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TEKİRLER BARAJ GÖLÜ (NALLIHAN – ANKARA)‘NÜN SU KALİTESİ PARAMETRELERİ ÜZERİNE ARAŞTIRMA
Abstract
Bu çalışma; Şubat 2016 – Ocak 2017 tarihleri arasında Gelence Deresi üzerine kurulmuş olan Tekirler Barajı (Nallıhan – Ankara)‘nda belirlenen üç (3) istasyonda aylık örnekleme gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tekirler Baraj Gölü çevresindeki tarım arazilerinin sulama suyu ihtiyacını karşılamak üzere 2001 yılında inşa edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın temel amaçları; Tekirler Baraj Gölünde ölçülen fizikokimyasal parametreler ile ağır metal içeriğinin aylık ve mevsimsel değişimlerini gözlemek, barajın su kalitesi özeliklerini ve sucul yaşam açısından uygunluk seviyesini belirlemek, ayrıca Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO) ve Türkiye Yüzeysel Su Kalitesi Yönetimi Yönetmeliği (YSKYY) tarafından belirlenen standartlara göre değerlendirmektir. Toplam dokuz tane fizikokimyasal parametre ile 7 ağır metal parametresi incelenmiştir. Tekirler Baraj Göleti’nin su kalitesi Yüzeysel Su Kalitesi Yönetimi Yönetmeliği (YSKYY)’nin su kaynakları sınıflarına göre I –III sınıf olarak bulunmuştur. Fiziksel ve kimyasal analiz bulguları karşılaştırıldığında bu baraj gölünün oligotrofik karakterde olduğu görülmüştür. Bu sonuçlar ışığında; Tekirler Baraj Gölü’nün su kalitesinin sucul organizmaların yaşaması için uygun olduğu belirlenmiş, bu su kaynağının kirlilik baskısı altında olduğu ve baraj gölünün suyunun daha da kirlenmemesi ve mevcut su kalitesinin korunması açısından düzenli olarak izlenmesi ve gerekli tedbirlerin alınması için yetkili organlara bilgi verilmesi sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Akgöl Göleti; Sinop’un Ayancık ilçesinin güneyinde, Ayancık-Kastamonu yolunun 31. kilometresinde ayrılan yoldan 5 kilometre içeride (41°41’59.1″N 34°35’43.5″E) bulunmaktadır. Akgöl; deniz seviyesinden 1200 metre yükseklikte olup, etrafını çevreleyen köknar ormanları içerisinden akan iki çayın birleşmesiyle oluşturulan yapay bir gölettir. Akgöl, 1991 yılında Bakanlar Kurulu Kararı ve Akgöl Yaylası adı ile turizm merkezi olarak ilan edilmiştir. Gölün çapı, ortalama 3 dönümlük bir alanı kaplamaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında, Akgöl Göleti’nin ve çevresindeki su kaynaklarının su kalitesi ve kirliliğinin ile canlılar üzerindeki olası etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yerinde analizlerle suyun sıcaklığı, iletkenliği, çözünmüş oksijen miktarı, pH ve tuzluluk miktarı doğrudan gölet üzerinde ölçülmüş, ağır metal içeriği ise belirlenen istasyonlardan alınan su örneklerinden ICP-OES cihazında analizlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, Akgöl Göletinin su kalitesinin Yüzeysel Su Kalitesi Yönetmeliği (YSKY) standartlarına göre I. Sınıf olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu bağlı olarak göletin canlılar için risk oluşturmadığı ve balık yetiştiriciliğine uygun olduğu söylenebilir.
In this study, the water quality and trophic status of Damsa reservoir were evaluated using spatial and multivariate statistical analysis. When the thematic spatial distribution maps created for each parameter were analysed, it was determined that the water quality of Damsa Dam was class I water (very good) in terms of temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen and class III water (moderate) in terms of total N concentration. In the study, the changes on eutrophic status were analysed by global index categorisations and it was determined that Carlson trophic status index was CTSI=66.6, Burns trophic level index was BTLI=6.2 and Shu trophic status index was STSI=64.7. The results showed that Damsa Reservoir can reach the limits of ‘eutrophic’ according to CTSI classification scale, ‘eutrophic’ according to STSI classification scale and ‘hypereutrophic’ according to TLI classification scale. For this reason, the water quality of Damsa reservoir should be monitored continuously in certain periods and necessary interventions should be made in case of pollution.
