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In-Depth Analysis of Disaster (Risk)
Management System in Serbia: A
Critical Examination of Systemic
Strengths and Weaknesses
Vladimir M. Cvetkovi
ć
*
Posted Date: 13 May 2024
doi: 10.20944/preprints202405.0762.v1
Keywords: disaster, emergency; disaster management system; risk management; in-depth analysis; critical
examination; systemic strengths; weaknesses; enhancements; challenges; Serbia
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Article
In-Depth Analysis of Disaster (Risk) Management System
in Serbia: A Critical Examination of Systemic Strengths and
Weaknesses
Vladimir M. Cvetković 1,2,3,*
1 Faculty of Security Studies, University of Belgrade, Gospodara Vucica 50, 11040 Belgrade, Serbia; vmc@fb.bg.ac.rs
2 Scientific-Professional Society for Disaster Risk Management, Dimitrija Tucovića 121, 11040 Belgrade, Serbia;
3 International Institute for Disaster Research, Dimitrija Tucovića 121, 11040 Belgrade, Serbia.
* Correspondence: vmc@fb.bg.ac.rs
Abstract: This study comprehensively explores Serbia's Disaster (Risk) Management System, aiming to critically evaluate
its inherent strengths and weaknesses. Using descriptive-analytical methods and qualitative interpretation, SWOT anal-
ysis was applied to collect data from scientific papers, books, and institutional reports. This study delves deeply into the
nuances of Serbia's Disaster Management Framework, revealing a nuanced landscape of strengths, weaknesses, and
strategic improvement opportunities. Identified strengths underscore a robust foundation characterized by proficient
professionals, state-of-the-art technology, and cohesive teamwork, all pivotal for effective emergency preparedness and
response. Conversely, weaknesses underscore pressing imperatives for enhancements in regulatory enforcement, re-
source allocation, and infrastructure upgrades, presently hampering the framework's efficacy and response readiness.
This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on disaster risk management and serves as a catalyst for further
scholarly inquiry and policy formulation. By mapping out the structure of Serbia’s Disaster (Risk) Management Frame-
work and integrating diverse data sources, the study enriches theoretical models and lays the groundwork for practical
policy interventions. Its findings, including precise recommendations for policy reform and strategic improvements,
provide valuable insights for policymakers, emergency management experts, and stakeholders seeking to enhance dis-
aster preparedness and response capabilities on both national and global scales.
Keywords: disaster; emergency; disaster management system; risk management; in-depth analysis; critical
examination; systemic strengths; weaknesses; enhancements; challenges; Serbia
1. Introduction
In recent decades, the world has witnessed a surge in the frequency and severity of disasters, posing sig-
nificant threats to lives, assets, and economies [1–6]. This escalating trend underscores the imperative of bol-
stering effective disaster risk management strategies [7–17]. Spanning from natural hazards like floods,
earthquakes, and droughts to technological mishaps, industrial accidents, and man-made hazards such as
pandemics, terrorist strikes, and climate shifts, these events underscore the urgent need for resilient disaster
management systems capable of navigating the evolving challenges of contemporary society [18–25]. Within
this context, it becomes evident that Serbia is not shielded from disaster risks and confronts a unique array of
challenges [26]. Safeguarding citizen safety, preserving assets and infrastructure, and ensuring business con-
tinuity emerge as pivotal priorities demanding the establishment of a robust, well-coordinated disaster risk
management framework [27–30].
Among the recurring natural disasters impacting Serbia, floods stand out as a pervasive threat, inflicting
substantial material losses and jeopardizing public safety [5,31–35]. Concurrently, seismic activities present
sporadic yet formidable risks, capable of inflicting considerable damages and casualties [36–38]. Moreover,
industrial incidents, including chemical emergencies and conflagrations, pose formidable challenges, particu-
larly in urban settings [39–41]. Alongside these natural and technological perils, Serbia grapples with so-
cio-economic pressures, ranging from economic downturns and mass migrations to social unrest, all of which
can precipitate catastrophic outcomes [42]. These multifaceted challenges underscore the critical importance of
an effective disaster management apparatus in Serbia, adept at addressing an array of threats and exigencies.
In light of these circumstances, conducting a thorough examination of Serbia's existing Disaster Man-
agement System assumes paramount significance. Such an inquiry seeks to elucidate key success factors and
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from any ideas, methods, instructions, or products referred to in the content.
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© 2024 by the author(s). Distributed under a Creative Commons CC BY license.
