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Autorský zákon : komentář /
Abstract
1. vyd.
... 88 U autorských děl například platí, že to, co může vytvořit kdokoliv, není samo o sobě autorskoprávně chráně no. 89 Autorskoprávně volné jsou také například výtvory vytvářené rutinně či mechanic ky, 90 abstraktní prvky (žánr, obecný námět apod.) nebo skutečnosti existující nezávisle na lidském vědomí (přírodní jevy, historické události apod.). ...
The author looks at institute of public domain from the perspective of private law and constitutional law protection. In the paper, the author emphasises the necessity of the existence of public domain as an important source for artistic and scientific creations, analyses its internal structure and addresses the constitutional-law possibilities of its protection. The author sees the constitutional basis of public domain in the general freedom of action [Article 2 (3) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms, Article 2 (4) of the Constitution of the Czech Republic]. The general freedom of action constitutes not only the primary structural principle of the democratic state but also the subjective public right against the state to respect the autonomous manifestations of human’s personality (Constitutional Court rulings file No. I. ÚS 546/03, I. ÚS 167/04). In addition, the general freedom of action “emanates” into the specific fundamental rights and freedoms such as freedom of expression [Article 17 (2) and (4) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms] or the application of the property protection limitations [Article 11 (3) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms].
... 88 U autorských děl například platí, že to, co může vytvořit kdokoliv, není samo o sobě autorskoprávně chráně no. 89 Autorskoprávně volné jsou také například výtvory vytvářené rutinně či mechanic ky, 90 abstraktní prvky (žánr, obecný námět apod.) nebo skutečnosti existující nezávisle na lidském vědomí (přírodní jevy, historické události apod.). ...
The author deals with public domain from the perspective of private law and constitutional law protection. In the paper, the author emphasizes the necessity of the existence of a public domain as an important source for artistic and scientific creations, analyzes the internal structure of the public domain and addresses the constitutional-law possibilities of its protection. The author sees the constitutional basis of the public domain in the general freedom of action [Article 2 (3) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms, Article 2 (4) of the Constitution of the Czech Republic]. The general freedom of action constitutes not only the primary structural principle of the democratic state but also the subjective public right against the state to respect the autonomous manifestations of human’s personality (Constitutional Court rulings file No. I. ÚS 546/03, I. ÚS 167/04). In addition, the general freedom of action "emanates" into the specific fundamental rights and freedoms such as freedom of expression [Article 17 (2) and (4) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms] or the application of the property protection limitations [Article 11 (3) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms].
... ore or less the interpretation of the Copyright Act. Related legal conclusions can be similar also for computer games expressed through computer multimedia technology. Computer games as such can be considered also as audio-visual works within the meaning of Art. 62 of the Czech Copyright Act, and thus be a separate subject to copyright protection".Telec, I., Tůma, P. 2007. Autorský zákon, komentář. C.H.Beck, Praha, p. 40. The copyright protection of GUI was later analyzed also by Šavelka who is of the opinion that there is an essential difference between the GUI as an element of the computer program and GUI as the visual outcome of the software product:"As time went the academics started to use for the d ...
In this paper the author addresses the issue of collective administration of graphical user interfaces according to the impact of the CJEU decision in BSA v. ministry of culture on the case-law in one of EU Member states (Czech Republic). The author analyses the decision of the Czech Supreme Court where this Court concluded that visitors of Internet cafés use graphical user interface actively,which represents relevant usage of a copyrighted works within the meaning of Art. 18 the Czech Copyright Act. In this paper,attention is first paid to the definition of graphical user interface,its brief history and possible regimes of intellectual property protection. Subsequently,the author focuses on copyright protection of graphical user interfaces in the Czech law and interprets the BSA decision from the perspective of collective administration of copyright. Although the graphical user interfaces are independent objects of the copyright protection,if they are used while running the computer program the legal regulation of computer programs has priority. Based on conclusions reached by the Supreme Administrative Court of the Czech Republic in the BSA case,the author claims that collective administration of graphical user interfaces is neither reasonable nor effective.
... 60 of the Copyright Act) or upon request (Sec. 61 of the Copyright Act). 45 In the details on these special types of works and deviation from the standard treatment of the handling of copyrighted works see the comments to relevant sections in (Telec a Tůma 2007). ...
As one of the world's largest collections of published information on the peaceful uses of nuclear science and technology, INIS represents an extraordinary example of world cooperation. Currently, as INIS members, 130 countries and 24 international organizations share and allow access to their valuable nuclear information resources, preserving them for future generations and offering a freely available nuclear knowledge repository. Since its creation in 1970, INIS has collected and provided access to more than 3.8 million bibliographic references to publications, documents, technical reports, non-copyrighted documentation, and other grey literature, as well as over a million full texts. Public interest throughout the years in accessing the INIS Collection has been remarkable. This paper deals with the challenges faced by INIS in its endeavour to increase the use, accessibility, usability and expandability of its on-line repository. It also describes document collection, the features and characteristics of implementing a new search engine, as well as the lessons learned.
