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Closing the divide: Exploring higher education teachers’ perspectives on educational technology
Abstract
Incorporating technology into education has become a crucial component of contemporary teaching practices. Technological advancements have led to the development of innovative teaching tools and methodologies that promote active learning and engagement among students. This study used a modified version of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to analyze the key factors that impact the integration of technology in the teaching practice of higher education instructors. Among the factors to be included in the modified model are technostress and teaching tradition. These factors have been rarely examined within the mandatory technology integration in higher education settings. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) is used to analyse the empirical data collected from 657 higher education teachers in Jordan. Findings reveal that teachers’ technological, pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK) played a crucial role in facilitating the effective integration of technology into teaching practices. This boosted self-efficacy, personal innovativeness and perceptions of ease of use and usefulness. Additionally, teachers’ TPACK negatively influenced their technostress and teaching tradition. Indeed, technostress and teaching tradition were identified as significant obstacles to the effective integration of technology into teaching practices. Significant implications for theory and practice can be derived from the findings of this study to effectively incorporate technology in higher education.
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Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has taken educational settings by storm in the past year due to its transformative ability to impact school education. It is crucial to investigate pre-service teachers’ viewpoints to effectively incorporate GenAI tools into their instructional practices. Data gathered from 606 pre-service teachers were analyzed to explore the predictors of behavioral intention to design Gen AI-assisted teaching. Based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model, this research integrates multiple variables such as Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK), GenAI anxiety, and technology self-efficacy. Our findings revealed that GenAI anxiety, social influence, and performance expectancy significantly predicted pre-service teachers’ behavioral intention to design GenAI-assisted teaching. However, effort expectancy and facilitating conditions were not statistically associated with pre-service teachers’ behavioral intentions. These findings offer significant insights into the intricate relationships between predictors that influence pre-service teachers’ perspectives and intentions regarding GenAI technology.
Purpose
In recent times, live online teaching has emerged as a prominent trend in online education. However, teachers are confronted with the challenge of not only acquainting themselves with the associated technologies but also effectively integrating them into their teaching practices. This dual challenge exerts pressure on teachers to adopt live online teaching. This study aims to explore the factors and mechanisms influencing teachers’ attitudes and continuance intention toward live online teaching. It covers both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, as well as both enabling and inhibiting factors, thus providing valuable suggestions for encouraging teachers to engage in live online teaching actively.
Method
This study proposed a conceptual model based on the Technology Acceptance Model, Uses and Gratifications Theory, and Communication Privacy Management Theory. A simple random sampling method was employed to recruit participants from a university in eastern China. With 224 college teachers participating in the study, various analyses, including descriptive analysis, regression analysis, and simple slope analysis, were conducted to explore the factors and mechanisms influencing college teachers’ adoption of live online teaching.
Results
The study revealed the following key findings: (a) perceived easy of use had a positive impact on perceived usefulness and user satisfaction; (b) perceived usefulness had a positive effect on user satisfaction; (c) both perceived usefulness and user satisfaction positively influenced teachers’ adoption of live online teaching; (d) perceived easy of use did not directly affect teachers’ adoption of live online teaching; (e) privacy concerns exhibited a moderated effect on the relationship between perceived easy of use and perceived usefulness, as well as the relationship between perceived easy of use and user satisfaction.
Conclusion
The study reveals a conditional process model elucidating teachers’ adoption of live online learning. The model incorporates perceived ease of use as a predictor, perceived usefulness and user satisfaction as two mediators, and private concerns as a moderator. The findings suggest that stakeholders should collaborate closely to enhance the design and development of the live online teaching platforms. Additionally, efforts should be made to support and improve teachers’ information literacy, fostering their enthusiasm and facilitating their professional development in live online teaching practice.
A growing number of studies are focusing on the effect of teachers’ knowledge on their behavioral intention to use technology in teaching. This study aims to explore the influence of teachers’ technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) on their behavioral intention to use technology by including their technology self-efficacy and attitude toward use in a chain mediation model. Based on a thorough literature review, this study establishes a theoretical model. Then, data are collected from 314 in-service teachers in primary and secondary schools in two provinces in China and analyzed using structural equation modeling and effect analysis. Results show that (1) the teachers’ technology self-efficacy and attitude toward technology play a crucial independent mediating role in the influence of TPACK on their behavioral intention to use technology, and (2) the teachers’ technology self-efficacy and attitude toward use have a chain mediating effect on the influence of their TPACK on their behavioral intention to use technology. On the basis of the results, this study presents some implications to effectively understand how teachers’ behavioral intention to use technology in teaching can be improved.
Purpose
This paper aims to analyse the factors that influence the satisfaction and intention of continuity of use, of teachers and students, regarding using Moodle in undergraduate courses in one Campus at the Federal Institute of Rondônia in Brazil. The starting point was an integration of DeLone and McLean's Information Systems Success Model (ISSM) with Davis' Technology Acceptance Model (TAM).
Design/methodology/approach
A quantitative research approach was adopted. After the definition of the hypotheses, data were collected through self-administered questionnaires. The questionnaires were designed to measure the five constructs: Quality of Information (QI), Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU), Perceived Usefulness (PU), User Satisfaction (US) and Behavioural Intention to use (BI) that make up the conceptual model of the study. The data were analysed based on 144 valid questionnaires. The technique of maximum likelihood estimation was adopted in the data analysis through structural equation modelling (SEM).
Findings
The results confirmed six of the nine hypothesised relationships. QI positively impacts PEOU and US. PEOU positively impacts PU, which in turn positively impacts US and BI. Similarly, US positively impacts Moodle's BI. It was also evidenced that PU is the strongest predictor of US.
Practical implications
These results can help educational institutions, managers, administrators and designers of e-learning systems to develop strategies to increase Moodle's user satisfaction.
Originality/value
This study provides insights into the perception of students and teachers regarding the use of Moodle. A model that integrates constructs from two models widely used in research related to e-learning (TAM and ISSM) was used in a developing country context. This is important, given cultural differences and social idiosyncrasies in different contexts, particularly in an educational institution in the Amazonia region in northern Brazil.
This study examines how early-career teachers' experience and perceived support during the pandemic affected their technology integration self-efficacy and their use of information and communication technology (ICT) after school closure. The results reveal that teachers' positive teaching experiences were associated with their technology integration self-efficacy and their self-reported changes in technology use after the school closure. The results show effects of ICT literacy and general teacher self-efficacy on technology integration self-efficacy. ICT literacy, teacher self-efficacy, and positive experience had indirect effects, whereas support and technology integration self-efficacy had direct effects on changes in teachers' ICT use for teaching.
