Article

Assessment of the functional state of the chewing muscles in patients with a changeable bite who use chewing gum

Authors:
To read the full-text of this research, you can request a copy directly from the authors.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION . The relevance of the study is related to the increased uncontrolled consumption of chewing gum by children.AIM. The aim is to study the functional state of masticatory muscles in patients with changeable dentition using chewing gum in different modes. MATERIALS AND METHODS . The study was carried out on 31 children, the average age of whom was 8.5 ± 1.2 years. It is at this age there is an active formation of facial morphology, which is directly related to the activity of the masticatory muscles. Therefore, it is very important to assess the condition of the masticatory musculature in order to timely identify imbalance in muscle activity, hypo and hypertonus of the musculature and to start therapy. Electromyographic study was performed on the Synapsis apparatus. RESULTS . There is a violation of coordination in the work of masticatory muscles with predominance in the work in the right temporal muscle and left proper masticatory muscle. This is due to the fact that additional chewing was present in this group. CONCLUSION . The provided analysis of masticatory function showed that children who frequently use chewing gum have a pronounced discoordination and imbalance in the work of masticatory muscles.

No full-text available

Request Full-text Paper PDF

To read the full-text of this research,
you can request a copy directly from the authors.

ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any citations for this publication.
Article
Full-text available
Chewing gum has been endorsed as a caries preventive agent by the FDI World Dental Federation, the American Dental Association, and the European Food Safety Authority. This review discusses the mechanism and provides an update of the use of chewing gum for caries prevention. Chewing gum typically consists of a water-insoluble gum base, water-soluble added ingredients, and active ingredients. It can be classified as sugar-containing or sugar-free, as well as nonmedicated or medicated. Chewing gum prevents dental caries through a range of mechanisms, including the clearance of the oral cavity, neutralization of oral acidity, inhibition of cariogenic bacterial growth, remineralization of enamel, and reduction of appetite. Recent clinical studies have evaluated the efficacy of sugar-free chewing gum for caries prevention, with most demonstrating positive results, although some studies have reported contradictory outcomes. To achieve optimal caries prevention, it is generally recommended that individuals chew sugar-free gum for five minutes after meals, three times daily.
Article
Full-text available
Introduction Molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a qualitative defect of dental enamel that affects one or more permanent first molars, with or without involvement of the incisor teeth. This condition leads to challenges to dental care and treatment planning. Aim Based on the hypothesis that children who have MIH possibly present alterations in postural and masticatory activities and considering the absence of studies investigating these parameters, the present study evaluated the functionality of the stomatognathic system considering the mentioned aspects. Materials The comparison of individuals with (MIHG; n = 32) and without MIH (CG; n = 32) was evaluated by electromyographic activity of the masseter and temporal muscles (right and left), as well as evaluation of the masticatory cycles during habitual mastication. Results MIHG showed muscle hyperactivity in postural and dynamic conditions compared to the CG; higher electromyographic values for MIHG when compared to CG in the following postural conditions: at rest for the right temporal (p = 0.00) and left temporal muscles (p = 0.03); in the protrusion to the right temporal muscle (p = 0.02); in the right laterality for the right masseter (p = 0.00) and left temporal muscles (p = 0.01); in the left laterality for the right masseter (p = 0.03) and left temporal (p = 0.04) muscles. In dynamic conditions with consistent food, significance was observed for the left temporal (p = 0.01); and with soft food for the right (p = 0.01) and left temporal muscles (p = 0.04). Conclusions Children with MIH seem to have impaired functionality of the stomatognathic system. Children with MIH have alterations in the stomatognathic system.
