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Description of Bithynia gonensis sp. nov. (Gastropoda: Bithyniidae) from Gönen Çayi, north-western Türkiye
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The Konya Closed Basin (KCB) in Türkiye plays a key role in agricultural production and freshwater supply. However, the basin is impacted by humanly derived nitrogenous compounds and toxic metals. Keeping the water quality at a potable level in the basin is compulsory. This study was part of a project yielding monitoring of water quality in KCB in accordance with the Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC). Eleven stations, except Beyşehir Lake and Mamasın Dam, were sampled for the first time for freshwater molluscs. Community structure indexes and multivariate statistical analyses were applied to determine the microhabitats of gastropods and their responses to environmental changes. The structure and distribution of gastropod assemblages differed depending on total phosphate, total nitrogen, dissolved oxygen, and pH. This study revealed that most of the gastropods in KCB are relatively tolerant to biodegradable pollution. However, there is a strong observed decline in population size requiring intensive future monitoring; measures have to be taken to preserve the remaining populations. Two endemic species need an urgent action plan to protect their habitats: Theodoxus anatolicus of Çeltik Canal and Bithynia pseudemmericia of Beyşehir Lake; a re-assessment of their extinction risk according to the IUCN rules is needed (2022). The results of this study will be useful for comparison with future studies to document potential improvements or continued ecological regression in the quality of aquatic ecosystems in the watershed.
The recently described freshwater gastropod Pseudobithynia ambrakis Glöer, Falniowski & Pešić 2010 is reported from the R. North Macedonia for the first time. The species was previously known only from Lake Amvrakia in Greece, but it turned out to be present in Dojran Lake as well, only misidentified and recognized under different name, Bithynia leachii (Sheppard, 1823). In the following paper we present information about the species' habitat and distribution. Photographs of the shell and male genitalia are also provided.
Bu çalışmada, 2 altsınıf, 8 familya ve 11 cinse ait 11 Gastropod türü (Theodoxus anatolicus, Bithynia pseudommericia, Graecoanatolica dinarica, Valvata piscinalis, Stagnicola palustris, Radix labiata, Planorbis planorbis, Planorbarius corneus, Bathyomphalus contortus, Acroloxus lacustris, Physella acuta) , Batı Anadolu’nun önemli bir su kaynağı olan İncirlipınar kaynağından tespit edilmiştir.
Considering the studies related to the freshwater molluscs in Turkey, it can be seen that the first checklist was done in freshwater and brackish water in 1999 and 72 taxa were determined. One of the checklists published in 2006 included just the freshwater pulmonate species and in this checklist 28 taxa were reported. Another checklist on prosobranchia was also released in the same year and 80 taxa were identified. Any studies on this subject have not been done since 2006. In this paper all studies related to freshwater were recorded, and the existence of 204 taxa (164 species belonging to Gastropoda and 40 species belonging to Bivalvia) were given. A checklist about the Bivalvia in Turkey was also presented for the first time in this paper.
In a survey of the mollusc fauna of the Ceyhan River Basin, including rivers, natural lakes, dam lakes and springs between June 2008 and September 2014, a total of 20 species of Gastropoda and 8 species of Bivalvia were identified. Two of these species are new to science, and for one of them a new genus is erected: the hydrobiid Hemite ceyhanensis gen. n., sp. n., and the bithyniid Pseudobithynia cocussusica sp. n.
http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DE5FFC19-13CD-4B81-B74E-80059E781518
A new Bithyniidae species Pseudobithynia guldeni sp.n. is described from the Mediter-ranean region of Turkey based on shell and male genitalia morphology. An identification key for the species of Pseudobithynia of Turkey is given.
http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:FA659D77-5B02-4C2F-9A6D-D61E676778E1
New species of Bithyniidae (Pseudobithynia adiyamanensis sp. nov.), Hydrobiidae (Pseudorientalia ceriti sp. nov.), and Bythinellidae (Bythinella yerlii sp. nov.) are described from three different locations in Turkey. Samples were collected in 2013 and 2016 and the shell and male genital tract morphology of the new species were studied. All of these new taxa were compared to congeners that live in Turkey and adjacent countries.
To identify the mollusk fauna of Lake Sapanca (Turkey), samples were collected monthly from 5 stations between September 2000 and August 2001. The mollusk fauna of the lake consists of a total of 16 species, 12 of which belong to Gastropoda: Theodoxus fluviatilis, Viviparus acerosus costae, Esperiana accicularis situssineri, Esperiana esperi, Bithynia tentaculata, Lithoglyphus naticoides, Borysthenia naticina, Galba truncatula, Radix labiata, Lymnaee stagnalis, Planorbis planorbis, and Oxyloma elegans, and 4 to Bivalvia: Unio pictorum, Dreissena polymorpha, Anadonta cygnea, and Sphaerium lacustre. Furthermore, temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, and depth of each sample were measured at the sampling sites.