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obstacles impeding the system's efficacy. Accordingly, the primary objective of this research is to furnish an
exhaustive analysis of Serbia's Disaster Management System, with a specific focus on delineating its inherent
strengths and weaknesses. Through a meticulous appraisal of its components and operational modalities, this
study endeavors to furnish invaluable insights into the system's operational efficiency and its preparedness to
counter disasters. Furthermore, leveraging SWOT analysis as a strategic instrument, this investigation aims to
illuminate critical facets of Serbia's Disaster Management System, pinpointing areas amenable to enhancement
and fortification of capacities for disaster preparedness and response.
2. Methods
The study applied SWOT analysis to conduct a detailed evaluation of the emergency and disaster (risk)
management system in Serbia. SWOT analysis is a standard tool in strategic planning that enables the identi-
fication of internal strengths and weaknesses, as well as external opportunities and threats relevant to the
analyzed system [43]. In this research, SWOT analysis was applied using a combination of descrip-
tive-analytical methods and qualitative interpretation of collected data [44]. The descriptive approach involved
a review of available scientific papers, books, and reports from relevant institutions involved in disaster
management in Serbia. These sources provided basic information about the structure, functions, and perfor-
mance of the disaster management system. After collecting relevant data, the analysis was conducted using the
SWOT matrix. Internal factors, including institutional capacities, resources, procedures, and experience, were
identified as strengths or weaknesses of the system. External factors, such as political, economic, socio-cultural,
and environmental factors, were analyzed to identify opportunities and threats facing the system. After iden-
tifying all four components of the SWOT analysis, a detailed evaluation and interpretation followed. This
phase of the analysis included a discussion of relevant factors, their mutual interactions, and potential impli-
cations for the effectiveness of the disaster management system in Serbia. Finally, based on the results of the
SWOT analysis, conclusions were drawn, and recommendations were formulated for improving the disaster
management system in Serbia. These recommendations were shaped considering the identified strengths,
weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, as well as relevant contextual factors and resources. SWOT analysis
provided a deeper understanding of the key characteristics and challenges of the disaster management system
in Serbia, enabling the identification of strategies and policies to enhance system efficiency and reduce the risk
of disasters.
3. Results
The research findings are presented in three sections: Systemic Strengths: Proficiencies and Advantages in
Serbia's Disaster (Risk) Management Framework; Systemic Weaknesses: Challenges and Limitations in Serbia's
Disaster (Risk) Management Framework; and 'Strategic Enhancements and Challenges in Emergency and
Disaster Management.
3.1. Systemic Strengths: Proficiencies and Advantages in Serbia's Disaster (Risk) Management Framework
In the examination of Serbia's Disaster (Risk) Management System, several key strengths stand out, high-
lighting the proficiencies and advantages that fortify the framework's effectiveness and resilience: 1) Employ-
ees within the emergency protection and rescue forces boast a rich background and substantial expertise in
managing a wide range of emergency scenarios, demonstrating profound knowledge and advanced skills that
are crucial in this field; 2) A robust framework for collaboration facilitates the efficient dissemination of critical
data, timely alerts, and warnings to the appropriate emergency management authorities, other interested
parties, and media channels, ensuring that all stakeholders are well-informed and can respond promptly; 3)
The organization maintains a comprehensive and reliable database of meteorological and hydrological data,
supported by high-quality analytical and forecasting products that enable accurate predictions and strategic
planning for various weather-related events; 4) Staff are not only highly educated and thoroughly trained but
are also equipped with state-of-the-art technical equipment and advanced IT infrastructure. This includes
modern meteorological radar systems and an automated network of radiosonde stations integrated into the
Global Observing System, along with automated meteorological and hydrological stations. The organization is
also in the process of modernizing five radar centres dedicated to hailstorm defence; 5) The national hydro-
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meteorological early warning system of Serbia is designed to operate round-the-clock, providing continuous
coverage across the entire nation. This system is fully integrated with global and European hydrometeorolog-
ical information systems, enhancing capabilities to predict and respond to emergency weather conditions
effectively; 6) A significant portion of the regulatory framework necessary for managing flood risks has been
implemented, with a few elements still under development. The institution enjoys an excellent level of coop-
eration with other key organizations, ensuring a cohesive approach to emergency management; 7) The orderly
and efficient exchange of critical data relevant to protection and rescue operations is a cornerstone of opera-
tional effectiveness, facilitating timely and coordinated responses during emergencies; 8) Legal regulations for
managing watercourses and protecting against harmful water effects are well-established. Additionally, pro-
cedures for data collection are routinely updated to ensure that they reflect the most current conditions and
data available; 9) The department is known for its efficiency in drafting comprehensive proposals and suc-
cessfully implementing a wide array of projects within the realm of protection and rescue, reflecting a com-
mitment to excellence and effective emergency management; 10) Effectiveness in handling daily activities