The interest in metaverse technology has risen notably in higher education learning contexts. Due to the global spread of the Covid-19 pandemic, higher education institutions are now increasingly emphasising online interactive learning. Higher education institutions are currently investigating the potential of metaverse technology to enhance student learning by immersing them in a 3D interactive environment. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of research on how Gen Z in developing Arab nations, such as Jordan, decide whether or not to use metaverse technology in higher education (Eduverse). Therefore, it is crucial to understand the dynamics of Eduverse adoption to encourage and inspire Gen Z students to make use of this cutting-edge technology. Through structural equation modeling applied to a sample of 537 Jordanian students of Gen Z, this research assessed a model that adapts and integrates the UTUAT2 theory with Personnel Innovativeness in IT (PIIT). From a UTAUT2 perspective, the results suggest that, apart from social influence, all other included determinants have significant and positive impacts on Gen Z adoption intentions for the metaverse in higher education learning environments. In addition, the results demonstrate that PIIT is a strong predictor of adoption intention both directly and indirectly via performance and effort expectations. The developed model in this study explains 57.5% of the variance in Eduverse adoption intentions. This study adds to the current body of knowledge by enhancing our comprehension of the dynamics and behaviours of Eduverse acceptance among Jordanian Gen Z students. In addition to its theoretical value, this research offers profound implications for the executives and policymakers of higher education institutions.
Business intelligence (BI) has become increasingly popular among executives in various industries owing to its potential to facilitate informed decision-making. Nevertheless, its adoption is not well explored in higher education institutions (HEIs), where a large volume of data is generated. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the key drivers that underlie BI adoption in HEIs, leveraging the conceptual lens of the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework. To do so, prominent factors in TOE contexts have been gleaned from related BI literature. The study used PLS-SEM modelling to analyze quantitative data collected from 387 individuals in various management roles within HEIs in Jordan. The results showed that top management support, information culture, compatibility, organizational readiness, relative advantages, perceived Complexity, information quality, and vendor selection are significant determinants of BA in HEIs—competitive pressure, which was statistically insignificant. The results further revealed that information culture emerges as the strongest predictor, while Complexity exerts a significant negative effect on BI, demonstrating that Complexity acts as a key hurdle in BI adoption. The outcomes of this study offer valuable guidance for HEIs executives concerning the antecedents to consider for successful BI implementation.
Metaverse, which combines a number of information technologies, is the Internet of the future. A media for immersive learning, metaverse could set future educational trends and lead to significant reform in education. Although the metaverse has the potential to improve the effectiveness of online learning experiences, metaverse-based educational implementations are still in their infancy. Additionally, what factors impact higher education students’ adoption of the educational metaverse remains unclear. Consequently, the aim of this study is to explore the main factors that affect higher education students’ behavioral intentions to adopt metaverse technology for education. This study has proposed an extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to achieve this aim. The novelty of this study resides in its conceptual model, which incorporates both technological, personal, and inhibiting/enabling factors. The empirical data were collected via online questionnaires from 574 students in both private and public universities in Jordan. Based on the PLS-SEM analysis, the study identifies perceived usefulness, personal innovativeness in IT, and perceived enjoyment as key enablers of students’ behavioral intentions to adopt the metaverse. Additionally, perceived cyber risk is found as the main inhibitor of students’ metaverse adoption intentions. Surprisingly, the effect of perceived ease of use on metaverse adoption intentions is found to be insignificant. Furthermore, it is found that self-efficacy, personal innovativeness, and perceived cyber risk are the main determinants of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. While the findings of this study contribute to the extension of the TAM model, the practical value of these findings is significant since they will help educational authorities understand each factor’s role and enable them to plan their future strategies.
The current study aims to report the role of technological pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK) in the integration of technology by preservice teachers during teaching practicum. As this study employed a survey as its methodological approach, instruments measuring TPACK and the integration of technology during teaching practicum were developed based on prior studies and validated through content validity and a pilot study. The main data (n. 1333) were analyzed through the partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM), supported by importance performance map analysis (IPMA). The study’s results were satisfactory in determining the scale’s validity and reliability. The structural model shows that all the hypothetical interactions were positively significant. The strongest relationship between the TPACK factors emerged between technological pedagogical knowledge (TPK) and TPACK. Additionally, technology integration was most significantly affected by TPACK.
Technostress is an undesired consequence of information and communication technology (ICT) use and might negatively affect teachers. However, there is a lack of empirical research exploring the influences of technostress creators on teachers' ICT use. This study aims to bridge this gap by exploring the structural relationship among five technostress creators (ie, techno‐complexity, techno‐overload, techno‐invasion, techno‐insecurity, and techno‐uncertainty), teachers' attitudes toward ICT, and their ICT adoption intentions. The research model was developed based on existing literature and tested using structural equation modelling. Data were collected from 289 teachers from six public elementary and secondary schools in China. The results indicate that: (a) teachers' attitude toward ICT has a significant positive effect on their ICT adoption intentions; (b) techno‐insecurity and techno‐complexity have significant negative effects on teachers' attitude toward ICT and ICT adoption intentions, respectively; (c) techno‐invasion and techno‐overload have significant positive effects on teachers' attitude toward ICT and their ICT adoption intentions, respectively; (d) techno‐uncertainty has a significant positive effect on both teachers' attitude toward ICT and their ICT adoption intentions; (e) compared to younger teachers, the attitude of teachers aged 45 and above toward ICT are more negatively affected by techno‐insecurity. Implications for the management of technostress creators are discussed.
Practitioner notes
What is already known about this topic Technostress negatively influences teachers' acceptance and adoption intention of ICT.
The influences of specific technostress creators may differ.
There is a lack of empirical research exploring the exact influences of technostress creators on teachers' ICT use.
What the paper adds Techno‐insecurity and techno‐complexity negatively affect teachers' attitudes toward ICT and ICT adoption intentions, respectively.
Techno‐invasion and techno‐overload positively affect teachers' attitudes toward ICT and their ICT adoption intentions, respectively.
Techno‐uncertainty significantly positively affects teachers' attitudes toward ICT and ICT adoption intentions.
The attitude of teachers aged 45 and above toward ICT is more negatively affected by techno‐insecurity.
Implications for practice and/or policy Schools should provide adequate end‐user training, a friendly technical help desk, and teacher‐oriented psychological counselling programs concerning technostress to mitigate teachers' techno‐complexity and techno‐insecurity.
School administrators should take measures, such as providing timely upgrades and continuous maintenance services, to ensure the reliability and accessibility of technologies.
It is necessary for school ICT support staff to guide teachers, especially teachers aged 45 and above, to take positive coping strategies, such as venting, seeking social support and engaging in technical training, to deal with techno‐insecurity.
