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Structural-Parametric Models and Transfer Functions of Electromagnetoelastic Actuators Nano- and Microdisplacement for Mechatronic Systems
Abstract
Structural-parametric models, parametric structural schematic diagrams and transfer functions of electromagnetoelastic actuators are determined. A generalized parametric structural schematic diagram of the electromagnetoelastic actuator is constructed. Effects of geometric and physical parameters of actuators and external load on its dynamic characteristics are determined. For calculations the mechatronic systems with piezoactuators for nano- and microdisplacement the parametric structural schematic diagrams and the transfer functions of piezoactuators are obtained.
... By solving the wave equation with allowance methods of mathematical physics for equation electromagnetoelasticity, the boundary conditions on loaded working surfaces of actuators, the strains along the coordinate axes, it is possible to construct the linear structural-parametric model of the actuator for the mechatronics systems [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. ...
... Using the Laplace transform, we can reduce the original problem for the partial differential hyperbolic equation of type (4) to a simpler problem for the linear ordinary differential equation [2,3,13,14]. ...
... The set of equations (5) yield the set of equations for the linear structural-parametric model of the piezoactuator and parametric structural schematic diagram of a voltagecontrolled piezoactuator for longitudinal piezoelectric effect Figure 2: In the equation (2) of the inverse transverse piezoeffect [12,14,15] are the following parameters: ...
... The piezoactuator uses the inverse piezoeffect and serves for the actuation of mechanisms or the management and converts the electrical signals into the displacement and the force [1,2,3,6]. The piezoactuator is applied for the drives of the scanning tunneling microscopes and the atomic force microscopes [14,15,16]. Let us consider the generalized structural-parametric model and the generalized parametric structural schematic diagram of the electroelastic actuator are constructed by solving the wave equation with the Laplace transform for the equation of the electromagnetolasticity, the boundary conditions on loaded working surfaces of the actuator, the strains along the coordinate axes. ...
... In the paper [13] considers the development of various lumped-element models as practical tools to design and manufacture the actuators with the output velocity. In the [14,16,21] were obtained the structural-parametric models, the schematic diagrams for simple piezoactuator and were transformed to the structuralparametric model of the electroelastic actuator. In [8,18] was used the transfer functions of the piezoactuator for the decision problem absolute stability conditions of system controlling the deformation of the electroelastic actuator. ...
... The piezoactuator for Nano science and Nano biomedicine research is used in the scanning tunneling microscope, the scanning force microscope, the atomic force microscope, in the gene manipulator [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. ...
Interfacial interactions between matrix and reinforcement of composites influences greatly in final properties of the material. Carbon Fibers are characterized for to have low interactions with resins when forming a composite material. In the present study, 0.3 wt% of GO/rGO were incorporated in three systems of epoxy resin/carbon fiber as reinforcing fillers, trying to profit the chemical affinity between aromatics structures of GO/rGO and polar interactions with epoxy resin. GO/rGO were characterized by XPS, TGA was performed on carbon fiber, epoxy resins and composites obtained and SEM was utilized to observe composite samples in detail once mechanical tests were conducted. Composites experienced noticeable enhancements by employing Bisphenol Epoxy (BP) cured with methyl cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic anhydride (MCHDA) as matrix and carbon fiber of 300 g/cm 2 as reinforcement; Youngs modulus, rupture stress and elongation to failure increased almost twofold compared to non-modified composites by adding GO in the system and even superior boosts can be appreciated with rGO, which additionally improves the flexural stress from 14.6 to 30.1 GPa.
... The piezoactuator uses the inverse piezoeffect and serves for the actuation of mechanisms or the management and converts the electrical signals into the displacement and the force [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. The piezoactuator is applied for the drives of the scanning tunneling microscopes, scanning force microscopes and atomic force microscopes [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. ...
Background/Aim: With the availability of biosimilars, hospital formulary drug selection among biologics extends beyond clinical and safety considerations when comes to hospital resource management, to factors like human resource allocation and financial sustainability. However, research assessing the time and cost of labor, supplies, and waste disposal of biologics from the standpoint of hospitals remains limited. This study focuses on short-acting granulocyte-colony stimulating factor originators (Granocyte® and Neupogen®) and biosimilar (Nivestim®), comparing them based on mean total handling times per dose and total annual expenses. Materials and Methods: Ten nurses from a Taiwanese cancer center were recruited; they each prepared three doses of each drug. Results: Findings showed that the mean total handling times per dose of Granocyte® and Neupogen® were significantly higher than that of Nivestim®. Handling Nivestim® required the lowest total annual expense. Conclusion: Nivestim® is an advantageous alternative to Granocyte® and Neupogen®, benefiting hospital resource management.
The structural schemes of electroelastic engine micro and nano displacement are determined for applied bionics and biomechanics. The structural scheme of electroelastic engine is constructed by method mathematical physics. The displacement matrix of electroelastic engine micro and nano displacement is determined.
In the work is calculated of the piezoactuator for astrophysics. The structural scheme of the piezoactuator is determined for astrophysics. The matrix equation is constructed for the piezoactuator. The mechanical characteristic is determined. The parameters of the piezoactuator are obtained in nano control systems for astrophysics.