and processing cases pertaining to emergency situations is noted, showcasing the ability to manage and re-
solve issues swiftly and competently; 11) The decision-making process in emergency situations is characterized
by swiftness and decisiveness, which are essential in mitigating the impact of emergencies and ensuring public
safety; 12) The team comprises professional, experienced, and expertly trained personnel who are dedicated to
providing the highest level of emergency response services; 13) Transparency is a key principle in all opera-
tions, ensuring that processes and decisions are open and accountable to the public and all stakeholders in-
volved; 14) The Serbian Army has designated specific initial response forces that are prepared and equipped to
assist civil authorities swiftly and effectively in the event of emergencies; 15) These designated initial response
forces are specially trained and equipped to provide timely and effective assistance to civil authorities during
various emergency scenarios; 16) The Ministry of Defense maintains a robust and effective collaboration and
communication with the Emergency Management Sector of the Ministry of Interior. A system where desig-
nated representatives from the Ministry of Defense and the military are included in emergency management
staffs at all levels has been established; 17) Military forces are sufficiently engaged in the demining operations
of military complexes and facilities, using state-of-the-art demining equipment to ensure safety and security;
18) The Special Communications System (SCS) is a vital tool that can be deployed in disaster response and risk
management scenarios, providing a secure and reliable means of communication during emergencies; 19)
Membership in prominent international organizations dealing with emergency situations allows active par-
ticipation in various global and European programs and initiatives, enhancing capabilities and knowledge in
emergency management; 20) Both bilateral and multilateral cooperation in the field of emergency situations is
actively pursued, working closely with international partners to share knowledge, resources, and best prac-
tices; 21) A tradition and comparative advantage in the practices of protection and rescue are established,
supported by well-defined legal, normative, and organizational-functional aspects of the emergency man-
agement system; 22) The legal framework governing operations in emergency management is clearly defined,
providing a solid foundation for activities and ensuring compliance with national and international standards;
23) The condition of forests and the overall bioecological stability of the region are relatively good, with a
dedicated team of professionals who are skilled in the conservation, improvement, and maintenance of both
existing and newly planted forests; 24) The significance of forest goods and services is increasingly recognized
at various levels—from global to local—highlighting the crucial role forests play in environmental sustaina-
bility and economic stability; 25) Various international and European agreements and conventions relevant to
forestry have been signed and ratified, committing to best practices and compliance with international stand-
ards; 26) Timely and effective control of particularly dangerous infectious diseases among animals is ensured,
demonstrating a commitment to both animal health and public safety; 27) Experts are dedicated to the essential
public service of water supply, ensuring that all citizens have access to safe and clean drinking water; 28) In-
stitutions are well-staffed by trained professionals and are organized effectively across the territory, ensuring
that operations are conducted smoothly and efficiently; 29) The current workforce in the Ministry of Con-
struction, Transport, and Infrastructure is deemed sufficient to meet the ongoing demands and challenges of
maintaining and developing the nation’s infrastructure; 30) A comprehensive database of landslide occur-
rences and hazard zone assessments in accordance with the European Thematic Strategy is maintained, en-
suring that land management practices are scientifically based and strategically implemented; 31) State man-
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agement of landslides and unstable slopes includes detailed mapping and research, which are crucial for in-
formed spatial and urban planning; 32) Collaboration with local government units focuses on identifying and
preparing engineering geological research projects for the remediation of landslides, ensuring that these pro-
jects meet contracted deadlines and are of high quality; 33) Various data sources are integrated to create a
comprehensive hazard registry through the GeoSerbia portal, maintaining good interpersonal relations among
employees, which enhances organizational effectiveness; 34) The presence of the Red Cross in every munici-
pality in Serbia ensures a rapid and coordinated response to accidents and emergencies, demonstrating the
effectiveness of the disaster response infrastructure; 35) Developments on the ground are continuously moni-
tored using advanced electronic aids, enabling prompt and effective responses to any changes or emergencies
that may arise; 36) Communication within the Red Cross organization is efficient, particularly at higher levels
of organization, ensuring that resources can be mobilized and responses are quick when the situation de-
mands; ak) Strong and effective support for local systems, such as the healthcare system during the COVID-19
operation, is provided, demonstrating a commitment to public health and safety; 37) Ongoing collaboration
with actors at the local level is maintained, working together to address and manage emergency situations
effectively; 38) The Red Cross is readily accessible to citizens and partners, providing essential services and
support during times of need; 39) Active collaboration with organizations for people with disabilities is pur-
sued, ensuring that their needs are considered and addressed in emergency response and management strat-
egies; 40) A commitment to protecting and promoting human rights is central to the mission, with dedicated
efforts to work diligently to protect vulnerable social groups, ensuring that they receive the support and pro-
tection they need during emergencies.
