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All content in this area was uploaded by Alexander Ohnemus on Nov 09, 2024
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Content uploaded by Alexander Ohnemus
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All content in this area was uploaded by Alexander Ohnemus on Nov 09, 2024
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Content uploaded by Alexander Ohnemus
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All content in this area was uploaded by Alexander Ohnemus on Nov 09, 2024
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Content uploaded by Alexander Ohnemus
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All content in this area was uploaded by Alexander Ohnemus on Nov 09, 2024
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Content uploaded by Alexander Ohnemus
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All content in this area was uploaded by Alexander Ohnemus on Nov 09, 2024
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Content uploaded by Alexander Ohnemus
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All content in this area was uploaded by Alexander Ohnemus on Nov 09, 2024
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1
Alexander Ohnemus
Experiment Design and Cosmology
08 November 2024
AI Afterlife Preview
2
Table of Contents
Abstract
1)Replicating a Human Brain with AI
2)Adjusting Physics for Identity
3)Sensing Beyond CMBR
3.5)Vindicating or Falsifying Planck’s Distance and Clicking Out
4) Clicking Out
4.5) 3D Printing Reparation Payers Immune to Diseases and Radiotrophic Fungi Toxins
4.6)Epigenetic Information Polish
5) MRI (Magnetic Reasonace Imaging).
6) Computer-Brain Interface “CBI”
Conclusion
3
Abstract
4
Here are 3 Afterlife Experiments: 1)Expand Law of Identity to all branches of physics.
2)HAVE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE “AI” see past Cosmic Microwave Background
Radiation “CMBR” with radiotrophic fungi. 3)Getting AI brainwaves to oscillate at a frequency
below a distance known as the Plank Distance, which is a fundamental concept in quantum
physics, named after Dr. Planck nobel prize winner: 1.6(10)^(-35) meters).
5
1)Replicating a Human Brain with AI
6
The human brain may not be 100% replicable. However, humans MAYBE can replicate a
human brain enough to simulate radiotrophic fungi eating, AND OR to simulate clicking out.
7
2)Adjusting Physics for Identity
8
While at the beginning, adjusting physics for the law of identity, may not require an AI
replica of the human brain, such replication may eventually reveal necessary nuance.
9
3)Sensing Beyond CMBR
10
Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation “CMBR” illuminates from the possible Bing
Bang Origin of Universe. CMBR possibly demonstrates alternate dimensions, AKA parallel
universes.
Sensing beyond CMBR may require AI, or regular, humans to eat special mushrooms that
grew to eat radiation. Those mushrooms are radiotrophic fungi. Currently those same mushrooms
may be used to aid astronauts from space sickness, analogous to lime juice healing sea sickness.
11
3.5)Vindicating or Falsifying Planck’s Distance and Clicking Out
12
As covered previously in this thesis, the human brain may lack 100% replicability. Yet,
the human brain may be replicable enough, whether through AI or cellular automata, to simulate
clicking out.
The literature behind Planck’s number may be highly robust, yet for a reliable
simulation, getting AI human brainwaves to oscillate at a frequency below Planck’s distance :(
1.6(10)^(-35) meters), must occur at various trials, and successfully, and STRONGLY ENOUGH
correlate with out of body experiences “OBEs.” AI having OBEs would be strong support for
Planck’s distance.
13
4)Clicking Out
14
Clicking out demonstrates the need for an AI replica of the human brain, otherwise the
process may be dangerous.
Getting AI(or maybe real) human brainwaves to oscillate at a frequency below a distance
known as the Plank Distance, which is a fundamental concept in quantum physics, named after
Dr. Planck nobel prize winner: 1.6(10)^(-35) meters.
15
4.5) 3D Printing Reparation Payers Immune to Brain Diseases and Mushroom Toxins
16
Immunity, to both brain diseases and mushroom toxins, is potentially a recessive trait,
reachable through genetically engineered, somatic and germinal, mutations. Thus, humans could,
potentially, 3D print members of their own species, better equipped to preview the possible
afterlife, whether through clicking out, and or radiotrophic fungi consumption.
Humans could also, through both germinal and somatic mutations, genetically engineer
themselves(as in current species members) to be immune to diseases, both of mushroom and
brains. Thus, those current species members could become better equipped to preview the
possible afterlife.
