Cervical spondylosis: A case based exploration of Panchakarma therapeutic Potential

Abstract

Background: People's modern lives are mostly dependent on and hooked to digital lifestyles due to the nature of their jobs prolong sitting works for hours in one spot can lead to cervical issues, such as cervical spondylosis. This degenerative condition is persistent age-related wear and tear on the cervical spine's disc and vertebrae is known as cervical spondylosis. In Ayurveda cervical spondylosis can be corelated to the Manyastambha which is one among the 80 types of vata vyadhi. Aim and Objective: To study the effect of Greeva basti (localised cervical oil pooling therapy) and Kukutanda pinda sweda (hens’ egg bolus fomentation) along with Internal medication in the management of Manyastambha. Materials and methods: A 29-year-old female patient came with complaints of pain and stiffness in the back of neck region and mild radiating pain to left shoulder. Patient had complaints since three years and increased since six months used many medications but didn’t get any relief. X-ray finding shows Disc space narrowing at C4-C5, C5-C6 and Straightening of cervical Lordosis due to paraspinal muscle spasm. According to Ayurveda the treatment of vata vyadhi is snehan (oleation) and swedan (Fomentation). So, the treatment like Greeva basti and Kuktanda pinda (hen’s egg bolus) sweda are advised for nine days and followed by Ayurvedic internal medicines for one month. Result: The patient was assessed with subjective and objective parameter before and after treatment. The score of pain reduced from 3 to 0, stiffness from 2 to 0, range of neck movements Flexion from 3 to 0, extension from 3 to 1, lateral flexion rt and lt from 2 to 0, rotation of neck from rt and lt 2 to 0. Conclusion: A treatment protocol, consisting of Greeva basti (localized oil pooling therapy) and Kukutanda pinda sweda (hens’ egg bolus fomentation), and oral herbal medications, significantly improved cervical spondylosis symptoms by 90% and enhanced cervical curvature, as confirmed by radiographic evidence.

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Published online in http://ijam.co.in
International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine, Vol 15 (4), 2024; 1125-1130
ISSN No: 0976-5921
Case Report
Keywords: Manystambha, Cervical spondylosis, Panchakarma, Kukutanda pinda sweda, Greevabasti, Ayurveda.
Introduction
One of the common orthopaedic conditions that
is mos tly ob s erv e d i n m od e rn lif e st y les is
Cervical spondylosis. As the over use of laptop,
computer work, lack of exercise, sitting continuously
for hours and sedentary life styles, leads to spinal cord
problems mainly cervical. 20-50% of adult population
are seen with the incidence of neck pain per year. 25%
of patients under 40 years, 50% of patients over 40
years, and 85% of patients over 60years exhibit some
signs of degenerative changes.(1) A condition of age-
related wear and tear affecting the cervical spine's disc
and vertebrae is called cervical spondylosis. "It is more
common as people age, with symptoms peaking before
the age of 50 and declining after, particularly in older
adults over 60."(2)
In Ayurveda cervical spondylosis is co-related to
Manyastambha. It is one among the 80 types of vata
vyadhi.(3) The term Manyastambha derives from the
conglomeration of two word ‘Manya’ means Nape of
neck and ‘Stambha’ means stiffness, rigidity.(4)
Acharya Sushrutha has mentioned diwasapna (day
sleep) and using inappropriate pillow while sleeping
and continuous seeing in upward direction are the
causative factors which vitiates vata and kapha dosha
and leads to Manyastambha vyadhi.(3) The two main
symptoms mentioned in manyastambha is Ruk (pain)
and Stambha (stiffness) in the neck region associated
with asthi (bones) and sandhi (joints). Vata is the main
factor for all the movements in the body. (5) The snehan
(oleation) and swedan (fomentation) karma are said to
be the line of treatment in vata vyadhi, (6) so Greeva
basti and Kukutanda pinda (hen’s egg bolus) sweda are
selected. Acharya Bhavaprakasha in vata vyadhi
adhyaya mentioned kukutanda pinda sweda as a line of
treatment for Manyastambha.(7) Antahparimarjana
(internal treatment) and Bahirparimarjana (external
t r ea t m e nt ) a r e t w o s et s o f t re a t me n t . I n
Cervical spondylosis: A case based exploration of
Panchakarma therapeutic Potential
Gangarapu Kiranmai1, Vaishali R Chaudhari2*, Mamata Nakade3, Shweta Gupta4
1. PG Scholar, 2. Ph.D Scholar and Professor, 3. Professor and HOD, 4. Department of Panchakarma,
4. PG Scholar, Department of Ayurveda Samhita evum Siddhant,
Dr. D.Y. Patil College of Ayurved and Research Centre,
Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, (Deemed to be University), Pimpri, Pune– 411018 Maharashtra, India.