The water quality index (WQI) is a widely used tool for comprehensive assessment of river environments. However, its calculation involves numerous water quality parameters, making sample collection and laboratory analysis time-consuming and costly. This study aimed to identify key water parameters and the most reliable prediction models that could provide maximum accuracy using minimal indicators. Water quality from 2020 to 2023 were collected including nine biophysical and chemical indicators in seventeen rivers in Yancheng and Nantong, two coastal cities in Jiangsu Province, China, adjacent to the Yellow Sea. Linear regression and seven machine learning models (Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Self-Organizing Maps (SOM), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) and Stochastic Gradient Boosting (SGB)) were developed to predict WQI using different groups of input variables based on correlation analysis. The results indicated that water quality improved from 2020 to 2022 but deteriorated in 2023, with inland stations exhibiting better conditions than coastal ones, particularly in terms of turbidity and nutrients. The water environment was comparatively better in Nantong than in Yancheng, with mean WQI values of approximately 55.3-72.0 and 56.4-67.3, respectively. The classifications "Good" and "Medium" accounted for 80% of the records, with no instances of "Excellent" and 2% classified as "Bad". The performance of all prediction models, except for SOM, improved with the addition of input variables, achieving R2 values higher than 0.99 in models such as SVM, RF, XGB, and SGB. The most reliable models were RF and XGB with key parameters of total phosphorus (TP), ammonia nitrogen (AN), and dissolved oxygen (DO) (R2 = 0.98 and 0.91 for training and testing phase) for predicting WQI values, and RF using TP and AN (accuracy higher than 85%) for WQI grades. The prediction accuracy for "Medium" and "Low" water quality grades was highest at 90%, followed by the "Good" level at 70%. The model results could contribute to efficient water quality evaluation by identifying key water parameters and facilitating effective water quality management in river basins.
Monitoring and protecting freshwater habitats are paramount for a sustainable water management perspective. This study investigated potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the potamic water of the Anday Stream Basin (Türkiye), Black Sea Region, for a hydrological year (from May 2020 to April 2021). Among PTEs, the highest average values were recorded for sodium (Na) at 41.3 mg/L and the lowest for mercury (Hg) at 0.009 μg/L and noted under quality guidelines. The stream was found to be at the level of “Low Heavy Metal Pollution” and “Low Contamination” based on the ecotoxicological risk indices. The highest calculated hazard quotient (HQ) value of 1.21E-02 for Cd was noted in the children via the dermal pathway and the lowest of 6.91E-06 for Fe in adults via the ingestion pathway. Results revealed a higher hazard index (HI) value of 1.50E-02 for Cd to children and the lowest of 1.98E-05 for Fe to adults. As a result of applying agricultural risk indices, the stream showed sodium adsorption ratio values less than 6 and was found to be “Excellent” for agriculture. However, the sodium percentage values were less than 20 and found “Permissible” and the magnesium hazard > 50 and noted as “Unsuitable” for agriculture. Statistical analysis revealed that natural factors mainly attributed to PTE contamination of the Anday Stream Basin.
The present study aims to comparatively examine the physical quality parameters of water samples taken from Karabel, Çaltı, and Tohma brooks in Sivas province and the blood biochemical parameters of blood samples of Barbus plebejus fish obtained from these waters. In periods when chemical pollution in water increased and decreased, it was determined that GLU and UA among blood biochemical parameters were significantly affected. Moreover, the potential risk levels of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), and ferrous (Fe) for human health were compared to the international standards. Metal (Fe, Pb, Cu, and Cd) concentrations in the water were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The highest HQingestion values of Cd were found in Brook Çaltı, which were 0.0018 for adults and 0.1980 for children. THQ upper limit set by the United States Environment Protection Agency (USEPA) is < 1. It was determined that HQingestion, HQdermal, and THQ values of all the heavy metals were much lower than this limit. It was concluded that water quality parameters of samples taken from Karabel, Çaltı, and Tohma brooks on monthly basis for 12 months were not higher than the limits and the water qualities of brooks were determined to be “good”.
