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Soft Handover Mechanism For IPTV Service Over Wireless Networks
Abstract
This paper proposes handover mechanism to support terminal mobility for IPTV services in wireless network environment. The proposed algorithm improves service disruption using SIP signaling and dual interfaces of mobile terminal. Then, we discuss how to deploy overall system for seamless IPTV service.
... • In the application layer as SIP [27] . In [28] , a SIP based method has been proposed, but SIP is not appropriate for handling handover in multimedia systems since it has some drawbacks [29] and causes packet loss within handover procedure. In [28][29][30][31] , it has been stated that the methods used in mobile IP for handover procedure have some drawbacks and are not efficient for IPTV traffic. ...
... In [28] , a SIP based method has been proposed, but SIP is not appropriate for handling handover in multimedia systems since it has some drawbacks [29] and causes packet loss within handover procedure. In [28][29][30][31] , it has been stated that the methods used in mobile IP for handover procedure have some drawbacks and are not efficient for IPTV traffic. ...
... • In the application layer as SIP [27] . In [28] , a SIP based method has been proposed, but SIP is not appropriate for handling handover in multimedia systems since it has some drawbacks [29] and causes packet loss within handover procedure. In [28][29][30][31] , it has been stated that the methods used in mobile IP for handover procedure have some drawbacks and are not efficient for IPTV traffic. ...
... In [28] , a SIP based method has been proposed, but SIP is not appropriate for handling handover in multimedia systems since it has some drawbacks [29] and causes packet loss within handover procedure. In [28][29][30][31] , it has been stated that the methods used in mobile IP for handover procedure have some drawbacks and are not efficient for IPTV traffic. ...
In wireless LANs (WLANs), handover is usually performed based on either signal power or congestion level. However, considering only the congestion level could be insufficient for handover since it may cause traffic loss. Therefore, besides the load of access points (APs), it is necessary to consider the physical conditions of different WLANs for performing a seamless handover. This article introduces a novel scheme for seamless handover of IPTV streams in WLAN carrying IPTV traffic, called Physical Constraint and Load Aware (PCLA) handover. The PCLA can compute the load of APs for congestion detection purposes. In PCLA, a mobile node chooses the best network considering signal strength, bit error rate in the relevant environment, and the congestion of APs for making a seamless handover. The simulation results show the appropriateness of PCLA in improving handover performance.
... The second approach utilises a make-before-break strategy. This is typically referred to as a Soft Handoff (SHO) [10], [11]. In SHO, for a period of time, the MS has two active interfaces and sends and receives signaling and data packets though both interfaces. ...
Seamless handoff between different wireless technologies is a vital requirement for the next generation mobile networks (NGMN). The soft handoff (SHO) method provides seamless roaming, but makes heavy use of battery and radio resources. In this paper, we propose a conservative soft handoff (cSHO) which maintains the benefits of SHO and reduces the consumption of resources. Instead of using both radio interfaces during the handoff period, the mobile station (MS) activates and deactivates its radio interfaces and switches between them to maintain the best possible radio connection. Since multimedia packets are already duplicated in the network and buffered in the base stations, fast switching between interfaces is possible. We investigate the performance of our proposed scheme by simulation and compare the performance of the cSHO scheme with the SHO and hard handoff (HHO) mechanisms.
Seamless inter-technology mobility is one of the fundamental requirements of next generation mobile networks. For seamless mobility, handover delay and packet loss should be minimized. However, existing solutions suffer from a number of shortcomings in satisfying these requirements: first, handover preparation schemes fail to minimize the handover delay as much as possible. Second, minimizing packet loss which is usually using soft handover (SHO) schemes are excessively wasteful of scarce resources. In this paper, we propose the uninterrupted proactive connection transfer for IMS mobility enhancement (UPTIME) mobility framework which achieves seamless mobility while minimizing excessive power and radio resource consumption. UPTIME incorporates two mechanisms; a proactive handover preparation method and an optimized SHO technique for handover execution. We demonstrate the benefits of the proposed framework through both analysis and simulation. Our simulation results for typical LTE/WiMAX handovers show that the handover preparation delay can be reduced by 70 %, and good packet loss performance can be achieved whilst saving 43 % of radio resources and 48 % of battery power.
