Available via license: CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Content may be subject to copyright.
Essais
Revue interdisciplinaire d’Humanités
21 | 2024
Linguistique et interdisciplinarité
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet
d’humanités numériques. Édition et cartographie
hypertextuelle de réécritures
Focus on the linguistic processing of a digital humanities project. Editing
and hypertextual cartography of rewritings
Karolina Suchecka et Nathalie Gasiglia
Édition électronique
URL : https://journals.openedition.org/essais/13158
DOI : 10.4000/essais.13158
ISSN : 2276-0970
Éditeur
École doctorale Montaigne Humanités
Référence électronique
Karolina Suchecka et Nathalie Gasiglia, «Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet
d’humanités numériques. Édition et cartographie hypertextuelle de réécritures», Essais [En ligne], 21|
2024, mis en ligne le 24 janvier 2024, consulté le 17 février 2024. URL: http://journals.openedition.org/
essais/13158 ; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/essais.13158
Ce document a été généré automatiquement le 17 février 2024.
Le texte seul est utilisable sous licence CC BY-NC-SA 4.0. Les autres éléments (illustrations, chiers
annexes importés) sont «Tous droits réservés», sauf mention contraire.
)RFXVVXUOHVWUDLWHPHQWV
OLQJXLVWLTXHVGɛXQSURMHW
GɛKXPDQLW«VQXP«ULTXHVGLWLRQHW
FDUWRJUDSKLHK\SHUWH[WXHOOHGH
U««FULWXUHV
)RFXVRQWKHOLQJXLVWLFSURFHVVLQJRIDGLJLWDOKXPDQLWLHVSURMHFW(GLWLQJ
DQGK\SHUWH[WXDOFDUWRJUDSK\RIUHZULWLQJV
Karolina Suchecka et Nathalie Gasiglia
1 /ɛDSSOLFDWLRQWhat is Digital Humanities?UHFHQVHSOXVGHG«ILQLWLRQV GH OD QRWLRQ
GɛKXPDQLW«VQXP«ULTXHV+1HWHQSURSRVHXQHDO«DWRLUHPHQW¢FKDTXHFKDUJHPHQW
GH OD SDJH 3RXU )HGHULFR 0HVFKLQL GH OɛXQLYHUVLW« GH 0RQWIRUW SDU H[HPSOHb mbOD
PHLOOHXUHPDQLªUH>ɣ@SRXUG«FULUHOHV+1HVW>ɣ@GɛXWLOLVHUODFLWDWLRQGHODVente à la
criée du lot49GH7KRPDV3\QFKRQbɝOHV PLUDFOHV VRQW ELHQOHVLQWUXVLRQVGɛXQDXWUH
PRQGHGDQVOHQ¶WUHɞb}6LOHVG«ILQLWLRQVTXHQRXVSRXYRQVG«FRXYULUDLQVLVRQWWUªV
GLII«UHQWHVHOOHV«YRTXHQWU«JXOLªUHPHQWOɛDVSHFWLQWHUGLVFLSOLQDLUHGHFHGRPDLQHGH
UHFKHUFKHTXLLQYLWHOHVFKHUFKHXUVGHVVFLHQFHVKXPDLQHVHWVRFLDOHV¢«FKDQJHUDYHF
OHV VFLHQFHV LQIRUPDWLTXHV HW HQWUH OHXUV GRPDLQHV P¬PH VL FH GLDORJXH
LQWHUGLVFLSOLQDLUHHVWVRXYHQWFRPSOH[H
2 &HWWH FRPSOH[LW« HVW OLVLEOH GDQV OɛKLVWRLUH GX FKDPS WHOOH TXɛHOOH HVW UHWUDF«H
QRWDPPHQWSDU%XUQDUGTXLGLVWLQJXHbS«ULRGHVGHG«YHORSSHPHQWb
/D SUHPLªUH Q«H GDQV OHV DQQ«HVb HW DSSHO«H mbLQIRUPDWLTXH OLWW«UDLUH HW
OLQJXLVWLTXHb}/LWHUDU\ DQG/LQJXLVWLF &RPSXWLQJ VH FDUDFW«ULVH SDUOD FU«DWLRQGH
JUDQGV FRUSXV WH[WXHOV OD J«Q«UDWLRQ GɛLQGH[ HW OH G«YHORSSHPHQW GɛRXWLOV GH
WUDLWHPHQWDXWRPDWLTXHGHVODQJXHV7$/HWGHOLQJXLVWLTXHGXFRUSXVSRXUSURGXLUH
GHV FRQFRUGDQFHV H[WUDLUH GHV FRRFFXUUHQFHV OH[LFDOHV U«JXOLªUHV HW HIIHFWXHU GHV
WUDGXFWLRQV DXWRPDWLTXHV RX DVVLVW«HV SDU RUGLQDWHXU 'RPLQ«H SDU GHV PRGªOHV
TXDQWLWDWLIV HW GHV PHVXUHV VWDWLVWLTXHV FHWWH S«ULRGH PRQWUH WRXW DXWDQW OɛRULJLQH
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
1
FRPPXQHGHV+1HWGX7$/TXHOHVLQW«U¬WVFRQMRLQWVGHVOHWWUHVHWGHODOLQJXLVWLTXH
/D GHX[LªPH S«ULRGH TXL G«EXWH GDQV OHV DQQ«HVb RULHQWH OHV +1 GDQV XQH
GLUHFWLRQ GLII«UHQWHb OHV mbKXPDQLW«V FRPSXWDWLRQQHOOHVb} +XPDQLWLHV &RPSXWLQJ
VɛLQW«UHVVHQW HQ SDUWLFXOLHU ¢ OD PRG«OLVDWLRQ GHV GRQQ«HV HW ¢ OD FRQFHSWLRQ GHV
SURJUDPPHVLQIRUPDWLTXHV/D7(,7H[W(QFRGLQJ,QLWLDWLYHHVW«ODERU«HHQbHW
U«JXOLªUHPHQW DPSOLIL«H GHSXLV SRXU SURSRVHU XQ VWDQGDUG GH VWUXFWXUDWLRQ HW
GɛHQFRGDJHGHVWH[WHVQXP«ULV«V/HP«WDODQJDJHFRPPXQDLQVLFU««OH;0/7(,YLVH
¢IDFLOLWHUOɛLQWHURS«UDELOLW«GHVGRQQ«HVSHXLPSRUWHOHFKDPSGRQWHOOHVVRQWLVVXHV
/HIDLWTXHFHVWDQGDUGVRLWWRXMRXUVODUJHPHQWHPSOR\«HWFRQWLQXHGɛ«YROXHUSURXYH
OHEHVRLQGɛXQGLVSRVLWLISHUPHWWDQWGHIDLUHXQSRQWHQWUHOHVGLVFLSOLQHVPDLVG«YRLOH
DXVVL TXH OHV SU«RFFXSDWLRQV PDMHXUHV GHV +1 VRQW ¢ FH VWDGH RULHQW«HV YHUV OD
QXP«ULVDWLRQOɛDUFKLYDJHHWODGLIIXVLRQ
/DWURLVLªPHS«ULRGHOHVmbKXPDQLW«VQXP«ULTXHVb}'LJLWDO+XPDQLWLHVSURSUHPHQW
GLWHVG«EXWHDYHFOH:HE/ɛDSSDULWLRQGHVELEOLRWKªTXHVQXP«ULTXHVGHVRXUFHV
LQGH[«HV SDU GHV QRQVS«FLDOLVWHV HW OD QDLVVDQFH GɛREMHWV Gɛ«WXGH QDWLYHPHQW
QXP«ULTXHVIRQWEDVFXOHUFHFKDPSGHOɛLQIRUPDWLTXHRXWLOTXLVHUW¢ODUHFKHUFKH
YHUVOHQXP«ULTXHHQYLURQQHPHQWDXVHLQGXTXHOFHOOHFLVɛHIIHFWXH3URJUHVVLYHPHQW
OHPRXYHPHQWTXLSDUWGHODOLQJXLVWLTXHHWGHVOHWWUHVVɛ«WHQGYHUVGɛDXWUHVGLVFLSOLQHV
HWVHUDSSURFKHGHFHOOHVTXLPRELOLVHQWGHVPR\HQVLQIRUPDWLTXHVGHSXLVORQJWHPSV
FRPPHODJ«RJUDSKLH/DP«WDSKRUHGXmbJUDQGFKDSLWHDXGHVKXPDQLW«VQXP«ULTXHVb}
7KH %LJ 7HQW HVW VRXYHQW «YRTX«H SRXU FDUDFW«ULVHU OHV +1 TXL UHJURXSHQW GHV
FKHUFKHXUV GH GRPDLQHV GLII«UHQWV DYHF GHV REMHFWLIV HW P«WKRGHV TXL OHXU VRQW
SURSUHV FH TXL H[SOLTXH WRXW DXWDQW OD GLYHUVLW« HW OɛRXYHUWXUH GX FKDPS TXH OD
