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Screening of Wastewater Treatment Efficacy of Domestic Sewage Water Using Nano Zerovalent Iron Synthesized by Chemical and Biological Route

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Abstract

Treatment of wastewater or effluent using nanotechnology principles has gained more attention recently due to high removal efficacy of toxic pollutants with notable biosafety. In this study, chemogenic and biogenic nano zero valent iron (nZVI) particles were screened for wastewater treatment efficacy of domestic sewage water adapting green science principles. Reduction of iron precursor by sodium borohydride (chemogenic) and tea extract (biogenic) brought about highly stable, nanoscale zero valent iron particles. A notable reduction of wastewater treatment efficacy was recorded in nZVI that synthesizes via biological route, confirmed by drastic reduction in physio-chemical parameters, including biofilm formation. The present study suggests the potential use of biogenic nZVI as a low-cost, eco-friendly agent for wastewater treatment.

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... Aquatic environments are increasingly threatened by microbial contamination, with innovative nanocomposites like chitosan-based formulations offering ecofriendly and effective solutions for pathogen control in water systems [22]. Biogenic nano zerovalent iron synthesised using green chemistry principles demonstrates high efficacy in waste water treatment, offering a low cost and ecofriendly solutions [23]. ...
... Likewise, gold-palladium (Au-Pd) nanoparticles biosynthesised from banana peel extract have demonstrated a tenfold enhancement in hydroquinone detection sensitivity within cosmetic formulations [3]. Nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) represents a promising agent for sustainable wastewater remediation, effectively catalysing pollutant degradation while mitigating secondary ecological impact [4]. In parallel, nanocomposites stabilised using biopolymers such as chitosan and okra mucilage exhibit potent antimicrobial activity against waterborne pathogens including Salmonella enterica, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Citrobacter freundii [5]. ...
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