This document defines an extension to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP). This extension allows for a periodic refresh of SIP sessions through a re-INVITE or UPDATE request. The refresh allows both user agents and proxies to determine if the SIP session is still active. The extension defines two new header fields, Session- Expires, which conveys the lifetime of the session, and Min-SE, which conveys the minimum allowed value for the session timer.
With developments in voice over IP (VoIP), IP-based wireless data networks and their application services have received increased
attention. While multimedia applications of mobile nodes are served by Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) as a signaling protocol,
the mobility of mobile nodes may be supported via Mobile IP protocol. For a mobile node that uses both Mobile IP and SIP,
there is a severe redundant registration overhead because the mobile node has to make location registration separately to
a home agent for Mobile IP and to a home registrar for SIP, respectively. Therefore, we propose two new schemes that integrate
mobility management functionality in Mobile IP and SIP. We show performance comparisons among the previous method, which makes
separate registration for Mobile IP and SIP without integration, and our two integrated methods. Numerical results show that
the proposed methods efficiently reduce the amount of signaling messages and delay time related to the idle handoff and the
active handoff.
The article focuses on the details of the seamless Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) designed for multimedia applications The article focuses on the details of the seamless Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) designed for multimedia applications. SIP is designed to provide the required application-level protocol abstraction of the mobility support for multimedia applications in the next-generation heterogeneous wireless networks. However, the approach with SIP endures from undesirable delay and packet loss, which is damaging to applications like voice over Internet protocol (IP) or streaming video that call for quality of service requirements. Moreover, IP convergence has led to the existence of various IP-based wireless access technologies such as General Packet Radio Service, wireless local area network, as well as the advancement of next-generation technology like Universal Mobile Telecommunications System.
This paper proposes an integrated mobile IP and SIP handoff management architecture that exploits the complementary capabilities of mobile IP and SIP and thus extends the mobility functionality that is beyond either of them if applied solely. Furthermore, the integrated approach reduces the functionality redundancies that a simple hybrid approach tends to exhibit. The design of handoff polices for different scenarios are described. In particular, we expound our design philosophies with the example of macro terminal handoff management and perform an initial evaluation using three metrics: handoff delay, handoff reliability and handoff signalling load.
The tremendous advancement and popularity of wireless access technologies necessitates the convergence of multimedia (audio, video, and text) services on a unified global (seamless) network infrastructure. Circuit-switched proprietary telecommunication networks are evolving toward more cost-effective and uniform packet-switched networks such as those based on IP. However, one of the key challenges for the deployment of such wireless Internet infrastructure is to efficiently manage user mobility. To provide seamless services to mobile users, several protocols have been proposed over the years targeting different layers in the network protocol stack. In this article we present a cross-layer perspective on the mobility protocols by identifying the key features of their design principles and performance issues. An analysis of the signaling overhead and handoff delay for some representative protocols in each layer is also presented. Our conclusion is that although the application layer protocol is worse than the protocols operating in the lower layers, in terms of handoff delay and signaling overhead, it is better suited as a potential mobility solution for the next-generation heterogeneous networks, if we consider such factors as protocol stack modification, infrastructure change, and inherent operational complexity.
Next-generation wireless systems are envisioned to have an IP-based infrastructure with the support of heterogeneous access technologies. One of the research challenges for next generation all-IP-based wireless systems is the design of intelligent mobility management techniques that take advantage of IP-based technologies to achieve global roaming among various access technologies. Next-generation wireless systems call for the integration and interoperation of mobility management techniques in heterogeneous networks. In this article the current state of the art for mobility management in next-generation all-IP-based wireless systems is presented. The previously proposed solutions based on different layers are reviewed, and their qualitative comparisons are given. A new wireless network architecture for mobility management is introduced, and related open research issues are discussed in detail.
Wireless Internet access has gained significant attention as wireless/mobile communications and networking become widespread. The voice over IP service is likely to play a key role in the convergence of IP-based Internet and mobile cellular networks. We explore different mobility management schemes from the perspective of VoIP services, with a focus on Mobile IP and session initiation protocol. After illustrating the signaling message flows in these two protocols for diverse cases of mobility management, we propose a shadow registration concept to reduce the interdomain handoff (macro-mobility) delay in the VoIP service in mobile environments. We also analytically compute and compare the delay and disruption time for exchanging signaling messages associated with the Mobile IP and SIP-based solutions.
Working Document: IPTV Services Requirements
- H Becha