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Kebijakan Fiskal Pemerintah dalam Mengatasi Inflasi Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Islam
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fiscal policy yang diterapkan pemerintah untuk mengatasi inflasi pada saat Pandemi Covid-19 dalam tinjauan ekonomi..islam. Penelitian ini menghasilkan kebijakan fiskal yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah untuk menekan laju inflasi adalah (1) meningkatkan Government Expenditure (2) Kebijakan insentif dan restitusi pajak (3) Kebijkan refocusing APBN dan penghematan anggaran (4) fiscal policy yang dilakukan pemerintah dalam mengatasi inflasi pada saat wabah covid-19 telah sesuai maqashid syariah karena ditujukan untuk kemashlatan dan menghindari kemudharatan (5) kebijakan fiskal yang pernah dilakukan oleh Khalifah Umar ibn Khattab mempunyai relevansi untuk bisa diterapkan dalam instrumen fiskal dalam rangka penanganan Pandemi Covid-19 karena kebijakan penarikan zakat Umar ibn Khattab menerapkan prinsip taisir dalam hal objek zakat dan waktu pemungutan zakat.
... Hal tersebut tentunya akan berdampak negatif pada pertumbuhan ekonomi. Dalam penelitian (Putro & Fageh, 2022) menyebutkan bahwa instrumen UMKM juga merupakan faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekonomi. Ketika terjadi krisis ekonomi 1998, hanya sektor UMKM yang bertahan dari kolapsnya ekonomi, sementara sektor yang lebih besar justru tumbang oleh krisis. ...
Economic growth describes an increase in the standard of living as measured by real output per person. Economic growth is often associated with the process of increasing the production capacity of an economy which is manifested in the form of an increase in national income. In this study, this study uses a quantitative research type. Quantitative research is conducted by analyzing numbers that are measured and calculated using mathematical or statistical tools. Data in the form of numbers will be processed using mathematical or statistical tools to obtain information behind the numbers. The data used in this study were obtained from statistical reports from BPS, BAZNAS and the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs on the official websites of each institution. The results of this study found that zakat and MSMEs have an effect on economic growth in Indonesia, while inflation has no effect in this study.
... Salah satu kebijakan fiskal berupa perngeluaran pemerintah bisa berdampak positif pada peningkatan Produk Domestik Bruto. Sedangkan kebijakan pemerintah berupa peningkatan pajak bisa berdampak pada penurunan Produk Domestik Bruto (Putro & Fageh, 2022). ...
Financial problems, the allocation of financial funds, expenditures or state expenditures, are often a conversation that we all can’t avoid in Indonesia. Fiscal Policy is a policy that regulates the income and expenditure of state finances. Umar bin Khattab is famous for his expertise in managing the economy during his resign. He formulated state income APBN polices such as kharja and ushr through his ijtihad. He succeeded in creasing his income and trying to avoid a budget deficit by maximizing income. For state spending, Umar made expenditures to meet the needs of the people, in accordance with Islamic religious law. Expenditures used as a tool for retribution of wealth. How is the relevance of Caliph Umar’s policy to the existing fiscal policy in Indonesia. In terms meanwhile,in terms os state spending, there are some that are suitable to be applied in Indonesia, such as the benefits provided during the Umar administration, namely pension benefits.
... Hal ini diatur dalam suatu kebijakan yang dilakukan pemerintah untuk mengarahkan perekonomian ke arah yang lebih baik yang disebut dengan kebijakan fiskal (Syamsuri dan Jamilah, 2020). Beberapa fungsi kebijakan fiskal yaitu menjaga stabilitas ekonomi makro, mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap bantuan luar negeri, dan meningkatkan pendapatan per kapita (Putro dan Fageh, 2022) (Aji dan Wijayanti, 2010). Penerimaan APBN di Indonesia terdiri dari pajak, Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak (PNBP), dan hibah. ...