Abstract
Background: People's modern lives are mostly dependent on and hooked to digital lifestyles due to the nature
of their jobs prolong sitting works for hours in one spot can lead to cervical issues, such as cervical spondylosis. This
degenerative condition is persistent age-related wear and tear on the cervical spine's disc and vertebrae is known as
cervical spondylosis. In Ayurveda cervical spondylosis can be corelated to the Manyastambha which is one among
the 80 types of vata vyadhi. Aim and Objective: To study the effect of Greeva basti (localised cervical oil pooling
therapy) and Kukutanda pinda sweda (hens’ egg bolus fomentation) along with Internal medication in the
management of Manyastambha. Materials and methods: A 29-year-old female patient came with complaints of pain
and stiffness in the back of neck region and mild radiating pain to left shoulder. Patient had complaints since three
years and increased since six months used many medications but didn’t get any relief. X-ray finding shows Disc
space narrowing at C4-C5, C5-C6 and Straightening of cervical Lordosis due to paraspinal muscle spasm. According
to Ayurveda the treatment of vata vyadhi is snehan (oleation) and swedan (Fomentation). So, the treatment like
Greeva basti and Kuktanda pinda (hen’s egg bolus) sweda are advised for nine days and followed by Ayurvedic
internal medicines for one month. Result: The patient was assessed with subjective and objective parameter before
and after treatment. The score of pain reduced from 3 to 0, stiffness from 2 to 0, range of neck movements Flexion
from 3 to 0, extension from 3 to 1, lateral flexion rt and lt from 2 to 0, rotation of neck from rt and lt 2 to 0.
Conclusion: A treatment protocol, consisting of Greeva basti (localized oil pooling therapy) and Kukutanda pinda
sweda (hens’ egg bolus fomentation), and oral herbal medications, significantly improved cervical spondylosis
symptoms by 90% and enhanced cervical curvature, as confirmed by radiographic evidence.
1125
* Corresponding Author:
Vaishali R Chaudhari
Ph.D Scholar and Professor, Department of Panchakarma,
Dr. D. Y. Patil College of Ayurved and Research Centre,
Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, (Deemed to be University),
Pimpri, Pune– 411018. Maharashtra, India.
Email Id: vaishali.chaudhari@dpu.edu.in

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Gangarapu Kiranmai et.al., Cervical spondylosis: A case based exploration of Panchakarma therapeutic Potential
ISSN No: 0976-5921
Bahirparimarjana chikitsa (external treatment) there is
local action and absorption of the drug, there is no entry
of the drug into the systemic circulation. Greeva basti is
one of the Bahirparimarjana chikitsa but is not
mentioned in the text directly. Along with panchakarma
the Internal medicines like Trayodashanga guggulu,
Panchamrit loha guggulu, (Dhootpapeshwar brand),
Vataganjakush ras (Baidyanath brand), Soft gel capsule
Cervilon (AVN Ayurveda company) are advised.
Aims and Objectives
To study the effect of Greeva basti (localised
cervical oil pooling therapy) and Kukutanda pinda
sweda (hens’ egg bolus fomentation) along with Internal
medication in the management of Manyastambha.