Recognition of sustainability issues around water resource consumption is gaining tractionunder global warming and land utilization complexities. These concerns increase the challenge ofgaining an appropriate comprehension of the anthropogenic activities and natural processes, as wellas how they influence the quality of surface water and groundwater systems. The characteristicsof water resources cause difficulties in the comprehensive assessment regarding the source types,pathways, and pollutants behaviors. As the behavior and prediction of widely known contami-nants in the water resources remain challenging, some new issues have developed regarding heavymetal pollutants. The main aim of this review is to focus on certain essential pollutants’ dischargefrom anthropogenic activities categorized based on land-use sectors such as industrial applications(solid/liquid wastes, chemical compounds, mining activities, spills, and leaks), urban development(municipal wastes, land use practices, and others), and agricultural practices (pesticides and fertiliz-ers). Further, important pollutants released from natural processes classified based on climate change,natural disasters, geological factors, soil/matrix, and hyporheic exchange in the aquatic environment,are also discussed. Moreover, this study addresses the major inorganic substances (nitrogen, fluoride,and heavy metals concentrations). This study also emphasizes the necessity of transdisciplinaryresearch and cross-border communication to achieve sustainable water quality using sound science,adaptable legislation, and management systems.
The objective of this study was to determine the ecological risk created by metal contents of the surface sediments of Atikhisar dam, Çanakkale, NW Turkey. Enrichment factor (EF) and geoaccumulation index (Igeo) were calculated to determine anthropogenic effects. Ecological risk was assessed using the modified potential ecological risk index (mPER), with its levels being evaluated using the modified ecological risk index (mER). Toxic effects were determined using the toxic risk index (TRI). The ecological risk indices were mapped to provide their spatial distributions. Our findings indicate that enrichment was very high for Hg and significant for Pb, Tl, Cd, and As. The following mER pattern was detected: Hg > Cd > TI > As > Pb > Ni > Cr > Co > Zn > Mn > V. Hg and Cd exhibited extremely high and very high ecological risks, respectively, while TI and As had a significant ecological risk, with Pb exerting a medium ecological risk. Hg, Pb, Tl, Cd, As, Cr, Ni, Zn, and Cu were enriched via anthropogenic effects exceeding their natural concentration levels. Due to their high toxic effects, Hg, Cd, Tl, As, and Pb were identified as the very high risk elements. Mining, household wastes, agriculture, and natural mineral deposits were identified as the possible sources of the potential ecological risk.
In the present study, the water quality was determined through cytogenotoxic endpoints by Allium cepa L. assay. Water samples were collected from nine sites selected according to the pollution level and large water discharge points into the Karaçomak River, Turkey. All of the tested water samples had a significant mitodepressive effect on the root tip cells of A. cepa L. They induced a significant increase in chromosomal aberrations like stickiness, anaphase bridges, laggards, and nuclear anomalies, i.e. binucleate cells, giant cells in vitro. It is suggested that the findings of the present study are very important to mitigate the environmental impacts caused by industrial operations on human and ecological health.