... Při tvorbě bezešvého pokrytí může vzniknout potřeba vyhlazení, ořezu nebo "domalování" v mezerách mezi mapovými listy, je však vždy na konkrétním zhodnocení díla, zda se o tvůrčí činnost jedná či nikoliv. Znak copyrightu, který byl uveden u výše zmiňovaného díla (mapového podkladu z Františkova vojenského mapování) proto nemusí nutně znamenat autorsko-právní ochranu samotného díla, ale určité "pořadatelské podmínky" toho, kdo mapový podklad vytvořil [18]. Znak copyrightu zdůrazňuje fakt, že se jedná o chráněné dílo, avšak má zde spíše informativní význam. ...
Geodetický a kartografický obzor ročník 57/99, 2011, číslo 12 299 vykreslování map. Jako podkladový systém byl totiž zvolen systém UTM (Universal Transversal Mercator), ve kterém je dostupný projekt OSM. Jedná se o otevřené mapové pod-klady pod licencí Creative Commons, které pokrývají celý svět a využívají rychlý dlaždicový systém. Navíc je možné projekt OSM snadno využít pro založení vlastního serveru s těmito mapovými podklady. Při konstrukci defi nice byl tedy kladen důraz na rychlost a robustnost celého řešení. To ale neznamená, že použitá mapová kompozice, díky absenci S-JTSK, nepodává přes-né výsledky. Výhodou S-JTSK je napojení na jednotnou trigonometrickou síť katastrální, která garantuje přesnost a stálost zaměřených výsledků v čase. Při transformaci do UTM se ale podklady promítají do tohoto systému se stejnou chybou, jako byly zaměřeny. Žádný vstup není také závislý na geodetické síti bodů a primární účel aplikace iKatastr je zejména zjištění údajů v terénu. To je závislé na přesnosti GPS (řádově metrová přesnost) a primárně na vizuální inter-akci, na niž nemají diskutované projekční systémy vliv. 5. Závěr Vyvinutý prototyp mobilní aplikace GIS dokáže zobrazit velké množství mapových podkladů nezávisle na jejich rozli-šení, projekci nebo další řadě parametrů. Již v této fázi najde prototyp svoje uplatnění v praxi. To dokazuje počet stažení a řada pozitivních ohlasů na aplikaci iKatastr, která je vol-ně ke stažení v Apple AppStore. Prototyp ale může sloužit i jako základ aplikace pro sběr dat v terénu. Při vývoji byl popsán také formát, ve kterém je možné popsat mapové zdro-je a pružně reagovat na jejich dostupnost.
The study informs about the most common forms of violation ofthe publication ethics. The main goal of the study is to increase the sensitivity of researchers to breaches of publication ethics and to contribute to cultivating the publication environment in the Czech educational science and research. In the first part, the authors analyse the reasons that usually lead researchers to breachpublication ethics. They also highlight the possibility that the current system of financing and evaluating science and research in the Czech Republic might represent one of the causes. Further on, following an analysis of available literature, the typicalinstances of inappropriate publishing behaviour are discussed.In doing so, the authors make use of the analogy with biblical Ten Commandments. The typical examples of such behaviour are: 1. data fabrication or falsiβication, 2. plagiarism 3. gift, honoraryor ghost authorship, 4. simultaneous submission or multiple/duplicate publication, 5. salami slicing, 6. text recycling, 7. reciprocal citations, 8. Imprecise referencing/quoting, 9. conflict of interests, and 10. copyright law breaking. In the end, the authorssuggest precautions that might aid a more rigorous adherence to the ethical rules in publishing practice.
The subject of this legal review is to analyze enforceability and validity of two free licenses, mainly to decide whether documents and software released with a reference to them may be freely distributed in the Czech republic. The author finds these licenses incompatible both with the Czech copyright law and with general rules of contracts execution. 1. A decisive element in choice of law decision under the Czech law is a citizen-ship of the author. Therefore, this analysis applies completely only to works created by Czech authors. 2. Because these licenses (as most licenses posted on the Internet) do not satisfy the requirement of the Czech contract law for determination of offeree, these are not offers in the legal sense. 3. Accepting contract is deemed to be effective upon its receipt by an offerror. Therefore, a license posted to the Internet site (either to a document or to a computer program) is usually never executed, because user usually never notifies author about his acceptance. 4. Authors may require a remedy for the unjust enrichment because of use of the work without a contract. However, the measure of such remedy would be highly difficult to evaluate. 5. Notwithstanding their unenforceability as the contracts, the free licenses may constitute a sufficient notice to users, which would protect author from a damage as well as a defects responsibility. 6. The current wording of the licenses conflicts with the Czech legal regulation (especially, when it does not stipulate an remuneration for the author, or—as it is the case of OP/L—it expressly forbids any remuneration whatsoever). * I do thank to all my readers who supplied me with valauble comments and criticism. My first thanks are to my wife, Markéta, because without her support and sharp criticism this article would never be completed. Another thanks are due to Honza Jiroušek, who supplied me with view of intelligent non-lawyer.
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