Materials and methods
-Study design: A single case study.
-Informed consent was taken from the patient
-The assessment was done according to subjective and
objective parameters.
-The patient was treated with Greeva basti with
Sahcharadi (Strobilanthes ciliates Nees.) tail and
Kukutanda pinda (Hen’s egg bolus) sweda and
internal medications.
Case Report
A 29-year-old female patient, (OPD.No - 0029)
from the ‘Out Patient Department of Panchakarma, in
DR D Y PATIL COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA AND
RESEARCH CENTRE, PIMPRI, PUNE’ came with
complaints of following on 3/2/2024.
H/O Present illness
Patient general condition was good. Since last
three years she had a history of infrequent neck pain,
which she ignored because it wasn't too bad. Gradually
she noticed the intensity of the pain increased and was
difficult to do her daily routines. She visited hospital
took many medications like anti analgesics, Muscle
relaxants, NSAIDS, etc but didn’t get any relief. As she
was a student due to prolong sitting and use of laptop
for more hrs such as 6-8 hrs she had increase in neck
pain and stiffness and the pain was radiating to the left
shoulder since six months, it became severe and unable
to do her daily routines So, she visited our hospital for
Ayurveda treatment. No history of DM, HTN, Thyroid,
any chronic illness and Trauma.
General Physical examination
-General Condition- Stable
-Weight- 57kg
-Height- 5 ft
-BP- 110/70mm hg
-Pulse rate- 70bpm
-Temperature- Afebrile
-Respiratory rate- 17/min
-Sleep- Disturbed (due to pain)
-Appetite- Reduced
Systemic examination
-CNS: Conscious, oriented
-CVS: S1, S2 Audible
-R.S: Bilateral air way entry clear
Ten fold Examination
Table 1: Ten fold Examination
Eight-fold Examination:
Table 2: Eight-fold Examination
Clinical findings: (X-ray) of cervical region AP and
Lateral Done on 24-1-2024
•Osteophyte formation,
•Disc space narrowing at C4-C5 and C5-C6,
•Straightening of cervical Lordosis due to paraspinal
muscle spasm, Bony cervical rib seen on left side.
Diagnosis
Based on the chief complaints and clinical
findings it was diagnosed as Cervical spondylosis which
is corelated to Manyastambha in Ayurveda.
Assessment parameter
Subjective Parameters
•Neck pain (shoola)
•Stiffness (stambha)
Table 3: Grading of subjective Parameters (8)
Objective parameters
The neck range of movement was measured with
the help of Goniometry (9)
Prakriti- Vata pittaja
Vyayama shakti-
Madhyama
Vikriti- Vata kaphaja
Vaya- Madhyam
Sara- Madhyama
Satva- Madhyam
Samhana- Madhyama
Satmya- Madhyam
Ahara shakti:
Abhyavarana- Avara
Jarana shakti- Avara
Bala- Madhyam
Nadi- Vata pittaja
Sparsha- Ruksha
Mala- Samyak
Drik- clear
Mutra- Samyak
Akriti- Madhyama
Shabdha- clear
Jihwa- Alpa sama
Sr.no
Parameters
Grading
Observations
1
Neck pain
(shoola)
0
Absent
1
Mild and intermittent pain
2
Moderate and bearable pain
3
Severe and unbearable pain
2
Stiffness
(stambha)
0
Absent
1
Mild stiffness
2
Moderate stiffness with
partial restricted movement
3
Severe stiffness with
restricted movement
1126

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International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine, Vol 15 (4), 2024; 1125-1130
ISSN No: 0976-5921
Table 4: Grading of objective parameter
Treatment plan
Panchkarma intervention
Greeva basti with Sahacharadi (Strobilanthes
ciliates Nees.) tail and Kukutanda pinda (hen egg
bolous) sweda was advised continuously for 9 days.(10)
Table 5: Panchkarma intervention (4-2-2024 to
12-2-2024)
Standard operative procedure
Greeva basti
It is on e among t h e external Ayu r v e d a
Panchakarma procedure. On the droni (massage table),
the patient was instructed to lie down prone position,
later the dough of Masha was prepared and kept in a
circular wall pattern over back of neck where the pain
was present. The wall of the dough was sealed properly
to avoid the leakage of oil, then the Sahacharadi
(Strobilanthes ciliates Nees.) tail made hot tolerable by
the patient and poured in dhara (stream) form in to the
circular Rim and kept till the temperature decreases
later the oil should be removed and procedure was
repeated for 30 min. The temperature of the oil should
be maintained at 400c-480c.