The natural quality of groundwater is controlled by aquifer hydrology, geochemistry, and the geology. The principal objective of the study was to estimate and characterize the water quality parameters of groundwater using World Health Organisation (WHO) for drinking purpose. In view of objectives of the study, groundwater quality assessment was carried out in selected 67 water wells in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. The analyzed parameters are electrical conductivity, pH, oxidation potential (Eh), acidity, total alkalinity, total hardness, temperature, total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, calcium (Ca 2+), magnesium (Mg 2+), Sodium (Na +), potassium (K +), chloride (Cl-), bi-carbonate (HCO 3-), sulphate (SO 4 2-), and nitrate (NO 3-). The temperature of the groundwater varies from 25.9-30.8°C with a mean of 27.9°C. All the water samples are colourless, odourless, and tasteless, with clear appearance. The recorded pH varies from 5.2-7.0 and characterized by an acidic condition. The EC of water samples is in the range of 53-874 / (avg. of 189.8 /). The water type is a recharged water, with value of TDS ranging from 40mg/l to 424 mg/l, and an average of 96.7 mg/l, indicative of fresh water. The cations and anions satisfy the WHO standard for drinking purpose with about 95% compliance. The sequence of the abundance of the major ions is in the following order: HCO 3-> Cl-> SO 4 2-> NO 3-for anions, and Ca 2+ > K + > Na + > Mg 2+ for cations .The calculated values of WQI vary from 22% to 60%. The study area is widely (90% areal coverage) characterized by "Good water" in the range of 26-50%, with hardness varying from soft to very hard water. The "Excellent water" is only associated with Sample S-34 in the northwestern part of the study area, while "Bad water" fall (S-21, S-28, S-57, and S-65) within a small portion of biotite granite and migmatite geologic units.
This study of Zerveli stream, Kastamonu, aims to present an assessment of its water quality and to determine the basic factors having a significant effect on the water to identify how these factors account for variations in water quality. Samples of surface water were obtained on a monthly basis between December 2016 and November 2017 at 11 stations along the watercourse. According to these samples, 28 different water quality parameters determining the water quality were evaluated. The results were assessed with respect to the environmental water quality and irrigation water quality. For this purpose, the water quality index (WQI), sodium absorption rate (SAR), sodium percentage (%Na), and residual sodium carbonate (RSC) parameters were calculated. WQI values within the year ranged between 17.26 (excellent) and 223.05 (very poor). Based on the monthly mean values, the water quality was found to be good in December, February, July, and August and poor in the remaining months. Water quality tended to deteriorate the greater the distance from the water source. According to factor analysis (FA), salinity, pH, temperature (T), electrical conductivity (EC), suspended solid matter (SSM), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), SO4²⁻, SO3²⁻, NO2⁻-N, NO⁻3-N, NH⁺4-N, and Cl are the main variables responsible for changes in the ecosystem. According to analysis of the irrigation water quality, the stream was found to be suitable for irrigation in terms of SAR (1.07–3.25) and %Na (37.58–61.89) but problematic in terms of RSC (3.80–5.58) values.
Determination of Water Quality Parameters and Heavy Metal Content in Surface Water of Çiğdem Pond (Kastamonu/Turkey)
The main aims of this study were to observe the seasonal variations of physicochemical parameters and heavy metal content, to determine the water quality properties and the suitability level in terms of aquatic life, and also to classify the quality of water in accordance with the Surface Water Quality Management Regulation (SWQMR) criteria at Çiğdem Pond (Kastamonu/Turkey). In total, 21 physicochemical parameters and 7 heavy metals were investigated for water quality assessment of the studied pond between July 2015 and June 2016 in 3 stations. The water quality in Çiğdem Pond was found to be Class I according to SWQMR. The results of this study provide a data baseline for future studies on subsequent evaluations of possible future environmental contamination. Also, to protect the water quality and to ensure the health of aquatic life in this area, it is required to make regular observations.
