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Asian Journal of Environmental Research
E-ISSN: 3047-4930
Vol. 1 (2), 2024
Page: 39-48
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39
Analysis of Coaching and Supervision Results for Bandung City
Hospitals by the Bandung City Health Office in 2024
Awalia Rahayu, Ai Susi Susanti *
Department of Hospital Administration, Politeknik Piksi Ganesha, Indonesia
*Email (corresponding author): as.susanti.ppg@gmail.com
Abstract
This study aims to determine the percentage increase in hospital facilities in Bandung from
2023 to May 2024 implemented by the Bandung City Health Office. The research method
used is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The data collection technique used
by researchers is a Focus Group Discussion of the coaching and supervision activities of
Bandung City hospitals by the Bandung City Health Office 2024. The results showed that in
2023, the average number of facilities in 43 hospitals was 61.7 while 78.6. So there is an
increase in the average value of hospital facilities in Bandung city from 2023 to 2024 this
May by 16.93%. In addition, the infrastructure in hospitals from 2023 to 2024 has also
increased. In 2023 itself, the average number of hospital infrastructure in Bandung city was
67.5 then increased to 80.9 in May 2024. So there was an increase in the percentage of
hospital infrastructure in Bandung from 2023 to May 2024 by 13.4%. Furthermore, regarding
medical devices, the increase that occurred in the results of the completeness of medical
devices in Bandung city hospitals from 2023 was 12.1%. This can be seen from the average
number of medical devices in 2023 Bandung City hospitals of 53.8 and 2024 until this May
65.9 so the implementation of hospital supervision and guidance activities has a significant
impact on the process of developing hospital facilities in Bandung City.
Keywords: Guidance, supervision, health service, bandung city, hospitals
1. Introduction
Human life in the 21st century has many health risks and challenges. In Indonesia,
one of the most common health challenges is non-communicable diseases (NCDs) (1,2). This
occurs due to several factors, ranging from diet, parenting, human movement patterns to the
lack of education and health counseling (3,4). In its statement, the Ministry of Health
emphasized that non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are preventable diseases (5).
Recognizing the risk factors and changing a healthy lifestyle by CERDIK (Periodic Health
Checks) are some powerful ways to reduce public health risks and challenges (6).
In the world of health, the term health index is a measurement of the general level of
human health in a particular region. There are two groups of indicators for assessing health
indicators, namely indicators that count the number of deaths that occur during a certain
period with their causes (7,8). There are also health indicators that measure the level of
disability or morbidity in the community. The Bandung City Health Index has increased from
year to year, this can be seen in the 2010 Bandung City Health Index of 82.64 to 84.23 in
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2022 (9). In the period 2010 to 2022, the Bandung City Health Index increased by 1.59 points
with an average growth of 0.13 points / year. Below is a graph illustrating the development of
the Health Index in Bandung City in the last twelve years (10).
In its implementation, access to health is provided by the government with the
provision of Health Service Facilities in each region and region (11). This is to meet Public
Health standards. Of course, with the help of several bodies or agencies, both private and
government, one of which is the Health Office. The Bandung City Health Office has an
important role in providing guidance and supervision of all health service facilities in the city
of Bandung, be it hospitals, health centers, clinics, laboratories and other health agencies
(12,13).
According to WHO (World Health Organization), the definition of a hospital is an
integral part of a social and health organization with the function of providing comprehensive
services, curing diseases (curative) and preventing diseases (preventive) to the community
(14,15). Hospitals are also training centers for health workers and medical research centers.
Based on Law No. 44 of 2009 concerning hospitals, hospitals are health service institutions
that organize comprehensive individual health services that provide inpatient, outpatient, and
emergency services (16). Meanwhile, according to the function, based on the Law of the
Republic of Indonesia No. 44 of 2009 concerning Hospitals, hospitals have the task of
providing comprehensive individual health services (17).
According to Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 17 of 2023 concerning
Health. Explained in article 11, which is related to the Central Government and Regional
Governments are responsible for the availability and access to Health Services and article 12
which is related to the Central Government and Regional Governments are responsible for:
a. Regulation, guidance, supervision and improvement of the quality and competence of
Medical and Health Workers
b. Planning, procurement and utilization of medical and health personnel in accordance
with the needs of the community and the region based on the provisions of laws and
regulations.
c. Welfare of Medical and Health Workers, and
d. Protection of patients and health human resources
According to Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 17 Year 2023 Article 1
explains several definitions, namely:
a. Health Services are all forms of activities and / or a series of service activities provided
directly to individuals or the Community to maintain and improve the degree of Public
Health in the form of promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative, and / or palliative.
b. Health Human Resources is a person who works actively in the field of Health, both
those who have formal Health Education or not, which for certain types requires
authority in carrying out Health Efforts.
c. Health Service Facilities are places and/or tools used to organize Health services to
individuals or the Community with a promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative,
and/or palliative approach carried out by the Central Government, Regional
Governments, and/or the Community.
d. Community Health Center, hereinafter referred to as Puskesmas, is a first-level health
service facility that organizes and coordinates promotive, preventive, curative,
rehabilitative, and / or palliative health services by prioritizing promotive and
preventive in its working area.