Kukutanda pinda sweda
10ml of Sahacharadi (Strobilanthes ciliates
Nees.) tail was heated in a pan, 3 slices of lashun
(Allium sativum linn), and 3 Sliced lemon (Citrus limon
linn) are added in the pan and fried till the colour
changes slightly, later 5gms of Saindhav Lavana (Rock
salt), 2 gms of Haridra (Curcuma longa linn) and 5 gms
of Ajamodh (Apium graveolens linn) churna were
added in equal quantity. Then the 2 eggs (hen) were
cracked and the bulk was added to the pan and fried
properly. The mixture was collected in a Cora cloth and
it is tied as pottali/pinda. Before applying the pottali on
the patient it was heated on the pan with little amount of
til (Sesamum indicum) taila. Later the temperature of
the pottali was checked by applying it on dorsum of
hand of therapist and then applied on the neck region of
the patient. The Movement of cloth bolus should be in
clockwise direction and was repeated for 20mins.
Shamana chikitsa (internal medicines)
Shamana chikitsa was also advised along with
panchakarma treatment. The treatment started on
4/2/2024 and continued for 41 days. *Trayodashanga
guggulu, **Panchamrit loha guggulu was used of
Dhootpapeshwar brand. #Vatagajankush ras was used
of Baidyanath. $Cervilon soft gel capsule from AVN
Ayurveda.
Ta bl e 6: I nt er na l me d ic at i on s (4 -2 -2 0 24 t o 1 5- 3- 20 24 )
TDS- three times a day; BD -two times a day
Contents of the internal medication
Trayodashanga guggulu: Abha (Acacia nilotica Linn.),
Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), Hapusha
(Juniperus communis Linn), Guduchi (Tinospora
1.Mobility of
flexion
Grade 0
Normal i.e. 50 degrees able to
touch chin and chest
Grade 1
38 to 49 degree of total neck
movement
Grade 2
25 to 37 degree of total neck
movement
Grade 3
13 to 24 degree of total neck
movement
Grade 4
No flexion of neck
2. Mobility of
extension
Grade 0
Normal i.e. 60-degree extension of
head up to back
Grade 1
45 to 59 degree of total neck
movement
Grade 2
30 to 44 degree of total neck
movement
Grade 3
15 to 29 degree of total neck
movement
Grade 4
No extension of neck
3. Lateral
flexion (Rt
and Lt)
Grade 0
Normal i.e. 45-degree ear touch to
shoulder tip
Grade 1
34 to 44 degree of total neck
movement
Grade 2
23 to 33 degree of total neck
movement
Grade 3
12 to 22 degree of total neck
movement
Grade 4
No flexion of neck
4.Rotation of
neck (Rt and
Lt)
Grade 0
Normal i.e. 80 degree able to make
complete rotation
Grade 1
60 to 79 degree of total neck
movement
Grade 2
40 to 59 degree of total neck
movement
Grade 3
20 to 39 degree of total neck
movement
Grade 4
No rotation of neck
Sr.no
Panchkarma
Duration
1
Greeva basti with Sahacharadi
(Strobilanthes ciliates Nees.) tail
(30mins)
9 days
2
Kuktanda pinda (hen’s egg bolus)
sweda (20mins)
9 days
Sr.no
Shamana
aushadi
Dose
Frequency
Duration
1
Trayodashanga
guggulu
500m
g
TDS (after
food)
41 days
2
Panchamrit loha
guggulu
500m
g
TDS (after
food)
41 days
3
Vataganjakush
ras
60mg
BD (after
food)
41 days
4
Capsule.