In the past half-decade, Indonesia encountered its highest budget deficit in 2022, amounting to IDR 464.3 trillion or 2.38% of the nation's GDP, as reported by the Ministry of Finance. To counteract this, the government formulates the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBN) annually, serving as a pivotal tool for national welfare and economic governance. Governed by fiscal policy, APBN orchestrates government revenue and spending to propel economic enhancement. This paper scrutinizes the efficacy of sukuk as a deficit financing alternative, considering policies, implementation strategies, targeting precision, and procedural efficiency. The study, covering the period from 2018 to 2023, accentuates sukuk's resilience amidst economic uncertainties. Key determinants of sukuk effectiveness include well-aligned policies with national objectives, collaborative execution involving diverse stakeholders, congruence with targeted goals, and streamlined processes adhering to legislative frameworks. The research further delves into the varied spectrum of sukuk instruments traded in the market, distinguishing between tradable and non-tradeable categories. Tradable sukuk exhibit liquidity advantages, while non-tradable sukuk offer price stability. Indonesia's substantial growth in sukuk from 2020 to January 2023 underscores its potential in a predominantly Muslim-populated country. This research method is qualitative with a literature study approach obtained from secondary data. The results of this research are that sukuk is very effective as an alternative financing method. This is proven by an increase in total assets in 2022 amounting to IDR 131.46 trillion from 68 issuers and there were 512 recorded emissions using a circulating nominal value of IDR 459.15 trillion and US$ 47.5 million
Optimal financial report quality is when the report provides significant benefits and meets all expected qualitative characteristics. It is noted that a high frequency of transactions occurs in Small and Medium Enterprises. It is also not easy for them to record transactions. Previous studies have shown that the utilization of accounting software in MSMEs is necessary to improve the timeliness and timely and accurate financial statements. In Bogor City, improving the quality of financial reports in MSMEs is inseparable from the City Government's efforts in implementing the applicable Financial Accounting Standards (SAK) and Government Accounting Standards (SAP), by utilizing accounting information systems. The implementation of these information systems is an important step in ensuring quality financial reports, given the importance of public accountability in government financial reporting. By using the DeLone and McLean Information Systems Success Model method as well as a quantitative descriptive approach and Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Squares (SEM PLS), primary data were collected through questionnaires addressed to Halal MSMEs in Bogor City. The results showed that system quality did not have a significant impact on perceived benefits. Likewise, information quality has no effect on perceived benefits. System quality also has no significant impact on end-user satisfaction; however, information quality is shown to make a positive contribution to end-user satisfaction. Nonetheless, perceived benefits did not have a positive impact on end-user satisfaction. End-user satisfaction, in turn, had a significant influence on system usage.
The effect of the Coronavirus pandemic has enormously affected financial development. The presence of wellbeing quarantine strategies, social removing, as well as Huge Scope Social Limitations (PSBB) has extraordinarily affected exercises in the travel industry and assembling areas, making financial development delayed down. A diminished labor force, expanded joblessness and destitution will cause state incomes as personal duty (PPh) to diminish. Shortage and postpones in unrefined substances from China can make item costs rise and trigger expansion. This exploration was directed utilizing unmistakable subjective strategies, with information assortment methods and writing surveys. The public authority's financial strategy to accomplish state income targets is amending charge income targets, rearranging state income allotments in the 2020 APBN and executing advanced charges for exercises by means of electronic media. From the consumption side, the public authority will pull together and update the financial plan to decrease the APBN shortage to assist with funding the public authority which has done 3 spending plan upgrades.
This research aims to analyze the policy of zakah gathering of Umar bin Khattab and to relevance it with the condition or crisis period of Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This research uses qualitative method of descriptive approach with content analysis techniques and library research. The results showed several things. Firstly, among the policy forms of Umar ibn Khattab in zakah gathering are: (1) Umar bin Khattab allowed to take the badal (substitute) from zakah as an element of ease (taisir) for the Muzaki; (2) Umar bin Khattab is very flexible in taking zakat from Muslims, especially in certain conditions and situations. Secondly, the various policies of Umar ibn Khattab have strong relevance to the current Covid-19 pandemic crisis, so that it can be a reference to establishing a zakah policy in Indonesia.
Penelitiann ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak pandemi covid-19 terhadap perekonomian di Indonesia, terutama pada kenaikan tingkat inflasi. Memperhatikan banyaknya sumber daya manusia yang terkena PHK, penurunan gaji besar-besaran, rusaknya hasil pertanian, perternakan dan perikanan membuat sumber daya alam menjadi terbatas namun permintaan terus bertambah. Selain itu, bersaingnya nilai mata uang rupiah terhadap nilai uang dolar amerika. Dalam penelitian ini kami menggunakan inflasi dari perspektif islam. Inflasi dalam perspektif Islam terbagi menjadi dua yaitu natural inflation dan human error inflation. Natural inflation merupakan inflasi yang diakibatkan oleh faktor alam dan kejadiannya di luar kuasa manusia. Sedangkan human error inflation merupakan inflasi yang diakibatkan karena kesalahan manusia, kesalahan itu antara lain korupsi dan administrasi yang buruk, pajak yang berlebihan, peningkatan sirkulasi mata uang fulus.
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