3.1. Systemic Weaknesses: Challenges and Limitations in Serbia's Disaster (Risk) Management Framework
The Disaster (Risk) Management Framework in Serbia exhibits a range of systemic weaknesses that pre-
sent substantial challenges and limitations. These issues critically affect the efficiency and robustness of the
nation's emergency response capabilities: 1) The absence of conditions for consistent implementation of regu-
lations poses a significant challenge, undermining the effectiveness of the framework; 2) The role and im-
portance of the Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia (RHMS) in public administration and its visibility to the
wider public are insufficiently presented, limiting public awareness and engagement; 3) The organization and
implementation of preventive measures are inadequate, which hampers effective disaster risk reduction; 4)
Specialized cadastres are not accessible, which restricts the ability to effectively manage land and resources
during emergencies; 5) Comprehensive risk maps are lacking, which is a critical gap that hinders effective
planning and response strategies; 6) There is a shortage of efficient mechanisms for collaboration with the
private sector, educational institutions, and research bodies, limiting the integration of innovative solutions
and knowledge; 7) The capacity of response services is unevenly distributed, creating disparities in emergency
responsiveness across different regions; 8) The emergency number 112 system has not been established, which
delays the response times in critical situations; 9) No methodology for hazardous waste management has been
developed, leading to potential environmental and health risks; 10) Outdated, unreliable equipment, vehicles,
and resources in emergency services impair response efficiency and effectiveness; 11) The salary system for
public servants does not align with market rates for engineering professions, affecting recruitment and reten-
tion; 12) Inadequate funding for the maintenance of the protection and rescue systems compromises their
sustainability and operational readiness; 13) Specialized vehicles and equipment for responding to chemical
accidents in road, rail, and river transport are absent, exposing gaps in handling hazardous material incidents;
14) The number of mobile eco-toxicological units is insufficient, limiting the capability to address environ-
mental disasters promptly; 15) Training for employees is lacking; there is also a shortage of expert assistance,
which impacts the overall quality of emergency management; 16) Coordination among various entities within
the emergency protection and rescue system is insufficient, leading to fragmented responses during crises; 17)
Collaboration between research institutions and direct research users is inadequate, which stifles the applica-
tion of scientific advances in practical settings; 18) Interaction with non-governmental and private sectors is
insufficient, which could otherwise enhance resource mobilization and innovative approaches in emergencies;
19) There is a need for improvement in international cooperation to better handle cross-border emergencies
and benefit from global best practices; 20) The professional qualifications and technological discipline of
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available human resources are inadequate, affecting the overall effectiveness of emergency responses; 21)
Logistical capacities to provide support to civil authorities in emergencies, especially transportation and stor-
age capabilities, are limited; 22) There is a shortage of specialized personnel, which affects the quality and
efficiency of specialized emergency response services; 23) The outflow of skilled personnel and the govern-
ment's restrictive employment policies exacerbate the challenges in maintaining a skilled workforce; 24) Pro-
fessional staff lack adequate training, which affects their performance and the quality of emergency services
provided; 25) The level of IT support for data entry, management, and utilization is insufficient, hindering
effective information management in emergencies; 26) The preparedness and capacity of local governments are
low, which compromises local responses in emergency situations; 27) The use of databases and Information
Systems (IS) is inadequate, which leads to inefficiencies in data-driven decision-making; 28) The culture of
prevention is underdeveloped, leading to higher vulnerability and lower community resilience against emer-
gencies; 29) The general population's level of awareness is low, which impedes effective community engage-
ment in disaster preparedness and response; 30) The utilization of available international development funds is
insufficient, which limits the financial resources available for emergency management; 31) The quality of
maintenance and repair services for Mobile Telecommunication Systems (MTS) is poor, affecting communica-
tion reliability during emergencies; 32) The education of forestry professionals is inadequate, impacting the
management and sustainability of forest resources; 33) There is a shortage of engineers with appropriate qual-
ifications (e.g., civil engineers specializing in hydrology, mechanical engineers, electrical engineers, certified
technologists, and chemists), which limits the technical capacity in relevant sectors; hh) Procedures for
adopting documents on an urgent basis are lengthy, which delays critical decision-making in emergency
