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Design and Implementation of Home Intercom and Security Control Systems for Buildings
Abstract
As building sizes are becoming larger and the efficiency and reliability of home intercommunication is becoming a bigger challenge, the home intercom and security systems for buildings need to be redesigned. There are several designs for home intercom and security systems for buildings, such as a traditional analog system, an industry network, a PSTN network, an Ethernet or a wireless LAN. The communication signals are transmitted digitally which facilitates various kinds of processing. Hence in this paper we propose an industry network communication system with a low-cost, simple architecture and a high-stability solution for a home intercom serving more than a thousand users in a building. As home intercom and security communication systems can be divided into talk-back, image monitors and security monitors, we only need to use those layers consisting of an OSI/ISO standard covering an application layer, a data link layer and a physical layer. We have adopted the RS-485 communication network whose wire connections have the advantage of low-cost and easy building. To achieve real-time service and avoid waste of resources we adopt the structure of mixing Peer to Peer and Master and Slave to fulfil the specification requirements. The structure of the packet includes start byte, body and stop byte. The data link layer can use back-off, control frame and a policy-based network to obtain the right to use the transmission medium for sending data.
... transmission and reception via radio waves [8]- [9]. This has been achieved with advances in audio, video, and embedded system technology [10], [11]. Various designs and techniques have been explored by researchers, to develop communication systems that can meet the needs of households, residents, and offices. ...
This study utilized a wireless transceiver module(NRF24L01) and ATmega328 to implement a cost-effective household door intercom. The intercom consist of two units; the outdoor and indoor. The outdoor unit was used by the guest to communicate with the household owner to notify them of their presence at the door while the indoor unit was used to respond to the call. The transceiver module transmits and receives audio signals between the two units, while ATmega328 handles the conversion of the signal from analog to digital during transmission and vice-versa at reception. The outcome of the
test and analysis carried out on the developed prototype shows that it is user-friendly, consumes less power, and also proves that it is a cost-effective solution that can be affordable and made to be readily available to the consumer
... However, a vast majority of intercom systems currently deployed are still of the analog variety. Such traditional inter- com systems suffer over time from a reduction in voice quality due to the aging of wires [1]. Therefore, it becomes necessary to replace wires and facilities within a certain time period, which implies a waste of money and manpower. ...
In a traditional intercom system that only allows place-to-place communication in a house, it is necessary to dial the extension number of a specific family member, or dial each extension number individually via the intercom broadcasting, in order to reach the desired person. Additional master stations controlled the intercom system are required, and it is load to maintain the stations for general users. In order to solve these problems, we propose the digital living network alliance (DLNA) compatible family intercom system (DFIS): the architecture to support user mobility. This architecture makes it possible to quickly reach a family member without the knowledge of the extension number that caters to a fixed location. In other words, it will be not necessary to dial the extension number of the location of the desired person. We introduce call control and phone handling under the subject of DFIS architecture and demonstrate that the proposed DLNA family intercom device and DLNA family intercom adaptor can work well.
As a crucial paradigm for addressing urbanization-related problems, smart community construction is in full swing, and its goal is to enhance residents’ sense of gain. Prior studies have not been able to account for all aspects of smart community construction, especially the evaluation tools from the perspective of residents’ sense of gain. Therefore, this paper seeks to establish a comprehensive evaluation framework for residents’ sense of gain in the smart community through the integrated method, which includes the entropy weight method (EWM), the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE), and the obstacle degree model (ODM). For the purpose of verifying the feasibility of the evaluation framework, 31 smart communities in 6 Chinese cities (Shenzhen City, Putian City, Huizhou City, Dongguan City, Zhengzhou City, and Luoyang City) were selected. The results indicated that the weight of “Cultural activities for the elderly” indicator is the highest while the “Overall design” indicator is the lowest. In addition, Putian City had the best performance, but Shenzhen City ranked last among the six cities. Moreover, among the 31 communities, the Fengshan community in Putian City performed the best while the Xinglong community in Luoyang City performed the worst. Several suggestions are proposed to improve residents’ sense of gain in smart communities, such as enhancing the quality of healthcare services, meeting the needs of the elderly through multiple channels, and enriching business services. This study not only innovates the evaluation method of smart community construction from the perspective of residents’ sense of gain but also provides suggestions for promoting the sustainable development of the smart community and enabling residents to feel more satisfied.