For the nano piezoactuator with hysteresis in control system its set of equilibrium positions is the segment of line. By applying Yakubovich criterion for system with the nano piezoactuator the condition absolute stability of system is evaluated.
The structural model of the nano piezoengine is determined for applied biomechanics and biosciences. The structural scheme of the nano piezoengine is obtained. For calculation nano systems the structural model and scheme of the nano piezoengine are used, which reflect the conversion of electrical energy into mechanical energy of the control object. The matrix equation is constructed for the nano piezoengine in applied biomechanics and biosciences.
We obtained the deformation, the structural diagram, the transfer functions and the characteristics of the actuator nano and micro displacements for composite telescope in astronomy and physics research. The mechanical and regulation characteristics of the actuator are received.
The structural model of the electroelastic engine for nanobiomedicine is determined. The structural scheme of the engine is constructed. For the mechatronics systems with the elecroelastic engine its deformations are obtained.
The structural scheme of a piezoactuator is obtained for astrophysics. The matrix equation is constructed for a piezoactuator. The characteristics of a piezoactuator are received for astrophysics.
The mathematical models of a piezoengine are determined for nanomedicine and applied bionics. The structural scheme of a piezoengine is constructed. The matrix equation is obtained for a piezoengine.
The stationary set of the control system of the hysteresis deformation of the electro magneto elastic actuator is the segment of the straight line. The aim of this work is to determine the condition of the absolute stability on the derivative for control system of the deformation of the electro magneto elastic actuator in automatic nanomanipulators for Nano science and Nano biomedicine research. The frequency methods for Lyapunov stable control system are used to calculate the condition the absolute stability of the control system with electro magneto elastic actuator. In result we obtained the condition of the absolute stability on the derivative for the control system with the electro magneto elastic actuator in automatic nanomanipulators for Nano science and Nano biomedicine research.
The generalized parametric structural schematic diagram, the generalized structural-parametric model, and the generalized matrix transfer function of an electromagnetoelastic actuator with output parameters displacements are determined by solving the wave equation with the Laplace transform, using the equation of the electromagnetolasticity in the general form, the boundary conditions on the loaded working surfaces of the actuator, and the strains along the coordinate axes. The parametric structural schematic diagram and the transfer functions of the electromagnetoelastic actuator are obtained for the calculation of the control systems for the nanomechanics. The structural-parametric model of the piezoactuator for the transverse, longitudinal, and shift piezoelectric effects are constructed. The dynamic and static characteristics of the piezoactuator with output parameter displacement are obtained.
Last decade has seen growing research interest in vibration energy harvesting using piezoelectric materials. When developing piezoelectric energy harvesting systems, it is advantageous to establish certain analytical or numerical model to predict the system performance. In the last few years, researchers from mechanical engineering established distributed models for energy harvester but simplified the energy harvesting circuit in the analytical derivation. While, researchers from electrical engineering concerned the modeling of practical energy harvesting circuit but tended to simplify the structural and mechanical conditions. The challenges for accurate modeling of such electromechanical coupling systems remain when complicated mechanical conditions and practical energy harvesting circuit are considered in system design. In this article, the aforementioned problem is addressed by employing an equivalent circuit model, which bridges structural modeling and electrical simulation. First, the parameters in the equivalent circuit model are identified from theoretical analysis and finite element analysis for simple and complex structures, respectively. Subsequently, the equivalent circuit model considering multiple modes of the system is established and simulated in the SPICE software. Two validation examples are given to verify the accuracy of the proposed method, and one further example illustrates its capability of dealing with complicated structures and non-linear circuits.
The field of mechatronics using piezoelectric and electrostrictive materials is growing rapidly with applications in many areas, including MEMS, adaptive optics, and adaptive structures. Piezoelectric Actuators and Ultrasonic Motors provides in-depth coverage of the theoretical background of piezoelectric and electrostrictive actuators, practical materials, device designs, drive/control techniques, typical applications, and future trends in the field. Industry engineers and academic researchers in this field will find Piezoelectric Actuators and Ultrasonic Motors an invaluable source of pertinent scientific information, practical details, and references. In the classroom, this book may be used for graduate level courses on ceramic actuators.
We developed a structural-parametric models, obtained solution for the wave equation of electroelastic actuators and constructed their transfer functions. Effects of geometric and physical parameters of electroelastic actuators and external loading on their dynamic characteristics determined. For calculation of automatic control systems for nanometric movements with electroelastic actuators, we obtained the parametric structural schematic diagrams and the transfer functions of piezoactuators. Static and dynamic characteristics of piezoactuators determined.
Optimal control of a multilayer piezo submicromanipulator with a longitudinal piezo effect is considered. Control functions are presented. The equation of the switching line in the control of the multilayer piezo actuator is derived.
The dynamic characteristics of piezoelectric nano- and micromotors with parallel and code control in longitudinal and transverse piezoelectric effects are determined. Corresponding transfer functions are obtained.