Article
Full-text available
Abstract Background Due to the multifactorial aetiology and unpredictable long-term stability, skeletal anterior open bite (SAOB) is one of the most intractable conditions for orthodontists. The abnormal orofacial myofunctional status (OMS) may be a major risk factor contributing to the development and relapse of SAOB. This study is aimed at evaluating the OMS and the efficacy of orofacial myofunctional therapy (OMT) alone for SAOB subjects. Methods Eighteen adolescents with SAOB (4 males, 14 females; age: 12–18 years) and eighteen adolescents with normal occlusion (2 males, 16 females; age: 12–18 years) were selected. The electromyographic activity (EMGA) associated with mastication and closed mouth state was measured. Lateral cephalography was used to evaluate craniofacial morphology. Wilcoxon signed rank tests and t-tests were performed to evaluate myofunctional and morphological differences. Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlations between EMGA and morphological characteristics. SAOB subjects were given OMT for 3 months, and the EMGA was compared between before and after OMT. Results During rest, anterior temporalis activity (TAA) and mentalis muscle activity (MEA) increased in SAOB subjects, but TAA and masseter muscle activity (MMA) decreased in the intercuspal position (ICP); and upper orbicularis activity (UOA) and MEA significantly increased during lip sealing and swallowing (P
Article
Full-text available
Objective: To investigate the effects of food hardness on chewing behavior in children compared with adults. Materials and methods: Healthy children (3–17 years) were equally divided into five groups based on their dental eruption stages. Each participant ate soft and hard viscoelastic test food models (3 each), while the three-dimensional jaw movements and electromyographic (EMG) activity of the bilateral masseter muscles were recorded. The data from the children were compared with a control group of healthy adults (18–35 years). The data were analyzed with nonparametric tests. Results: There was no significant difference in the number of chewing cycles and the duration of the chewing sequence between children groups and adults. Children with primary dentition (3–5 years) showed shorter lateral jaw movement and higher muscle activity at the end of the chewing sequence, compared with adults. Further, children’s age-groups (3–14 years) failed to adapt their jaw muscle activity to food hardness. However, at the late-permanent dentition stage (15–17 years), children were capable of performing adult-like chewing behavior. Conclusions: Overall, it seems that children as young as 3-year-old are quite competent in performing basic chewing function similar to adults. Yet, there are differences in the anticipation or adaption of jaw muscle activity and jaw kinematics to food hardness. Clinical relevance: The study may have clinical implication in the diagnosis and management of children with chewing impairment associated with dental malocclusions and other orofacial dysfunctions.
Article
Relevance. In children, muscle hypertonia, including sustained stiffness of the chewing muscles, accompanies the spastic form of cerebral palsy. Considering hypertonia severity is necessary to develop treatment tactics and schemes. This paper proposes a reasonable criterion-based assessment of the above pathology severity based on clinical and functional examination data. Material and methods. To develop grading of muscle hypertonia severity, we examined 30 children with spastic cerebral palsy and 30 healthy children of the same age to obtain normalized parameters. Based on the questionnaire data, the study analyzed the functions of chewing, swallowing, and speech formation, assessed the condition of the hard dental tissues by clinical examination, and obtained active and passive mouth-opening data. Electromyography calculated the average amplitude of the right and left temporal and masticatory muscles and the total biopotential. Results . Clinical and functional evaluation data showed a direct correlation. The more complex the situation in the oral cavity was, the higher the amplitude of the chewing muscles was. Conclusion . The correlation allowed the development of the criterion-based assessment of moderate and significant masticatory muscle hypertonia severity, which management of this patient type should consider.
Article
Purpose: To demonstrate the effect of an orofacial myofunctional therapy intervention by an interdisciplinary team composed of a registered dental hygienist who is also a certified orofacial myologist (COM®), a general dentist, and an orthodontist on the elimination of oral habits and changes in dental malocclusion. Method: This case study describes a 7-year-old female who underwent an individualized myofunctional therapy program and was given supervised education on a series of exercises targeting the muscles of mastication and facial expression over 5 months. Correct oral rest postures of the tongue and the lips were also established through therapy. Results: The intervention enabled the client to eliminate multiple oral habits, which corrected oral rest postures of the lips and tongue. This correction consequently improved the client's malocclusion and further prepared the client for future orthodontic treatment. Conclusion: Myofunctional therapy facilitated the elimination of unfavourable oral habits that led to malocclusion. Eliminating oral habits better prepared the client for orthodontic treatment and retention. Use of an interdisciplinary team facilitates optimal client care.
