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Publisher Correction: Drug-
resistant epilepsy associated
with peripheral complement
decreases and sex-specic cytokine
imbalances: a pilot study
Nicole Pinzon-Hoyos, Yibo Li, Monnie McGee, Nicholas P. Poolos, Nicola Marchi &
Amy L. Brewster
Correction to: Scientic Reports https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88654-5, published online 11 February
2025
In the original version of this Article, Figures3 and 4 were switched.
As a result, in the Results section, under the subheading ‘Dysregulation of complement pathways in DRE’,
“We further analyzed these molecular dierences to elucidate potential functional defects within the complement
cascade (Fig.4, Supplementary Figs. 1–4).”
now reads:
“We further analyzed these molecular dierences to elucidate potential functional defects within the complement
cascade (Fig.3, Supplementary Figs. 1–4).”
In addition,
“In healthy individuals (Fig.4A, C), we observed high positive correlations between classical (C1q to C3b/iC3b;
females, r = 0.72, p < 0.001; males, r = 0.89, p < 0.001),”
now reads:
“In healthy individuals (Fig.3A, C), we observed high positive correlations between classical (C1q to C3b/iC3b;
females, r = 0.72, p < 0.001; males, r = 0.89, p < 0.001),”
And
“However, DRE females showed no evidence of a linear association between levels of MBL and C3b/iC3b (Fig. 4J),
suggesting selective disruption of lectin pathway coordination. In contrast, male DRE patients exhibited broader
pathway disruption, with a loss of normal correlations between complement components in both classical (Fig.
4H) and lectin pathways (Fig. 4L). While positive correlations between C3b/iC3b and C5a remained intact
across all experimental groups (Fig. 4M-P),”
now reads,
“However, DRE females showed no evidence of a linear association between levels of MBL and C3b/iC3b (Fig. 3J),
suggesting selective disruption of lectin pathway coordination. In contrast, male DRE patients exhibited broader
pathway disruption, with a loss of normal correlations between complement components in both classical (Fig.
3H) and lectin pathways (Fig. 3L). While positive correlations between C3b/iC3b and C5a remained intact
across all experimental groups (Fig. 3M-P),”
Furthermore, under the subheading ‘Cytokine serum levels in health and DRE’
OPEN
Scientic Reports | (2025) 15:12798 1
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“We investigated the association between the concentrations of complement components and cytokines in
serum (Figs. 3 and 5; Supplementary Figs. 1–5). Our ndings revealed distinct cytokine prole patterns between
healthy individuals and DRE patients (Fig. 3A), as well as between males and females in both healthy (Fig. 3B)
and DRE groups (Fig. 3C, D) (Supplementary Tables 1 and 2). We observed that the DRE group exhibited lower
serum IL-8 levels (p = 0.001) and higher CCL2 (p = 0.03) and CCL5 (p = 0.009) levels compared to the healthy
group (Fig. 3A).”
now reads,
“We investigated the association between the concentrations of complement components and cytokines in
serum (Figs. 4 and 5; Supplementary Figs. 1–5). Our ndings revealed distinct cytokine prole patterns between
healthy individuals and DRE patients (Fig. 4A), as well as between males and females in both healthy (Fig. 4B)
and DRE groups (Fig. 4C, D) (Supplementary Tables 1 and 2). We observed that the DRE group exhibited lower
serum IL-8 levels (p = 0.001) and higher CCL2 (p = 0.03) and CCL5 (p = 0.009) levels compared to the healthy
group (Fig. 4A).”
Finally, in the Discussion section,
“Within the DRE population, we observed a general reduction in the serum levels of multiple complement analytes
(C1q, Factor B, C4, C4b, and Factor H) (Fig. 3) along with common increases in bFGF (Fig. 3). Additionally,
we found sex-specic dierences in both the levels and coordination between complement components and
cytokines (Figs. 4, 3 and 5) in healthy individuals and DRE patients.”
now reads,
“Within the DRE population, we observed a general reduction in the serum levels of multiple complement analytes
(C1q, Factor B, C4, C4b, and Factor H) (Fig.4) along with common increases in bFGF (Fig.3). Additionally,
we found sex-specic dierences in both the levels and coordination between complement components and
cytokines (Figs. 3, 4 and 5) in healthy individuals and DRE patients.”
In addition,
“Our novel ndings suggest a more severe complement system dysregulation in males with epilepsy (Fig. 4 and
Supplementary Fig. 4).”
now reads,
“Our novel ndings suggest a more severe complement system dysregulation in males with epilepsy (Fig. 3 and
Supplementary Fig. 4).”
And
“Our study revealed common alterations in all DRE cases, including lower complement levels and detectable
bFGF (Fig.4 and Supplementary Figs. 5–6).
e original version of this Article has been corrected.
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