Aim/Purpose: The objective of this study is threefold: (i) investigate how a group of subjects see the relationship between the integration of content, pedagogical and technological knowledge of their chemistry teaching in light of the teaching practices developed during the pandemic; (ii) present a framework for the integration of digital technologies in chemical education; and (iii) integrate empirical research on teachers’ relationship with technology in the remote classroom during the pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed changes in the ways of teaching and learning and has affected educational contexts at all levels of education. While technology has been instrumental in providing access to education during the pandemic, it has also revealed a picture of serious technological inequality, especially among students. The adoption of technology in education is an old topic in Brazil but still requires studies and advances in the implementation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in education. With regard to teaching Chemical Science, the study of the skills and knowledge that teachers need to carry out an effective and efficient integration of ICT in education is still a priority at any educational level. Methodology: The research method used was qualitative with an interpretive paradigm that involved 324 Licentiate and Baccalaureate students in Chemistry from public educational institutions in the five regions that make up the Brazilian territory. Data were collected through an online survey and, after being exported it was analyzed using Python software. In order to reduce the number of variables, exploratory factor analysis was carried out followed by a reliability analysis of the adopted factors, in addition to subsequent comparisons between the means related to the three factors for each of the categorical variables present in this work (Gender, Age, Region, Teacher Education, Period, and Course). Contribution: This article analyzes the perceptions of these chemistry students in Brazil regarding the effective integration of content, pedagogical and technological knowledge of their chemistry teachers during the pandemic. It also proposes a framework of a model constituted from the amalgamation between Johnstone’s triangle and the conceptual structure TPACK whose aim is to teach chemistry by interrelating the macroscopic, symbolic, and submicroscopic levels incorporated into technologies. Findings: The results of this research allow us to conclude that of the three main knowledge areas proposed in the TPACK model, the field of Knowledge mostly Scientific of chemistry teachers (Factor 1) was pointed out as the most deficient when investigated in the light of the perceptions of the students. The model developed and presented in this study, which integrates TPACK into the Johnstone Triangle, proposed a theoretical framework that explains the integration of technology into the chemistry curriculum and gives teachers a very important role in its use and appropriation to facilitate the integration of technology in an effective way, thus adding improvements to the construction of chemical knowledge of their students. Recommendations for Practitioners: This study found that it is necessary for chemistry teachers to carry out training courses to improve the development of ICT-related skills and, consequently, to use the knowledge that composes the TPACK structure in interrelated ways so that chemical instructions can be used in a pedagogically appropriate manner and effectively to improve students’ chemistry learning experience. Recommendation for Researchers: This study involved only higher education chemistry professors and students; therefore, future research is needed involving chemistry teachers from different levels of education to expand our results. In addition, the proposed model that integrates TPACK and Johnstone’s Triangle can be reapplied and improved, and new theoretical and epistemological contributions can be added to the framework to improve the teaching and learning process of chemistry with the support of technologies. Impact on Society: The understanding of the TPACK of higher education chemistry teachers in Brazil can demonstrate weaknesses in the process of incorporating ICT in the classroom during the process of teaching and learning chemistry. Therefore, this research typology can be useful in supporting the development of ICT-related skills, consequently improving teachers’ TPACK. On the other hand, such understanding, by promoting reflections on university chemistry curricula, endorses the need for teachers’ continuing education as a healthy mechanism for a growing integration of technologies in their teaching practices. The proposed model has the potential to align discussions on the use of technology in teaching chemistry, considering the specificities that are inherent and indispensable to the understanding of chemical knowledge. Future Research: Future research should be to further improve the use of the proposed model that integrates Johnstone’s triangle and the TPACK conceptual framework in teacher training, using it fully to guide the development and promotion of teacher training courses regarding the insertion of teaching technologies in a pedagogical way to teach chemistry in its different dimensions.
Recently, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to rapid digitalisation in education, requiring educators to adopt several technologies simultaneously for online learning and teaching. Using a large-scale survey (N = 1740), this study aims to construct a model that predicts teachers' extensive technology acceptance by extending the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with their technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) and innovativeness. TAM has been a valuable tool to measure the adoption of new technology in various contexts, including education. However, TAM has been designed and principally applied to assess user acceptance of a specific technology implementation. This study has extended TAM to measure teachers' technology-enabled practice (online teaching) with the adoption of various technologies. The proposed model explains teachers' behav-ioural intention to teach online with a good fit. Our findings revealed the collective effects of TPACK, perceived usefulness (PU) of technology, and innovativeness on teachers' behavioural intention to teach online post-pandemic.
Moreover, the study identified training and support from school as a significant predictor for both teachers' TPACK and PU. The novelty of this study lies in its model conceptualisation that incorporates both information-technology-based constructs and personal-competence-based features, including TPACK and innovativeness. Furthermore, our study contributes to the growing body of literature that addresses online teaching adoption by schoolteachers in the post-pandemic era.
Recently, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to rapid digi-talisation in education, requiring educators to adopt several technologies simultaneously for online learning and teaching. Using a large-scale survey (N = 1740), this study aims to construct a model that predicts teachers' extensive technology acceptance by extending the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with their technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) and innovativeness. TAM has been a valuable tool to measure the adoption of new technology in various contexts, including education. However, TAM has been designed and principally applied to assess user acceptance of a specific technology implementation. This study has extended TAM to measure teachers' technology-enabled practice (online teaching) with the adoption of various technologies. The proposed model explains teachers' behav-ioural intention to teach online with a good fit. Our findings revealed the collective effects of TPACK, perceived usefulness (PU) of technology, and innovativeness on teachers' behavioural intention to teach online post-pandemic. Moreover, the study identified training and support from school as a significant predictor for both teach-ers' TPACK and PU. The novelty of this study lies in its model conceptualisation that incorporates both information-technology-based constructs and personal-competence based features, including TPACK and innovativeness. Furthermore, our study contributes to the growing body of literature that addresses the online teaching adoption by schoolteachers in the post-pandemic era.
The declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic forced humanity to rethink how we teach and learn. The metaverse, a 3D digital space mixed with the real world and the virtual world, has been heralded as a trend of future education with great potential. However, as an emerging item, rarely did the existing study discuss the metaverse from the perspective of education. In this paper, we first introduce the visions of the metaverse, including its origin, definitions, and shared features. Then, the metaverse in education is clearly defined, and a detailed framework of the metaverse in education is proposed, along with in-depth discussions of its features. In addition, four potential applications of the metaverse in education are described with reasons and cases: blended learning, language learning, competence-based education, and inclusive education. Moreover, challenges of the metaverse for educational purposes are also presented. Finally, a range of research topics related to the metaverse in education is proposed for future studies. We hope that, via this research paper, researchers with both computer science and educational technology backgrounds could have a clear vision of the metaverse in education and provide a stepping stone for future studies. We also expect more researchers interested in this topic can commence their studies inspired by this paper.
Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) is an alternative method to the historically more commonly used covariance-based SEM (CB-SEM) when analyzing the data using structural equation modeling (SEM). The article starts by introducing PLS-SEM to second language and education research, followed by a discussion of situations in which PLS-SEM should be the method of choice for structural equation modeling. It is argued that PLS-SEM is appropriate when complex models are analyzed, when prediction is the focus of the research-particularly out-of-sample prediction to support external validity, when data do not meet normal distribution assumptions, when formative constructs are included, and when higher-order constructs facilitate better understanding of theoretical models. The most up-to-date guidelines for applying PLS-SEM are provided, and step-by-step guidance is offered on how to apply the method using an R statistical package (i.e., SEMinR) that is available. An example is provided that shows how the results of PLS-SEM are interpreted and reported. We also make the data publicly available for readers to start learning PLS-SEM by replicating our findings. The paper concludes with important considerations for the utilization of SEM, especially PLS-SEM, in future L2 research.