17
4.6)Epigenetic Information Polish
18
Genetic engineering humans to healthily eat radiotrophic fungi, and be less susceptible to
brain cancer, could help us preview the possible afterlife. Polishing epigenotypes could prevent
negative side-effects of genetic engineering. Among aging and other diseases, polishing
epigenotypes to keep information healthy, could help us safely preview the possible afterlife.
19
5)Magnetic Resonance Imaging “MRI”
20
More specifically, MRI-aided radio-enhanced telepathy, could help humans understand,
maybe even share, the possible afterlife previews of both AI and regular humans.
21
6) Computer-Brain Interface “CBI”
22
Computer brain interface, at least potentially, could exactly quantify the possible afterlife
by describing the AI, or regular, human’s experience during mushrooms, or clicking out(brain
waves oscillating under frequency of Planck’s Distance) to the computer in use.
23
Conclusion
24
Even if the possible afterlife is still a mystery, these experiments may offer insight to
potentially, exactly quantify possible life after death.
25
Works Cited
“ Relativity in Brief... Or in Detail.. The Planck Scale: Relativity Meets Quantum
Mechanics Meets Gravity.” Newt.phys.unsw.edu.au, University of New South Wales,
newt.phys.unsw.edu.au/einsteinlight/jw/module6_Planck.htm. Accessed 8 Nov. 2024.
“Defining the Planck scale The Planck length LP is defined by taking the constants of
nature and combining them in such a way that their units combine to give a length. Planck’s
constant, h, has units of joule seconds. (These days, physicists usually work with h/2π, and so
shall we.) Newton’s constant G (the constant of gravitation) has units of N.m2kg-2. And the
speed of light c has units of m.s-1. Check for yourself that the combination that gives length is:
LP = (hG/2πc3)1/2 . This defines the Planck length, which is 1.6 x 10^-35 metres. (That’s 0.000
000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 016 meters.).”
Wolfram, Stephen . “Cellular Automata and Complexity: Collected Papers.”
Amazon.com, CRC Press; 1st edition , 21 Feb. 1994,
www.amazon.com/Cellular-Automata-Complexity-Collected-Papers/dp/0201626640. Accessed 8
Nov. 2024.
26
“ Are mathematical equations the best way to model nature? For many years it had been assumed
that they were. But in the early 1980s, Stephen Wolfram made the radical proposal that one
should instead build models that are based directly on simple computer programs. Wolfram made
a detailed study of a class of such models known as cellular automata, and discovered a
remarkable fact: that even when the underlying rules are very simple, the behavior they produce
can be highly complex, and can mimic many features of what we see in nature. And based on
this result, Wolfram began a program of research to develop what he called ?A Science of
Complexity.?The results of Wolfram’s work found many applications, from the so-called
Wolfram Classification central to fields such as artificial life, to new ideas about cryptography
and fluid dynamics. This book is a collection of Wolfram’s original papers on cellular automata
and complexity. Some of these papers are widely known in the scientific community; others have
never been published before. Together, the papers provide a highly readable account of what has
become a major new field of science, with important implications for physics, biology,
economics, computer science and many other areas.”
Fraile, Alberto, et al. “Cellular Automata and Artificial Brain Dynamics.” Mathematical
and Computational Applications, vol. 23, no. 4, 16 Nov. 2018, p. 75,
https://doi.org/10.3390/mca23040075.
“Abstract
Brain dynamics, neuron activity, information transfer in brains, etc., are a vast field where
a large number of questions remain unsolved. Nowadays, computer simulation is playing a key
role in the study of such an immense variety of problems. In this work, we explored the
possibility of studying brain dynamics using cellular automata, more precisely the famous Game
27
of Life (GoL). The model has some important features (i.e., pseudo-criticality, 1/f noise,
universal computing), which represent good reasons for its use in brain dynamics modelling. We
have also considered that the model maintains sufficient flexibility. For instance, the timestep is
arbitrary, as are the spatial dimensions. As first steps in our study, we used the GoL to simulate
the evolution of several neurons (i.e., a statistically significant set, typically a million neurons)
and their interactions with the surrounding ones, as well as signal transfer in some simple
scenarios. The way that signals (or life) propagate across the grid was described, along with a
discussion on how this model could be compared with brain dynamics. Further work and
variations of the model were also examined.
Keywords: cellular automata;game of life;brain dynamics .”