Ever increasing population, urbanization and modernization are posing problems of sewage disposal and contamination of surface waters like lakes. Natural water gets contaminated due to weathering of rocks, leaching of soils and mining processing, etc. Various types of problems in lake which cause nutrient enrichment in lake have been reviewed. Land use change and longer growing seasons could increase the use of fertilizers with subsequent leaching to watercourses, rivers and lakes, increasing the risk of eutrophication and loss of biodiversity. Water quality can be assessed by various parameters such as BOD, temperature, electrical conductivity, nitrate, phosphorus, potassium, dissolved oxygen, etc. Heavy metals such as Pb, Cr, Fe, Hg, etc. are of special concern because they produce water or chronic poisoning in aquatic animals. Harmful algal blooms are becoming increasingly common in freshwater ecosystems globally. Pollution by plastic debris is an increasing environmental concern in water bodies, where it affects open-water, shoreline and benthic environments. Surface water densities of plastics are as high as those reported for areas of litter accumulation within oceanic gyres. Different methods have been used to analyse the water quality of lake such as Hyperion, water quality index and hazard quotient. It is recommended that pollution prevention and water re-use should be adopted in combination with the recycling of nutrients in controlled urban agriculture.
Concentrations of some heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Hg, Cu and Cr) were determined in water, sediment and tissues of tilapia fish collected from Wadi Hanifah during summer 2010. The concentrations of the heavy metal in water were within the international permissible level. Cu had the highest accumulating level in fish whilst Hg had the lowest. The transfer factors of all metals in fish from water were greater than those from sediments. This led to the conclusion that fish bioaccumulation with these metals was from water. Heavy metals under study in the edible parts of tilapia were within the safety permissible level for human use.
Metal pollution is a global problem which represents a growing threat to the environment. Because of bioaccumulation and negative
effects of heavy metals, their bioavailability needs to be monitored. Many studies showed accumulation of metals in crayfish
tissues as dose- and time-dependent without significant differences in tissue concentration levels comparing males and females.
Muscles and exoskeleton were considered as specific for accumulation of mercury and nickel, respectively. Cadmium, zinc, copper,
lead, and chromium accumulated mainly in hepatopancreas. By analyzing these specific tissues, it is possible to deduce the
bioavailability and, by presumption, the level of environmental pollution by specific metals. However, in the case of zinc
and copper, their utility is limited to assessing bioavailability because rapid depuration of these metals renders them less
useful for long-term environmental monitoring programs. The literature reporting heavy metal impacts on freshwater crayfish,
with reference to accumulation levels, is reviewed and summarized with respect to their suitability as bioindicators. Summarized
published data from unpolluted or control localities can be used as referential values in crayfish, and consequently help
with evaluation of monitored sites.
KeywordsAquatic environment-Bioindicator-Crustacea-Heavy metals contamination-Metal pollution
Tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles (total length 4.9 +/- 0.2 cm and weight 1.8 +/- 0.2 g) were exposed to several nitrite concentrations (0, 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100 mg l(-1)) for 96 h, using a semi-static renewal method at chloride levels of 35.0 and 70.0 mg l(-1). At the end of the 96-h period, the median lethal concentration (LC(50)) of nitrite was 28.18 mg l(-1) in water with low chloride content (35.0 mg l(-1)) and 44.67 mg l(-1) with high chloride content (70.0 mg l(-1), respectively). It indicated that high concentrations of chloride ions could reduce the toxicity of nitrite. During the toxicity experiments, the behaviour and clinical signs of tilapias were also observed. Furthermore, the test of toxic mechanism was designed taking five test concentrations, viz., 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg l(-1) and a nitrite-free control. Nitrite exposure produced high levels of methaemoglobin (MHb) but did not seem to cause mortality, as surviving tilapias showed high levels (85.37 +/- 2.23 and 53.82 +/- 3.44 at 35.0 and 70.0 mg l(-1) chloride, respectively). The percentage of MHb exposed to nitrite was significantly higher (P<0.05) than the control (0 mg l(-1) nitrite) and increased with the increasing nitrite concentration. However, the percentage of MHb decreased with the increasing chloride concentration.