GLIILFXOW«GHOHG«ILQLU&HSHQGDQWLOUHVWH¢VDYRLUVLWRXWOHPRQGHYHXWHQWUHUVRXVOH
FKDSLWHDX
3 2XWUHOHVRXKDLWRXSDVGɛ¬WUHmbVRXVOHFKDSLWHDXGHV+1b}3LHUD]]RREVHUYHbPRGªOHV
GɛLQW«JUDWLRQ GHVFKHUFKHXUV+1DXVHLQGHOHXUGRPDLQH GHUDWWDFKHPHQWSULQFLSDO
'DQVOHSUHPLHUOHVKXPDQLW«VYRLHQWOHQXP«ULTXHFRPPHXQVHUYLFHOHVFKHUFKHXUV
+1«WDQWDORUVLQMXVWHPHQW FRQVLG«U«VFRPPHGHVSUHVWDWDLUHVTXLG«YHORSSHQWVDQV
YUDLPHQWIDLUHGHUHFKHUFKH'DQVOHGHX[LªPHPRGªOHOHV+1VRQWDFFHSW«HVFRPPH
«WDQW XQH VRXVGLVFLSOLQH PDLV OHV UDSSRUWV DYHF OD GLVFLSOLQH GH UDWWDFKHPHQW
GLIIªUHQW 'DQV FHUWDLQV GRPDLQHV FRPPH OɛDUFK«RORJLH OHV P«WKRGHV QXP«ULTXHV
GHYHQXHVLQGLVSHQVDEOHVVRQWHPSOR\«HVQDWXUHOOHPHQWSDUWRXVOHVFKHUFKHXUV'DQV
GɛDXWUHV FRPPH OD SDO«RJUDSKLH OHV FKHUFKHXUV WUDGLWLRQQHOV HW QXP«ULTXHV
FROODERUHQW¢SLHG Gɛ«JDOLW« (QILQ OH GRPDLQH TXL QRXVLQW«UHVVHLFLODOLQJXLVWLTXH
VHPEOHDSSDUWHQLUSOXW¶WDXWURLVLªPHPRGªOHTXDOLIL«GɛmbDQWDJRQLVWHb}(QVRQVHLQ
OHV UHFKHUFKHV WUDGLWLRQQHOOHV HW LQIRUPDWLV«HV QH VH P«ODQJHQW SDV RX SHX HW
FRQVWLWXHQWSUDWLTXHPHQWbGLVFLSOLQHVLQG«SHQGDQWHVHWGRQWOHVREMHFWLIVGLIIªUHQWFH
TXLIDLW «FKR¢ XQHGLVWLQFWLRQ DQW«ULHXUHHQWUH OLQJXLVWHVHW mbWDOLVWHVb}OLQJXLVWHV
LQIRUPDWLFLHQV
4 'HQRPEUHX[DUWLFOHV«WXGLHQWFHVFKLVPHHQWUHODOLQJXLVWLTXHHWOH7$/3DUH[HPSOH
6S¦UFN-RQHVFRQVLGªUHTXHmbOD OLQJXLVWLTXH FRPSXWDWLRQQHOOHQɛDSDVEHVRLQ GH OD
OLQJXLVWLTXH J«Q«UDOH QRQ FRPSXWDWLRQQHOOH TXH FH VRLW SRXU OXL DFFRUGHU GH OD
FU«GLELOLW« LQWHOOHFWXHOOH RX SRXU HQ DVVXUHU OH SURJUªV /D OLQJXLVWLTXH
FRPSXWDWLRQQHOOH QɛHVW SDV VHXOHPHQW GH OD OLQJXLVWLTXH DFFRPSDJQ«H GH TXHOTXHV
H[WHQVLRQV geeks XWLOHV GDQV OD SUDWLTXH PDLV WK«RULTXHPHQW QRQ SHUWLQHQWHV HW
G«FRQFHUWDQWHVb}6LPXOWDQ«PHQW¢ODSULVHGHGLVWDQFHGHVWDOLVWHVSDUUDSSRUWDX[
OLQJXLVWHV FHV GHUQLHUV LQWHUURJHQW DXVVL OHXU SRVLWLRQQHPHQW IDFH DX[ DSSURFKHV
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
2
FRPSXWDWLRQQHOOHV7DQJX\HW)DEUHSDUH[HPSOH«WXGLHQWOɛLPSDFWWDQWSRVLWLITXH
Q«JDWLI GX 7$/ VXU OD OLQJXLVWLTXH RXWLOO«H /HV DXWHXUV FULWLTXHQW QRWDPPHQW
mbOɛRXWLOODJH WURS FRPSOH[H HW RSDTXH SRXU ¬WUH DSSU«KHQG« SOHLQHPHQW SDU GHV
OLQJXLVWHV>ɣ@ GRQWOHU¶OHVHFDQWRQQH¢OɛDQQRWDWLRQ GH GRQQ«HVGɛHQWUD°QHPHQWRX
Gɛ«YDOXDWLRQb} HW OHV G«YHORSSHPHQWV TXL mbVLPSOLILHQW OD G«ILQLWLRQ GHV REMHWV
ODQJDJLHUVHQPLVDQWVXUODPDVVLILFDWLRQGHVGRQQ«HVSRXUOHVWUDLWHUb}7RXWHIRLVOH
SRWHQWLHO GHV WUDLWHPHQWV DXWRPDWLTXHV QɛHVW SDV LJQRU«b OHV P«WKRGHV
GɛH[S«ULPHQWDWLRQ HW OD SRVVLELOLW« GH FRQVLG«UHU GHV SK«QRPªQHV ODQJDJLHUV HQ
GLVSRVDQW GH GRQQ«HV PDVVLYHV VRQW GHV DWRXWV LPSRUWDQWV ¢ FRQGLWLRQ TXH OHV
WUDLWHPHQWVHPSLULTXHVHWTXDOLWDWLIVQHVRLHQWSDVPLVGHF¶W«(QFHOD7DQJX\HW)DEUH
UHMRLJQHQW OHV SU«RFFXSDWLRQV FRPPXQHV DX[ FKHUFKHXUV GHV +1 3DU DLOOHXUV OHV
SURMHWVOLQJXLVWLTXHVSRUWDQWSDUH[HPSOHVXUGHVODQJXHVU«JLRQDOHVHWSHXGRW«HV
RXOɛHQVHLJQHPHQWVRQWWUªVSU«VHQWVDXVHLQGHFHFKDPS
5 6LPXOWDQ«PHQW OD FROODERUDWLRQ HQWUH OH 7$/HW OHV +1 HVW HIIHFWLYH HW IUXFWXHXVH
FRPPH HQ W«PRLJQH SDU H[HPSOH OH YROXPHb GH OD UHYXH TAL 'DQV VRQ
LQWURGXFWLRQODUHODWLRQHQWUHOHVbGLVFLSOLQHVDSSDUD°WFRPPH«WDQWGHOɛRUGUHGHOD
FRPSO«PHQWDULW«b
>$@ORUVTXHODUHFKHUFKHDFWXHOOHHQ7$/VɛDUWLFXOHJ«Q«UDOHPHQWDXWRXUGHW¤FKHV
ELHQLGHQWLIL«HVHWSOXVRXPRLQVFRPSOH[HV>ɣ@OHV+1XWLOLVHQWGHVWHFKQLTXHVHW
GHVP«WKRGHVGH7$/FRPPHRXWLOVHQOHVK\EULGDQW¢GɛDXWUHVWHFKQLTXHV>ɣ@HWHQ
OHVLQW«JUDQWGDQVGHVVF«QDULRVGHUHFKHUFKHFRPSOH[HV>ɣ@(QFRQV«TXHQFHOHV
G«ILVXOWLPHVGHV+1QHYLVHQWSDVXQLTXHPHQW¢DP«OLRUHUOHVSHUIRUPDQFHVGHV
RXWLOVGH7$/PDLVDXVVLHWVXUWRXWOHXUXWLOLVDWLRQGDQVOHVGLII«UHQWVFKDPSVGHV
KXPDQLW«V
6 &HSHQGDQW ODYDULDELOLW«HWODFRPSOH[LW«GHVFRUSXVHQJDJ«VDX VHLQGHVSURMHWV+1
SRVHQWGHVGLIILFXOW«VTXDQW¢OɛDGDSWDWLRQGHVRXWLOVGH7$/bmb>O@DGLYHUVLW«GHWH[WHV
FRPPXQ«PHQW WUDLW«V SDU OHV +1 GLYHUVLW« Gɛ«SRTXHV GH UHJLVWUHV RX GH JHQUHV
SR«VLHWK«¤WUHHWFFRQVWLWXHVRXYHQWSDUVDQDWXUHXQG«ILVXSSO«PHQWDLUHSRXUOHV
RXWLOVHWDOJRULWKPHVFRXUDQWV>ɣ@,OVɛHQVXLWTXHGHVRS«UDWLRQVG«VRUPDLVDVVH]ELHQ
PD°WULV«HVGDQVOHFKDPSGX7$/>ɣ@SU«VHQWHQWGDQVOHFRQWH[WHGHV+1GHQRXYHDX[
G«ILVb}
7 &HVG«ILVVRQWELHQSU«VHQWVGDQVQRWUHSURMHWGɛ«GLWLRQQXP«ULTXHFRPSDUDWLYH(QVRQ
VHLQ QRXV FKHUFKRQV HQWUH DXWUHV ¢ SURXYHU OD SHUWLQHQFH TXɛLO \ D ¢ H[SORLWHU
bORJLFLHOVGHG«WHFWLRQGHU«XWLOLVDWLRQVGɛH[WUDLWVWH[WXHOV7UDFHUHW7H[W3$,5DILQ
GHFRPSDUHUOHXUVSURGXLWVSRXUGHVWH[WHVOLWW«UDLUHVGHFRQWHQXVHPEODEOHPDLVTXL
VRQWWUªV«ORLJQ«VVWUXFWXUHOOHPHQWHWOH[LFDOHPHQW2XWUHOHIDLWGɛH[SORLWHUOHVRXWLOV
PLV¢ GLVSRVLWLRQ LO LPSRUWH GɛREVHUYHUOHXUV OLPLWHV HW GH SURSRVHUGHV P«WKRGHV
VRXYHQW LQWHUGLVFLSOLQDLUHV SHUPHWWDQW GH OHV G«SDVVHU (Q HIIHW FRPPH QRXV OH
YHUURQVQRWUHSURMHWVRXOªYHGHVG«ILVSDUWLFXOLHUV
WDQW GH SRLQW GH YXH OLWW«UDLUHb Vɛ«ORLJQHU GH OɛDQDO\VH UDSSURFK«H GH WH[WHV SRXU
FRQVWLWXHU XQ FRUSXV ELHQ SOXV ODUJH TXH OD WDLOOH XVXHOOH GH FHX[ GH OD UHFKHUFKH