Ohnemus , Alexander . “Critical Rationalist Physics.” ResearchGate.net , Ohnemus
Museum , 16 June 2024,
www.researchgate.net/publication/381469939_Critical_Rationalist_Physics. Accessed 8 Nov.
2024.
http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.21290.63689 . “ We can incorrectly cling to the
Newtonian and macroscopic view, thereby abandoning relativity, quantum mechanics, modern
cosmology and string theory. We can incorrectly not adjust premises and concepts upon
28
contradictions in relativity, quantum mechanics, modern cosmology and string theory. Or we can
apply the law of identity to all of modern physics, PERHAPS identifying the afterlife.”
Warren C. Gibson. “Modern Physics versus Objectivism.” The Journal of Ayn Rand
Studies, vol. 13, no. 2, 2013, pp. 140–59. JSTOR,
https://doi.org/10.5325/jaynrandstud.13.2.0140. Accessed 9 Nov. 2024.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5325/jaynrandstud.13.2.0140 .
“Leonard Peikoff and David Harriman have denounced modern physics as incompatible
with Objectivist metaphysics and epistemology. Physics, they say, must return to a Newtonian
viewpoint; much of relativity theory must go, along with essentially all of quantum mechanics,
string theory, and modern cosmology. In their insistence on justifications in terms of “physical
nature,” they cling to a macroscopic worldview that doesn't work in the high-velocity arena of
relativity or the subatomic level of quantum mechanics. It is suggested that the concept of
identity be widened to accommodate the probabilistic nature of quantum phenomena.”
Ohnemus , Alexander . “A New Type of Humanities.” ResearchGate.net, Ohnemus
Museum , 20 Oct. 2024,
www.researchgate.net/publication/385291344_A_New_Type_of_Humanities . Accessed 8 Nov.
2024.
http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.25976.66564 . “NOTE: Cosmic Microwave
Background Radiation “CMBR”, is expected to illuminate from the suspected Big Bang genesis
of the universe. CMBR thereby MAY separate our universe from parallel universes. We should
29
create an AI human that can eat radiotrophic fungi safely, then stated AI human may be able to
see, WITHOUT DYING, past CMBR, and into the possible afterlife, and we could too if we
attach magnetic resonance imaging “MRI” to that AI human. The experiment MAY require 3
different AI models: 1)an AI human 2)an AI radiotrophic fungi 3)an AI CMBR. OR We could
make the senses of the AI human strong enough to SAFELY eat REAL radiotrophic fungi, while
sensing the ending REAL CMBR, into the possible afterlife, we could witness with MRI. OR
Maybe we could 3D print a REAL AND WILLING human, immune to negative side effects of
radiotrophic fungi. We could then attach a computer(MRI) to that WILLING human’s psyche to
exactly quantify into the possible afterlife.”
“LAMBDA - Cosmic Microwave Background.” Lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov,
lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/education/graphic_history/microwaves.html.
http://www.ulb.ac.be/ . First Mushrooms Appeared Earlier than Previously Thought.
phys.org, 22 Jan. 2020,
phys.org/news/2020-01-mushrooms-earlier-previously-thought.html . Accessed 28
Oct. 2024.
“According to a new study led by Steeve Bonneville from the Université libre de
Bruxelles, the first mushrooms evolved on Earth between 715 and 810 million years
ago, 300 million years earlier than the scientific community had believed until
now.Jan 22, 2020.”
30
BLAKEWAY, DACM, LAC, JILL. “Healing Power of Mushrooms: What Chernobyl’s
Mysterious Black Fungi Reveal.” Yinovacenter.com, Yinova Center , 22 May 2024,
www.yinovacenter.com/blog/what-chernobyls-mysterious-black-fungi-reveal-about-the-healing-
power-of-mushrooms/. Accessed 28 Oct. 2024.
“ In the aftermath of the 1986 Chernobyl disaster, researchers discovered something
remarkable: jet-black fungi growing inside the nuclear reactors. These fungi, adapted to life in
the exclusion zone, where radiation levels are high, have a superpower: they can absorb and
consume radiation.” “ Scientists suggest that these radiotrophic fungi could be useful for space
travel, claiming they could reduce radiation levels in space by about two percent and potentially
benefit astronauts on long missions. Imagine the humble mushroom helping protect space
travelers from cosmic radiation!”
“Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) Radiation.” Esa.int, European Space Agency,
www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Cosmic_Microwave_Background_CMB_radia
tion#:~:text=The%20relic%20of%20that%20’first,with%20it%20all%20length%20scales.