Home automation systems are required for energy savings, safety, protection and convenience use of appliances in any developing economy. This system invented to keep home appliances safe against current fluctuations on the load, reduce energy wastage and protections of life and properties of the owner or user. In this current work, we proposed suitable technique known as Android Base Improved Automation App (ABiAA) for design and application of GSM-based home-automations system using Android Application that consumed very low power. This system comprises of wireless home-network that contains GSM modem along with magnet followed by relay that act as “load protective device”. The system can response faster when power is restored and GSM module would alert home owner via SMS with recorded voice that Electricity is restored for the owner to POWER (ON) the loads. This Home/Office automation system use in alerting house/offices owner wherever he is; at any given time so that he can power ON the required loads that are necessary supposed to be ON as required. The default mode is such that once the Electricity is interrupted, the loads are switched OFF thereby providing energy savings to the owner and safeguarded the connected appliances as well as safety of life and properties that would have resulted from fire outbreak. In this arrangement, a magnet and relay positioned at point of entry produce signal via telecom network and relay message that gives information concerning update at home or pre-defined and detailed messages that are stored in micro-controller. Suspected set of activities are moved to local-user via SMS. This design reduces the energy wastage and inefficiencies. The different results obtained show that the project worked based on specification of the design. But every system has its pros and cons. Our proposed system is easy to implement and understand.
The system needs to measure, acquire and store the parameters of electric power or solar battery equipment, including alternating and direct voltage and current, temperature and luminous flux. They then are stored in system memory, and can be accessed through network. The system can measure the parameters of the time, store them in system memory, and send them to clients through network periodically according to internet network protocols. It can be sent the range of these parameters as SMS. The hardware design of embedded system and the ADC value of the temperature sensor and Luminous sensor, DC and AC voltage and current values are read by the PIC 16f877a and gas sensor is used to detect the Harmful gases when the gases are detect GSM sent the messages to controller room at the same time we can get all the values of sensor to monitor the industrials.
In this paper, we propose an intelligent channel-multiplexed home intercom system based on Voice over IP (VoIP), which is different from traditional home intercom system. The transmissions of audio and video signal are both supported in the system. According to different functions, the system is mainly divided into two modules: VoIP module and master control module. VoIP module consists of driver, OS Kernel and application layer, which can guarantee multiple tasks to be processed at the same time and ensure the real-time response of system. To save channel resource, Micro Control Unit (MCU) is used to realize the channel-multiplexed function via the communication with VoIP processor. Therefore, to ensure the normal communication between VoIP module and master control module, we define communication command words based on RS232 protocol.The test and application results indicate that our system achieves the goal of channel-multiplexed audio and video transmission based on VoIP, and has high expansibility.
CAN industrial local area networks, called controller area network, are used in the framework of real-time distributed industrial applications and distributed processing systems. Such applications cover the drinking or used water adduction; the transportation and the distribution of electricity; the purification stations; the oil or gas fields exploitation; the vehicle and space engines, the automatons and robot systems in manufacturing, etc. CAN networks guarantee relatively short time latency. Due to its short frame, when one PDO (process data object) is implemented as a single CAN data frame or CAN remote frame and to its bit-to-bit arbitration. It has been shown that this random access scheme, based on CSMA/CA protocol exceeds in performance other likely techniques for wired and wireless LAN. However, this type of arbitration defines a static priority to messages exchanged. When the offered traffic approaches the system nominal bandwidth, it results in a significant growth of transmission periods to a number of stations, that appear in the calculation of the worst-case queuing delay and blocking probabilities in both MAC and physical sublayers, from there, excluding the CAN to be a realtime network. Suitable techniques for identifiers allocation have been developed to find a satisfactory way to attribute identifiers to exchanged objects, allowing all possible period limits to applications. However, some mission-critical systems (time-critical PDO) will require deterministic behavior in communication during service. Even at maximum load, the transmission of all safety related messages must be guaranteed. To solve this problem, the ideal solution is to determine the point of time when a message with a given priority will be transmitted with a high precision. Some suboptimal solutions have been proposed, like TTCAN (time triggered CAN), DiPP (distributed priority policy) and DPP (dynamic priority policy). We have proposed a dynamic priority policy, based on the reserve bits left by the protocol and on the needs expressed in necessary bandwidth, to improving the message transmission periods and to reducing the blocking probability in maximal load. We demonstrate in this paper the easy implementation of the proposed modification-
of CAN protocol in a CAN controller component and its compatibility with older controllers.
This paper proposes a new control protocol, LnCP (Living network
Control Protocol), targeted at low implementation cost networking system
in a home environment. The protocol is based on a multi-master system
and uses a peer-to-peer communication model. The protocol assumed single
bus therefore the appliances can be attached to the bus anywhere if the
power lines are employed as the network bus. Home appliances linked via
LnCP are controlled and monitored at remote place. Every device
communicates with each other in packet unit, which has variable length
so that the protocol can deal with the devices having the diverse room
of RAM resource. The bytes number of the packet header is also variable
in order that the new function can be added in the future. The minimum
hardware requirements to implement the protocol are 8-bit processing
microcomputer including built-in UART, 17 bytes of volatile memory and a
few bytes of nonvolatile memory. Therefore it may be embedded in
low-cost microcontrollers that are employed in white goods such as
refrigerators, washing machines, micro oven ranges and even light
switches
In industrial plants, more and more devices having only a usual RS232 interface must communicate and be networked through an open fieldbus system. Fast communications on large areas are required especially for open-loop and closed-loop control of electric drives. This paper presents a solution that enables to couple devices with RS232 port as slaves to a PROFIBUS network. An industrial implementation is also described as an example.
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