WUDGLWLRQQHOOH
TXHOLQJXLVWLTXHbH[SORUHUOHVSK«QRPªQHVSU«VHQWVDXVHLQGɛXQFRUSXVK«W«URJªQH
SRXULQWHUURJHUODSHUWLQHQFHGHVRXWLOVHWOH[LTXHVH[LVWDQWV
HWLQIRUPDWLTXHbDGDSWHUGHVRXWLOVJ«Q«UDOLVWHVDX[EHVRLQVSDUWLFXOLHUVGHVFKHUFKHXUV
HQ6+6
8 $SUªVDYRLUSU«VHQW«QRWUHSURMHWHWSURSRV«XQH[HPSOHGɛLQYHVWLJDWLRQPHQ«HGDQVOH
FRUSXV QRXV QRXV IRFDOLVHURQV VXU bGLIILFXOW«V SDUWLFXOLªUHV 7RXW GɛDERUG QRXV
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
3
FRPSDUHURQV OɛHIILFDFLW« GH WHFKQLTXHV WDOLVWHV FRPPH OD VWHPPDWLVDWLRQ HW OD
OHPPDWLVDWLRQSRXUUDSSURFKHUDYHFSHUWLQHQFHGHVXQLW«VOH[LFDOHVHWDLQVLSHUPHWWUH
OD G«WHFWLRQ GH U«XWLOLVDWLRQV WH[WXHOOHV PDOJU« GHV GLII«UHQFHV GH IOH[LRQV RX
GɛHPSORLVGHPRWVGHVP¬PHVIDPLOOHVPRUSKRORJLTXHVRXV\QRQ\PHVɣHWQRXVQRXV
SHQFKHURQV VXU OHV GLIILFXOW«V OL«HV ¢ OɛDQQRWDWLRQ DXWRPDWLTXH GHVXQLW«V OH[LFDOHV
1RXV G«PRQWUHURQV DXVVL HQ SU«VHQWDQW QRWUH P«WKRGH GɛDSSDULHPHQW GHV
G«QRPLQDWLRQVGHVHQWLW«V2USK«H(XU\GLFHOHV(QIHUV3OXWRQɣTXHOɛLQW«JUDWLRQGH
P«WKRGHVOLQJXLVWLTXHVHWXQHDQDO\VHSU«OLPLQDLUHV«OHFWLYHGXFRUSXVDP«OLRUHQWOD
TXDOLW«GHVU«VXOWDWVGH OD G«WHFWLRQU«DOLV«HSDU OHV RXWLOVLQIRUPDWLTXHVFKRLVLV&H
IDLVDQWQRXVQRXVLQWHUURJHURQVWDQWVXUODSODFHGHQRWUHSURMHWDXVHLQGXGRPDLQH
GHV+1TXHVXUOɛLPSRUWDQFHGHVWUDYDX[OLQJXLVWLTXHVWDOLVWHVHWWUDGLWLRQQHOVSRXU
Oɛ«YROXWLRQHWOHG«YHORSSHPHQWGHFHQRXYHDXFKDPSGHUHFKHUFKHLQWHUGLVFLSOLQDLUH
b
Présentation du projet
9 'HQRPEUHXVHVGLVFLSOLQHVVɛLQW«UHVVHQW¢ODG«WHFWLRQDXWRPDWLTXHGHVU«XWLOLVDWLRQVHW
UHIRUPXODWLRQV GDQV GHV WH[WHV TXH FH VRLW SRXU OɛLGHQWLILFDWLRQ GX SODJLDW
OɛDWWULEXWLRQ GH OɛDXFWRULDOLW« GɛüXYUHV DQRQ\PHV RX HQFRUH OD J«Q«UDWLRQ GH
U«VXP«V'DQVOHFDGUHGɛ«WXGHVOLWW«UDLUHVDSSX\«HVVXUGHVRXWLOVLQIRUPDWLTXHVGHV
SURMHWVVHIRFDOLVHQWVXUODG«WHFWLRQGHVUHODWLRQVGDQVGHVWH[WHVDQFLHQVHQJUHFHW
HQODWLQ OɛDOLJQHPHQW GH GLII«UHQWHVWUDGXFWLRQVGɛXQHP¬PHüXYUHRXHQFRUHOD
UHFKHUFKHGHVVRXUFHVYRLUHGHVLQVSLUDWLRQVLQWHOOHFWXHOOHVGɛXQDXWHXU'DQVQRWUH
SURMHWQRXVQRXVLQW«UHVVRQVDX[U««FULWXUHVGXP\WKHGɛ2USK«HHW(XU\GLFH
10 /ɛLQVSLUDWLRQSDUFHU«FLWGRQWOHVSULQFLSDOHVVRXUFHVDQFLHQQHVVRQWOHOLYUHb,9GHV
GéorgiquesGH9LUJLOHbDYb-&HWOHVOLYUHVb;;,GHVMétamorphoses Gɛ2YLGH,HUbV
DWUDYHUV« OɛKLVWRLUH OLWW«UDLUHGHSXLV OH 0R\HQJHMXVTXɛ¢ QRV MRXUV,O HVW DGDSW«
SDURGL« PRGHUQLV« RX U«LQWHUSU«W« SRXU XQ SXEOLF SOXV MHXQH 1RWUH FRUSXV GHV
U««FULWXUHVHVW FRPSRV« GH büXYUHV HQ ODQJXH IUDQ©DLVH TXL U««FULYHQW OH P\WKH
3XEOL«HVGHSXLVOH;9HbVLªFOHHOOHVVHFDUDFW«ULVHQWSDUODGLYHUVLW«GHV«WDWVGHODODQJXH
GHOɛDQFLHQIUDQ©DLVDXIUDQ©DLVPRGHUQHHWGHVJHQUHVSR«VLHSURVHWK«¤WUHRS«UD
$ORUVTXHODSRVVLELOLW«GHG«WHFWHUDXWRPDWLTXHPHQWOHVUHODWLRQVLQWHUWH[WXHOOHVHVW
SDVVLRQQDQWHQRXVFRQVWDWRQVTXHVLOHVORJLFLHOVHPSOR\«V7H[W3$,5HW7UDFHUVRQW
WUªV SHUIRUPDQWV QRWDPPHQW SRXU OHV FRUUHVSRQGDQFHV SURFKHV OH UHS«UDJH GHV
U«XWLOLVDWLRQVHW«YRFDWLRQVSOXVFRPSOH[HVUHVWHSUREO«PDWLTXH
11 6L QRXV QRXV LQW«UHVVRQV SDU H[HPSOH DX VRXVFRUSXV GHV WH[WHV SU«VHQWDQW XQ
G«WRXUQHPHQW FRPLTXH GX P\WKH QRXV REVHUYRQV TXɛLO VH FDUDFW«ULVH SDU GH
QRPEUHXVHVG«SU«FLDWLRQVGHOɛKLVWRLUHGɛ2USK«HHW(XU\GLFHHWGHVHVSURWDJRQLVWHV
/HSRªPHDQRQ\PHOrphée grotesque avec le bal rustiqueSU«VHQWH2USK«HFRPPHmbXQ
9LOORQLYUH¢ODI¬WHb}XQmbP«Q«WULHUGHPDOKHXUb}RXHQFRUHmbOHYLHOOHXUYHXIGHVD
IHPHOOHb} 'DQV OD FDQWDWH GH *UDQGYDO OH SRªWH mbG«JULQJROHb} DX[ (QIHUV SRXU
UHQFRQWUHU OHXU mb3ULQFH HQIXP«b} &KH] (LPDQQ FɛHVW OɛDPRXU Gɛ2USK«H SRXU
(XU\GLFH TXL HVW PRTX« HW OɛRS«UDERXIIH Gɛ2IIHQEDFK HW &U«PLHX[ ULGLFXOLVH VD
PXVLTXH 1RXV REVHUYRQV «JDOHPHQW DX VHLQ GH FHW HQVHPEOH GHV UHODWLRQV
FRPSOH[HVTXLLQYLWHQW ¢ FKHUFKHUGHV LQVSLUDWLRQV GDQVSOXVLHXUVüXYUHV GHQRWUH
FRUSXV 3DU H[HPSOH OɛRS«UDFRPLTXH GH 'HVKD\HV HW 5RXKLHU'HVFKDPSV SDURGLH
FHOXLGH*OXFN&DO]DELJLHW0ROLQHOXLP¬PHLQIOXHQF«SDUOHVU«FLWVDQFLHQVFHX[GH
9LUJLOHHWGɛ2YLGHHWGɛDXWUHVU««FULWXUHVFRPPHOrfeoGHb0RQWHYHUGL
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
4
12 (QFRPSDUDQWFHVüXYUHVSDURGLTXHVHWHQOHVFRQIURQWDQW¢ODWRWDOLW«GHQRWUHFRUSXV
OHVU««FULWXUHVV«ULHXVHVGɛXQHSDUWHWOHVWUDGXFWLRQVIUDQ©DLVHVGHVVRXUFHVDQFLHQQHV
GH OɛDXWUH QRXVHVS«URQVTXHGHVWUDLWHPHQWVDXWRPDWLTXHV HWQRWDPPHQWFHX[GHV
ORJLFLHOV7H[W3$,5HW7UDFHUQRXVDLGHURQW¢DSSURIRQGLUYRLUHQXDQFHUQRVDQDO\VHV
HPSLULTXHV2UOHVD[HVGHUHFKHUFKHTXHQRXVQRXVIL[RQVHQQRXVDSSX\DQWVXUGHV
«WXGHVOLWW«UDLUHVDQW«ULHXUHV VRQW PXOWLSOHV 7RXW GɛDERUG %UXQHOFRQVLGªUHTXHOD
PDQLªUHGRQWOHP\WKHHVWUHSULVG«SHQGGHVH[S«ULHQFHVGHOHFWXUHHWGHVVRXYHQLUVGH
OɛDXWHXUGHODQRXYHOOHYHUVLRQ(QHIIHWGDQVQRWUHFRUSXVFHUWDLQVDXWHXUVRQWUHFRXUV
¢ OD FLWDWLRQ GɛXQH WUDGXFWLRQ IUDQ©DLVH GH 9LUJLOH RX Gɛ2YLGH DORUV TXH GɛDXWUHV
VHPEOHQWFRPSRVHUOHXUU«FLWVDQVVɛDSSX\HUGLUHFWHPHQWVXUXQWH[WHVRXUFHSU«FLV
PDLVHQHQDSSHODQW¢OHXUP«PRLUHSDUIRLVG«IDLOODQWH7RXVSHXYHQWDXVVLFRQIRQGUH
ODYHUVLRQGXP\WKHVHORQ9LUJLOHSDUH[HPSOHHQLQWURGXLVDQWOHSHUVRQQDJHGɛ$ULVW«H