Accessed 28 Oct. 2024.
“ The relic of that “first light” is the CMB. Since the time when that radiation was
released, the Universe has expanded, becoming at the same time cooler and cooler. The cosmic
31
background has been affected by the same process: it has expanded and cooled down. Space has
“stretched” itself, and with it all length scales.”
“ANALYSIS and ASSESSMENT of GATEWAY PROCESS.” Cia.gov, CIA, 9 June
1983, www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp96-00788r001700210016-5 . Accessed 8 Nov.
2024.
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0-385-00861-9
●Russell Ronald (2007) "The Journey of Robert Monroe: From Out-Of-Body Explorer to
Consciousness Pioneer", Hampton Roads Publishing, ISBN 1-57174-533-5
●Stockton Bayard (1989) "Catapult: The Biography of Robert A. Monroe", Donning
Co.,ISBN 0-89865-756-3
●Mayer, Robert A. (2007) "The Intrigue of the Possible", AuthorHouse, ISBN
1-4343-0829-4
●Randolph Keith (1983) "The Truth about Astral Projection", Llewellyn Worldwide,
ISBN 0-87542-350-7
32
●Barling, Stephen (2003-02-13) "Cosmic degrees: Out of body at the Monroe Institute",
The Hook (Charlottesville), Issue 206
●Ultimate Journey, published 1994 by Doubleday
●The Monroe Institute
●R. Russell, Journey of Robert Monroe: From Out of Body Explorer to Consciousness
Pioneer, Deep Books, July 2007, p105. ISBN 978-1-57174-533-0
●Gondola Wish Assessment Report, 902d Military Intelligence Group, 25 August 1978.
●Remote Viewers: The Secret History of America's Psychic Spies, Jim Schnabel, 1997,
p292-3. ISBN 978-0-440-61405-0
●INSCOM log for August 1983 to January 1984
●"Accessing Anomalous States of Consciousness with a Binaural Beat Technology", F
Holmes Atwater, Journal of Scientific Exploration, Vol 1, No 3, 1997, p263-274[unreliable
source?]
●Bob Ortega, "Research institute shows people a way out of their bodies", The Wall Street
Journal, September 20, 1994, pp. A1, A8.
●Stephen Barling, "Cosmic degrees: Out of body at the Monroe Institute". The Hook.
February 13, 2003.
●US Patent 3884218: "Method of inducing and maintaining various stages of sleep in the
human being"
●US Patent 5213562: "Method of inducing mental, emotional and physical states of
consciousness, including specific mental activity, in human beings"
33
●US Patent 5356368: "Method of and apparatus for inducing desired states of
consciousness"
●Sheikh, Anees A.(2003) "Healing Images: The Role Of Imagination in Health",
Baywood Publishing, ISBN 0-89503-208-2
●"[1]". The Effects of Hemi-Sync on Electrocortical Activity, Sadigh and Kozicky
●Chandra Stone, Phyllis Thomas, Dennis McClain-Furmanski, & James E. Horton (2002).
"EEG oscillations and binaural beat as compared with electromagnetic headphones and
air-conduction headphones", Psychophysiology vol 39, pp. S80
●Kliempt P, Ruta D, Ogston S, Landeck A, Martay K (August 1999).
"Hemispheric-synchronisation during anaesthesia: a double-blind randomised trial using
audiotapes for intra-operative nociception control". Anaesthesia. 54 (8): 769–73.
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2044.1999.00958.x.PMID 10460529.
●Lewis AK, Osborn IP, Roth R (February 2004). "The effect of hemispheric
synchronization on intraoperative analgesia". Anesthesia and Analgesia. 98 (2): 533–6,
table of contents. doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000096181.89116.d2.PMID 14742401.S2CID
25176260.
●Dabu-Bondoc S, Drummond-Lewis J, Gaal D, McGinn M, Caldwell-Andrews AA, Kain
ZN (September 2003). "Hemispheric synchronized sounds and intraoperative anesthetic
requirements". Anesthesia and Analgesia. 97(3): 772–5.
doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000076145.83783.e7.PMID 12933400.S2CID 31719837.