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e. Hospital is a health service facility that organizes individual health services in full
through promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative, and/or palliative health services
by providing inpatient, outpatient, and emergency services.
According to the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia
Number 14 of 2021 concerning Business Activity Standards and Products in the
Implementation of Risk-Based Business Licensing in the Health Sector, it is explained in
article 3 which states that when this Ministerial Regulation comes into force, Ministerial
Regulations governing business activity standards and product standards in the
implementation of health sector business licensing are declared to still apply as long as they
do not conflict with this Ministerial Regulation (18).
The implementation of guidance and supervision of hospitals in the city of Bandung is
to improve the quality of services provided by hospitals to the community. This is important
because the Bandung City Health Office has a central role in providing guidance and
supervision of hospitals in its area. Therefore, researchers conducted research on the results
of the guidance and supervision of hospitals carried out by the Bandung City Health Office.
2. Methods
The implementation of the activity was carried out using qualitative methods and
descriptive approaches. The research subjects were the participants of the coaching and
supervision activities of 43 hospitals, all of whom were directors of hospitals in the city of
Bandung. The object of research is the analysis of the results of coaching and supervision of
Bandung city hospitals on the needs of health service facilities. The data collection technique
used by researchers is Focus Group Discussion (FGD). FGD is a commonly used approach to
collect qualitative data/information. This data collection is based on the results of an
interaction of informants or respondents in a group that focuses on discussing in solving
certain problems (19–21).
This hospital coaching and supervision was held once on March 5, 2024 at 08.30 -
finish. The implementation began with the provision of material by resource persons from the
Ministry of Health regarding the Medical Device Facilities and Infrastructure Application
(ASPAK): Permenkes No.31 of 2018. The second resource person from Halmahera Siaga
Hospital Optimizing ASPAK at Halmahera Siaga Surgical Special Hospital regarding data
collection services. Then the third resource person from Al Faiha Medika Main Clinic
regarding the data coordinator and inventory of health facilities in the hospital.
3. Results and Discussion
Hospital coaching is carried out by the Bandung City Health Office with the aim of
improving the quality of services provided by hospitals to the community. One of the efforts
made is through assistance in implementing a good hospital management system. In this case,
the Bandung City Health Office provides technical guidance to hospitals in managing
hospital management effectively and efficiently. In addition, the Bandung City Health Office
also evaluates the quality of services provided by hospitals. This evaluation is carried out
routinely using predetermined standards. The results of this evaluation are then used as a
basis for providing recommendations for improvement to the hospital. Throughout 2024, the
Bandung City Health Office has evaluated all hospitals in the city and provided
recommendations for improvement.
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Another effort made by the Bandung City Health Office in carrying out its
responsibilities is to supervise hospitals in the city. This supervision is carried out to ensure
that hospitals comply with all regulations and standards set in providing health services. One
of the supervision efforts carried out is by conducting routine inspections of hospitals. In
addition, the Bandung City Health Office also supervises the quality of services provided by
hospitals.
One of them is health facilities. Health facilities are an important part of efforts to
improve the quality of health in Indonesia. It includes inventorying and mapping of facilities/
infrastructure, as well as medical devices. This guidance and supervision is a tangible form of
the Bandung city government's efforts to improve health facilities. The implementation of
supervision and guidance is carried out twice a year. In 2022 alone, Bandung city has 43
health facilities in the form of hospitals. In terms of service type, there are 29 private
hospitals, 4 owned by the Ministry of Health, 3 owned by the City Government, 1 owned by
TNI-AD, 1 owned by TNI-AU, 1 owned by POLRI, and 4 others.
As in previous years, this year the city of Bandung again carried out supervision and
guidance of hospitals (22). Coaching and supervision are also carried out thoroughly by
conducting a meeting of all hospital directors in Bandung City. The meeting was held at El
Royal Hotel in Bandung City and attended by 43 directors from each hospital.
Presentation of material from the first resource person by the Ministry of Health
regarding the Medical Device Facilities and Infrastructure Application (ASPAK): Permenkes
No.31 of 2018: ASPAK is a web-based electronic system that collects data and presents
information about Infrastructure Facilities and Medical Devices at Health Service Facilities.