HW FHOOH Gɛ2YLGH SDU H[HPSOH HQ UHQYR\DQW DX FKDQW Gɛ2USK«H GHYDQW 3OXWRQ HW
3URVHUSLQHPRGLILHU OHV «SLVRGHV RULJLQDX[RXP«ODQJHUOHVVRXUFHVDQFLHQQHVDYHF
GHVU««FULWXUHVSOXVFRQQXHV1RXVVRXKDLWRQVTXHOHVWUDLWHPHQWVDXWRPDWLTXHVQRXV
SHUPHWWHQWGHPLHX[REVHUYHUFHWWHIOH[LELOLW«GHG«WHUPLQHUVXUTXHOOHVYHUVLRQV
DQWLTXHV VɛDSSXLH OH WH[WH WUDLW« VL FɛHVW OH FDV HW GH FRPSUHQGUH OɛRULJLQH GHV
PRGLILFDWLRQVRS«U«HVVXUODWUDPHP\WKRORJLTXH
13 1RXVVRXKDLWRQVQRXVSHQFKHU«JDOHPHQWVXUOHVUHODWLRQVHQWUHXQHSDURGLHHWOɛüXYUH
SDURGL«H*HQHWWHG«ILQLWFHW\SHGHUHODWLRQVGɛmbK\SHUWH[WXHOOHVb}OɛK\SHUWH[WXDOLW«
«WDQW mbWRXWH UHODWLRQ XQLVVDQW XQ WH[WH % >K\SHUWH[WH@ ¢ XQ WH[WH DQW«ULHXU $
>K\SRWH[WH@VXUOHTXHOLOVHJUHIIHGɛXQHPDQLªUHTXLQɛHVWSDVFHOOHGXFRPPHQWDLUHb}
'DQVVD IRUPHPLQLPDOH RX VWULFWH OD SDURGLHHVW XQHUHSULVH OLWW«UDOH GɛXQ WH[WH
FRQQX GDQV XQ FRQWH[WH G«FDO« DILQ GH SURGXLUH XQ HIIHW KXPRULVWLTXH 1RXV QRXV
LQWHUURJHRQVDORUVVXUODFDSDFLW«GHVRXWLOVLQIRUPDWLTXHV¢IDFLOLWHUOɛLGHQWLILFDWLRQGHV
SDVVDJHVFRUUHVSRQGDQWVSRXUPLHX[REVHUYHUOHVSURF«G«VHPSOR\«VSRXUSURGXLUHFH
G«FDODJH
14 (QILQ LO QRXV LPSRUWH DXVVL GɛDQDO\VHU OD PDQLªUH GRQW OHV UHIRUPXODWLRQV VRQW
FRQVWUXLWHV/HVS«ULSKUDVHVP«WDSKRULVDWLRQVRX FKDQJHPHQWV GHUHJLVWUHVRQWGH
SU«FLHX[LQGLFHVGDQVOHVRXVFRUSXVFRPLTXHGHODPDQLªUHGRQWODODQJXHY«KLFXOH
OɛKXPRXUHWOHULUH,OVSHUPHWWHQW«JDOHPHQWGHPLHX[G«WHUPLQHUFHTXLFDUDFW«ULVH
OHV G«SU«FLDWLRQV GH OD WUDPH SULQFLSDOH GX P\WKH 1RXV FRQVLG«URQV DXVVL TXH OH
UHFHQVHPHQW GHV PRWVFO«V FDUDFW«ULVWLTXHV GHV üXYUHV SDURGLTXHV SHXW IDFLOLWHU
OɛLGHQWLILFDWLRQGHVSDVVDJHVKXPRULVWLTXHVGDQVGHVWH[WHVTXLQHOHVRQWSDVa priori
UHS«U«V FRPPH HQ FRQWHQDQW 'DQV FH FRQWH[WH QRXV QRXV DWWHQGRQV ¢FH TXH OHV
WUDLWHPHQWVVHPLDXWRPDWLTXHVQRXVDFFRPSDJQHQWDXPLHX[GDQVOɛLGHQWLILFDWLRQGHV
SDUWLFXODULW«VOLQJXLVWLTXHVGHVWH[WHVSDURGLTXHVQRWDPPHQWHQQRXVSHUPHWWDQWGH
QRXVIRFDOLVHU VXU OHV IDFWHXUV FRPPXQVHW OHV XQLW«V OLQJXLVWLTXHPHQW SHUWLQHQWHV
LQWURGXLVDQW VRXYHQW XQH G«SU«FLDWLRQ RX XQH ULGLFXOLVDWLRQ FRPPH FHUWDLQHV
S«ULSKUDVHV GHV HQWLW«V mb3OXWRQb}b mb3ULQFH HQIXP«b} FHUWDLQHV VXEVWLWXWLRQV
V\QRQ\PLTXHV mbVH SU«FLSLWHUb}b mbG«JULQJROHUb} RX K\SHURQ\PLTXHV mbIHPPHb}b
mbIHPHOOHb}FHUWDLQHVP«WDSKRULVDWLRQVmbGHVFHQGUHDX[(QIHUVb}bmbDOOHUDX'LDEOHb}
HWF
b
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
5
Logiciels de détection automatique des relations
textuelles
15 3RXU UHS«UHU OHV IDFWHXUV FRPPXQV SDU H[HPSOH LQFOXDQW XQH G«SU«FLDWLRQ LO HVW
LQGLVSHQVDEOH GHUHQGUHOHVRXWLOVLQIRUPDWLTXHV VHQVLEOHVDX[UHODWLRQVOLQJXLVWLTXHV
ILQHV 2U FHX[ TXH QRXV H[SORLWRQV VɛDSSXLHQW HQWUH DXWUHV VXU GHV WHFKQLTXHV
GɛDQDO\VHGHV«TXHQFHVHPSOR\«HVLQLWLDOHPHQWGDQVOHVVFLHQFHVGXUHVFRPPHODELR
LQIRUPDWLTXHHWTXLRQWGHVDSSOLFDWLRQVGLYHUVHVDOODQWGXV«TXHQ©DJHGXJ«QRPH¢OD
G«WHFWLRQGXSODJLDW7UªVSHUIRUPDQWVSRXUGHVFRUUHVSRQGDQFHVSURFKHVJU¤FH¢GHV
WHFKQLTXHVLQIRUPDWLTXHVGHOɛLQWHOOLJHQFHDUWLILFLHOOHFRPPHODYHFWRULVDWLRQ7UDFHUHW
7H[W3$,5VRQWUHODWLYHPHQWQHXWUHVGXSRLQWGHYXHGHVFRQQDLVVDQFHVOLQJXLVWLTXHVHW
VɛDYªUHQWGRQFSHXSHUIRUPDQWVIDFHDX[U««FULWXUHVFRPSOH[HV
16 7H[W3$,5SDUH[HPSOHJ«QªUHGHVn-grammesFɛHVW¢GLUHGHVV«TXHQFHVGHnPRWV
TXLVHFKHYDXFKHQW SRXU FKDTXH WH[WH ,O OHV VWRFNHHQVXLWHHWOHVLQGH[HDILQGHOHV
FRQIURQWHU ¢ FHX[ GHV DXWUHV WH[WHV 6HXOV TXHOTXHV SDUDP«WUDJHV VRQW SHUPLV
FRQFHUQDQW OHV IRUPHV GHV PRWV SULVHV HQ FRPSWHb PRWV SOHLQV VWHPPHV PRWV
UDFLQLV«VRXOHPPHV
17 $SSX\HUOD UHFKHUFKH VXUOHV PRWV ULVTXHGH OLPLWHUIRUWHPHQW OHV FRUUHVSRQGDQFHV
G«WHFW«HVDX[SOXVSURFKHVFLWDWLRQVSODJLDWVɣDORUVTXHOHVGLII«UHQFHVIOH[LRQQHOOHV
QɛRQWVRXYHQWSDVGɛLQFLGHQFHPDMHXUHVXUOHVHQVbmbVLOɛ(QIHUSDUGRQQDLWb}HWmbVLOHV
(QIHUVSDUGRQQDLHQWb}VRQWSRXUQRXVFRUUHVSRQGDQWVHWGRLYHQW¬WUHDSSDUL«V,OHQ
HVWGHP¬PHSRXUOHVHPSORLVGHG«ULY«VPRUSKRV«PDQWLTXHVbQRXVVRXKDLWRQVTXɛXQH
UHODWLRQVRLWWURXY«HHQWUHvieHWvivreordreHWordonner…
18 3RXUFHODODVWHPPDWLVDWLRQSRXUUDLWVHPEOHU¬WUHODVROXWLRQDSSURSUL«HP¬PHVLFHOOH
SURSRV«HSDU7H[W3$,5QɛHVWSDVXQHUDFLQLVDWLRQIDLWHVHORQGHVUªJOHVPRUSKRORJLTXHV
PDLVSDUFRXSHGHILQVGHVPRWVVHORQOɛDOJRULWKPH6QRZEDOO&HODSRVHHQSUDWLTXH
SOXVLHXUVSUREOªPHV 3DU H[HPSOH aimerHW aimaitVRQWELHQU«GXLWVWRXVOHVGHX[DX
VWHPPHaimPDLVFɛHVWDXVVLOHFDVGXQRPaimantTXLQHGRLWSDV¬WUHOL«DX[SUHPLHUV
SDV SOXVTXHQHGRLYHQWOɛ¬WUH fer HWfermerVWHPPDWLV«VHQ ferDORUVTXHFHVRQW GHV
PRWVWUªVGLII«UHQWV.OɛLQYHUVHGHVIOH[LRQVRXGHVG«ULYDWLRQVQHVRQWSDVLGHQWLIL«HVb
SDUH[HPSOHOHVVWHPPHVGHVbIRUPHVSOXULHOOHVGXYHUEHsavoirsavonssavezsavent
VRQWGLII«UHQWVsavonb savbsaventHWFHOXLGHretournerHWretournementQHSHXWSDV¬WUH
DSSDUL«DYHFFHOXLGHretourretourn/ retour/DVWHPPDWLVDWLRQQHSURSRVHGRQFTXH
GHVmbSVHXGRWLJHVb}UDUHPHQWFRQIRUPHVDX[UDGLFDX[GHVDQDO\VHVPRUSKRORJLTXHV
HWDXJPHQWHILQDOHPHQWOHQRPEUHGHIDXVVHVG«WHFWLRQV
19 /HSURMHW$57)/DXVHLQ GXTXHO 7H[W3$,5D«W«FRQ©XD G«EXW« HQb HWVɛLQVFULW