34
Ohnemus , Alexander . “ANTI-RacistCaseStudiesInexactReplicationforReparations
2.Docx.” ResearchGate.net , Ohnemus Museum, 12 Oct. 2024,
www.researchgate.net/publication/384866910_ANTI-racistCaseStudiesInexactReplicationforRep
arations_2docx. Accessed 8 Nov. 2024.
http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.21145.84326 Reparations and Mass Reproduction A
proposed tax base of willing, anti-racist Northwestern Europeans—comprising Celtic, Nordic,
and Germanic groups—supports the idea that opposition to unchecked white power does not
equate to opposition to racial Europeans. As Wise (2022) states: “The left doesn’t cheer
demographic replacement of white people—just a decline in unchecked white power.”
Unchecked white power, often referred to as “whiteness,” should not be conflated with being
racially European. The term “racial Europeans” is preferred over the term “whites” to prevent
confusion. Knowledge and Engineering The progression of science education from theory to
practice is evident: “In chemistry class, students must follow their professors or risk poor grades.
In engineering, acknowledging the thin line between proto and modern science with critical
rationalism is key, or products may suffer” (Ohnemus, 2024). Science must always remain
falsifiable. Before chemistry evolved, alchemy dominated. With the development of chemical
engineering, even the periodic table has undergone significant changes. As a result, theory must
guide practice, but scientific facts must also remain open to revision. DNA studies play an
integral role in creating enough taxpayers through 3D printing to support anti-racist reparations.
Without proper oversight, technology could have harmful consequences for 3D-printed humans.
Biology and Critical Race Theory Biology reinforces both common sense and critical race
theory: “Information theory asserts constructivism’s dominance and privilege is heritable”
35
(Ohnemus, 2024). Privilege is the primary trait that offers specific advantages. Environmental
factors can modify privilege, and external interventions—such as technology or medication—can
enhance it. However, correlation should not be mistaken for causation. In pursuing progress,
reparations may be drawn from mass-reproduced Northwestern European taxpayers..
Ohnemus , Alexander . “Deducing ITOA’s Veracity.” ResearchGate.net, Ohnemus
Museum , 17 June 2024,
www.researchgate.net/publication/382330574_Deducing_ITOA’s_Veracity . Accessed
9 Nov. 2024.
http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.28683.91685 . “Demonstrating Information Theory of Aging’s
robustness and practicality through deductive reasoning. Potentially anti-aging vaccines will
automatically mass produce.” Demonstrating Information Theory of Aging's robustness and
practicality through deductive reasoning. Potentially anti-aging vaccines will automatically mass
produce. Information Theory of Aging is the most robust and practical out of current theories
explaining human age. Aging is a disease best explained as information loss. Damage theory does
not account for damage’s possible necessity towards human personal growth. A cellular error is
difficult to define, thus, error theory also lacks veracity. When is an error actually an adaptive
mutation? When is damage actually adaptive mutation? Plus, information theory of aging is uniquely
accessible to computer assistance. Unfortunately, death may be inevitable, a sequel to this essay, to
hopefully map the afterlife, will be Critical Rationalist Parapsychology.
36
Ohnemus, Alexander . “EIP Then RPD.” ResearchGate.net , Ohnemus Museum , 14
Aug. 2024, www.researchgate.net/publication/383114924_EIP_then_RPD. Accessed
9 Nov. 2024.
“http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.26844.60808 .
Epigenetic information polish then recessive privilege distribution. WARNING:
Genetic engineering is DANGEROUS. Hopefully regularly polishing the epigenome
will cure aging and other diseases, plus prevent side effects of genetic engineering.
Also, hopefully and theoretically, after the potential CONSENSUAL AND
BENEFICIAL genetic engineering to provide recessive traits and recessive genes, if
the surgery is simple enough, subjects will keep their genetic signatures.”
Johns Hopkins Medicine. “Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).” Johns Hopkins
Medicine, 2019,
www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/magnetic-resonance-imaging-mri
.
37
“Magnetic resonance imaging, or MRI, is a noninvasive medical imaging test that
produces detailed images of almost every internal structure in the human body, including the
organs, bones, muscles and blood vessels. MRI scanners create images of the body using a large
magnet and radio waves.”
Ohnemus , Alexander . “Could Radio-Enhanced Telepathy, with MRI Scans, Accelerate
Program Language Learning? How Specifically?” ResearchGate.net , Ohnemus Museum, 7 Aug.