Digital technology and literacy can heighten the transformation of teaching and learning in higher education institutions (HEIs). This study uncovers the extent to which digital technologies have been used to advance the teaching and learning process in HEIs, and the barriers and bottlenecks to why it may not have been effectively implemented across the HEIs. The study used nine selected countries in Latin America (LATAM) based on the main focus of the educators, commercial, and financial investors; to show the level of impact/implications of computer technologies on the teaching and learning processes. We applied a two-step (mixed) methodology (through a quantitative and qualitative lens) for the research investigation, using data collected from survey we administered to faculty members in HEIs across the different countries in LATAM. In turn, we implemented a Text Mining technique (sentiment and emotional valence analysis) to analyze opinions (textual data) given by the participants to help determine challenges and obstacles to using the digital technologies for teaching and learning in the region. Quantitatively, we applied a Kruskal–Wallis H-test to analyze the collected multiple choice and ranked items in the questionnaire in order to identify prominent factors that consummately influence the reach, barriers, and bottlenecks, and where the differences may lie across the different LATAM countries. The results show that the users upheld the emphasis on lack of training, infrastructures and resources, access to internet and digital platforms, as the main challenges to the teaching–learning process. The study also empirically discussed and shed light on critical factors the HEIs, particularly in LATAM, should resolve and adopt in support of the decision-making strategies, operational policies and governance, financial investments, and policymaking, at a time when “digital technologies” have become an inevitable and indispensable part of education and learning.
In this era of rapid technology growth, many countries have begun to adopt emerging technologies into their educational systems to improve learning outcomes. The aim of this study is to explore the factors influencing teachers’ experiences of technostress while using new technology in academic classrooms and how it might be mitigated. Prior research has not focused on how technostress develops among individuals over time or how it can be mitigated in an individual context; the intention of this study is to contribute to the technostress literature in these particular areas. To address the research gap, we conducted a qualitative study that collected data through the use of an open-ended question questionnaire. Seventy teachers of different backgrounds and locations responded to the survey. We used thematic analysis to analyze their responses and reveal how lack of school support and their professional identities influence their levels of technostress. Technology characteristics, including the complexity and the benefits of a given technology, and privacy concerns play a crucial role in teachers’ experiences of technostress. Moreover, we found that colleague support in using new technology and open educational resources each contributed to mitigating teachers’ technostress levels. Our study extends technostress research to examine a new learning environment and context. This focus allowed us to highlight the need to develop open educational resources and better social support structures for teachers and to rethink the professional identities of developing teachers to mitigate their levels of technostress. Suggestions for further research that resulted from this work include using a mixed methods research approach in future studies and including more teachers in future work to determine the relationships among the factors identified by this study.
The rapid expansion of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) has transformed learners into digital learners, requiring teachers to integrate technology into their pedagogical approaches, where teachers’ attitudes, technological knowledge, and skills play a significant role in its effective integration. From this perspective, the current study presents teachers’ perceptions regarding technology integration in their teaching-learning practices at all educational levels in light of the previous studies performed in the last 5 years in Pakistan. The findings reveal that teachers exhibit positive perceptions regarding technology integration in teaching-learning practices. They believe that technology-incorporated teaching assists them in enhancing their instructional practices effectively, making the learning process exciting and interactive, and keeping learners motivated. Regarding barriers, the slow speed of the internet, load shedding, lack of infrastructure, online teaching experience, and training were reported as the main obstacles that hinder teachers from effective integration of ICT into their teaching practices. Accordingly, the study findings suggest that concerned authorities should set clear and effective policies to make efficient use of ICT by allocating a sufficient budget and ensuring all necessary facilitation (e.g., ICT infrastructure, tools, software, internet, and labs) in all educational institutions. Furthermore, particular attention should be devoted to supplying adequate opportunities for the career development of teachers in developing technological competencies, which help them successfully use ICT in their instructional practices.
One of the fundamental components of the United Nations’ sustainable development 2030 agenda is quality education. It aims to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education for all. Digital technologies have emerged as an essential tool to achieve this goal. These technologies are simple to detect emissions sources, prevent additional damage through improved energy efficiency and lower-carbon alternatives to fossil fuels, and even remove surplus greenhouse gases from the environment. Digital technologies strive to decrease or eliminate pollution and waste while increasing production and efficiency. These technologies have shown a powerful impact on the education system. The recent COVID-19 Pandemic has further institutionalised the applications of digital technologies in education. These digital technologies have made a paradigm shift in the entire education system. It is not only a knowledge provider but also a co-creator of information, a mentor, and an assessor. Technological improvements in education have made life easier for students. Instead of using pen and paper, students nowadays use various software and tools to create presentations and projects. When compared to a stack of notebooks, an iPad is relatively light. When opposed to a weighty book, surfing an E-book is easier. These methods aid in increasing interest in research. This paper is brief about the need for digital technologies in education and discusses major applications and challenges in education.
The advent of Internet heralded the rise of scalable educational technology dubbed as massive open online course (MOOC). Easy to use, access, economical as well as flexible, provide students lot of freedom and the advantage of self-paced learning. Despite all these merits, MOOC adoption is low in the higher educational institutions (HEIs) of India. The aim of this study is to explore the factors affecting the behavioural intention to adopt MOOCs among Generation Z (Gen Z) enrolled in the Indian HEIs. The study uses the extended UTAUT2 model with additional constructs of language competency and teacher influence to explore MOOC adoption among the Gen Z. Using online survey, data of 483 students was collected from HEIs of India using stratified random sampling and analysed using partial least square-structure equation modelling (PLS-SEM) technique. The results establish the general applicability of UTAUT2 model in context of MOOC in Indian settings with explanatory power of 69.9% and highlights the positive influence of price value, hedonic motivation, facilitating conditions, performance expectancy and effort expectancy on MOOC adoption. However, the constructs of social influence, habit, language competency, and teacher influence unexpectedly do not have an impact on Behavioural Intention of Gen Z towards MOOC adoption. Based on the research findings, study implications and future directions of the research have been suggested.
In this chapter, we analyze nationwide measures taken in Russia to organize the education system during the pandemic. We show the opportunities and limitations for responses associated relative to the previous policy phase. Special attention is paid to the peculiarities of a system reaction to the situation of a pandemic in a feder-ative country with heterogeneous regions. In contrast to several other countries that adopted a single national strategy, different scenarios were implemented in Russian regions. We investigate the factors that influenced the scenarios and management decisions at the national and regional levels of the country. We highlight differences in the nature and dynamics of measures taken to organize learning in the first (spring-summer 2020) and second (autumn-winter 2020) waves of the pandemic. We also analyze the subjective experience and wellbeing of students and teachers during a pandemic. As the empirical base, we use data from several large sociological studies conducted in the Russian Federation over the past six months on the issues of school closures, distance learning, and the "new normal." This provides a new perspective for studying the increasing education gap between children with different socioeconomic status due to the pandemic.
The Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework provides a theoretical perspective of showing whether a teacher can effectively design and conduct technology-enhanced instruction. In addition, social cognitive variables like self-efficacy, outcome expectations, interest and intentions play a vital role in whether teachers choose to integrate technology into their instructional practices. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationships between TPACK dimensions and these social cognitive variables to understand teachers’ behaviors in technology integration. For this purpose, a hypothetical model was designed and tested through structural equation modeling to investigate the relationships among these variables. The research sample consisted of 850 teachers from Turkey. The study findings demonstrate that especially teachers' technological knowledge (TK), technological content knowledge (TCK), technological pedagogical knowledge (TPK), and TPACK-core (different interactions of CK and PK with TK) together with their self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and interest have impacts on their intentions to use educational technologies. In this context, teachers with a high level of technological pedagogical content knowledge are more interested in educational technologies, their expectations regarding the outcomes of using instructional technologies increase and they develop behavioral intentions of using educational technologies; as a result, they see/evaluate themselves as more qualified in technology integration. Consequently, the study results are expected to contribute to a better understanding of teachers' behaviors and beliefs toward technology integration in education.