SOHLQHPHQW GDQV OD S«ULRGH GH OɛmbLQIRUPDWLTXH OLWW«UDLUH HW OLQJXLVWLTXHb} /H
G«YHORSSHPHQWSULQFLSDOGX SURMHW 3KLORORJLF HVW XQ PRWHXUGHUHFKHUFKHWH[WXHOOH
SRXUGHVFRUSXVVWUXFWXU«VHQ;0/7(,,OSHUPHWGHIRXLOOHUHQWUHDXWUHVOɛEncyclopédie
GH 'LGHURW HW Gɛ$OHPEHUW OHV üXYUHV FRPSOªWHV GH 5RXVVHDX RX HQFRUH GHV
GLFWLRQQDLUHV IUDQ©DLV GX [YLLH DX ;; H VLªFOHV GX Thresor de la langue françoyseGH
-HDQb1LFRW¢OD Hb«G GX Dictionnaire de l’Académie Française)UXLWGHODFROODERUDWLRQ
HQWUH GHV ODERUDWRLUHV «WDWVXQLHQV (OHFWURQLF 7H[W 6HUYLFHV HW 'LYLVLRQ RI WKH
+XPDQLWLHVGHOɛXQLYHUVLW«GH&KLFDJRHWIUDQ©DLV$7,/)IRFDOLV«VXUOHVTXHVWLRQVGH
SKLORORJLHQXP«ULTXHHWSULYLO«JLDQWODSURGXFWLRQOLWW«UDLUHIUDQ©DLVHOHSURMHW$57)/
HVWOɛH[HPSOHSDUH[FHOOHQFHGɛXQHFROODERUDWLRQLQWHUGLVFLSOLQDLUHFDUDFW«ULVWLTXHGHV
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
6
+1 3DU FRQV«TXHQW VL OD VWHPPDWLVDWLRQ GX FRUSXV DYHF XQ DOJRULWKPH IDLVDQW
DEVWUDFWLRQ GHV FDUDFW«ULVWLTXHV PRUSKRORJLTXHV GH OD ODQJXH HVW UHWHQXH FɛHVW
SUREDEOHPHQWIDXWHGHPHLOOHXUHVDOWHUQDWLYHV
20 7RXWGɛDERUGODVWHPPDWLVDWLRQQHQ«FHVVLWHSDVGHSU«WUDLWHPHQWH[WHUQHFHTXLHVW
SUDWLTXH SRXU OHV XWLOLVDWHXUV QRQLQIRUPDWLFLHQV HW HOOH SHUPHW XQH FRPSDUDLVRQ
SRWHQWLHOOHPHQW SOXV ULFKH TXH FHOOH VH OLPLWDQW DX[ IRUPHV JUDSKLTXHV GHV PRWV
(QVXLWH OɛDOJRULWKPH HVW LQG«SHQGDQW GH OD ODQJXH FH TXL HVW SDUWLFXOLªUHPHQW
LPSRUWDQW SRXU SHUPHWWUH OH WUDLWHPHQW DYHF 7H[W3$,5 GHV FRUSXV GH ODQJXHV SHX
GRW«VUDSLGHPHQWOLPLW«VSDU OH PDQTXHGɛRXWLOVDGDSW«V(QILQ HQ FKHUFKDQWXQH
DOWHUQDWLYH QRXV FRQVWDWRQV TXH OɛH[SORLWDWLRQ GH bRXWLOV FRQ©XV SRXU OH IUDQ©DLV
'«UL) XQ ORJLFLHO TXL GHYLQH OHV EDVHV GHV PRWV FRQVWUXLWV ¢ OɛDLGH GɛH[SUHVVLRQV
U«JXOLªUHVHW0RUSKRQHWWHXQU«VHDXPRUSKRORJLTXHUHJURXSDQWOHVPRWVGHODP¬PH
IDPLOOH VɛDYªUH SHX SUREDQWH SRXU XQ FRUSXV OLWW«UDLUH FRPPH OH Q¶WUH /ɛDQDO\VH
FRQVWUXFWLRQQHOOHPLVHHQüXYUHSDU'«UL)OɛDPªQH¢DSSDULHUmauveHWmauvaisRXvin
HWdivin0¬PHHQFXPXODQWOHVU«VXOWDWVREWHQXVDYHFOHVbRXWLOVUHODWLYHPHQWSHXGH
OHPPHV SHXYHQW ¬WUH OL«V ¢ OHXU EDVH PRUSKRORJLTXH b VXU b HW GH
QRPEUHXVHV HUUHXUV SHUVLVWHQW 0RUSKRQHWWH SDU H[HPSOH LQGLTXH XQ OLHQ
PRUSKRORJLTXHSRXUOHVFRXSOHVnoceurbnocifɘbVDQVOLHQSXLVTXHOHSUHPLHUYLHQWGH
noceHWGXODWLQFODVVLTXHnuptiæDORUVTXHOHVHFRQGYLHQWGXODWLQnocivusɘRXvoyantb
voyageɘbODEDVHGHSUHPLHU«WDQWvoirDORUVTXHOHVHFRQGHVWFRQVWUXLWVXUOHQRPvoie
)LQDOHPHQWGDQV bFDV VHXOHPHQW OɛDSSDULHPHQW GH PRWV GH FODVVHV JUDPPDWLFDOHV
GLII«UHQWHVVHUDLWIDFLOLW«SDUFHVRXWLOV
21 &HVGLIILFXOW«VGXWUDLWHPHQWDYHF7H[W3$,5PRQWUHQWTXɛDXVHLQGHVSURMHWV+1FRPPH
OHQ¶WUHOHV RXWLOVGX 7$/ HWGH OD OLQJXLVWLTXHVRQW PLV ¢Oɛ«SUHXYH VXU GHVFRUSXV
SDUWLFXOLHUVHWSRXUGHVXVDJHVDX[TXHOVLOVQHVRQWSDVLQLWLDOHPHQWG«GL«V'DQVOHFDV
GHOɛDP«OLRUDWLRQGHOɛDSSDULHPHQWGHVXQLW«VOH[LFDOHVQRVXVDJHVGLIIªUHQWGHFHX[GHV
PRUSKRORJXHV TXL VɛLQW«UHVVHQW J«Q«UDOHPHQW ¢ GHV SK«QRPªQHV SU«FLV FDU QRXV
VRXKDLWRQVG«WHFWHUWRXWHVOHVEDVHVG«ULYDWLRQQHOOHVSU«VHQWHVGDQVQRWUHFRUSXVHW
UHOLHUWRXVOHVPRWVGɛXQHP¬PHIDPLOOHPRUSKRORJLTXHPDLVDXVVLHQDOODQWSOXVORLQ
«W\PRORJLTXH 6L FHWWH W¤FKH SHXW ¬WUH U«DOLV«H DORUV DX WHUPH GX SURMHW QRXV
SRXUURQVPHWWUH¢GLVSRVLWLRQGHODFRPPXQDXW«GHVFKHUFKHXUVXQFRUSXVOLWW«UDLUH
HQULFKLGɛDQQRWDWLRQVOLQJXLVWLTXHVSOXVSHUWLQHQWHVQRWDPPHQWHQSUHQDQWHQFRPSWH
OHVIDPLOOHVGHVPRWVPRUSKRORJLTXHVHW«W\PRORJLTXHVSU«VHQWHVSDUH[HPSOHGDQV
FHUWDLQVGLFWLRQQDLUHVLPSULP«VHWQXP«ULTXHV&HSHQGDQWSRXUFHIDLUHQRXVDYRQV
EHVRLQ GH QRXHU XQ GLDORJXH HQWUH H[SHUWV GH GLYHUV GRPDLQHV LQIRUPDWLFLHQV
PRUSKRORJXHVOH[LFRJUDSKHVOLWW«UDLUHVɣHWOHVSUREOªPHVTXHQRXVUHQFRQWURQVQH
SHXYHQW¬WUHVXUPRQW«VTXɛDYHFXQWUDYDLOLQWHUGLVFLSOLQDLUH¢ORQJWHUPHHWGHJUDQG
DPSOHXU
22 $ORUVTXHOɛDQQRWDWLRQGHVEDVHVPRUSKRORJLTXHVGHVXQLW«VOH[LFDOHVDWWHVW«HVGDQVOH
FRUSXVVHUDLWODVROXWLRQVRXKDLWDEOHQRXVQRXVWRXUQRQVYHUVODOHPPDWLVDWLRQPRLQV
HIILFDFHSRXUODUHFKHUFKHGHFRUUHVSRQGDQFHVFDUHOOHOLHOHVJUDSKLHVGɛXQSDUDGLJPH
IOH[LRQQHOVDQVTXHOɛDSSDULHPHQWGHVPRWVG«ULY«VVRLWU«DOLV«PDLVSRXUODTXHOOHQRXV
GLVSRVRQV GɛRXWLOV LQIRUPDWLTXHV SOXV SHUIRUPDQWV /HV U«VXOWDWV VRQW VXUSUHQDQWVb
DORUVTXHQRXVQRXVDWWHQGLRQV¢FHTXHOHVH[WUDLWVDSSDUL«VJU¤FH¢ODFRUUHVSRQGDQFH
GHVOHPPHV VRLHQW PRLQV QRPEUHX[ PDLV SOXV SHUWLQHQWV TXH ORUV GHV WUDLWHPHQWV
DSSX\«VVXUOHVVWHPPHVQRXVFRQVWDWRQVTXHODTXDQWLW«GHVU«VXOWDWVHVWHQKDXVVH
&HODHVWG½DXIDLWTXHODOHPPDWLVDWLRQQRQSULVHHQFKDUJHSDU7H[W3$,5OXLP¬PH
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
7
RIIUH GHV DQQRWDWLRQV PRUSKRV\QWD[LTXHV TXL SHXYHQW ¬WUH DGDSW«HV ¢ OD ODQJXH
IUDQ©DLVHHW¢ODVS«FLILFLW«GXFRUSXV&HODSHUPHWQRWDPPHQW GɛDYRLU GHV OHPPHV
PRGHUQLV«VSRXUOHVPRWVHQDQFLHQHWPR\HQIUDQ©DLVGRQWOHVVWHPPHVGLII«UDLHQW
HW DLQVL GɛDP«OLRUHU OD G«WHFWLRQ GHV UHODWLRQV HQWUH OHXUV WH[WHV HW GɛDXWUHV SOXV
PRGHUQHV7RXWHIRLVODFRSU«VHQFHGHGLII«UHQWV«WDWVGHODODQJXHDXVHLQGXFRUSXV