ASPAK can present or sing information on the availability and fulfillment of infrastructure
facilities and medical devices in health facilities according to applicable standards. The
Health Facilities and Equipment Infrastructure application has information about Health
Facility Identity Data, Facilities Data, Infrastructure Data, Medical Device Data, and other
data related to Health services. However, in its use, many officers have not been able to apply
it optimally. So that in the implementation of FGDs carried out together, the results of these
problems were obtained, namely updating and validating the Medical Device Facilities and
Infrastructure Application. In addition, participants who came to the implementation of
hospital supervision and guidance were given more insight into its use so that it was hoped
that education on the use of ASPAK could be disseminated to other hospital officers.
Figure 1. Coordination meeting for hospitals throughout the city of bandung
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Table 1. Completeness of hospital ownership May 2024
No
Hospital
Completeness
Cumulati
on(50S+2
0P+30A)
Class
Review
Means
Infrastr
ucture
Medical
Devices
1
Bandung Eye
Center Eye
Hospital
Private
41.11
100
72.22
62.22
0.82
2
Paramarta Heart
and Vascular
Hospital
Private
40.23
97.56
71.07
60.95
0.73
3
Halmahera
Specialty
Surgical Hospital
Standby
Private
46.94
85.37
67.35
60.75
0.75
4
RSU
Bhayangkara Tk.
II Sartika Asih
POLRI
77.84
55.81
65.6
69.76
0.68
5
Melinda Mother
and Child
Hospital
Private
94.39
88.89
63.54
84.03
0.79
6
Mayapada
General Hospital
Bandung
Private
96.5
67.44
63.45
80.77
0.76
7
Muhammadiyah
General Hospital
Private
78.43
69.77
62.45
71.9
0.75
8
General Hospital
Tk. IV 03.07.03
Sariningsih
TNI-AD
100
81.4
62.01
84.88
0.7
9
Bandung City
Regional General
Hospital
City
governm
ent
72.89
74.42
58.8
68.97
0.8
10
Al Islam Mother
and Child
Hospital
Private
61.4
100
57.6
67.98
0.65
11
Edelweiss
Hospital
Private
82.51
100
53.25
77.23
0.71
12
Harapan Bunda
Mother and Child
Hospital
Bandung
Private
45.77
70.73
47.36
51.24
0.67
13
Limijati Mother
and Child
Hospital
Private
72.89
79.07
47.12
66.39
0.74
14
Rajawali General
Hospital
Private
80.76
60.47
45.78
66.21
0.61
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15
Bandung Kiwari
Regional General
Hospital
City
governm
ent
100
100
45.5
83.65
0.65
16
Community Lung
Health Center
Kemkes
40.52
62.79
43.56
45.89
0.65
17
Humana Prima
General Hospital
Private
86.84
90.24
43.38
74.48
0.51
18
Youngest
General Hospital
Private
100
88.37
43.27
80.66
0.55
19
Pasundan
Hospital
Private
80.76
100
27.39
68.6
0.42
20
Pindad General
Hospital
Private
83.67
65.12
22.13
61.5
0.29
21
Heart and
Vascular
Specialty
Hospital Melinda
Cardio Vascula
Center
Private
42.57
58.54
10.86
36.25
0.16
22
Covid-19
Emergency
Hospital
SECAPAAD
Hegarmanah
Covid-19
Emergency
Hospital
SECAPAAD
Hegarmanah
Private
0
0
0
0
0
23
Santosa General
Hospital
Bandung Central
Private
100
100
97.61
99.28
0.99
24
Al-Islam General
Hospital
Bandung
Other
100
93.02
94.23
96.87
0.96
25
Santo Yusup
General Hospital
Private
82,8
76.74
93.44
84.78
0.92
26
Santosa General
Hospital
Bandung Kopo
Private
100
90.24
93.15
95.99
0.96
27
RSAU dr. M.
Salamun
TNI-AU
95.04
88.37
92,24
92.87
0.94
28
Cicendo Eye
Specialty
Hospital
Ministry
of Health
100
93.02
88.03
95.01
0.89
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29
Hermina
Arcamanik
General Hospital
Private
88.05
88.37
87.33
87.9
0.86
30
Hermina Pasteur
General Hospital
Private
100
100
87.12
96.14
0.93
31
Santo Borromeus
General Hospital
Private
97.38
80.49
86.32
90,68
0.91
32
Bandung City
Dental and Oral
Specialty
Hospital
City
governm
ent
77.16
73.17
85.29
78.8
0.82
33
Dr. Hasan
Sadikin Central
General Hospital
Ministry
of Health
100
100
84.21
95.26
0.94
34
Kebonjati
General Hospital
Private
83.67
55.81
80.4
77.12
0.87
35
Immanuel
General Hospital
Bandung
Other
100
97.67
80.18
93. 59
0.87
36
UNPAD
Specialized
Dental and Oral
Hospital
Other
100
81.4
78.99
89.97
0.85
37
Dr. H. A.