Article
Relevance. The modern development of practical dentistry and the emergence of new techniques and methods of diagnosis and treatment determine the necessity and expediency of studying the anatomical features of the head, skull, structure of dental arches, and dental segments in general. Knowledge of the patterns and characteristics of the skull structure and their relationship with morphometric, clinical and functional parameters will allow the diagnosis of various forms of maxillofacial disorders based on comorbidity. Materials and methods. The study examined 30 children aged 6 to 12 y.o. to determine the relationship between the type of face and the state of the chewing muscles in children with cerebral palsy. Maxillofacial anthropometric measurements were made, e.g., the bitragional length (t-t) and the distance between the tragion and subnasale landmarks (t-sn); the gnathic index of the face was calculated, and the mouth opening range was measured. The surface electromyography determined the mean biopotential amplitude of the right and left proper masticatory and temporal muscles using the "bruxism" test. Results. The anthropometric measurement data indicate the prevalence of a brachygnathic facial type in children with cerebral palsy. The electromyographic study data evidence spasticity of the masticatory muscles. Conclusion. The obtained data indicate functional overload of the chewing muscles. Masticatory muscles' hypertonicity determined the brachygnathic facial type in children with cerebral palsy.
Article
Relevance . Relevance. Cerebral palsy is a persistent lesion of the nervous system. Though it is stable, the consequences of the lesion are progressing. Muscle hypertonicity is one of the principal complications which may progress. The spasticity of chewing muscles limits mouth opening, which prevents the children from practising good oral hygiene and results in multiple dental diseases. Such patients need dental care with a specific approach. The relief of masticatory muscle hypertonicity should be a priority. Nowadays, there is a large variety of methods for treating spasticity.The study aimed to comparatively analyse the effectiveness of methods for relieving masticatory muscle hypertonicity in children with cerebral palsy. Materials and methods . The patients formed two groups: the first group used kinesio taping to reduce spasticity, and the second group was prescribed adaptive chewing muscles exercises combined with the gnathic device. The study evaluated the clinical results using the developed screening diagnosis and functional results by electromyographic examination after 14 days and three months. Results . Both groups showed positive treatment routcomes. Children demonstrated significant improvement clinically and electromyographically. However, the short-term observation discovered a faster effect of kinesio taping, though the differences were not statistically significant. Adaptive chewing muscles exercises combined with the gnathic device are more effective in the long run, which statistical analysis of data reliably ref lects. Conclusion . The study reliably proved the need to include both kinesio taping and adaptive myofunctional exercises in the treatment to relieve muscle hypertonicity. There were no side effects or complications. Treatment planning requires an individual approach based on the clinical situation .
Article
Objective To verify the difference between the masticatory muscles’ electrical activity, stress signals and the posture of preadolescents and adolescents with and without temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD). Methods 24 preadolescents and adolescents aged between 11 and 18 years old were divided into two groups, TMD group (TMDG) and control group (CG). All subjects were submitted to anthropometric measurements, psychological stress analysis, temporomandibular joint clinical evaluation and TMD verification; postural evaluation and masseter and temporal muscles electrical activity analysis during chewing. For statistical analysis, the Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U test were used according to data distribution. Results There was a significant difference between the groups for the electrical activity of the right temporal muscles (7.43% ± 2.92 vs. 11.71% ± 5.37) and left (7.70% ± 4.04 vs.11.44% ± 4.03) in the inactive period of chewing between CG and TMDG, respectively. There was no difference in stress or posture variables between groups. Conclusions During the inactive period of chewing, there was greater activation of the temporal muscles in the TMDG. Female gender was prevalent in TMDG. The study participants showed signs of stress, regardless of the group. The posture and TMD relationship still need to be studied.
Article
Ontogenetic changes in the human masticatory complex suggest that bite force, a key measure of chewing performance, increases throughout growth and development. Current published bite force values for humans exist for molar and incisal biting, but few studies measure bite forces across all tooth types, or measure bite force potentials in subjects of different ages. In the absence of live data, models of bite force such as the Constrained Lever Model (CLM), are employed to predict bite force at different bite points for adults, but it is unclear whether such a model can accurately predict bite force potentials for juveniles or subadults. This study compares theoretically derived bite forces and live bite force data, and places these within an ontogenetic context in humans. Specifically, we test whether (1) patterns of maximum bite force increase along the tooth row throughout ontogeny, (2) bite force patterns estimated using the CLM match patterns observed from live bite force data, and (3) changes in bite forces along the tooth row and throughout ontogeny are associated with concomitant changes in adductor muscle leverage. Our findings show that maximum bite forces increase throughout ontogeny and change along the tooth row, with the highest forces occurring at the posterior dentition. These findings adhere to the expectations under the CLM and validate the model’s utility in predicting bite force values throughout development. Furthermore, adductor muscle leverage values reflect this pattern, with the greatest leverage values occurring at the posterior dentition throughout ontogeny. The CLM informs our study of mammalian chewing mechanics by providing a model of how morphological changes of the masticatory apparatus during ontogeny affect bite force distribution along the tooth row. Furthermore, the decreased bite force magnitudes observed in juveniles and subadults compared with adults suggest that differences in juvenile and subadult diets may partially be due to differences in bite force production potentials. Using humans as a model, we measured how maximum bite forces changed across the tooth row throughout ontogeny. We found that the highest forces are produced by the posterior dentition, which supports the predictions under the Constrained Lever Model. By comparing live bite force data to predicted values from this model, we validated its utility to predict bite forces throughout growth and further contribute to our understanding of how the growing masticatory system produces increased bite force.