Cervilon
500m
g
BD (after
food)
41 days
1127

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Gangarapu Kiranmai et.al., Cervical spondylosis: A case based exploration of Panchakarma therapeutic Potential
ISSN No: 0976-5921
cordifolia), Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus),
Gokshura (Tribulus terrestris), Vriddhadaru (Argyreia
speciose), Rasna (Pluchea lanceolate), Shatahva
(Anethum sowa Kurz), Shati (Hedychium spicatum),
Yamani (Trachispermum amami), Nagara Ginger
(Zingiber officinale), Kaushika (Purified Comnifera
mukul). (11)
Panchamrit loha guggulu: Shuddha Parad (Purified
and processed Mercury), Shuddha Gandhak (Purified
sulphur), Rajat Bhasma (Silver Bhasma), Abhrak
Bhasma (Mica), Swarna Makshik Bhasma, Loha
Bhasma (Iron), Shuddha Guggulu (Purified Comnifera
mukul), Mustard oil.(12)
Vatagajankush ras: Shuddha Suta (Purified and
processed Mercury), Loha Bhasma (Calx of Iron),
Swarna Makshika Bhasma, Shuddha Gandhaka
(Purified and processed Sulphur), Shuddha Haratala
(Arsenis tri sulphide), Pathya (Terminalia chebula fruit
rind), Shrungi (Citrulus colocynthis dried pulp),
Visha (Aconitum ferox).(13)
Cervilon soft gel capsule: Dashmoola, Bala (Sida
retusa), Yava (Hordeum vulgare), Kola (Zizyphus
jujuba), kulattha (Dolichos biflorus), saindhava (Rock
salt), Sarjarasam (Yellow resin), hima (Vateria indica),
Sarala (Pinus longifolia), devadaru (Cedrus deodara),
manjistha (Elettaria cardamomum), methika (Trigonella
foenum- graceum), Saileya (Parmelia kamtschadalis),
patra (Cinnamomum iners), tagara (Cassia tora), vaca
(Acorus calamus),Satahwa (Peucedanum graveolens),
punarnava (Boerhaavia diffusa), satavari (Asparagus
racemosus).(14)
Observations and Results
The changes in the symptoms of the patient was
assessed before, during and after the treatment i.e. day
0, day 9, day15 and day 30.
Table 7: Grades of the Parameters Before, During
and After treatment
X-ray findings
Discussion
Manyastambha one among the Kevala vata
vyadhi which is co-related to Cervical spondylosis. It is
mainly caused by vitiation of Vata and Kapha dosha
and leads to symptoms like pain and Stiffness.