With rapid development of emerging technologies, teachers have been required to integrate mobile technology into their practices to improve learning outcomes. However, teachers have been reluctant to integrate technology into teaching because of technostress. Many studies have investigated the reasons and consequences of technostress in different contexts more than education, specifically teachers in K-12. To shed light on the boundary condition of using new technology, this study investigated technostress as a boundary condition that influences perceived usefulness for continuance intentions of using portable technology. Therefore, the authors introduced a model to describe the relationship among technostress, perceived usefulness, and K-12 teacher attitudes toward and continuance intentions to using mobile technology in the Palestinian context. 367 teachers from different backgrounds participated in the quantitative study. SPSS and AMOS were used to find the path coefficients of the model. The findings revealed that technostress has non-significant direct effects on continuance intentions of using portable technology, where perceived usefulness plays a crucial role in continuance intentions. Technostress has negative effects on both perceived usefulness and teachers’ attitudes toward mobile technology. Participants in the study were from northern Palestine, which limited generalizing the findings on other technological tools. Longitudinal future studies are recommended to understand the impact of perceived usefulness and its relationship with technostress, which is important to deepening our understanding of continuance intentions in using mobile technology.
En el mes de diciembre del año 2019 se reportó en la ciudad de Wuhan (China) casos de neumonía atípica ocasionadas por un nuevo coronavirus denominado SARS-CoV-2, causante de la enfermedad COVID-19 (Mojica & Morales, 2020). Posteriormente, en el mes de marzo del año 2020 fue categorizada como pandemia debido al aumento exponencial de los casos en varios países (Buitrago et al., 2021), repercutiendo en el ámbito económico, social, financiero y cómo no, en la educación. En el Perú, como en otros países, la pandemia de COVID-19 ocasionó que el Gobierno declare el 15 de marzo del 2020 el estado de emergencia nacional y aislamiento social obligatorio como una medida excepcional para evitar que el virus se propague. En ese sentido, muchas actividades fueron suspendidas, entre ellas, las actividades académicas en las instituciones educativas básicas y superiores. Posteriormente, y ante la necesidad de no interrumpir el servicio educativo, la modalidad de enseñanza pasó de ser presencial o semipresencial a ser estrictamente virtual a partir del mes de abril (Estrada & Mamani, 2021). En el caso de la educación básica, las clases comenzaron el 6 de abril con la estrategia “Aprendo en Casa”, la cual buscó garantizar la continuidad del servicio educativo en el marco de la emergencia sanitaria. Para lograr dicho objetivo se puso a disposición algunos recursos como la televisión, la radio y una página web. En el caso de la educación superior, las clases comenzaron también a partir de abril, sin embargo, fue de manera progresiva, ya que muchas universidades e institutos las aulas virtuales no estaban operativas y en otros casos los actores educativos no estaban familiarizados con los recursos virtuales que tenían (Estrada et al., 2020a). En el mes de diciembre del año 2019 se reportó en la ciudad de Wuhan (China) casos de neumonía atípica ocasionadas por un nuevo coronavirus denominado SARS-CoV-2, causante de la enfermedad COVID-19 (Mojica & Morales, 2020). Posteriormente, en el mes de marzo del año 2020 fue categorizada como pandemia debido al aumento exponencial de los casos en varios países (Buitrago et al., 2021), repercutiendo en el ámbito económico, social, financiero y cómo no, en la educación. En el Perú, como en otros países, la pandemia de COVID-19 ocasionó que el Gobierno declare el 15 de marzo del 2020 el estado de emergencia nacional y aislamiento social obligatorio como una medida excepcional para evitar que el virus se propague. En ese sentido, muchas actividades fueron suspendidas, entre ellas, las actividades académicas en las instituciones educativas básicas y superiores. Posteriormente, y ante la necesidad de no interrumpir el servicio educativo, la modalidad de enseñanza pasó de ser presencial o semipresencial a ser estrictamente virtual a partir del mes de abril (Estrada & Mamani, 2021). En el caso de la educación básica, las clases comenzaron el 6 de abril con la estrategia “Aprendo en Casa”, la cual buscó garantizar la continuidad del servicio educativo en el marco de la emergencia sanitaria. Para lograr dicho objetivo se puso a disposición algunos recursos como la televisión, la radio y una página web. En el caso de la educación superior, las clases comenzaron también a partir de abril, sin embargo, fue de manera progresiva, ya que muchas universidades e institutos las aulas virtuales no estaban operativas y en otros casos los actores educativos no estaban familiarizados con los recursos virtuales que tenían (Estrada et al., 2020a).
Technostress—defined as stress that individuals experience due to their use of Information Systems—represents an emerging phenomenon of scholarly investigation. It examines how and why the use of IS causes individuals to experience various demands that they find stressful. This paper develops a framework for guiding future research in technostress experienced by individuals in organizations. We first review and critically analyse the state of current research on technostress reported in journals from the IS discipline and the non‐IS disciplines that study stress in organizations (eg, organizational behaviour and psychological stress). We then develop our framework in the form of the “technostress trifecta”—techno‐eustress, techno‐distress, and Information Systems design principles for technostress. The paper challenges 3 key ideas imbued in the existing technostress literature. First, it develops the argument that, in contrast to negative outcomes, technostress can lead to positive outcomes such as greater effectiveness and innovation at work. Second, it suggests that instead of limiting the role of IS to that of being a stress creator in the technostress phenomenon, it should be expanded to that of enhancing the positive and mitigating the negative effects of technostress through appropriate design. Third, it lays the groundwork for guiding future research in technostress through an interdisciplinary framing that enriches both the IS and the psychological stress literatures through a potential discourse of disciplinary exchange.
Widespread use of distance learning, which is equated with conventional education, is recognised as one of the priority tasks of Ukrainian education, which implements information communication and digital technologies. The relevance of the study increases dramatically due to the fact that in the context of the spread of coronavirus and the real risk of infection growing with it, almost all educational institutions are switching to distance learning mode. The key figure in solving this problem is the qualification of the teacher and their education, the level of which greatly influences the effectiveness of the entire process of distance and mixed learning. The purpose of the study was to investigate information technologies and digital tools that could be used in educational institutions in the context of distance and mixed learning. As a result of the study, the authors were able to analyse world practice of using technologies and information resources for distance and mixed forms of learning.
The coronavirus pandemic causes sickness and death, shutting down economies, damaging health care systems, and closing educational institutions. It has a profound effect on the education sectors, and most importantly, teachers’ lives have been affected. This sector has been facing an immense change from traditional in-person classroom education to virtual education to alleviate its impact. Hence, the present study is designed to examine the impact of teachers’ self-efficacy and system quality on teachers’ continuance commitment towards online teaching in the COVID-19. Also, teachers’ mental well-being has been added as a moderating variable. During a crisis like COVID, teachers are expected to show higher engagement through commitment. Both in Malaysia and Pakistan, the degree of loyalty in the teaching profession is a distinguishing characteristic. Hence, teachers of both countries are targeted for the comparative analysis. The results depict that the e-learning system quality and instructors’ self-efficacy are critical factors in making the teachers willing to continue their online practices. However, assurance and educational quality do not play a significant role in the context of Pakistan. However, in the Malaysian context, results differ and reveal that instructors’ responsiveness and information quality do not play a promising role.