The transfer functions of multilayer nano- and microdisplacement piezotransducers are obtained under the conditions of longitudinal and transverse piezo-optic effects. The absolute stability conditions are derived for the strain control systems of multilayer nano- and microdisplacement piezotransducers. Some compensating devices ensuring the stability of strain control systems of multilayer piezotransducers are chosen.
A generalized structural parametric model and a parametric structural diagram of a compound electromagnetoelastic transducer are constructed. The influence of the geometric and physical parameters of this transducer and the external loading on the dynamical characteristics are found. The transfer functions of the compound electromagnetoelastic transducer are derived for the electromechanical drive of nanomovements.
A generalized structural parametric model of an electromagnetoelastic transducer is constructed on the basis of the solution of the wave equation. The influence of the geometric and physical parameters and external loads on the transducer’s static and dynamic characteristics in the control system is determined. Transfer functions of the piezotransducer for a piezodrive of nanodisplacements are obtained.
The use of nano- and micro-scale piezomotors in precision electromechanical systems is considered. The deformation of the piezoconverter corresponding to its stress state is investigated.
The solution of matrix equations in electroelasticity problems permits the formulation of a generalized structural-parametric model of a multilayer electroacoustic motor and determination of the influence of the motor’s geometric and physical parameters and external load on its dynamic characteristics. Transfer functions are derived for nano- and micro-scale multilayer electroacoustic motors.
Based on the solution of a wave equation, a structural-parametric model of electromagnetoelastic converter for the electromechanical
drive of nano-and micrometric movements was constructed. A transformation was conducted for the structural-parametric model
and the parametric structural circuits. The influence of the geometric and physical parameters of this converter and of the
external load on the static and dynamical characteristics was estimated.
We design the static and dynamic characteristics of a piezoelectric nanomicrotransducer intended for use in nanotechnology
and microelectronic hardware, devise its parametric structural schematic diagram, and determine the influence of its physical
and geometric parameters on its static and dynamic characteristics.
We study the compression diagrams and elastic compliances of composite piezoelectric transducers. We find the typical points
on the compression diagram which correspond to the mechanical stress of clearance cutting and smoothing the microroughnesses
and to the ultimate compression strength with crack formation on the edges of piezoelectric crystal plates. We construct mechanical
and adjusting characteristics of piezoelectric transducers and determine their static and dynamic characteristics.
We construct a generalized structural-parametric model of a multilayer electroelastic solid and determine how the geometric
and physical parameters of the transducer and the external load affect its static and dynamical characteristics. We obtain
the transfer functions of a multilayer electroelastic solid for an electromechanical actuator of nano- and microdisplacements.
The stability conditions for a system controlling the deformation of an electromagnetoelastic transducer under deterministic and random actions are discussed. Manufacturing high-precision electromechanical drives based on electromagnetoelasticity are offering challenges under the scope of nanotechnology, nanobiology, power engineering, microelectronics, and adaptive optics. High precision drives are operated within operating loads ensuring elastic strains of the executive electromagnetoelastic transducer. A system designed for the control of micro and nanoscale strains of an electromagnetoelastic transducer. The absolute stability conditions for a system with hysteresis nonlinearity are analytically described by using Yakubovic's absolute stability criterion. The absolute stability conditions obtained for a system can be used for stability estimation and the calculation of the characteristics of the control system.
The use of the solution to the wave equation to construct a generalized structural parametric model of an electromagnetoelastic transducer to determine the effect of its geometry and physical parameters is discussed. High-precision electromechanical drives are operated under working loads ensuring elastic strains of the executive device. Piezoelectric transducers are characterized by high piezoelectric moduli and they are frequently used to produce nanoscale displacements. The solution of the wave equation supplemented with the corresponding electromagnetoelasticity equation and boundary conditions on the transducer's two working surfaces allows to construct a structural parametric model of an electromagnetoelastic transducer. The transfer functions of a piezoelectric transducer are derived from its generalized structural parametric model and are obtained as the ratio of the Laplace transform of the transducer face displacement to the Laplace transform of the input electric parameter.
The electromechanical deformation and energy transformation by nano- and micro-scale piezomotors in longitudinal and transverse
piezo effects are considered. Analytical formulas are obtained for the conversion coefficient and efficiency of the piezomotors.
A study was conducted to prepare a structural parametric model of a pie piezoelectric nanodisplacement transducer. The structural parametric model was prepared to investigate the potential application of the piezoelectric transducer in the equipment of nanotechnology, microbiology, microelectronics, astronomy, for high-precision superposition, compensation, and wavefront correction. It was found that the piezoelectric transducer operates on the basis of the inverse piezoelectric effect, in which a displacement is due to the deformation of the piezoelectric element, caused by the application of an external electric voltage. The wave equations also needed to solved, to construct a structural parametric model of the voltage-controlled piezoelectric transducer.
Structural-parametric model of nanometer-resolution piezomotor
- S M Afonin
Deformation, fracture, and mechanical characteristics of a compound piezoelectric transducer
- S M Afonin
Parametric structure of composite nanometric piezomotor
- S M Afonin
Parametric structural diagram of a piezoelectric converter
- S M Afonin