Abstract—Turkey is separated into 25 river basins, and the Güren Stream is found in Kastamonu Province’s
West Black Sea Basin. Güren Stream originates inside the borders of Küre Mountains National Park and
flows into Black Sea. Küre Mountains National Park, in addition to being one of the 9 hot spots to be pro�tected in Turkey, is the country’s first Protected Area Network Parks (PAN park). At this research, monthly
stream water samples were taken from different 14 stations in the Güren Stream between 2018–2019. Subse�quently, the concentration of 28 parameters, consisting of pH, water temperature, electrical conductivity,
suspended solid matter, salinity, total hardness, total alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand,
biochemical oxygen demand, NH4-N, NO2-N, NO3-N, SO4, SO3, PO4-P, Cl, Fe, Na, K, Mg, Ca and six
potential toxic elements, including Pb, Cu, Cd, Hg, Ni, and Zn were measured. The results were compared
to the criteria of the Turkish Water Pollution Control Regulation and the World Health Organization (WHO).
In addition, the association between the obtained data and Geographic Information Systems, spatial distri�bution maps, ecotoxicological indexes, quality classifications, multivariable statistical pearson corelation and
factor analysis inter-parameter associations were evaluated. According to the results, the Güren Stream’s
water is of the highest quality, designated first class, and did not exceed WHO limits. According to water qual�ity and ecotoxicological indexes, Güren Stream is classified as “excellent, good, no pollution, permissible
and low.” To identify relationship between parameters, correlation and factor analysis were applied to data.
Natural sources, anthropogenic activities and forestry factor inputs were determined as the main accumula�tion sources of river by the result.
Bu çalışmada; Sinop ilinin Erfelek ilçesi sınırlarında bulunan Gümüşsuyu Göletin su kalitesinin belirlenmesi, su kirliliğine sebep olan nedenlerin tespiti, göletin canlı yaşamına uygunluk durumunun belirlenmesi amacıyla Nisan 2018 – Mart 2019 tarihleri arasında aylık dönemler halinde göletin bütününü temsil eden dört istasyondan bir yıl boyunca alınan numunelerde, fiziksel ve kimyasal su parametrelerinin değişimleri irdelenmiştir. Bu amaçla; elektriksel iletkenlik (Eİ), askıda katı madde (AKM), biyolojik oksijen ihtiyacı (BOİ), kimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı (BOİ), fosfat (PO4-3), sülfat (SO4-2), sülfit (Na2SO3), klorür (Cl-), sodyum (Na), potasyum (K), toplam alkalinite, toplam sertlik, kalsiyum (Ca), magnezyum (Mg), nitrat(NO3-), nitrit (NO2-) ve amonyum azotu (NH4+) parametreleri için analizler yapılmıştır. Analiz sonuçları genel ortalamalar, mevsimsel ortalamalar ve standart sapma değerlerinin hesaplanması suretiyle incelenmiştir. Bu veriler ışığında Yüzey Suları Su Kalitesi Yönetim Yönetmeliği’nde belirtilen standartlara göre Gümüşsuyu Göleti’nin su kalitesi I. sınıf olarak tespit edilmiş ve gölet suyunun çok sert sular grubunda olduğu belirlenmiştir. Gümüşsuyu Göleti’nde şu an herhangi bir kirlilik problemi olmamakla birlikte, kirlilik baskısı altında olduğu görülmüştür. Bu durumun üzerinde gerekli hassasiyetin gösterilmemesi durumunda gelecekte, Gümüşsuyu Göleti’nin sucul ekosisteminde yaşayan canlılar için tehlike oluşturacağı ön görülmektedir.