SRVH GHV SUREOªPHV DX[ DQDO\VHXUV FRQ©XV SRXU WUDLWHU GHV FRUSXV V\QFKURQLTXHV
3OXVLHXUV VROXWLRQV VɛRIIUHQW ¢ QRXVb PRGHUQLVDWLRQ GHV JUDSKLHV DQFLHQQHV
FRPELQDLVRQGɛRXWLOV HQWUD°QHPHQWGHV PRGªOHVGɛ«WLTXHWDJH FRUUHFWLRQPDQXHOOHɣ
4XHOOH TXHVRLWODP«WKRGH SULYLO«JL«HLOLPSRUWHGH SRXYRLUSUHQGUHODPDLQ VXUFH
SU«WUDLWHPHQW 1RXV HPSOR\RQV7UHH7DJJHUXQDQQRWDWHXUPRUSKRV\QWD[LTXHTXL
IRXUQLW XQOHPPHHWXQHFDW«JRULHJUDPPDWLFDOHSRXUFKDTXH PRWRFFXUUHQFH,OHVW
DSSOLTX« DYHF GHV SDUDP«WUDJHV GLVWLQFWV DX[ WH[WHV GHV GLII«UHQWV «WDWV GH ODQJXH
U«XQLVGDQVQRWUHFRUSXV1RXVSURF«GRQVHQVXLWH¢ODFRUUHFWLRQPDQXHOOHGHVOHPPHV
HWGHVFDW«JRULVDWLRQV/H7DEOHDXSU«VHQWHTXHOTXHVU«VXOWDWVFKLIIU«VUHODWLIV¢OD
OHPPDWLVDWLRQHW¢ODFDW«JRULVDWLRQDXWRPDWLTXHVHW¢OHXUFRUUHFWLRQPDQXHOOH
b
Tableau 1 - Résultats de la lemmatisation et de la catégorisation automatique, et de leur correction
manuelle
b
Nombre d’items traités par la
lemmatisation et la catégorisation
automatiques
Nombre d’items dont
le lemme et/ou la catégorie ont
été corrigés manuellement
0RWV
RFFXUUHQFHV b 33527
)RUPHV
JUDSKLTXHV b 7108
/HPPHV b 3971
23 $ORUVTXHPRLQVGHbGHVPRWVRFFXUUHQFHVQ«FHVVLWHQWXQHFRUUHFWLRQGXOHPPHGH
OD FDW«JRULH JUDPPDWLFDOH RX GHV GHX[ SUHVTXH b GHV IRUPHV VRQW FRQFHUQ«HV
)LQDOHPHQWSRXUSOXVGɛXQWLHUVGHVOHPPHVUHFHQV«VGDQVOHFRUSXVDXPRLQVXQH
IRUPHJUDSKLTXHDVXELXQHFRUUHFWLRQPDQXHOOHGHVRQOHPPHHWRXGHVDFDW«JRULH
24 3DUDLOOHXUVVL QRXV FRPSDURQVOHV SURSRUWLRQV GɛLWHPVGHFKDFXQH GHVbFDW«JRULHV
JUDPPDWLFDOHVPDMHXUHVDXVHLQGHOɛHQVHPEOHGHVOHPPHVUHFHQV«VDXPRLQVXQHIRLV
GDQVOHFRUSXVHWGHFHOXLGHVOHPPHVGRQWDXPRLQVXQHIRUPHJUDSKLTXHD«W«FRUULJ«
7DEOHDXQRXVREVHUYRQVGHVSURSRUWLRQVFRPSDUDEOHVGHYHUEHVHWGɛDGMHFWLIVDORUV
TXHOHV SURSRUWLRQV GHVQRPV FRPPXQV HWGHV QRPV SURSUHVVRQW FRQWUDVW«HVb OHV
SUHPLHUVVRQWIU«TXHQWVSDUPLOHVOHPPHVHWSOXVUDUHVSDUPLOHVOHPPHVFRUULJ«VOHV
VHFRQGVVRQWUDUHVSDUPLOHVOHPPHVHWQHWWHPHQWSOXVIU«TXHQWVSDUPLOHVOHPPHV
FRUULJ«V
b
Tableau 2 - Comparaison des proportions d’items des 4catégories grammaticales majeures
Lemmes de:
Nombre de lemmes distincts
produits par l’annotation
automatique
Nombre de lemmes distincts produits par
l’annotation automatique dont au moins un
appariement avec une forme graphique a été
corrigé
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
8
Verbes bb bb
Noms
communs bb bb
Adjectifs bb b
Noms
propres b b
Autres
catégories b b
Total bb bb
25 /DFRUUHFWLRQPDQXHOOHGHVU«VXOWDWVGHOɛDQQRWDWLRQPRUSKRV\QWD[LTXHHVWXQHW¤FKH
ORQJXHHWIDVWLGLHXVHPDLVXQHDQQRWDWLRQIDXWLYHLQGXLWGXEUXLWDORUVTXHFRUULJ«H
HOOH SDUWLFLSH FRPPH HVFRPSW« ¢ XQH G«WHFWLRQ DXWRPDWLTXH SOXV IUXFWXHXVH GHV
FRUUHVSRQGDQFHV
26 /HVFRUUHFWLRQVLQFLWHQWHQRXWUH¢REVHUYHUGHVHQVHPEOHVOH[LFDX[&ɛHVWOHFDVSRXU
OHVQRPVSURSUHVQRPEUHX[SDUPLOHVHQWU«HV¢FRUULJHUTXLSHUPHWWHQWGɛREVHUYHU
TXHOHU«VHDXGHVSHUVRQQDJHVHVWWUªVUHVWUHLQWGDQVOHVVRXUFHVDQFLHQQHVGXP\WKHHW
VLJQLILFDWLYHPHQWHQULFKLGDQVOHV U««FULWXUHV SRVW«ULHXUHV'DQVFHVGHUQLªUHV QRXV
WURXYRQV GHV GLHX[ GHV K«URV HW GHV OLHX[ GHV P\WKRORJLHV JUHFTXHV HW URPDLQHV
DXWDQW TXH GɛDXWUHV KRUL]RQV FXOWXUHOV Babylone Isis DX[TXHOV VɛDMRXWHQW TXHOTXHV
QRPVSURSUHVU«HOVRXILFWLIVBonaparteCoquardeauSDUIRLVWUªVPRGHUQHVAspivénin
Mohammed Ali*UHYLVVHG«ILQLWOHQRPSURSUHFRPPHmbFHOXLTXLQHSHXWVɛDSSOLTXHU
TXɛ¢XQVHXO¬WUHRXREMHWRX¢XQHFDW«JRULHGɛ¬WUHVRXGɛREMHWVSULVHQSDUWLFXOLHUbLO
LQGLYLGXDOLVH Oɛ¬WUH OɛREMHW RX OD FDW«JRULH TXɛLO G«VLJQHb} 0DLV (OXHUG UHPDUTXH
TXɛmbLO HVW GLIILFLOH GH WHQLU SRXU GH YUDLV QRPV SURSUHV OHV QRPV GH SHXSOHV HW
GɛKDELWDQWVOHVHQWLW«VQHVRQWSDVXQLTXHVRXGHYRLUXQQRPFRPPXQGDQVLa lune se
levaitb}/HVbDXWHXUVVɛDFFRUGHQWVXUOHIDLWTXHODIURQWLªUHHQWUHOHQRPSURSUHHWOH
QRPFRPPXQQɛHVWSDVIL[HHWUHVWHVRXYHQWGLIILFLOH¢G«WHUPLQHU1RXVOHFRQVWDWRQV
GDQVQRWUH FRUSXVDXVHLQGXTXHOOHVQRPVSURSUHV RFFXSHQW XQHSODFHVWUDW«JLTXH
/HXUVWDELOLW«U«I«UHQWLHOOHSHUPHWGHUHQYR\HU¢XQHFRQQDLVVDQFHFRPPXQHSDUWDJ«H
P¬PH¢WUDYHUVOHV«SRTXHVbOHVQRPVGHVGLHX[mbQHYDOHQWa prioriTXHSRXUOHXU
U«I«UHQW6LPSOHPHQWVXUFHVU«I«UHQWVSDUWLFXOLHUVVRQWYHQXVVɛDMRXWHUOHVYDOHXUVGH
VHQVO«JX«HVSDUODO«JHQGHb}idem&HODLPSOLTXHTXHOHOHFWHXUHVWFDSDEOHGɛLGHQWLILHU
OH U«I«UHQW PDOJU« OD YDULDWLRQ GX VLJQH TXL HVW IU«TXHQWH GDQV QRWUH FRUSXVb OHV
YDULDQWHVGHJUDSKLHVVRQWQRPEUHXVHVEurydiceEuridiceErudiceEridicebODUHODWLRQ
SDUWLFXOLªUH HQWUH OHV P\WKRORJLHV JUHFTXH HW URPDLQH IDLW GLII«UHU FHUWDLQHV
G«QRPLQDWLRQVHadèsPlutonbHWOɛHPSORLGHS«ULSKUDVHVGHVFULSWLYHVSDUIRLVXVXHOOHV
FRPPHOHV«SLWKªWHVKRP«ULTXHVVHIDLWVRXYHQWVDQVTXHOHQRPSURSUHQHILJXUHGDQV
OHFRQWH[WHHOOHVDVVXUHQWDORUVVHXOHVODG«QRPLQDWLRQ\FRPSULVGDQVOHVSDURGLHVOHV
SOXV«ORLJQ«HVGHVWH[WHVVRXUFHV
b
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
9
Entités nommées et détection des correspondances
27 6LOHVFRQQDLVVDQFHVFXOWXUHOOHVGXOHFWHXUOXLSHUPHWWHQWGɛDVVLJQHUXQU«I«UHQWXQLTXH