Lay Description
What is already known about this topic
The spread of COVID‐19 forced schools to transfer didactic activities into virtual environments. However, distance education presented difficulties in its implementation among teachers.
Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and online teaching self‐efficacy played a crucial role in behavioural intention to use technology.
Little was know about the relationship between these factors in fostering technology for distance teaching.
What this paper adds
Based on the TAM model, our findings add a new way in which these variables can interact to promote the behavioural intention to use technology in teaching.
The greatest level of behavioural intention to use was found when perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and online teaching self‐efficacy presented high levels.
A moderation effect of online teaching self‐efficacy on the perceived usefulness of using technology was described for medium and high level perceived ease of use of technology.
High levels of self‐efficacy represented a key factor in promoting the use of distance teaching per se.
Implications for practice and/or policy
Interventions and training courses should be implemented to promote perceived usefulness, online teaching self‐efficacy and to provide teachers with easy and straightforward technologies .
These training courses may be particular crucial in encouraging teachers to manage distance education (or blended modality) if the spread of COVID‐19 may require a new period of lockdown and closure of schools.
Teacher training on these topics is more necessary in countries where that integration of technology into teaching is low, such as in Italy.
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly shifted education from traditional to an online version, which was an emergent state for teachers and students. The substantive situation thus raises the importance of technology integration in education, and teachers are required to update their competencies, respectively. In this regard, the study assessed online teaching competencies of faculty members following, technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) model. Closed-ended surveys were employed for quantitative analysis of randomly selected 256 faculty members from public universities in Karachi, Pakistan. Results indicated that teachers possessed adequate levels of knowledge across all the domains of TPACK. The highest competency was obtained by content knowledge (CK), while technological knowledge (TK) was reported at the lowest level. Furthermore, a significant difference was noted in terms of gender and teaching experience. Correspondingly, the study proposes that the TPACK model should be employed in the professional development programs to develop teachers’ TPACK for integrating information communication and technology in the pedagogical practices. The findings of the study present a constructive overview of teachers’ digital competencies and technology use in teaching and learning in the time of the COVID-19 and also play a significant role in the integration of technology in the post-pandemic time in higher education. The study also suggests relevant educational authorities and policymakers for assessing and enhancing the technological competencies of teachers for quality online education.
In higher education learning, e-learning systems have become renowned tools worldwide. The evident importance of e-learning in higher education has resulted in a prenominal increase in the number of e-learning systems delivering various forms of services, especially when traditional education (face-to-face) was suddenly forced to move online due to the COVID-19 outbreak. Accordingly, assessing e-learning systems is pivotal in the interest of effective use and successful implementation. By relying on the related literature review, an extensive model is developed by integrating the information system success model (ISSM) and the technology acceptance model (TAM) to illustrate key factors that influence the success of e-learning systems. Based on the proposed model, theory-based hypotheses are tested through structural equation modeling employing empirical data gathered through a survey questionnaire of 537 students from three private universities in Jordan. The findings demonstrate that quality factors, including instructor, technical system, support service, educational systems, and course content quality, have a direct positive influence on students’ satisfaction, perceived usefulness, and system use. Moreover, self-regulated learning negatively affects students’ satisfaction, perceived usefulness, and system use. Students’ satisfaction, perceived usefulness, and system use are key predictors of their academic performance. These findings provide e-learning stakeholders with important implications that guarantee the effective, successful use of e-learning that positively affects students’ learning.
ICT can address concerns about access and quality of higher education in developing countries like Ethiopia. The crucial role of ICT in education has become more evident than ever during the COVID 19 crisis. Despite its role in addressing educational quality and access issues, evidence about the educational use of ICT in developing countries is scarce. Many previous studies on determinants of educational ICT focus on higher education in developed countries, while it remains unclear whether existing models explain ICT use by instructors in developing countries. This study reports the findings of a qualitative study conducted in three public universities of Ethiopia in order to elaborate determinants of instructors’ educational use of ICT. First, it presents a conceptual framework of factors that explain instructors’ ICT use based on literature. Second, based on empirical evidence collected from instructors, it assesses their experiences and opinions in relation to the proposed framework components. In-depth data were collected through focus group discussions from twenty-one instructors. The data were analyzed thematically with ATLAS.ti software. The results confirmed that the institutional, individual and infrastructure-related determinants of the framework are perceived to be relevant in determining instructors’ ICT use. Moreover, the study revealed the necessity of extending the proposed framework through aspects of management support, course-related factors, students’ ICT competence and access to ICT infrastructure as new determinants of instructors’ educational ICT use. Implications for theory-building are discussed and follow-up research is proposed.
The article substantiates the need to develop and implement a distance course “Cloud technologies in the educational process in quarantine”. It is noted that the purpose of the course was to acquaint teachers of general secondary education institutions, college teachers, vocational and higher education institutions with the basic possibilities of using cloud technologies to ensure the educational process in distance learning. The list of topics with which the students get acquainted is given: basic concepts, models of cloud services, architecture and proposals from leading cloud services companies; cloud services in the work of the teacher, the peculiarities of working with mail; cloud storage as an alternative to replacing conventional drives; opportunities to create documents with the provision of sharing rights to multiple users; opportunities to create Internet surveys using cloud technologies; opportunities to create presentations using cloud technologies; cloud-based means of creating smart maps; means of creating sites; cloud-based learning management systems (for example, Google Classroom). The peculiarities of the proposed distance course and the difficulties that the students had in performing certain tasks are identified and described. The statistical results of the course are given.
Teacher self-efficacy has been abundantly studied. However, it seems that the consequences of teachers’ self-efficacy have not been appropriately explored yet. The research objective was to investigate the consequences of teachers’ teaching self-efficacy. The researchers used a qualitative research method. They collected the data through semi-structured interviews with 20 EFL teachers who were selected through purposive sampling. The interviews were content analyzed thematically. Findings showed that self-efficacy has different consequences: pedagogical, learner-related, and psychological. Each consequence has several sub-categories. It is concluded that high self-efficacy affects teachers’ teaching practices, learners’ motivation, and achievement. It also affects teachers’ burn-out status, psychological being, as well as their job satisfaction. The findings can be theoretically and pedagogically important to EFL teachers, teacher-trainers, and administrators of educational settings.
In-service teachers have various emotional and motivational experiences that can influence their continuance intention towards online-only instruction during the COVID-19 pandemic, as a significant stress factor for their workplace. Derived from the Self-Determination Theory (SDT), Job Demands–Resources Model (JD–R), and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the present research model includes technological pedagogical knowledge (TPK) self-efficacy (SE), intrinsic (IM) and extrinsic (EM) work motivation, and occupational stress (OS) (i.e., burnout and technostress which have been examined in tandem) as key dimensions to explain the better continuance intention among in-service teachers to use online-only instruction (CI). Data for the research model were collected from 980 in-service teachers during the COVID-19 outbreak between April and May 2020. Overall, the structural model explained 70% of the variance in teachers’ CI. Motivational practices were directly and indirectly linked through OS with CI. The findings showed that IM has the most directly significant effect on teachers’ CI, followed by TPK-SE, and OS as significant, but lower predictors. IM was positively associated with TPK-SE and negatively associated with EM. The results offered valuable insights into how motivation constructs were related to OS and to a better understanding online instruction in an unstable work context, in order to support teachers in coping during working remotely.
