Article

Variation in wood properties of Pinus patula from different provenances

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Abstract

Propriedades da madeira de Pinus patula de diferentes procedências plantadas em Itapeva, SP, Brasil. Desde as décadas de 60 e 70, Pinus spp. têm sido uma alternativa às espécies nativas do Brasil para certos usos na indústria madeireira. Assim, se justifica a importância de saber quais espécies de Pinus são as mais indicadas para o plantio em diferentes localidades do Brasil. No presente estudo, objetivamos ampliar o conhecimento da madeira de Pinus patula de diferentes procedências de sementes plantadas em Itapeva, São Paulo, Brasil, estudando a variabilidade em propriedades físicas, mecânicas e anatômicas e comparando-as com Pinus elliottii var. elliottii, espécie já utilizada tradicionalmente pela indústria madeireira brasileira. Espera-se que nossos achados forneçam subsídios para novos estudos voltados ao melhoramento genético de P. patula e, assim, contribuam para suprir a demanda por matérias-primas de boa qualidade. Para tanto, aos 31 anos foram coletadas 25 árvores, cinco de cada espécie/procedência. Não encontramos diferença entre os materiais estudados para espessura da parede das traqueídes, resistência à compressão paralela às fibras, resistência ao cisalhamento tangencial aos anéis de crescimento e módulo de ruptura. Pinus elliottii apresentou menor comprimento de traqueíde em comparação com as procedências de Pinus patula. Todas as propriedades avaliadas aumentaram em direção à casca, mas a partir da posição de 75%, os valores de todas as propriedades tenderam a se estabilizar, indicando maior presença de lenho adulto. Nossos resultados mostram que Pinus patula pode ser indicado para fins estruturais.

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