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How Violence Affects Health, Education, and Economic Activity
Abstract
This chapter forms the essence of the book and undertakes a deep dive into the study, the argument, the findings, and the takeaways. It explores the role played by the effects of violence, infrastructure, state & non-state actors, and miscellaneous factors, on the public goods under Sustainable Development Goals 3, 4, and 8.
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Background: The inequities in provision of essential maternal healthcare have led to significant difference in maternal mortality globally. Having area specific data of maternal deaths are an important prerequisite for strengthening of reproductive and maternal health services.
Aims and Objectives: The present study was conducted to estimate maternal mortality ratio (MMR) for J&K and describe the epidemiological characteristics of maternal deaths.
Materials and Methods: Data regarding maternal deaths and live birth from April 2020 to March 2021 were collected. Data for maternal deaths were analyzed with respect to epidemiological parameters. MMR and lifetime risk were calculated using standard formulas.
Results: A total of 91 maternal deaths were reported in the same period. It translated to an MMR of 46 for J&K. The mean age at death was 28.6 years ± 5.57. Primigravidae constituted 41.8% of deaths and most deaths (72.5%) had happened in post-natal period. Most of the deaths (78/91) had happened at tertiary level healthcare facilities with two facilities (LD Hospital, Srinagar & SMGS Hospital Jammu) reporting (52/91) of the deaths. Deaths during transit contributed to 5% of total deaths. Eclampsia and post-partum hemorrhage were the most common causes of death and contributed to around 50% of deaths.
Conclusion: The maternal mortality rate was estimated to be 46 with wide inter district variations. PPH and Eclampsia were the most common causes with most deaths happening within tertiary care hospitals.
In this study, the relationship between armed conflict and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms was explored in a sample of young adults from Northern Kashmir in India. The sample included 797 college students. Exposure to conflict was assessed by the Exposure to Kashmir Conflict Checklist, made up of 16 different types of conflict-related events. PTSD symptoms were assessed through the PCL-C, a 17-item self-rating questionnaire typically used as a screening instrument. Nearly half of the respondents (49.81%) were found to be in the diagnosable range for PTSD. The nature and frequency of some of the conflict-related events emerged as risk factors associated with PTSD. Logistic regression analysis revealed that a family member being dead and missing, personally being threatened with death, witnessing distressful media portrayal of conflict, a feeling of living in the conflict, and a higher level of personal exposure to conflict emerged as risk factors associated with PTSD symptomatology. This study provides evidence of PTSD being prevalent among Kashmir youth and sheds light on the associated risk factors. The study highlights the trauma and distress that is inherent to the lives of the people of Kashmir and points to the urgent need for governmental and nongovernmental bodies to recognize, understand, and address the prevalent psychological morbidity in this understudied population.
The paper focuses on the India–Pakistan border at Jammu and Kashmir. Through narratives, the paper argues that violence and victimhood at the borders do not stop at the borders but percolate deep into the nation-form, in the process adding to the gendered dimension of the Indian nation.
Kupwara’s Border People Hail Lg’s Helicopter Announcement
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25 Government Teachers Suspended in Jammu & Kashmir’s Rajouri District
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Fault Lines at the Frontlines. The Hindu
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Jammu & Kashmir: Centre Launches First Free Telemedicine Service in Kathua. Mint
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3 Years on, J&K Bizmen Want Cross-LoC Trade Resumed. The Tribune
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Solar Power Plant Worth Lakhs Lying Defunct at SDH Uri. Daily Excelsior
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Bandipora Hospital Finally Gets a Blood Bank
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Women’s Voices from Jammu and Kashmir
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A Long Wait for Temporary Teachers
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Poor Show in Class X Exam: Nine Govt Schools Record Zero Percent Result. Kashmir Monitor
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Ceasefire Brings Hope
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Peace-Through-Trade At the Line of Control
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Oral Presentations and Specific Topics
Contestations Over Law,” 501-30
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Border Villages Caught between Two Fences. The Hindu
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Kashmir’s Schools, Colleges Double up as Bunkers for Military; Students Forced to Depend on Tuitions
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Govt Orders to Fill Regular Teaching Vacancies in 2 Yrs-Fill up 24,000 Vacant Posts in 6 Months on Merit Basis: Assn. The Tribune
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Fault Lines at the Frontlines
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Jammu & Kashmir Rural Livelihoods Mission
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Education First Casualty in India-Pakistan Cross-Border Firing along LoC: Residents Forced to Dump Kids’ Future and Flee to Save Lives. Firstpost
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Hami Asto': Border Tourism Gains Momentum in Jammu and Kashmir
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We Have No Intention of Escalating Tensions: Pakistan. The Hindu
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COVID-19: J-K Launches Round-The-Clock Mental Health Helpline ‘Sukoon’. Mint
- Ibid
Why Kashmir's Walnut Industry Is on the Back Foot. Moneycontrol
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- Irfan
No Toilets, Drinking Water for Students but Govt Claims Turnaround in Education Sector
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Pak Army Trains Guns on Kids, 261 Rescued; Schools Closed on LoC. Daily Excelsior
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For 2008-09, figures for import from Pakistan through the trade facilitation center (TFC) at Salamabad, Uri are unavailable. For 2012-13, Salamabad’s TFC’s data ends at
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Our Lives and Property Are at Stake’: As Cross-LoC Trade Halts, Kashmiri Traders Lament Losses. Scroll
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Exposure to Armed Conflict,” 740-52; Dar, Aehsan Ahmad. 2021. The Relationship of Risk and Protective Factors with Mental Health among the Youth in Kashmir
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Poor Infra Keeps JK From DCT. Greater Kashmir
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NGOs in Kashmir: Agents of Peace and Development?
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Indian Army’s Project Roshni Lights Up Remote Villages in J&K with Solar Lights
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Mental Health GAP Training in Kashmir in Collaboration with Royal College of Psychiatry and DHServices Kashmir Supported by WHO
- Aqeel Hussain
- Sayed