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An Institutional Framework for Curbing Corruption in State-Owned Enterprises in Zimbabwe: A MultiDimensional Governance Approach

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Abstract

State-owned enterprises (SOEs) in Zimbabwe are critical to the national economy, yet they remain plagued by pervasive corruption, hindering both their performance and reputation. Despite numerous reform initiatives, corruption remains deeply entrenched in these entities, exacerbated by weak institutional frameworks and ineffective oversight mechanisms. This study proposes a tailored, multi-dimensional institutional framework for curbing corruption within Zimbabwe’s SOEs, drawing on theories such as X-inefficiency, Institutional Theory, Stakeholder Theory, and Expectancy Theory to develop a comprehensive model. The research employs qualitative content analysis of 30 relevant articles, identifying key drivers of corruption, including leadership vacuums, lack of accountability, and the absence of strong institutional frameworks. The study reveals that existing anti-corruption efforts have been largely ineffective due to gaps in policy, legislation, capacity, and political will. By integrating global anti-corruption best practices with localized reforms, the proposed framework aims to enhance transparency, strengthen governance, and promote sustainable anti-corruption practices in Zimbabwe’s SOEs. This framework is intended to provide actionable insights for policymakers and contribute to the global discourse on governance reform in public institutions, particularly within developing economies

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We investigate the causal effects of anti-corruption on firm performance based on a quasi-natural experiment. Since 2013, China has implemented a national anti-corruption policy, and the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection has conducted five rounds of inspection on corruption covering all provinces. Difference-in-differences estimations show that although the anti-corruption campaign significantly improves firm performance of central state-owned enterprises (SOEs), such endeavor significantly reduces firm performance of non-state-owned enterprises (non-SOEs). Thus, the corruption could a double-edged sword and act as “sand-the-wheel” in central SOEs but “greasing-the-wheel” in non-SOEs. This paper provides critical insights and a serious challenge for regulators in China.
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Objective: An increasing number of studies have been conducted to look at anxiety and depression in IBD; however, there is no clear consensus on the prevalence of anxiety and depression in this population. The objective of this systematic review was to compile the existing data on the prevalence of all mood and anxiety disorders in Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients. Methods: A series of comprehensive literature searches of Medline, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase, AMED, and ProQuest Dissertations were performed through March 2014. Inclusion criteria included peer-reviewed, published scientific articles that reported a measurement of mood or anxiety among IBD patients. Only studies with adults (≥18years old) and with more than 10 patients were included. Methodological quality was assessed for all included studies. Results: 171 articles were identified with a total of 158,371 participants. Pooled prevalence estimate for anxiety disorders was 20.5% [4.9%, 36.5%] and 35.1% [30.5, 39.7%] for symptoms of anxiety. IBD patients in active disease had higher prevalence of anxiety of 75.6% [65.5%, 85.7%] compared to disease remission. Pooled prevalence of depression disorders was 15.2% [9.9%, 20.5%] and was 21.6% [18.7%, 24.3%] for symptoms of depression. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was higher in Crohn's disease (25.3% [20.7%, 30.0%]) compared to UC, and higher with active disease (40.7% [31.1%, 50.3%]) compared to IBD patients in remission. Conclusion: Results from this systematic review indicate that patients with IBD have about a 20% prevalence rate of anxiety and a 15% prevalence rate of depression.
Article
In this paper, I present empirical evidence for …ve European countries (Germany, France, UK, Spain and Italy) and the Euro-zone on whether monetary policy shocks produce di¤erent e¤ects on real output growth depending on the phase of the business cycle that the economy is undergoing (the socalled ‘state’ asymmetry). To do so, I apply a multivariate extension of the Hamilton(1989)’s Markov switching methodology. I …nd evidence in favour of ‘state’ asymmetries at the aggregate level in all the countries whereby interest-rate shocks have larger e¤ects in recessions than in expansions. I also carry out the analysis at the sectorial level and observe that this asymmetric effect seems to be di¤erent in the analysed countries when I focus on a sectorial analysis.
Systemic Corruption In Zimbabwe: Is The Human Factor The Missing Link?
  • T Zinyama
Zinyama, T. (2021). Systemic Corruption In Zimbabwe: Is The Human Factor The Missing Link?. African Journal Of Public Affairs, 12(1), 132-152.
Zimbabweans Endorse Legitimacy Of Taxation But Have Difficulty Finding Out How Government Uses Tax Revenues
  • S Ndoma
Ndoma, S. (2021). Zimbabweans Endorse Legitimacy Of Taxation But Have Difficulty Finding Out How Government Uses Tax Revenues.
Democratic Consolidation And Good Governance In Africa: Assessing The Incidences Of Poverty And Corruption In Four African States
  • A Azeez
Azeez, A. (2018). Democratic Consolidation And Good Governance In Africa: Assessing The Incidences Of Poverty And Corruption In Four African States. Bangladesh E-Journal Of Sociology, 15(1).
The Politics Of Transnational Accountability Policies And The (Re) Construction Of Corruption: The Case Of Tunisia, Transparency International And The World Bank
  • J Murphy
  • O B Albu
Murphy, J., & Albu, O. B. (2018, March). The Politics Of Transnational Accountability Policies And The (Re) Construction Of Corruption: The Case Of Tunisia, Transparency International And The World Bank. In Accounting Forum (Vol. 42, No. 1, Pp. 32-46). No Longer Published By Elsevier.
Determinants Of Corruption And Its Impact On Firm Performance: Global Evidence
  • S M Imran
  • H Ur Rehman
  • R E A Khan
Imran, S. M., Ur Rehman, H., & Khan, R. E. A. (2019). Determinants Of Corruption And Its Impact On Firm Performance: Global Evidence. Pakistan Journal Of Commerce And Social Sciences (Pjcss), 13(4), 1017-1028.
The Global Rise Of Corruption-Driven Political Change
  • C Carothers
Carothers, C. (2020). The Global Rise Of Corruption-Driven Political Change. Taiwan Journal Of Democracy, 16(2), 147-168.
Business And Corruption Have A Non-Directional Relationship: Evidence From The Harare City Council
  • S L Rusvingo
Rusvingo, S. L. (2014). Business And Corruption Have A Non-Directional Relationship: Evidence From The Harare City Council, Zimbabwe. Global J. Health Sci.: F Political Science, 14(5), 1-10.
Public Sector Corporate Governance: Zimbabwe's Challenges Of Strategic Management In The Wake Of Sustainable Development
  • D Chigudu
Chigudu, D. (2020). Public Sector Corporate Governance: Zimbabwe's Challenges Of Strategic Management In The Wake Of Sustainable Development. Academy Of Strategic Management Journal, 19(1), 1-13.
A Corporate Governance Perspective To State Owned Enterprises In Zimbabwe: A Case Study Of Air Zimbabwe
  • M Mashavave
Mashavave, M. (2017). A Corporate Governance Perspective To State Owned Enterprises In Zimbabwe: A Case Study Of Air Zimbabwe. Management, 7(6), 209-222.
Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods: Integrating Theory And Practice
  • M Q Patton
Patton, M. Q. (2014). Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods: Integrating Theory And Practice. Sage Publications.
Corruption And Anti-Corruption Upside Down: New Perspectives From The Global South
  • F Odilla
Odilla, F. (2024). Corruption And Anti-Corruption Upside Down: New Perspectives From The Global South. Springer Nature.
Without Strong Watchdog Institutions: Corruption Is A Cancer
  • M Arafa
Arafa, M. (2024). Without Strong Watchdog Institutions: Corruption Is A Cancer. California Western International Law Journal, 54(2), 2.