Functional condition of masticatory muscles in children during the early transitional dentition Clinical Dentistry (Russia)
  • С А Попов
  • Е А Сатыго
  • S A Popov
  • E A Satygo
Попов С.А., Сатыго Е.А. Функциональное состояние жевательных мышц у детей в раннем сменном прикусе. Клиническая стоматология. 2011;(1):57-59. Popov S.A., Satygo E.A. Functional condition of masticatory muscles in children during the early transitional dentition Clinical Dentistry (Russia). 2011;(1):57-59.
A. Characteristics of bioelectric parameters of chewing and supralingual muscles proper in children with physiological and distal occlusion
  • I V Kosolapova
  • E V Dorokhov
  • M E Kovalenko
  • Yu Ippolitov
Electromyographic indicators of masticatory muscles in children with cerebral palsy. Certificate of state registration of the database No
  • Makedonova A Yu
  • A A Vorobyev
  • A V Alexandrov
  • A N Osyko
  • A G Pavlova-Adamovich
Makedonova Yu.A., Vorobyev A.A., Alexandrov A.V., Osyko A.N., Pavlova-Adamovich A.G. Electromyographic indicators of masticatory muscles in children with cerebral palsy. Certificate of state registration of the database No. RU2021621050 dated 21.05.2021. (In Russ.).
Poroshin A.V. The relationship between the facial type and the state of chewing muscles in children with cerebral palsy. Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Prophylaxis
  • Ю А Македонова
  • А А Воробьев
  • А Г Павлова-Адамович
  • А Н Осыко
  • А В Порошин
Македонова Ю.А., Воробьев А.А., Павлова-Адамович А.Г., Осыко А.Н., Порошин А.В. Взаимосвязь типа лица и состояния жевательной мускулатуры у детей с ДЦП. Стоматология детского возраста и профилактика. 2023;23(1):56-61. https://doi.org/10.33925/1683-3031-2023-586 Makedonova Yu.A., Vorobev A.A., Pavlova-Adamovich A.G., Osyko A.N., Poroshin A.V. The relationship between the facial type and the state of chewing muscles in children with cerebral palsy. Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Prophylaxis. 2023;23(1):56-61. (In Russ.) https:// doi.org/10.33925/1683-3031-2023-586
Devyatchenko L.A. Criterion-based assessment of masticatory muscle hypertonia severity in children with cerebral palsy. Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Prophylaxis
  • Ю А Македонова
  • А А Воробьев
  • А Г Павлова-Адамович
  • О Ю Афанасьева
  • О Н Филимонова
Македонова Ю.А., Воробьев А.А., Павлова-Адамович А.Г., Афанасьева О.Ю., Филимонова О.Н., Девятченко Л.А. Критериальная оценка степени выраженности гипертонуса жевательной мускулатуры у детей с ДЦП. Стоматология детского возраста и профилактика. 2023;23(3):219-226. https://doi. org/10.33925/1683-3031-2023-643 Makedonova Yu.A., Vorobev A.A., Pavlova-Adamovich A.G., Afanasyeva O.Yu., Filimonova O.N., Devyatchenko L.A. Criterion-based assessment of masticatory muscle hypertonia severity in children with cerebral palsy. Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Prophylaxis. 2023;23(3):219-226. (In Russ.) https://doi. org/10.33925/1683-3031-2023-643
Срав-нительный анализ эффективности методов купирования гипертонуса жевательных мышц у детей с детским церебральным параличом
  • Ю А Македонова
  • А А Воробьев
  • А Н Осыко
  • А В Александров
  • А Г Павлова-Адамович
  • С М Гаценко
Македонова Ю.А., Воробьев А.А., Осыко А.Н., Александров А.В., Павлова-Адамович А.Г., Гаценко С.М. Срав-нительный анализ эффективности методов купирования гипертонуса жевательных мышц у детей с детским церебральным параличом. Пародонтология. 2022;27(4):327-335. https://doi.org/10.33925/1683-3759-2022-27-4-327-335
Характеристика биоэлектрических параметров собственно жевательных и надподъязычных мышц у детей с физиологической и дистальной окклюзией. Прикладные информационные аспекты медицины
  • И В Косолапова