This article aims to provide a critical review of the scientific research on technostress. As such, global references in this field are identified and highlighted in order to manage pre-existing knowledge and establish future ‘bridges’ among researchers, and to enhance the presently dispersed understanding of this subject. A scientometric meta-analysis of publications on technostress was conducted to achieve this objective. Mainstream journals from the Web of Science (WoS) were used to identify current topics, relevant journals, prolific authors, institutions, and countries, ‘schools of thought’ and the thematic areas around which current technostress debate revolves. In this article a significant contribution comes from the use of the scientific activity itself, together with scientometric meta-analysis techniques and the application of this scientific activity, its impact and relational character, to discover relevant countries, research organizations and authors which can constitute a global reference to demarcate this knowledge frontier, and who lead the ‘critical mass’ of global technostress researchers. This study also distinguishes between the relevant themes studied, with co-keywords plus bibliographic coupling citation, and examines the kind of stress the most prolific authors have considered and, therefore, to discover those topics which should be studied further to deepen this research field, in search of a post-disciplinary knowledge that allows unity of focus in technology and psychology. View Full-Text
The whole educational system from elementary to tertiary level has been collapsed during the lockdown period of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) not only in India but across the globe. This study is a portrayal of online teaching-learning modes adopted by the Mizoram University for the teaching-learning process and subsequent semester examinations. It looks forward to an intellectually enriched opportunity for further future academic decision-making during any adversity. The intended purpose of this paper seeks to address the required essentialities of online teaching-learning in education amid the COVID-19 pandemic and how can existing resources of educational institutions effectively transform formal education into online education with the help of virtual classes and other pivotal online tools in this continually shifting educational landscape. The paper employs both quantitative and qualitative approach to study the perceptions of teachers and students on online teaching-learning modes and also highlighted the implementation process of online teaching-learning modes. The value of this paper is to draw a holistic picture of ongoing online teaching-learning activities during the lockdown period including establishing the linkage between change management process and online teaching-learning process in education system amid the COVID-19 outbreak so as to overcome the persisting academic disturbance and consequently ensure the resumption of educational activities and discourses as a normal course of procedure in the education system.
Background & Statement of the problem: The importance of educational technologies is that they allow students to increase their experiences, by diversifying these experiences. They also allow them to think, watch, and understand, and the difficulties facing the use of technologies must be overcome. Objectives: The study aimed to identify the degree of English language teachers’ use of educational means and techniques in teaching English in the Second Zarqa Education Directorate from their point of view, and to reveal the obstacles they face in using educational means and techniques. Methods: The researcher used the descriptive survey method, and the study sample consisted of (166) male and female teachers, the researcher used a questionnaire consisting of (23) items divided into two areas: (the use of educational means and techniques by English language teachers, the difficulties faced by English language teachers in the use educational means and techniques) as a study tool. Methods: The researcher used the descriptive survey method, and the study sample consisted of (166) male and female teachers, the researcher used a questionnaire consisting of (23) items divided into two areas: (the use of educational means and techniques by English language teachers, the difficulties faced by English language teachers in the use educational means and techniques) as a study tool. Conclusions (Recommendations and contributions): The researcher recommended the need to encourage English language teachers to use modern teaching techniques.
Background and problem of study: Considering digital revolution and technology development, digital citizenship became an important skill to students today. Digital citizenship refers to ability to use and employ technology responsibly in accordance with ethical controls, considering its effects on social, cultural and economic factors. Objectives: The research aims to determine digital citizenship skills, extent to which technology and school programming textbooks for grades (5-10) include those skills, and level of students’ acquisition. Methods: Descriptive approach used, where a content analysis card and questionnaire prepared to examine eleventh-grade students’ acquisition of digital citizenship for a sample of (399) male and female students from scientific and literary branch of Directorate of Education in Gaza. Results: Digital citizenship standards were identified, respect, knowledge, culture, and protection. The study concluded that the level of eleventh grade students’ acquisition of digital citizenship skills within technology and programming books (5-10) was acceptable with relative weight of (68.28%). Digital literacy dimension ranked first with weight of (42.49%). E-commerce dimension came last with a weight of (11.83%). Results revealed no statistically differences in acquisition of digital citizenship skills within technology and programming books for basic grades, which was attributed to variables of gender and academic branch. Conclusions (Recommendations and contributions): The study recommended the need to adopt a vision focusing on enriching textbooks at all educational levels with skills for using technology and programming to enhance digital citizenship skills among students before completing basic education, focusing on dimensions of e-commerce, digital health, safety, digital rights and responsibilities.
This study aims at measuring and analyzing the impact of the application of the digital economy on improving the quality of banking services for Islamic banks operating in Jordan. The study consisted of four Islamic banks operating in Jordan. Pending the implementation of the study in the field, the researcher developed a questionnaire that he used as an instrument to collect data from the researchers. The study was conducted on a sample of 200 employees, using the deductive and inductive method. The study concluded that the general level of digital economy application areas in Islamic banks operating in Jordan is at a high level, with an arithmetic mean (3.67), and the statistically significant effect at the level (0.05≥α) of the dimensions of applying the digital economy on the quality of banking services in Islamic banks operating in Jordan was demonstrated. The relationship between the application of the digital economy and the enhancement of the quality of banking services was moderate. The study recommends the establishment and development of a digital economy department and tracking the latest developments and evolution of the digital economy in banking to develop and improve banking services, as well as the development of vigilance programs to continuously and permanently monitor the systems and technologies of the digital economy to ensure the integrity, integrity, confidentiality and security of data flow.
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has led to several changes in academic teaching practices. Although educational digital technologies have been crucial during the initial phases of the pandemic, their forced adoption has led to negative consequences. In the present study, we aimed to integrate the Technology Acceptance Model theoretical framework (Davis, 1989) by exploring the effects of some possible factors that influence the willingness to adopt digital learning tools in the future when the pandemic is over. Among them, technostress was considered one of the external factors that could have adversely affected digital teaching technology adoption in the future. In contrast, the perception of technical support offered by the university was considered a potential protective factor. A total of 463 Italian university faculty completed an online questionnaire at the end of the first semester (a.y. 2020-21). The frequency of distance teaching technologies usage behavior was measured objectively by extracting teachers' activities from the University's e-learning databases. Key findings indicated that distance teaching technologies' frequency of use increased technostress, which in turn negatively impacted the perception of ease of use. The latter influences - both directly and indirectly through perceived usefulness - the intentions to adopt distance learning tools after the pandemic. Organizational support negatively predicted technostress. Implications to help public institutions develop functional strategies to cope with the technological changes brought by the pandemic are discussed.