management; 34) Specific procedures for inter-sectoral action are lacking, leading to inefficiencies and incon-
sistencies in multi-agency responses; 35) The availability of resources and capacities is uneven, which leads to
disparities in the effectiveness of emergency responses across different regions; 36) There is no systemic solu-
tion for engaging volunteers, which hinders the mobilization of community resources during emergencies; 37)
The registry of disaster risks remains incomplete, lacking full integration of geo-referenced data for all
recognized natural and technological hazards throughout the nation; 38) The development of standardized
operating procedures for a synchronized response to emergencies is lacking, which undermines the quickness
and efficiency of response operations; 39) The distribution of tasks within the protection and rescue sectors
does not align proportionally with the capabilities of the assigned agencies and forces, leading to inefficiencies;
40) There is a notable imbalance in the support provided for sustaining the existing capacities and resources
dedicated to disaster risk reduction and emergency management; 41) The critical emergency response system,
designated by the number 112, has yet to be implemented, resulting in significant delays when responding to
emergencies; 42) Local government bodies show inadequate planning and budgeting for funding essential
services in protection, rescue, and disaster risk reduction; 43) Both the general public's preparedness and the
local governments’ readiness to manage emergencies are dangerously inadequate; 44) The cultivation of a
preventive and safety-conscious culture is significantly lacking, coupled with a low level of public knowledge
about how to handle hazards and risks, and a weak foundation for risk reduction and disaster impact
mitigation; 45) Emergency response resources and capacities are not only insufficient but are also unevenly
available across different emergency services and organizations; 46) There is an absence of an organized
approach to mobilize volunteers and engage the youth in emergency situations, which hampers effective
community-driven response efforts; 47) The integration of vulnerable and marginalized groups into disaster
preparedness and response plans is poorly handled, often overlooking the needs of these crucial segments of
the population; 48) Effective oversight and regulation enforcement within the realms of protection and rescue
are notably lacking, resulting in varied compliance and implementation across the board.
5. Strategic Enhancements and Challenges in Emergency and Disaster Management
To strengthen emergency and disaster management systems effectively, it's crucial to focus on key strat-
egies such as enhancing collaborative efforts, developing capacities, and refining response measures. These
steps are vital for a well-rounded and effective strategy in disaster risk reduction and emergency prepared-
ness: 1) Enhancing regional and international cooperation in emergency management, including involvement
in multinational operations and direct collaborations with organizations like WMO, IPCC, GEOSS; 2)
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Strengthening capacities through increased funding for equipment, operational expenses, and revitalization of
domestic production of technical resources; 3) Improving coordination and collaboration at all levels, includ-
ing data exchange with entities like ICPDR and the Sava Commission, and enhanced communication with
stakeholders and government bodies; 4) Advancing training and education programs for civil protection units,
emergency staff, and the general public, focusing on safety, emergency preparedness, and disaster risk reduc-
tion; 5) Utilizing international funding and technological advancements to boost strategic capabilities, includ-
ing early warning systems and risk predictions; 6) Continuous development and harmonization of method-
ologies, regulations, and strategic documents, particularly aligning with European standards and utilizing
extensive scientific research and data.
Emergency management systems today face a myriad of challenges that span financial limitations, oper-
ational inefficiencies, political and demographic hurdles, environmental risks, and communication barriers,
each complicating the path to effective crisis response and resilience building.
The following threats have been identified, posing significant challenges to the effectiveness and resilience
of emergency and disaster management system: 1) Financial and resource constraints impacting equipment
modernization, infrastructure development, and the execution of essential tasks, including inadequate in-
vestment levels and budgetary support; 2) Operational inefficiencies in emergency management, slow im-
plementation of preventive measures, and inadequate disaster planning and preparedness at various levels; 3)
Political risks, demographic challenges, and workforce issues, including high staff turnover, understaffing, and
the need for better job task definition and coordination among societal actors; 4) Climate change and envi-
ronmental extremes posing increasing risks, requiring rapid response capabilities and reform in public enter-
prise management; 5) Challenges in maintaining effective interdepartmental and external communications,
managing expectations, and ensuring adequate responses to emergencies, compounded by potential economic
crises due to global events like pandemics and conflicts.