DX[ GLII«UHQWHV JUDSKLHV HW S«ULSKUDVHV GɛXQH HQWLW« OHXU DSSDULHPHQW
VHPLDXWRPDWLTXHVɛDYªUH¬WUHXQG«ILGHWDLOOH
28 'HSXLVOɛDSSDULWLRQGXFRQFHSWGɛHQWLW«QRPP«HGDQVOHVDQQ«HVbODG«WHFWLRQHWOD
FODVVLILFDWLRQGHVQRPVGHSHUVRQQHVRUJDQLVDWLRQVRXORFDOLVDWLRQVJ«RJUDSKLTXHVIRQW
OɛREMHWGHQRPEUHX[G«YHORSSHPHQWVLQIRUPDWLTXHVHWWDOLVWHV7RXWHIRLVUHODWLYHPHQW
SHXGHWHQWDWLYHVSRXUG«ILQLUHWSRXUSURSRVHUXQHW\SRORJLHGHVHQWLW«VQRPP«HV
VRQW OLQJXLVWLTXHVb /H 0HXU *DOOLDQR HW *HRIIURLV SDU H[HPSOH FRQVLGªUHQW OHV
HQWLW«VQRPP«HVFRPPHmbGHVW\SHVGɛXQLW«VOH[LFDOHVSDUWLFXOLHUVTXLIRQWU«I«UHQFH¢
XQHHQWLW«GXPRQGHFRQFUHWGDQVFHUWDLQVGRPDLQHVVS«FLILTXHVQRWDPPHQWKXPDLQV
VRFLDX[SROLWLTXHV«FRQRPLTXHVRXJ«RJUDSKLTXHVHWTXLRQWXQQRPW\SLTXHPHQWXQ
QRP SURSUH RX XQ DFURQ\PHb} /D G«ILQLWLRQ Gɛ(KUPDQQ HOOH FRPSOªWH OHV
SU«RFFXSDWLRQVWDOLVWHVSDUOH SRLQWGHYXHOLQJXLVWLTXHbmbRQDSSHOOHHQWLW« QRPP«H
WRXWHH[SUHVVLRQ OLQJXLVWLTXH TXLU«IªUH ¢XQH HQWLW«XQLTXH GX PRGªOHGH PDQLªUH
DXWRQRPHGDQVOHFRUSXVb}$ORUVTXHOHFRQFHSWHVWFU««SDUOH7$/SRXUU«SRQGUH¢
VHVEHVRLQVVS«FLILTXHVOɛHQWLW«QRPP«HQɛHQUHVWHSDVPRLQVVHORQODFKHUFKHXVHXQH
H[SUHVVLRQOLQJXLVWLTXHPRQRU«I«UHQWLHOOHTXLUHQYRLH¢XQHHQWLW«H[WUDOLQJXLVWLTXH
YRLUH¢XQU«I«UHQWXQLTXHHW DXWRQRPH TXLSHUPHW¢HOOHVHXOHOɛLGHQWLILFDWLRQ GX
U«I«UHQW &HWWH G«ILQLWLRQ SURFKH GH FHOOH GX QRP SURSUH PDLV PRLQV UHVWULFWLYH
U«SRQG¢QRWUHEHVRLQGHWUDLWHUFRQMRLQWHPHQWOHVQRPVSURSUHVHWOHXUVS«ULSKUDVHV
(Q UHYDQFKH OHV ORJLFLHOV GH UHFRQQDLVVDQFH GɛHQWLW«V QRPP«HV SURSRVHQW GHV
IRQFWLRQQDOLW«VTXLVHSU¬WHQWPDO¢QRVEHVRLQVbHQWUD°Q«VPDMRULWDLUHPHQW VXU GHV
FRUSXVFRQWHPSRUDLQVMRXUQDOLVWLTXHVRXMXULGLTXHVLOVVRQWWUªVSHUIRUPDQWVSRXUOD
G«OLPLWDWLRQ HW OD FDW«JRULVDWLRQ GHV HQWLW«V QRPP«HV SU«VHQWHV GDQV FHV W\SHV GH
FRUSXVGRQWOHVS«ULSKUDVHVVRQWHQQRPEUHSOXVUHVWUHLQWHWVRQWSOXVIRUPDOLV«TXHFH
QɛHVWOHFDVGDQVXQFRUSXVOLWW«UDLUH
29 3DU FRQV«TXHQW LO HVW GLIILFLOH GɛDSSOLTXHU OHV P«WKRGHV H[LVWDQWHV ¢ QRV EHVRLQV
VS«FLILTXHV2UOɛDSSDULHPHQWGHFHVHQWLW«VFRPSOH[HVHVWFUXFLDOSRXUOɛDP«OLRUDWLRQ
GHODG«WHFWLRQDXWRPDWLTXHGHVU«XWLOLVDWLRQVWH[WXHOOHV9R\RQVTXHOTXHVH[HPSOHVGX
U¶OHGHVGLII«UHQWHVG«QRPLQDWLRQVGɛHQWLW«V SU«VHQWHV DXVHLQGHVU«VXOWDWV REWHQXV
SRXUQRWUHFRUSXV
b
Amélioration de la pertinence de l’alignement des unités
linguistiques
30 3RXU DFF«GHU DX G«WDLO GHV UHODWLRQV OLQJXLVWLTXHV HQWUH H[WUDLWV G«WHFW«V
SDUDSKUDVHVUHIRUPXODWLRQVɣLOIDXWTXHOHVPLVHVHQUHODWLRQGHVH[WUDLWVSURSRV«HV
SDU7H[W3$,5 HW7UDFHU VRLHQWFRPSO«W«HV SDUOɛDSSDULHPHQW GHVOHPPHV FRPPXQV
1RXVDMRXWRQVSRXUFHODXQHSRVWDQQRWDWLRQGHVH[WUDLWVHQW¤FKDQWGHOɛ«ODUJLUDX[
UHODWLRQV V\QRQ\PLTXHV HW G«ULYDWLRQQHOOHV DYDQW GH G«OLPLWHU HW GɛDSSDULHU OHV
G«QRPLQDWLRQV GɛHQWLW«V FRUUHVSRQGDQWHV /ɛH[HPSOH GH WUDGXFWLRQV GH 9LUJLOH HQ
YHUVb$QRXVSHUPHWGHFRQVWDWHUTXHFHWWHRS«UDWLRQSHXWDP«OLRUHUODSHUWLQHQFHGH
OɛDOLJQHPHQWGHVXQLW«VOLQJXLVWLTXHVb
$9LUJLOHGéorgiquesb$bGHb&RXUQDQGWUDGvs8QQDWXUDOLVWHWUDG
OHPPHVLGHQWLTXHVb
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
10
Dmb(WFRPPHXQHIXP«H¢VHV\HX[GLVSDUXHbGDQVOɛDLUTXLOɛHQYLURQQHHOOHVɛHVW
FRQIRQGXHb ,O QɛHPEUDVVH TXɛXQH RPEUHb ¢ UHJUHWV VXSHUIOXVbb ,O YRXODLW OXL
SDUOHUHOOHQHOHYRLWSOXVbb OH 6W\[ HVW GHYDQW OXLbPDLVGHVRQQRLUULYDJHb
OɛDIIUHX[QRFKHUGHVPRUWVOXLG«IHQGOHSDVVDJHb}
Emb(OOHGLWHWVɛHQIXLWVɛ«YDSRUH¢ODYXHbFRPPHXQSHXGHIXP«HXQHYDSHXU
WHQXHb2USK«HHQYDLQOɛDSSHOOHHWGDQVOɛDLUODSRXUVXLWbbLO«WUHLQWOHQ«DQWbLO
HPEUDVVHODQXLWbbOHQRLUSDVVHXUOɛHQJDJH¢SDUWLUDXSOXVYLWHbHWOXLG«IHQG¢
MDPDLVGHIUDQFKLUOH&RF\WHb}
31 1RXV\WURXYRQVbOHPPHVFRPPXQVPDLVOHVbRFFXUUHQFHVGH noirQHGHYUDLHQWSDV
¬WUH DSSDUL«HVFDUHOOHVVRQWGHVFRQVWLWXDQWVGHbG«VLJQDWLRQV GɛHQWLW«VGLII«UHQWHV
6W\[ HW &KDURQ,OVHUDLWSU«I«UDEOHGH SRXYRLUDSSDULHUGɛXQHSDUWmbQRLUULYDJHb} HW
mb&RF\WHb}HWGHOɛDXWUHmbDIIUHX[QRFKHUGHVPRUWVb}HWmbQRLUSDVVHXUb}(QSOXVOHV
WUDGXFWHXUVQHUHQYRLHQWSDVDXP¬PHIOHXYH&KDURQHVWJ«Q«UDOHPHQWDVVRFL«DX6W\[
GRQW OH &RF\WH HVW XQ DIIOXHQW &HSHQGDQW FHV FRXUV GɛHDX SDUWDJHQW GHV
FDUDFW«ULVWLTXHVFRPPXQHVHW GDQV VHVüXYUHV9LUJLOH FRQVLGªUHOH&RF\WH FRPPH
IOHXYH SULQFLSDOGHV(QIHUV,OVɛDJLW GRQFGHbYDULDQWHVGHWUDGXFWLRQ DOWHUQDWLYHV¢
OɛHPSORLGXQRPFRPPXQpalusOHPDUDLVGDQVOɛRULJLQDODYDQWXQHPHQWLRQbYHUV
SOXVEDVGX6W\[
b
Écartement des détections non-pertinentes
32 /DSULVHHQFRPSWHGHVHQWLW«VQRPP«HVSHUPHW«JDOHPHQWGɛ«FDUWHURXGHFRQILUPHU
FHUWDLQHVG«WHFWLRQVb%b
%2YLGHMétamorphosesb3bGX5\HUWUDGvs'b1LVDUG«GOHPPHV
LGHQWLTXHVsynonymesradicauxcommunsb
Dmb'HO¢+\PHQOH'LHXGHVQRFHVY¬WXGɛXQHUREHGHMDXQHGRU«Vɛ«OHYDHQOɛDLU
SRXUDOOHUHQ7KUDFHR»OɛDSSHODLWODvoixGɛ2USK«HSRXUDVVLVWHU¢VRQmariageb}
Emb7DQGLVTXH SDU VHV accents OH FKDQWUH GH 7KUDFH HQWUD°QH VXU VHV SDV OHV
IRU¬WV OHVE¬WHVI«URFHV HWOHV URFKHUV«PXVYRLFL TXHGXKDXW GɛXQHFROOLQH OHV
EDFFKDQWHVIXULHXVHVDXVHLQFRXYHUWGHVDQJODQWHVG«SRXLOOHVDSHU©RLYHQW2USK«H
