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Au vu des éléments issus de parties opposées du spectre d’interprétation des
études sur le Nutri-Score : la suggestion de l’existence d’un biais de publication ne
peut être niée
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1 Nederlandse Zuivel Organisatie (NZO)/Dutch Dairy Association, Benoordenhoutseweg 46, 2596 BC La Haye, Pays-Bas
2 Food Safety & Nutrition Consultancy, 3703 EE Zeist, Pays-Bas
3 National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark. Kemitorvet 201, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Danemark
4 Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), University of Ulster, Coleraine BT52 1SA, R.-U.
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RÉSUMÉ
Contexte!5!6$!78.8!91#*3:";8*$!'%%8+0!+1*!7'!<';$!'='(#!>$+!$2?'77'.$+!'732$(#'3*$+!
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Méthodes!5!981+!'=8(+!*0;$22$(#!%1?730!(8#*$!'*#3;7$!3(#3#170!5!!L!6$!91#*3:";8*$!$#!7$+!
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Résultats!5!!
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Discussion!5!J'(+!7C$(+$2?7$@!7$+!>8((0$+!%*8?'(#$+!>3+%8(3?7$+!+8(#!;7'3*$2$(#!
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Mots-clés : Logo de la face avant des emballages ; FOPL ; Nutri-Score ; Biais de
publication ; Revue
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Faits marquants
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• Nous avons récemment publié un article concernant la validation et l’efficacité du
Nutri-Score par rapport à l’affiliation des auteurs et aux résultats d’études et
avons découverts à ce sujet d’importants biais de publication.
• La plupart des études qui soutiennent le Nutri-Score sont réalisées par les
développeurs du Nutri-Score.
• Par ailleurs, la majorité des études qui sont réalisées indépendamment des
développeurs du Nutri-Score ont montré des résultats défavorables.
• Il n’existe pas suffisamment de données probantes scientifiques pour soutenir
l’utilisation du Nutri-Score comme outil de santé publique efficace.
• C’est pourquoi, il convient de mener des travaux de recherches supplémentaires
afin de justifier ou de réfuter l’efficacité du Nutri-Score.
• De plus, les auteurs en lien avec les développeurs du Nutri-Score, peut-être
ironiquement, mais essentiellement, ont confirmé notre analyse : il existe un biais
de publication par rapport à l’affiliation.
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1. Introduction
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2. Nos conclusions comparées à celles de l’article de réfutation.
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3. Divergence d’interprétation des études scientifiques
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3(#0*\#+!0;8(82341$+!'1!>0#*32$(#!>$!7'!+'(#0!%1?7341$!M!$#!(81+!+822$+!%*0+$(#0+!
;822$!>$+!L!78??A3+#$+!MD!981+!(C'=8(+@!;$%$(>'(#@!F'2'3+!$1!7C8;;'+38(!>$!(81+!
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41$!(8+!'*#3;7$+!%$*2$##*8(#!>$!<'3*$!#81#$!7'!7123B*$!K!;$!+1F$#!$#!41C1($!'*.12$(#'#38(!
+;3$(#3H41$!H'?7$!7C$2%8*#$!+1*!7C'I373'#38(!$#!7$!;8(#$G#$D!68*+41C37!$+#!41$+#38(!
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+822$+!>$+!+;3$(#3H41$+!$(.'.0+!413!<8(#!%*$++38(!%81*!8?#$(3*!1(!0#341$#'.$!%*0;3+!
'%%8+0!+1*!7'!<';$!'='(#!>$+!$2?'77'.$+D!
!
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+822$+!*$;8(('3++'(#+!>1!+81#3$(!41$!(81+!'=8(+!*$j1!K!;$!+1F$#D!
!
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F1+#3H;'#38(!+;3$(#3H41$!';#1$77$!+81+:F';$(#$!'1!91#*3:";8*$D!981+!($!;8(;718(+!%'+!
$(!>0<'=$1*!81!($!>3+;*0>3#8(+!%'+!7$!91#*3:";8*$@!2'3+!(81+!'=8(+!%81*!8?F$#!>$!
28(#*$*!7'!(0;$++3#0!>C'20738*$*!7'!F1+#3H;'#38(!+;3$(#3H41$!>'(+!7'41$77$!37!2'(41$!
>$1G!'*.12$(#+!$++$(#3$7+D!d(!%*$23$*!73$1@!37!(C$G3+#$!'1;1($!>8((0$!%*8?'(#$!*$7'#3=$!
K!7C$I3;';3#0!>1!91#*3:";8*$!$(!=3$!*0$77$!eV@Qf!$#@!$(!+$;8(>!73$1@!7$!91#*3:";8*$!%*0+$(#$!
1(!;8(#*'+#$!#*8%!32%8*#'(#!%'*!*'%%8*#!'1G!*$;822'(>'#38(+!(1#*3#38(($77$+!$(!#$*2$+!
>C'732$(#+!eQVfD!J$!%71+@!;822$!3(>3410!>'(+!7C'*#3;7$!%'*1!>'(+!)&'*2'91#*3#38(@!(81+!
*$;822'(>8(+!>8(;!41$!7$!91#*3:";8*$@!'='(#!+8(!7'(;$2$(#!$(!d1*8%$@!<'++$!7C8?F$#!
>C1($!0='71'#38(!%'*!1($!'1#8*3#0!+;3$(#3H41$!3(>0%$(>'(#$!$(!2'#3B*$!>C'732$(#+!
;822$!7Cd^"]D!!
!