Lake Egirdir is an "A class wetland" according to international criteria and in terms of the protection of biological diversity. The lake connects to Lake Kovada via a regulator and channel system. Lake Kovada is one of the important Nature Conservation Areas in Turkey. In this study, the possibility of using Mollusca for assessment of water quality in lakes Egirdir and Kovada, study-area water quality according to physico-chemical parameters, variety and distribution of Mollusca, and ecological aspects were investigated from July 2010 to June 2011. Mollusk fauna in the working field was represented by 11 taxa of Gastropoda and 2 taxa of Bivalvia. Radix auricularia at El station; Theodoxus heldreichi heldreichi, Falsipyrgula pfeiferi, Radix labiata, Planorbis planorbis and Hippeutis complanatus at E2 station; Gyraulus albus at K1 station; Physella acuta at K2 station; Bithynia pseudemmericia and Graecoanatolica lacustristurca at E3 station; Borysthenia naticina at C3 station and Pisidium casertanum at C2 station reached to the highest dominance. Water quality was determined using by physicochemical parameters. Three different classes of water quality were determined. Based on the assessments, the stations on Lake Egirdir (E1, E2, E3) were unpolluted, those on Kovada channel (C1, C2, C3) moderately polluted, while those on Lake Kovada (K1, K2, K3) slightly polluted. The relationships between the total number of individuals and environmental measurements were determined by Pearson correlation index. The results of analysis suggest a significant correlation between the total number of individuals and some environmental measurements such as dissolved oxygen, pH, total hardness, anions and cations. Additionally, Hippeutis complanatus was firstly recorded from the Lake Egirdir.
New records of freshwater snails from Turkey are presented. Two species new for science Bithynia yildirimi and Gyraulus nedyalkovi are described. In addition the junior author collected Gyraulus argaeicus from its type locality, so the anatomy of this species is provided for the first time. Furthermore, nezu record of Anisus leucostoma, confirmed by the study on its anatomy, is given.
Newly studied material of A. Falniowski's collection of Bithyniidae from Greece and samples collected by V. Pešić revealed three new species: Pseudobithynia ambrakis n. sp., P. euboeensis n. sp., and P. zogari n. sp., and in addition we could redescribe Bithynia hellenica Kobelt 1892. In total, 16 taxa of the Bithyniidae are now known from Greece, and the species here described gave us new insight as to their distribution pattern.
During malacological investigations in Turkey we found a new Bithynia-species, B. pesicii n. sp. in Asia-minor, in former times mentioned as Bithynia leachii. A description of the morphology of species' shell and the penis are given in this paper. In addition, we present the morphology of the penis of Bithynia pseudemmericia Schütt, 1964 and Pseudobithynia pentheri (Sturany, 1904), never depicted before. Kurzfassung. Einige Nachweise der Bithyniidae aus der Türkei mit der Beschreibung von Bithynia pesicii n. sp. (Gastropoda: Bithyniidae). - Bei malakologischen Untersuchungen in der Türkei fanden wir eine neue Bithynia-Art in Kleinasien, die man früher als B. leachii bezeichnet hat. In dieser Arbeit werden die Gehäuse- und Penismorphologie dieser Art beschrieben. Daneben bilden wir die Penismorphologie von Bithynia pseudemmericia Schütt, 1964 und Pseudobithynia pentheri (Sturany, 1904) ab, die zuvor noch nie dargestellt wurde..
Using published records and original data from recent field work and revision of Iranian material of certain species deposited in the collections of the Natural History Museum Basel, the Zoological Museum Berlin, and Natural History Museum Vienna, a checklist of the freshwater gastropod fauna of Iran was compiled. This checklist contains 73 species from 34 genera and 14 families of freshwater snails; 27 of these species (37%) are endemic to Iran. Two new genera, Kaskakia and Sarkhia, and eight species, i.e., Bithynia forcarti, Bithynia starmuehlneri, Bithynia mazandaranensis, Pseudamnicola georgievi, Kaskakia khorrasanensis, Sarkhia sarabensis, Valvata nowsharensis and Acroloxus pseudolacustris are described as new to science; Ecrobia grimmi (Clessin & Dybowski, 1888), Heleobia dalmatica (Radoman, 1974) and Hippeutis complanatus (Linnaeus, 1758) are reported for the first time from Iran. Additional field work is highly desirable for a more appropriate evaluation of the extant freshwater snail biodiversity in Iran.