In this paper, water quality of Sehriban Stream, a rare freshwater ecosystem far from human impact and located in the western part of Türkiye’s Karadeniz Region, was studied over a long period of time (a hydrological year). Multivariate statistical approaches such as Pearson Correlation Index (PCI), Factor Analysis (FA), Cluster Analysis (CA) and self-organising maps (SOM) were used to evaluate the water quality and physico-chemical datasets. Samples were taken monthly during February 2019 – January 2020 from 12 stations and a total of 21 physicochemical parameters were investigated. The spatiotemporal averages of some organic pollution parameters investigated in the basin were determined as follows: 344 μS/cm for EC, 0.80 mg/L for COD, 0.42 mg/L for BOD, 0.02 mg/L for PO4²⁻, 34.4 mg/L for SO4²⁻, 0.00009 mg/L for NO2, 1.36 mg/L for NO3 and 0.0002 mg/L for NH4⁻. According to the findings of this study, despite a modest decline in water quality from upstream to downstream, Sehriban Stream was revealed to have first-class water quality features in general and all parameters detected in all seasons at all the investigated stations were below the limit values reported by WHO. The SOM analysis detected three spatial patterns, e.g. pH-salinity-K⁺-PO4²⁻-Mg²⁺-NO2; DO-Ca²⁺-NH4⁻ and TDS-EC-Cl⁻-SO4²⁻-COD-BOD-Na⁺ in water. As a result of PCI, significant positive and negative correlations were recorded among the investigated parameters. Results of FA showed that 2 factors elucidated 85% of total variances, which are named ‘Agricultural Factor’ and ‘Natural Factor’. As a result of CA, 3 significant clusters were identified, which are named ‘Lower Polluted Zone’, ‘Moderate Polluted Zone’ and ‘Higher Polluted Zone’. Overall, this work showed that multi-statistical approaches can be used to assess the water quality in a rare, unpolluted habitat over time and space.
The impact of climate change on nearshore coastal water quality and its interaction with pollution prevention efforts (e.g., the development of green and gray water infrastructure) still lack systematic investigation. This study performed a holistic analysis of the impact of climate change on the salinity and concentrations of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and chlorophyll a (Chl.a) in Shenzhen Bay between Shenzhen and Hong Kong, the two most developed megacities in South China, based on three-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality modeling. The major study findings were as follows. First, Chl.a was the most sensitive parameter, and its bay-wide average concentration in 2100 was predicted to be approximately 13% and 46% higher than those in 2015 under mild and rapid climate change scenarios, respectively. Second, sea level rise was found to be a major driver of all four water quality parameters, while temperature and radiation mainly influenced Chl.a and precipitation mainly influenced nutrients. Third, water quality responses to climate change were highly heterogeneous over the bay. Even under a mild climate change scenario, the highest location-specific changes (2100 vs. 2015) in salinity and TN, TP and Chl.a concentrations were projected to be approximately 21%, 19%, 25%, and 65%, respectively. Fourth, changes in seasonal variation due to climate change may lead to an enhanced ecological risk of algal blooms. Finally, the effect of reducing TN and TP concentrations by proposed water infrastructure development was found to be significantly weakened (nearly 40% and 20% for TN and TP, respectively, under a mild climate change scenario), while the negative effect (i.e., increase in the Chl.a concentration) was notably accelerated. Regional cooperation is critical for protecting the water quality of the bay, particularly under climate change. The insights obtained in this study are applicable to other coastal water zones around the world with similar socioeconomic backgrounds and climatic conditions.
Within the scope of present study, the water quality of stream Karaçomak in Kastamonu-Turkey was investigated. Water samples were collected from 9 stations selected on Karaçomak stream, considering the pollution points and the points, where the entrance of water into stream is high. The samples taken were analyzed in terms of water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, saltiness, electrical conductivity,
chemical composition and heavy metal content, and for their genotoxic and cytotoxic potential. Physicochemical evaluation indicated that all samples had heterogeneous intensity of environmental influence, but the considerable impact was noticed for the third and seventh stations. The present study highlights the need for continuous evaluation of water pollution level, and is intended to help in mitigating the environmental impacts and improve environmental performance.
The available literature on heavy metal bioaccumulation by freshwater macro-invertebrates has been analysed. A very uneven data distribution was found. Ephemeroptera and Diptera are the most commonly investigated orders of insect larvae, whilst many orders are not represented at all. The collector–gatherer and predator feeding guilds are more frequently investigated than other guilds. Furthermore, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd are the most intensively researched heavy metals, and only infrequent investigations of other metals are documented. Relationships between metal concentrations in the animals and levels in sediments and waters were determined from the pooled data for three feeding guilds. No one relationship represents how each metal interacts within the feeding guilds. Each of the four metals (Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd) displays a unique relationship between metal concentrations in sediments or waters with those in individual feeding guilds of macro-invertebrates, indicating the relative importance of different sources of metals to the different feeding types. Biomagnification of Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd has been demonstrated not to occur between these guilds.