  • Е В Дорохов
  • М Э Коваленко
  • Ю А Ипполитов
  • I V Kosolapova
  • E V Dorokhov
  • M E Kovalenko
  • Yu Ippolitov
Косолапова И.В., Дорохов Е.В., Коваленко М.Э., Ипполитов Ю.А. Характеристика биоэлектрических параметров собственно жевательных и надподъязычных мышц у детей с физиологической и дистальной окклюзией. Прикладные информационные аспекты медицины. 2022;25(3):4-13. Режим доступа: https:// new.vestnik-surgery.com/index.php/2070-9277/article/ view/7912 (дата обращения: 06.01.2024). Kosolapova I.V., Dorokhov E.V., Kovalenko M.E., Ippolitov Yu.A. Characteristics of bioelectric parameters of chewing and supralingual muscles proper in children with physiological and distal occlusion. Applied Information Aspects of Medicine. 2022;25(3):4-13. (In Russ.). Available at: https://new.vestnik-surgery.com/ index.php/2070-9277/article/view/7912 (accessed: 06.01.2024).
Павлова-Адамович А.Г. Электромиографические показатели жевательных мышц у детей с детским церебральным параличом. Свидетельство о государственной регистрации базы данных
  • Ю А Македонова
  • А А Воробьев
  • А В Александров
  • А Н Осыко
Македонова Ю.А., Воробьев А.А., Александров А.В., Осыко А.Н., Павлова-Адамович А.Г. Электромиографические показатели жевательных мышц у детей с детским церебральным параличом. Свидетельство о государственной регистрации базы данных RU2021621050 от 21.05.2021.
Kabytova -Associate Professor of the Department of Dentistry
  • V Maria
Maria V. Kabytova -Associate Professor of the Department of Dentistry, Volgograd State Medical University,
Tkalina -Postgraduate Student
  • Ksenia Yu
Ksenia Yu. Tkalina -Postgraduate Student, Volgograd State Medical University, 1 Pavshih Borcov Sq, Volgograd 400131, Russian Federation; https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0860-0537
Russian Federation; Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Innovative Methods of Rehabilitation and Habilitation
  • A Yuliya
  • Makedonova -Dr
  • Sci
Yuliya A. Makedonova -Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Dentistry, Volgograd State Medical University, 1 Pavshih Borcov Sq, Volgograd 400131, Russian Federation; Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Innovative Methods of Rehabilitation and Habilitation, Volgograd Medical Scientific Center, 1 Pavshih Borcov Sq, Volgograd 400131, Russian Federation; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5546-8570
Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Surgical Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Elena N Iarygina -Cand
  • Sci
Elena N. Iarygina -Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Surgical Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Volgograd State Medical University, 1 Pavshih Borcov Sq, Volgograd 400131, Russian Federation; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8478-9648
Devyatchenko -Associate Professor of the Department of Dentistry
  • A Lilia
Lilia A. Devyatchenko -Associate Professor of the Department of Dentistry, Volgograd State Medical University,
Kabytova-statistical analisys
  • V Maria
Maria V. Kabytova-statistical analisys.
Tkalina -critically for important intellectual content
  • Ksenia Yu
Ksenia Yu. Tkalina -critically for important intellectual content.
Makedonova -approved the version to be published
  • A Yuliya
Yuliya A. Makedonova -approved the version to be published.
Iarygina -acquisition, analysis, interpretation of data for the article
  • N Elena
Elena N. Iarygina -acquisition, analysis, interpretation of data for the article.
Devyatchenko -clinical study, the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the article
  • A Lilia
Lilia A. Devyatchenko -clinical study, the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the article.