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+;3$(#3H41$@!7C0='71'#38(!>1!>0=$78%%$2$(#!+;3$(#3H41$!$#!7'!23+$!K!F81*!>$+!$**$1*+!
%*0+$(#$+!>'(+!7C'7.8*3#&2$!>83=$(#!\#*$!2$(0+!%'*!1(!+$17!.*81%$!>C$G%$*#+D!!
!
5. Conclusion
!
E822$!7C3(>341$!(8#*$!'*#3;7$!%'*1!>'(+!)&'*2'91#*3#38(@@!7$+!%1?73;'#38(+!*0'73+0$+!
%'*!7$+!>0=$78%%$1*+!>1!91#*3:";8*$!+8(#!%*$+41$!#81#$+!<'=8*'?7$+!'1!91#*3:+;8*$!OlQ!
'*#3;7$+!+1*!lvU@!$#!>'(+!7'!*0<1#'#38(!VSS!u!>$!7$1*+!'*#3;7$+!+8(#!$(!<'=$1*!>$!;$!78.8D!
68*+41$!7C8(!;8(+3>B*$!7$+!+;3$(#3H41$+!413!8(#!0='710!7$!91#*3:";8*$!$#!413!+8(#!
3(>0%$(>'(#+!81!413!($!+8(#!%'+!'I3730+!'1G!>0=$78%%$1*+!>1!91#*3:";8*$@!7'!*0%'*#3#38(!
>$+!*0+17#'#+!L!<'=8*'?7$+!M!81!L!>0<'=8*'?7$+!M!$+#!>C$(=3*8(!lSxlS@!;$!413!+$!*'%%*8;&$!
7$!%71+!>$+!;'7;17+!>$!%*8?'?373#0D!!
!
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%1?73;'#38(!($!%$1#!\#*$!(30$D!EC$+#!%81*4183@!$(!;8(;71+38(!H('7$!+1*!7C$I3;';3#0!>1!
91#*3:";8*$@!>$+!0#1>$+!+;3$(#3H41$+!+1%%702$(#'3*$+!$#!#8#'7$2$(#!3(>0%$(>'(#$+@!
'3(+3!41C1($!0='71'#38(!3(>0%$(>'(#$!+1*!7$!91#*3:";8*$!+8(#!(0;$++'3*$+D!
!
Déclaration de contribution des auteurs CRediT
"D!)D!5!;8(;$%#1'73+'#38(!b!;1*'#38(!>$+!>8((0$+!b!'('7A+$!<8*2$77$!b!20#&8>878.3$!b!
='73>'#38(!b!=3+1'73+'#38(!b!*p7$+x*0>';#38(!:!=$*+38(!3(3#3'7$!b!*0>';#38(!:!*0=3+38(!$#!
0>3#38(D!,D!-D!5!;8(;$%#1'73+'#38(!b!;1*'#38(!>$+!>8((0$+!b!'('7A+$!<8*2$77$!b!
20#&8>878.3$!b!='73>'#38(!b!=3+1'73+'#38(!b!*p7$+x*0>';#38(!:!=$*+38(!3(3#3'7$!b!*0>';#38(!:!
*0=3+38(!$#!0>3#38(D!
!
!
Déclaration des intérêts concurrents
"D!)D!8;;1%$!1(!%8+#$!'1!+$3(!>$!7C]++8;3'#38(!7'3#3B*$!(0$*7'(>'3+$@!9$>$*7'(>+$!w13=$7!
_*.'(3+'#3$D!,D!-D!3(#$*=3$(#!$(!41'73#0!>$!;8(+$377$*!3(>0%$(>'(#!'1!+$3(!>$!7'!^88>!
"'<$#A!P!91#*3#38(!E8(+17#'(;A!O)'A+:g'+U!$#!>0#3$(#!1($!;&'3*$!K!7Cr(3=$*+3#0!#$;&(341$!
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(C'!;877'?8*0!81!($!;877'?8*$!'=$;!7$+!>0=$78%%$1*+!>1!91#*3:";8*$D!,D!-D!$+#!2$2?*$!
>1!E8(+$37!3(#$*('#38('7!>$!7'!E&83;$+!n(#$*('#38('7!^81(>'#38(!>$%13+!QSQWD!"D!%D!$#!,D!
-D!0#'3$(#@!F1+41CK!QSVl@!#81+!>$1G!2$2?*$+!>1!E823#0!+;3$(#3H41$!3(>0%$(>'(#!'1G!
)'A+:g'+!+81#$('(#!7C'(;3$(!78.8!+1*!7$!>$='(#!>$+!$2?'77'.$+!L!,$#!-3(aF$!MD!6$+!
'1#$1*+!>0;7'*$(#!41$!7$+!#*'='1G!>$!*$;&$*;&$!8(#!0#0!2$(0+!$(!7C'?+$(;$!>$!#81#$!
*$7'#38(!;822$*;3'7$!81!H('(;3B*$!413!'1*'3#!%1!\#*$!%$*j1$!;822$!1(!;8([3#!>C3(#0*\#!
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)'A+:g'+!+1*!7$+!78.8+!'%%8+0+!+1*!7$+!<';$+!'='(#!>$+!$2?'77'.$+!$(!;8(#*3?1'(#!K!7'!
*$<8*217'#38(!>$+!%*8>13#+!$#!'1G!;8(;$*#'#38(+!*$7'#3=$+!K!7C0#341$#'.$!'%%8+0!+1*!7'!
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"%8*#+D!
!
Disponibilité des données
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'1#*$!41$!7'!73##0*'#1*$!';;$++3?7$!'1!%1?73;!=3'!)1?Y$>D!!
!
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