2024,
www.researchgate.net/publication/382914379_Could_radio-enhanced_telepathy_with_MRI_sca
ns_accelerate_program_language_learning_How_specifically . Accessed 8 Nov. 2024.
http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.15882.07366
Maybe by connecting a specific software, WITH NON-intrusive MRI scans, to someone,
thereby instantly teaching the person how exactly to program those many lines of code.
"Radio-enhanced telepathy already operates. The telepathy is '81.25%' accurate(Jiang2019).
Plus, the communication is directly from one brain to another, telepathy by definition. Lastly,
MRI scans may FURTHER this already-established telepathy" (14) (PDF) Critical Rationalist
Parapsychology. Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/382446120_Critical_Rationalist_Parapsychology
[accessed Aug 06 2024]
Ohnemus , Alexander . “Critical Rationalist Parapsychology.” ResearchGate.net ,
Ohnemus Museum , 20 July 2024,
38
www.researchgate.net/publication/382446120_Critical_Rationalist_Parapsychology . Accessed 8
Nov. 2024.
Critical rationalist evidence for telepathy, afterlife studies, and probability. Demystifying
parapsychology as “divided into two main branches: a) extra-sensory perception (ESP) which is
the study of communications ostensibly without the known sensoryorgans and, b) psychokinesis
(PK) or the study of physical events that occur without involvement of any recognized motor
organs”(Pasricha 2011). Communication without sensory organs meanstelepathy. Telepathy is
mind reading. The next part of parapsychology is inferring the afterlife.Lastly, parapsychology
consists of generally making rigorous predictions or supposedly seeingthe precise future.
Parapsychology is telepathy, afterlife prediction, and general probability (PDF) Critical
Rationalist Parapsychology. Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/382446120_Critical_Rationalist_Parapsychology
[accessed Nov 08 2024]. Sequel to
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/382330574_Deducing_ITOA’s_Veracity.
Jiang, L., Stocco, A., Losey, D.M. et al. BrainNet: A Multi-Person Brain-to-Brain
Interface for Direct Collaboration Between Brains. Sci Rep 9, 6115 (2019).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-41895-7 . “We present BrainNet which, to our knowledge, is
the first multi-person non-invasive direct brain-to-brain interface for collaborative problem
solving. The interface combines electroencephalography (EEG) to record brain signals and
transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to deliver information noninvasively to the brain. The
interface allows three human subjects to collaborate and solve a task using direct brain-to-brain
39
communication. Two of the three subjects are designated as “Senders” whose brain signals are
decoded using real-time EEG data analysis. The decoding process extracts each Sender’s
decision about whether to rotate a block in a Tetris-like game before it is dropped to fill a line.
The Senders’ decisions are transmitted via the Internet to the brain of a third subject, the
“Receiver,” who cannot see the game screen. The Senders’ decisions are delivered to the
Receiver’s brain via magnetic stimulation of the occipital cortex. The Receiver integrates the
information received from the two Senders and uses an EEG interface to make a decision about
either turning the block or keeping it in the same orientation. A second round of the game
provides an additional chance for the Senders to evaluate the Receiver’s decision and send
feedback to the Receiver’s brain, and for the Receiver to rectify a possible incorrect decision
made in the first round. We evaluated the performance of BrainNet in terms of (1) Group-level
performance during the game, (2) True/False positive rates of subjects’ decisions, and (3) Mutual
information between subjects. Five groups, each with three human subjects, successfully used
BrainNet to perform the collaborative task, with an average accuracy of 81.25%. Furthermore,
by varying the information reliability of the Senders by artificially injecting noise into one
Sender’s signal, we investigated how the Receiver learns to integrate noisy signals in order to
make a correct decision. We found that like conventional social networks, BrainNet allows
Receivers to learn to trust the Sender who is more reliable, in this case, based solely on the
information transmitted directly to their brains. Our results point the way to future brain-to-brain
interfaces that enable cooperative problem solving by humans using a “social network” of
connected brains.”
40
Shih, Jerry J et al. “Brain-computer interfaces in medicine.” Mayo Clinic proceedings
vol. 87,3 (2012): 268-79. doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2011.12.008.
“https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3497935/ Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) acquire
brain signals, analyze them, and translate them into commands that are relayed to output devices
that carry out desired actions. BCIs do not use normal neuromuscular output pathways. The main
goal of BCI is to replace or restore useful function to people disabled by neuromuscular
disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, cerebral palsy, stroke, or spinal cord injury.”