxibs. For this reason, the US FDA recommends minimal use of coxibs and only when strictly necessary. Additionally, rofecoxib has been removed from the US market and sales of valdecoxib have been suspended. Furthermore, upper GI toxicities still occur in patients receiving coxibs. Therefore, cotherapies are required to prevent and/or heal upper GI effects associated with NSAID use. Effective prophylactic and treatment strategies include misoprostol, histamine H(2) receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). The key role that gastric acid plays in upper GI adverse events among NSAID users suggests that it is important to choose the most effective agent for acid control to alleviate symptoms, heal mucosal erosions and improve the reduced quality of life in this patient population. PPIs provide effective acid suppression, which is essential to avoid GI mucosal injury, and they are, therefore, capable of dramatically decreasing the morbidity and mortality associated with this disorder. Since many serious GI complications are not heralded by any previous symptoms, physicians need to be aware of risk factor profiles that predispose patients to serious GI problems. Physicians also need to initiate the appropriate preventative acid suppressive therapy to minimise the burden of NSAID-associated GI adverse effects.
Treatment with herbal medicines is very popular in Europe. In order to get information on the evidence of effectiveness of oral herbal medicines in the treatment of pain in the joints or lower back, OVID(MEDLINE), PUBMED and COCHRANE COLLABORATION LIBRARY were searched back to 1985 for systematic reviews. The level of evidence of effectiveness was defined as strong – at least two confirmatory studies demonstrating a clinical relevant effect, moderate – one confirmatory study with a clinical relevant effect and/or multiple exploratory studies of good quality; otherwise the evidence was insufficient or conflicting in the case of inconsistent findings.
Fifteen systematic reviews were identified. The evidence of effectiveness was strong for a proprietary unsaponifiable avocado soybean fraction and Harpagophytum preparations containing >50 mg harpagoside in the daily dosage, moderate for ginger and a proprietary rose hip and seed powder, insufficient for Boswellia serrata gum resin and other herbal preparations and inconsistent for a proprietary willow bark extract.
Further rigorous studies are required to confirm the usefulness of herbal medicines in the treatment of osteoarthritic complaints and chronic low back pain in order to enable acceptance of the herbal medicines into the treatment guidelines. Copyright