6. Conclusions
This research thoroughly explores the intricacies of Serbia’s Disaster Management Framework, uncover-
ing a complex array of strengths, weaknesses, and areas ripe for strategic improvement. The strengths identi-
fied highlight a solid base marked by skilled professionals, cutting-edge technology, and effective teamwork,
all crucial for proficient emergency preparedness and response. On the flip side, the weaknesses point to ur-
gent needs for improvement in areas like regulatory enforcement, resource distribution, and infrastructure
upgrades, which currently impede the framework’s efficiency and response capabilities. Strategically, the
study recommends a comprehensive approach to boost Serbia's disaster management effectiveness. Sugges-
tions include strengthening international and regional partnerships, ramping up investment in technology and
infrastructure, and expanding training and public awareness initiatives. Additionally, it emphasizes the im-
portance of proactive policy development aimed at resilience and thorough risk management. The study posits
that with focused reforms, increased funding, and ongoing commitment to enhancement, Serbia could sub-
stantially improve its resilience to disasters, thus better protecting its people and infrastructure from the
growing unpredictability of global environmental challenges. This research not only adds to the ongoing
conversation on disaster risk management but also acts as a springboard for further studies and policy-making
in this crucial area.
This study not only maps out the structure of Serbia’s Disaster (Risk) Management Framework but also
enriches the academic conversation around disaster management. It presents a detailed framework suited for
comparative analysis in various national contexts, helping to deepen the understanding of both universal and
region-specific challenges in disaster management. The methodology used in this research strengthens the
integrity of disaster management studies by integrating various data sources, which refine theoretical models
for disaster resilience and response. Thus, this research lays a solid foundation for further theoretical explora-
tion and offers insightful views on the dynamics of disaster management systems. On a practical level, this
study's outcomes are crucial for shaping policies and strategic planning in disaster management. By identify-
ing key systemic weaknesses and areas needing strategic improvements, the research delivers precise recom-
mendations for policy reform. These recommendations include creating extensive training programs for
emergency personnel and the public, optimizing resource distribution, and encouraging multi-sectoral col-
laborations. These measures are vital for boosting disaster preparedness and response capabilities and con-
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tributing to comprehensive enhancements in national disaster management strategies. The practical insights
provided are designed to assist policymakers, emergency management experts, and stakeholders in develop-
ing more effective and efficient practices in disaster management, ultimately fostering a more resilient society.
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Demographic and Socio-Economic Impacts." Preprints 2024, 2024020950. (2024): 2024020950.
21. Grozdanić, G., Vladimir Cvetković, Tin Lukić, and Aleksandar Ivanov. "Comparative Analysis and Prediction of
Sustainable Development in Earthquake Preparedness: A Cross-Cultural Perspective on Montenegro, North
Macedonia, and Serbia." Preprint (2024).
22. Cvetković, Vladimir M., and Vanja Šišović. "Community Disaster Resilience in Serbia." Scientific-Professional Society
for Disaster Risk Management, Belgrade, 2024.
23. Grozdanić, G., and M. Vladimir Cvetković. "Exploring Multifaceted Factors Influencing Community Resilience to
Earthquake-Induced Geohazards: Insights from Montenegro." Scientific-Professional Society for Disaster Risk
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24. Cvetković, Vladimir, Jasmina Tanasić, Mirjana Živković-Šulović, and Stefan Milojević. "State of Public Health at the
Local Level in Serbia: Longitudinal Research." Preprint (2023).
25. Cvetković, Vladimir, Saša Romanić, and Hatidža Beriša. "Religion Influence on Disaster Risk Reduction: A Case Study
of Serbia." Preprint (2023).
26. Cvetković, Vladimir M., and Vanja Šišović. "Capacity Building in Serbia for Disaster and Climate Risk Education."
Available at SSRN 4575350 (2023).
27. Nikolić, Neda, Vladimir Cvetković, and Aleksandar Ivanov. "Human Resource Development for Environmental
Security and Emergency Management." Scientific-Professional Society for Disaster Risk Management, Belgrade, 2023.