This study aims to determine the effect of TPACK on teacher self efficacy, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and intention to use, as well as the influence TPACK (Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge) on Teacher Self Efficacy, Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, of the intention to use technology.
The acceptance of IoT technologies in education by pre-service teachers will affect their intention to use these technologies in the future. Previous research has addressed the effects of variables on the acceptance of IoT technologies in education to a limited degree.
Therefore, this study aims to propose and test a structural model that
determines educational IoT technology acceptance. This study, the
acceptance of IoT in the educational environment is modeled in the
context of individual innovativeness and information and
communication technologies (ICT) competencies. According to the
results of the research conducted with 471 pre-service teachers, 69%
intended to use IoT in education is explained in a technology
acceptance model (TAM) in which TAM variables, individual
innovativeness, and ICT competencies are combined.
Background: Although technologies (including information, e-learning, and communication) have been daily employed by University students in the last years, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a considerable increase in their use. Technostress is a modern term referring to levels of stress caused by the prolonged exposure to technology.
Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the technostress and related anxiety and depression among Paraguayan University students, describing their sociodemographic characteristics and relevant associations. Methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive study has been conducted. Participants were recruited through an Internetbased
survey. Technostress, anxiety, and depression have been assessed with the Technostress Questionnaire (TechQ), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaire, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2), respectively. Results: A total of 378 participants were included, 74.1% of whom were women. According to the TechQ scores, 47.4% of the participants reported a low/moderate level of technostress whereas 5.2% showed severe scores. About 58.5% of participants reported a GAD-7 score ⩾10, meeting diagnostic criteria for generalized anxiety. About 60.3% scored ⩾3 at the PHQ-2 reporting significant levels of depression. Technostress has been significantly associated with levels of anxiety (p < .001) as well as depression (p < .001). Conclusion: Our results suggest further research regarding the implications of technostress on the well-being of University students. Specific measures aimed to improve students’ coping with the challenges of technology and technostress should be promoted.
This study aims to examine students' experience of augmented reality learning applications (AR.LRP). Uses and gratifications theory was proposed as a theoretical foundation of the current study's conceptual model. Four dimensions of UGT benefits were proposed as key antecedences of the students' experience with AR.LRP: personal interactive benefits, social interactive benefits, affective benefits, and cognitive benefits. The model was also extended by considering the role of telepresence. Further, technostress was proposed on the current study to moderate the relationship between the aspects of UGT and e-learning experience. A sample size of 500 undergraduate students from the four largest Universities in Saudi Arabia was used in the current study survey. The statistical results largely support the significant impact of personal interactive benefits, affective benefits, and cognitive benefits, and telepresence on student experience with AR.LRP. Technostress was also found to significantly moderate the relationship between UGT dimensions and student experience with AR.LRP. Further, results support a significant relationship between student experience with AR.LRP and students' learning performance. This study has contributed to the perspectives of researchers and practitioners by highlighting the most important aspects and characteristics that ensure a distinctive and positive students' experience of the drum with applications with AR.LRP.
Widespread use of distance learning, which is equated with conventional education, is recognised as one of the priority tasks of Ukrainian education, which implements information communication and digital technologies. The relevance of the study increases dramatically due to the fact that in the context of the spread of coronavirus and the real risk of infection growing with it, almost all educational institutions are switching to distance learning mode. The key figure in solving this problem is the qualification of the teacher and their education, the level of which greatly influences the effectiveness of the entire process of distance and mixed learning. The purpose of the study was to investigate information technologies and digital tools that could be used in educational institutions in the context of distance and mixed learning. As a result of the study, the authors were able to analyse world practice of using technologies and information resources for distance and mixed forms of learning. Systematic use of educational technologies and digital tools and tools in the implementation of curricula for training students in distance and mixed learning, with such video communication systems as Google Hangouts Meet, Webex and Zoom for the organisation of lectures and Google Classroom for practical classes, allow organising the educational process in accordance with modern requirements of teaching in higher education institutions both remotely and in a mixed form in accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine and its recommendations. Linguistics and Culture Review
The current study examined factors affecting higher education students’ use of a mobile-based Learning Management System (m-LMS) for distance education during the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19). A survey instrument based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was established and validated. The primary data were gathered from 1032 responses. The data were computed in SmartPLS 3.2. Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) procedures were conducted to assess the measurement and structural models. The proposed model is valid and reliable. Findings of the study show that relationships emerge in seven out of ten hypotheses. The strongest relationship is between Perceived Usefulness and Attitude while the weakest exists between Perceived Ease of Use and Attitude. This study emphasizes awareness about the use of m-LMS in education, especially during distance education due to pandemics like Covid-19. The model is expected to provide a useful base for future academicians interested in conducting similar topics of research.
The main purpose of this study was to examine the critical factors influencing university teachers’ use of a mobile technology-enhanced teaching (MTT) platform during the new coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic. An integrated model with multiple factors drawing from the theoretical models and learning theories was proposed in this study to examine university teachers’ intentions to use an MTT platform. The multiple factors included the individual factor (e.g., growth mindset, help seeking, and self-efficacy), the social factor (e.g., social norms), and the technological acceptance factor (e.g., perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use). The survey method was used to collect data on university teachers’ perceptions of the MTT platform use, and a two-step structural equation modeling approach was used for the data analysis. Based on the path analysis of a total of 214 valid responses, the results identified that growth mindset, help seeking, and self-efficacy from the individual factor, as well as perceived usefulness from the technology acceptance factor were the significant determinants of university teachers’ intentions to adopt the MTT. The contributions of this study are twofold. First, the proposed model was derived from multiple literature sources, providing a sound theoretical foundation to understand MTT platform use from an academic angle. Second, university teachers’ viewpoints are a unique observation of their actual platform use, providing practical insights into the improvement and maintenance of MTT-related platforms for all educators. The findings are especially valuable during the post-COVID-19 era.
Recent research in leading business journals has varied widely in how statistical outliers are identified and handled; many techniques were reported. But most articles with empirical data have not mentioned outliers; many others simply referred to their removal without details. This wide variety of methods and frequent non-disclosure of methods cannot represent the best practice. Proper outlier identification and handling are important issues for any research community that performs quantitative research based on empirical data. We document this diversity of methods by examining articles published in the UTD-24 business journals during a 12-year period, and we explain why almost all methods described in these articles are ill-advised. To achieve an effective assessment of outliers, we propose a process of outlier identification based on testing hypotheses using a controlled significance level. The implementation of our suggested method is feasible using commonly available statistical analysis software.
The present research is an endeavor to examine whether EFL teachers’ school climate, TPACK, and attitude interact with teachers’ success in technology integration throughout their teaching process in EFL classes. To this end, data were collected from 209 Iranian EFL teachers. The results from conducting a series of Pearson correlations indicated a significant association between teachers’ TPACK and attitude and their technology use. Moreover, a significant relationship was found between school climate and teachers’ attitudes. Considering direct and indirect relations, structural equation modeling was employed so as to examine the relationship among the variables (i.e., school climate, TPACK, attitude, and technology integration). The results of this phase indicated that TPACK and attitude significantly predict technology integration. Considering the indirect path coefficients, it was confirmed that school climate predicts technology integration mediated by teachers’ attitude. The findings are discussed in light of the available literature and suggestions are provided for further research.