Rotinsulu
Pulmonary
Hospital
Ministry
of Health
100
100
78.88
93.66
0.88
38
Grha Bunda
Mother and Child
Hospital
Private
72.22
73.17
76.83
73.8
0.85
39
Adventist
General Hospital
Bandung
Other
100
100
76.7
93.01
0.81
40
Mrs. R. A.
Habibie Kidney
Specialty
Hospital
Private
60.93
100
74.53
72.83
0.85
41
Melinda General
Hospital 2
Private
67.06
67.44
74.23
69.28
0.86
42
Kartini Hospital
Private
100
53,49
74.16
82.95
0.7
43
Maranatha
Dental and Oral
Hospital
Private
30.61
68.29
74
51.16
0.84
Average
78.6
80.9
65.9
75.2
0.74
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The next presentation was conducted by the second resource person, Halmahera Siaga
Hospital and Al Faiha Medika Main Clinic regarding Optimization of Medical Device
Facilities and Infrastructure Applications. Updates and validations need to be done
continuously but in the process we need to continue to utilize the application facilities that are
available by optimizing. Data input for facilities and infrastructure needs activation. Where
the resource person is given an example of data input as in Table 2 below.
Table 2. ASPAK data input of Halmahera Siaga Hospital
Facilities Data
Infrastructure Data
Medical Device Inventory
Medical Support of
Halmahera HospitalKB
Standby
● Power Source
● Water Source
● Gas Medik Vacum
● Waste Management
● Fire Hazard
Countermeasures
● Ambulance
● Telecommuniacation
Syestem
The Medical Device
Inventory must contain the
following information:
● Serial Number
● Brand and Type
● No. AKL/AKD
● Funding Source
● Acquistion Price
● Resources
Medical and Nursing
Services
General and Administrative
Support Area of Halmahera
HospitalKB Standby
Non-medical Support of
Hamahera HospitalKB
Standby
This optimization effort is balanced by determining the end time of the required data
input. The required data such as making work patterns more organized, more effective work,
and meeting targets. In addition to optimizing ASPAK, the Health Office's guidance and
supervision of hospitals in the city of Bandung also includes discussion of other facilities
such as facilities and infrastructure in hospitals. Throughout 2024, the number of bed
facilities from 41 hospitals in the city of Bandung is 750. With 250 class A hospital beds, 200
class B hospital beds, 100 class C hospital beds, 50 class D hospital beds. In the special
hospital classification as stated in article 2 paragraph (2) consists of class A special hospitals
totaling 75 beds, class B special hospitals totaling 50 beds, and class C special hospitals
totaling 25 beds. This number of facilities certainly has the possibility of continuing to grow
until the end of 2024.
Compared to the results of hospital facilities and infrastructure from 2023. The
number of existing hospital units remains the same at 43. However, the average number of
facilities, infrastructure, and medical devices covering 43 hospitals is increasing. Where in
2023, the average number of facilities in 43 hospitals is 61.7 while 78.6. So there is an
increase in the average value of hospital facilities in the city of Bandung from 2023 to 2024
this May by 16.93%. In addition, the infrastructure in hospitals from 2023 to 2024 has also
increased. In 2023 itself, the average number of hospital infrastructure in Bandung city was
67.5 then increased to 80.9 in May 2024. So that there was an increase in the percentage of
hospital infrastructure in Bandung from 2023 to May 2024 by 13.4%. Furthermore, medical
devices, the increase that occurred in the results of the completeness of medical devices in
Bandung city hospitals from 2023 was 12.1%. This can be seen from the results of the
average number of medical devices in 2023 Bandung city hospitals amounted to 53.8 and in
2024 until this May amounted to 65.9.
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Judging from the increase in the average percentage of facilities, both facilities,
infrastructure, and medical devices for Bandung city hospitals from 2023 to May 2024. Then
it can be ascertained that the implementation of guidance and supervision of Bandung city
hospitals by the Ministry of Health is successful. This is evidenced by the increasing number
of facilities provided by the hospital and it is one of the outputs of holding these activities.
Conclusions
The results of the analysis of the guidance and supervision of the Hospital by the
Ministry of Health of Bandung City are i) percentage increase in Bandung city hospital
facilities in 2023 to May 2024 by 16.9%, ii) percentage increase in Bandung city hospital
infrastructure in 2023 to May 2024 by 13.4%, iii) percentage increase in medical equipment
for Bandung city hospitals in 2023 to May 2024 by 12.1%. Judging from this increase, the
implementation of guidance and supervision activities for Bandung city hospitals succeeded
in being an activity that improved its hospital facilities over a period of less than one year
from 2023 to May 2024.
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