28. Cvetković, V. Pavlović S., and B. Janković. "Private Security Preparedness for Disasters Caused by Fires." Journal of
Criminalistic and Law, NBP 26, no. 1 (2021).
29. Janković, Bojan, Vladimir Cvetković, Saša Milojević, and Zvonimir Ivanović. "Relations between Police and Private
Security Officers: A Case Study of Serbia." Security Journal (2021).
30. Cvetković, Vladimir, Katarina Andrić, and Aleksandar Ivanov. "Comparative Analysis of DRM Systems in Germany,
USA, Russia and China." Security Dialogues /Безбедносни дијалози 14, no. 2: 65-88.
31. Cvetković, V., G. Roder, A. Öcal, P. Tarolli, and S. Dragićević. "The Role of Gender in Preparedness and Response
Behaviors Towards Flood Risk in Serbia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 12
(2018): 2761.
32. Guerriero, Luigi, Giuseppe Ruzza, Francesco M. Guadagno, and Paola Revellino. "Flood Hazard Mapping
Incorporating Multiple Probability Models." Journal of Hydrology 587 (2020): 125020.
33. Petrucci, Olga, Luigi Aceto, Cinzia Bianchi, Victoria Bigot, Rudolf Brázdil, Susana Pereira, Abdullah Kahraman,
Özgenur Kılıç, Vassiliki Kotroni, Maria Carmen Llasat, Montserrat Llasat-Botija, Katerina Papagiannaki, Angela
Aurora Pasqua, Jan Řehoř, Joan Rossello Geli, Paola Salvati, Freddy Vinet, and José Luis Zêzere. "Flood Fatalities in
Europe, 1980–2018: Variability, Features, and Lessons to Learn." 11, no. 8 (2019): 1682.
34. Kutub, Juel Rana, Vladimir M. Cvetković, and Shahnaz Huq. "Assessment of Women’s Vulnerability and Their
Coping Mechanism Living in Flood Prone Areas: A Case Study of Belkuchi Upazila, Sirajganj." Serbian Science Today
(2017).
35. Parvin, Gulsan, Annya Shimi, Rajib Shaw, and Chaitee Biswas. "Flood in a Changing Climate: The Impact on
Livelihood and How the Rural Poor Cope in Bangladesh." Climate 4, no. 4 (2016): 60.
36. Cvetković, Vladimir, and Jelena Planić. "Earthquake Risk Perception in Belgrade: Implications for Disaster Risk
Management." International Journal of Disaster Risk Management 4, no. 1 (2022): 69-89.
37. Hough, Susan Elizabeth. Predicting the Unpredictable: The Tumultuous Science of Earthquake Prediction: Princeton
University Press, 2016.
38. Rikhari, RD. "Making Buildings Earthquake Resistant Is Good Economics." (2015).
39. Cvetković, Vladimir. "Taktika Zaštite I Spasavanja U Katastrofama (Disaster Protection and Rescue Tactics)."
Naučno-stručno društvo za upravljanje rizicima u vanrednim situacijama, Beograd, 2022.
40. Cvetković, Vladimir, and Jovanović Marina. Mitovi O Katastrofama: Istine I Zablude (Myths About Disasters: Truths and
Misconceptions). Beograd: Naučno-stručno društvo za upravljanje rizicima u vanrednim situacijama, 2021.
41. Cvetković, Vladimir, and Jovana Martinović. "Upravljanje u Nuklearnim Katastrofama (Nuclear Disaster
Management)." Naučno-stručno društvo za upravljanje rizicima u vanrednim situacijama, Beograd, 2021.
42. Cvetković, Vladimir M. "A Predictive Model of Community Disaster Resilience Based on Social Identity Influences
(Modersi)." International Journal of Disaster Risk Management 5, no. 2 (2023): 57-80.
43. Benzaghta, Mostafa Ali, Abdulaziz Elwalda, Mousa Mohamed Mousa, Ismail Erkan, and Mushfiqur Rahman. "Swot
Analysis Applications: An Integrative Literature Review." Journal of Global Business Insights 6, no. 1 (2021): 54-72.
44. Ghazinoory, Sepehr, Mansoureh Abdi, and Mandana Azadegan-Mehr. "Swot Methodology: A State-of-the-Art
Review for the Past, a Framework for the Future." Journal of Business Economics and Management 12, no. 1 (2011): 24-48.
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ity for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the con-
tent.
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