Greeva Basti with Sahacharadi (Strobilanthes
ciliates Nees.) medicated oil is an external therapy that
balances Vata and Kapha doshas. The application of hot
medicated oil on the painful area reduces the cooling
property of Vata dosha and improves tissue softness
throu g h ol e a tion. (15) Thermo t h erapy has a
physiological impact increases capillary permeability,
dilates vessels, and modifies pain threshold and
decrease in muscle spasm as a result of skeletal muscle
relaxation are examples of distant modifications. .(16)
Sahacharadi (Strobilanthes ciliates Nees.) oil with hot
potency, aided by Bhrajaka Pitta, restores Vata dosha,
improves bodily fluids (Rasa, Rakta, Mamsa), and
al l eviates s y mptoms b y actin g on u nderlying
pathophysiology. (17)
Kukutanda pinda (Hen’s egg bolus) sweda is one
type of snigdha sankara sweda. It does the action in 3
forms Swedana (Fomentation) effect, Sn ehana
(Oleation) effect and does the Nourishment and
stimulates the sympathetic nervous system and results
in Vaso dilatation. Acharya Bhavaprakasha said that, the
eggs of birds like hen possess the properties of
palliating the aggravated Vata.(18) Due to vata and
kapha dosha prakopa stambha(stiffness) occurs and
leads to decrease in movements. In this pinda sweda as
the dru g s a r e h avin g U s hna (hot), Sni g dha
(unctuousness), Kapha vilayana (dissolves kapha) and
Tridoshagna Properties helps in normalcy of vitiated
vata and kapha dosha by stambhana-hara (reducing
stiffness) property.(19) Swedana having Ushna guna
which counteract the Sheeta property, helps in Stambha
Ni g r hana.(20) K ukutanda p inda sw e da cau s e s
vasodilatation and deep tissue stimulation. It helps in
increasing blood flow, perfusion of tissue and helps in
metabolism, absorbing essential nutritive materials and
toxins are removed. It acts as a muscle relaxant, relieves
pain, inflammation and also can rejuvenate the joints
Figure 1
Figure 2
Sr.n
o
Parameters
Day0
Day 9
Day 15
Day 30
1
Neck pain
3
2
1
0
2..
Stiffness
2
1
1
0
3
Mobility of flexion
3
2
2
0
4
Mobility of extension
3
2
2
1
5
Lateral flexion (rt and lt)
2
1
0
0
6
Rotation of neck (rt and lt)
2
1
0
0
Figure 3
Figure 4
Before treatment Findings
(25/1/2024): Osteophyte
formation, Disc space
narrowing at C4-C5, C5-C6,
Straightening of cervical
lordosis likely due to para
spinal muscle spasm.
After treatment Findings
(20/3/2024) : Disc space
narrowing at C4-C5, C5-C6,
Straightening of cervical
lordosis likely due to para
spinal muscle spasm. (mild
improvement of curvature
seen as compared to previous
X-ray dated on 25-1-2024).
1128

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International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine, Vol 15 (4), 2024; 1125-1130
ISSN No: 0976-5921
and soft tissues, stops the degeneration and improves
the circulation.(21)
Trayodashanga guggulu: It helps in lordosis,
sciatica, lumbar spondylosis, promotes strength of
bones and joints, an excellent Anti-inflamatory and
Analgesic medicine.(11)
Panchamrit loha guggulu: It contains Roupya
(Silver) and Abhraka (Mica) bhasma an excellent vata
shamak, majja Vardhaka rasayana. Useful in (cervical
spondylosis), Manyastambha, Majja kshaya symptoms.
(12)
Vata gajankush ras: It balances vata and kapha
dosha, helps in Cervical and Lumbar spondylosis,
frozen shoulder and in all cases of stiffness.(13)
Capusle Cervilon: it mainly used in Cervical
radiculopathy, Cervical myelopathy, sprain/spasm of the
muscle in the cervical region.(14)
These Ayurveda medications offer a holistic
approach to managing musculoskeletal conditions,
targeting the root causes of pain, inflammation, and
stiffness. By balancing the doshas and promoting
overall well-being, they provide a complementary
therapeutic option for patients seeking alternative or
adjunctive treatment for conditions like cervical
spondylosis.
Scope for further study
Conduct randomized controlled trials on large
sample size and explore the potential of Ayurvedic
medications in preventing disease progression and
promoting long-term musculoskeletal health.
Conclusion
The people are now having awareness and
concern about side effects and after effects of long-term
usage of NSAIDS and showing solicitude towards
panchakarma to fulfil their deeds. Ayurveda mainly
focus on root cause of the disease as well as it is cost
effective and relives in symptoms for long term. In the
present study subjective and Objective parameters and
clinical findings have been assessed before and after the
treatment plan. The patient got 90% relief in the
symptoms. Thus, panchakarma therapy along with
combination of Ayurveda Internal formulations shows
significant relief in Manyastambha vyadhi.
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