The Balkan Peninsula is a vital part of Europe’s biodiversity in respect to freshwater gastropods and many of recorded taxa are stenobionts of narrow distribution. This chapter presents review of the freshwater gastropod fauna distribution in springs, small mountain streams (first order streams), and groundwaters of the Western Balkan and points to the main threats that influence the decline of diversity of this important group of aquatic organisms. Due to the complexity of the topic, small standing waters have not been considered here. The most significant threats to the diversity of freshwater gastropods in small streams are habitat degradation (physical destruction of habitats due to mini hydropower plants construction, hydro-technical works related to flood protection, faulty forest management excavation of material), and water abstraction. Knowledge of a considerable number of Balkan gastropod species, underlines the importance for the long-term conservation of biodiversity in this part of Europe.
Bithynia kayrae n. sp. is described from a limnocrene area and small streams (Kirkgözler Kaynaǧi, Kocabaş Çayi, and Dümrek Çayi) on the Biga Peninsula, northwestern Turkey (Asia Minor). Although this family has been intensively studied, predominantly in the Balkan region, and although several species of bithyniids have been reported from Turkey, species distributions and diversity remain incompletely known. © E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung (Nägele u. Obermiller) and Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, 2017.
Researches concerning freshwater gastropoda in Turkey have increased significantly in recent years. Among
Prosobranchia, Bithyniidae, are in an interesting position due to limited knowledge available about species diversity,
distribution and ecology. Although most of species belong to Bithyniidae known from Balkans and Greece, only few species
of Bithyniids have been known from Turkey so far, including Bithynia tentaculata, B. leachii, B. pseudemmericia, B.
phialensis, B. badiella, B. pesicii, B. yildirimi and Pseudobithynia pentheri, P. yildirimi. In this study conducted on Lake
Uluabat, a limnobenthos survey was carried out from 12 different sampling sites across the lake. This study aim to describe a new Bithynia from the eutrophic Lake Uluabat located in South Marmara Region of Turkey and provide data about the ecology of the new species that living in a restricted location in the lake.
An early Quaternary non-marine molluscan fauna is reported from Macedonia (Greece). The deposits contained shells of 20 freshwater and three terrestrial species. The absolute age of the material is known. Notes are given concerning: Greek Bithynia spec., Planorbarius corneus forma grandis, and Cepaea vindobonensis.
Ancient lakes have long been recognized as evolutionary theatres and hot spots of endemism; the evolution of their morphologically often highly diverse species flocks has received much attention. However, as each ancient lake has its own geological and evolutionary history, modes of speciation may differ from system to system. Ancient lakes can act as evolutionary reservoirs that assure the survival of relict species, but at the same time extant species may evolve through intralacustrine speciation. Other aspects of interest are the actual rates of immigration, diversification or extinction as well as the temporal framework of morphological change. Many of these questions have been addressed in the African (e.g. Lake Tanganyika) and Asian (e.g. Lake Baikal) ancient lakes. For an European ancient lakes (e.g. Lakes Ohrid and Prespa), such studies are largely missing. In the present paper, extraordinarily shaped endemic freshwater limpets of the genus Ancylus from the Balkan Lake Ohrid are used in a phylogeographic and phylogenetic context to test whether they represent an ancient lake species flock, to study the mode of speciation, and to assess the timing of morphological change. Based on DNA data from two mitochondrial genes (COI, LSU rDNA), it has been found that the Lake Ohrid Ancylus species form an endemic monophyletic group. In addition, the lake's feeder springs are inhabited by another, undescribed Ancylus species. All other studied waterbodies within the watershed do not support their own Ancylus lineages but are inhabited by a widespread Mediterranean taxon. The split between the species endemic to the lake and its sister taxon is dated to 1.4±0.6 million years ago. The study presents the first genetic confirmation for the existence of a species flock in a European ancient lake. Contrary to the prevailing opinion it shows that, concerning Ancylus, Lake Ohrid represents a site of intralacustrine speciation rather than an evolutionary reservoir. Moreover, it provides the first evidence for rapid morphological change in an European ancient lake species flock. See also Electronic Supplement at: http://www.senckenberg.de/odes/06-12.htm.
Distribution pattern of the aquatic fauna of the Balkan Peninsula
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of the Balkan Peninsula. Pp. 203-217 in: Balkan biodiversity: pattern and process in the European hotspot. Dordrecht:
Springer Netherlands.
The freshwater gastropods of the West-Palaearctis. Volume I. Fresh-and brackish waters except spring and subterranean snails
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Glöer, P. (2019) The freshwater gastropods of the West-Palaearctis. Volume I. Fresh-and brackish waters except spring and
subterranean snails. Hetlingen: Biodiversity Research Lab.
Three new species of the family Bithyniidae from Greece (Gastropoda: Bithyniidae)
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Glöer, P., Shoreva, I. & Slavevska-Stamenković, V. (2015)
Bithynia shapkarevi n. sp., a new species from Prespa Lake,
R. Macedonia (Gastropoda: Bithyniidae). Ecologica Montenegrina 2: 143-146.
The gastropods of Lake Eğirdir
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Journal of Zoology 28: 97-102.