An adequate supply of safe drinking water is one of the major prerequisites for a healthy life, but waterborne disease is still a major cause of death in many parts of the world, particularly in children, and it is also a significant economic constraint in many subsistence economies. The basis on which drinking water safety is judged is national standards or international guidelines. The most important of these are the WHO Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality. The quality of drinking water and possible associated health risks vary throughout the world with some regions showing, for example, high levels of arsenic, fluoride or contamination of drinking water by pathogens, whereas elsewhere these are very low and no problem. Marked variations also occur on a more local level within countries due, for example, to agricultural and industrial activities. These and others are discussed in this chapter.
Contamination by chromium (Cr) is widespread in agricultural soils and industrial sites. This heavy metal represents a risk to human health. In order to gain fundamental insights into the nature of the adaptation to Cr excess, the characterisation of physiological indices, including responses of photosynthetic gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence along with changes in mineral nutrient contents and water status were studied in ray grass (Lolium perenne L.). Increased concentrations of Cr(VI) (0-500 microM Cr) in the Coïc and Lessaint nutrient solution were applied. The growth of Lolium perenne is decreased by chromium and the leaves have lost their pigments. Chromium accumulation was greater in roots than in leaves and reached 2450 and 210 microg g(-1) DW, respectively with 500 microM Cr(VI) in nutrient medium. The physiological parameters were severely reduced by this heavy metal. Cr induced toxicity arising from 100 microM Cr(VI) and resulted in a modification of mineral content in roots and leaves, especially for Ca, Mg and Fe. The chromium stress decreased CO2 assimilation rates mainly due to stomatal closure, which reduced water loss by transpiration without decreasing the cellular available CO2. The fluorescence parameters associated with photosystem II (PSII) activity and the photochemical activity are modified by chromium. Non-radiative energy dissipation mechanisms were triggered during stress since non-photochemical quenching was increased and efficiency of excitation capture by open centers was reduced.
Antropojenik Kaynaklı Sucul Toksisitenin Belirlenmesinde Alternatif ve Yeni Bir Yaklaşım Olarak PLHC-1 ve RTG-2 Hücre Hatlarının Kullanılması ve CYP1A1 Biyobelirteci ile Birlikte Değerlendirilmesi. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi
- B Y Dikmen
- F G Aydin
- H Tutun
- S Sevin
Okyanus asitlenmesinin deniz omurgasızlarında radyonüklid biyobirikimine etkileri
- N Sezer
Sezer, N. (2019). Okyanus asitlenmesinin deniz omurgasızlarında radyonüklid biyobirikimine etkileri. (Yayınlanmamış Doktora
Tezi), İstanbul Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
Yayladağı Görentaş Göleti (Hatay) Su Kalitesi Parametreleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma/A Study On Water Quality Parameters Of Yayladağı Görentaş Lake (Hatay)
- Y Tepe
- E Mutlu
- A Türkmen
Tepe, Y., Mutlu, E., & Türkmen, A. (2011). Yayladağı Görentaş Göleti (Hatay) Su Kalitesi Parametreleri Üzerine Bir
Araştırma/A Study On Water Quality Parameters Of Yayladağı Görentaş Lake (Hatay). Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat
Fakültesi Dergisi, 35(3-4).
Istatistik sonuçlarinin yorumu: p degeri ve güven araligi nedir?/interpretation of statistical results: what is p value and confidence interval
- S Kul
Kul, S. (2014). Istatistik sonuçlarinin yorumu: p degeri ve güven araligi nedir?/interpretation of statistical results: what is p value
and confidence interval?. Plevra Bülteni, 8(1), 11.
Determination the effectiveness of the cytotoxic analysis on the water quality assessments
- N Emin
- E Mutlu
- A E Güzel
Karadere Baraj Göleti
- A Emin Güzel