TXLmarieVHVFKDQWVDX[DFFRUGVGHVDO\UHb}
33 3RXUFHVWUDGXFWLRQVGɛ2YLGHSOXVLHXUVDSSDULHPHQWVRQWSX¬WUHIDLWVHQWUHGHVXQLW«V
OH[LFDOHVb bVXU OHV QRPV SURSUHV Thraceb Orphée bVXU OH UDGLFDO FRPPXQ mari
mariageb marier HW bJU¤FH ¢ OD V\QRQ\PLH voixb accents 2U OD PLVH HQ
FRUUHVSRQGDQFHHQWUHOHVH[WUDLWVQɛHVWSDVSHUWLQHQWH/ɛDQQRWDWLRQGHVG«VLJQDWLRQV
GɛHQWLW«VVɛDYªUHDORUVXWLOH mb/HFKDQWUHGH7KUDFHb}«WDQWXQHS«ULSKUDVH Gɛ2USK«H
VRQ FRQVWLWXDQW Thrace QH GRLW SDV ¬WUH DSSDUL«H LVRO«PHQW DYHF OH WRSRQ\PH Thrace
PDLVHOOHGRLWOɛ¬WUHJOREDOHPHQWDYHFOHQRPGXSRªWH(QSOXVbHQWLW«VGLII«UHQWHV
Hyménée GɛXQ F¶W« HW OHV Bacchantes GH OɛDXWUH VRQW «YRTX«HV DORUV TXɛDXFXQH
LQWHUDFWLRQQɛHVWG«WHFW«HHQWUHHOOHVGDQVOHVGLII«UHQWHVYHUVLRQVGXP\WKH3RXUGHV
HQWLW«VV\PEROLTXHVDXVVLRSSRV«HVTXHOHGLHXGHPDULDJHHWFHOOHVTXLRQWG«FKLTXHW«
2USK«HFHWWHFRRFFXUUHQFHFRQVWLWXHXQLQGLFHVXSSO«PHQWDLUHGHOɛDSSDULHPHQWIDXWLI
GHGHX[H[WUDLWV
b
Identication des procédés de réécriture
34 (QILQVHORQODFODVVLILFDWLRQGH%UXQHOOHVDPDOJDPHVHWOɛLQWHUYHQWLRQGHQRXYHDX[
SHUVRQQDJHVVRQWGHVSURF«G«VFRXUDQWVGHODPRGHUQLVDWLRQGXP\WKHGɛ2USK«H,OHVW
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
11
GRQFLPSRUWDQW GH SHUPHWWUH OɛDSSDULHPHQW GɛXQH HQWLW« QRPP«H SU«VHQWH GDQV OH
P\WKHDYHFXQHTXLHQSDUD°WH[W«ULHXUH&b
& 9LUJLOH Géorgiques -b5b7b&DEDUHW'XSDW\ WUDG vs $bHW $b(VTXLURV
Histoire des amants célèbres dans l’Antiquité OHPPHV LGHQWLTXHV
synonymesbb
DmbEnfin2USK«H UHYHQDLW GHV HQIHUV DSUªV DYRLU «FKDSS« ¢ WRXV OHV périls HW
(XU\GLFH UHQGXH¢VHV YüX[ remontait DX V«MRXU GH OD OXPLªUHHQVXLYDQW VRQ
«SRX[ DLQVL OɛDYDLW ordonné 3URVHUSLQH TXDQG XQ DFFªV GH délire VRXGDLQ
s’empara GH OɛDYHXJOHb amant IDXWH ELHQ SDUGRQQDEOH VL Oɛ(QIHUb VDYDLW
SDUGRQQHUbb}
Emb&ɛ«WDLWODFRQGLWLRQbdictéeSDUOH*UDQG3U¬WUHDéjàOHVGHX[DPDQWVDYDLHQW
UHSDVV« FHV OLHX[ REVFXUFLV SDU OHV W«QªEUHV HW SDU Oɛhorreur GH OD PRUWb LOV
s’acheminaientYHUVODOXPLªUHbTXDQGMHQHVDLVTXHOOHdémencesaisitOHWURS
IDLEOHamoureuxb IDXWH ELHQ SDUGRQQDEOH VDQV GRXWHVL OHV SU¬WUHVbVDYDLHQW
SDUGRQQHUbb}
35 /DFRUUHVSRQGDQFHDYHFXQHWUDGXFWLRQGH9LUJLOHU«YªOHTXHODU««FULWXUHGɛ(VTXLURV
(VTXLURVWUDQVSRVHOHP\WKHGDQVOɛJ\SWHDQFLHQQHbXQLW«VOH[LFDOHVRQW«W«DOLJQ«HV
GRQWbOHPPHVLGHQWLTXHVHWbUHODWLRQVV\QRQ\PLTXHV2UOHVG«QRPLQDWLRQVGɛHQWLW«V
FKDQJHQWbmb/ɛ(QIHUb} GHYLHQW mbOHVSU¬WUHVb} HW VD UHLQH mb3URVHUSLQHb} mbOH *UDQG
3U¬WUHb}3DUDLOOHXUVbS«ULSKUDVHVGɛ2USK«HVRQW¢QRWHUbmbOHWURSIDLEOHDPRXUHX[b}
HWmbOɛDYHXJOHDPDQWb}AmoureuxHWamantVRQWELHQDQQRW«VFRPPHV\QRQ\PHVPDLV
ULHQQH SHUPHW GɛDOLJQHU OHV TXDOLILFDWLIV faibleHW aveugle ,O HVW DORUV Q«FHVVDLUHGH
SDVVHUSDUXQHG«QRPLQDWLRQSOXVODUJHLFLOHJURXSHQRPLQDOSRXUUHQGUHFRPSWHGX
IDLWTXHOHVbDGMHFWLIVTXDOLILHQWODP¬PHHQWLW«2USK«HGDQVXQFRQWH[WHFRPSDUDEOH
b
Algorithme de détection et d’identication
36 3XLVTXH OHV WHFKQLTXHV GH UHFRQQDLVVDQFH DXWRPDWLTXH GɛHQWLW«V QRPP«HV QH QRXV
SHUPHWWHQW SDV GɛDOLJQHU OHV G«QRPLQDWLRQV GɛHQWLW«V FRUUHVSRQGDQWHV QRXV DYRQV
FRQ©XXQDOJRULWKPHFDSDEOHGHOHVORFDOLVHUHWGHOHVLGHQWLILHUTXɛLOVɛDJLVVHGHVQRPV
SURSUHVRXGHS«ULSKUDVHVFHTXLHVWXWLOHHQVRLHWTXLSHUPHWGHYDOLGHUODSHUWLQHQFH
GHODG«WHFWLRQ6DFRQFHSWXDOLVDWLRQD«W«IDFLOLW«HSDUOɛREVHUYDWLRQGHVPDQLªUHVGRQW
OD UHIRUPXODWLRQ HVW WUDLW«H GDQVGHV FRUSXV VS«FLILTXHV TXɛLOVVRLHQW OLWW«UDLUHV RX
WHUPLQRORJLTXHV 'H OɛDSSUHQWLVVDJH GHV UHODWLRQV PRUSKRORJLTXHV DX ILOWUDJH HW ¢
OɛDGDSWDWLRQGHVV\QRQ\PHVGHODODQJXHJ«Q«UDOH¢XQFRUSXVVS«FLDOLV«QRXVDYRQV
VXLYL GHV P«WKRGHV DSSOLTX«HV ¢ OD WHUPLQRORJLH P«GLFDOH 1RXV DYRQV «JDOHPHQW
«WXGL«OHVP«WKRGHVDXWRPDWLTXHVb
GɛH[WUDFWLRQGHVUHODWLRQVK\SHURQ\PLTXHVb
SDWURQVOH[LFRV«PDQWLTXHV
LQFOXVLRQOH[LFDOH
HWSRQFWXDWLRQ
HW GɛH[WUDFWLRQ GH WRSLTXHV GRQW QRXV UHWHQRQV SULQFLSDOHPHQW OD P«WKRGH
GɛLGHQWLILFDWLRQGHVWKªPHVVHORQbPDUTXHXUVb
OHVPDUTXHXUVOH[LFDX[GHVXUIDFHconcernant XHWFb
OHVPDUTXHXUVV\QWD[LTXHVOHVSRVLWLRQVUHODWLYHHWDEVROXHGHV61LQGLTXHQWR»
VHWURXYHQWOHWKªPHHWOHUKªPHb
OHVPDUTXHXUVU«I«UHQWLHOVGHVIDFWHXUVFRPPHODGLVWDQFHOHGHJU«GHVDLOODQFH
RXOHIDFWHXUSRVLWLRQQHOIDFLOLWHQWODG«WHFWLRQGXU«I«UHQWGɛXQHH[SUHVVLRQ
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
12
37 'DQVOHFDGUH GHQRWUHFRUSXV OHVPDUTXHXUVU«I«UHQWLHOV HW ODSULVH HQ FRPSWHGX
FRQWH[WHVRQW WUªV LPSRUWDQWV SRXU OD G«WHUPLQDWLRQ GHVU«I«UHQWV GHVS«ULSKUDVHV
DORUVTXHOHVPDUTXHXUVOH[LFDX[ GH VXUIDFHVRQWSOXW¶WUDUHV1RXV FRQVWDWRQV SDU
H[HPSOHb
TXHODFRQVWUXFWLRQGHOɛDGMHFWLImalheureuxVXLYLRXSU«F«G«GɛXQQRPGɛKXPDLQ
PDVFXOLQ VLQJXOLHU G«VLJQH 2USK«H GDQV b GHV FDV FRPPH OɛDGMHFWLI furieux
DSSDUD°WXQLTXHPHQWGDQVODG«VLJQDWLRQGHV%DFFKDQWHVb
TXHVLQRXVUHQFRQWURQVXQHH[SUHVVLRQU«I«UHQWLHOOHG«VLJQDQWXQHHQWLW«GHVH[H
PDVFXOLQ HW FRQVLG«U«H VHXOH OHV FKDQFHV TXɛLO VɛDJLVVH Gɛ2USK«H DXJPHQWHQW
VLJQLILFDWLYHPHQWVLOHQRPRXXQHS«ULSKUDVHGɛ(XU\GLFHDSSDUD°W¢SUR[LPLW«b
RXHQFRUHTXHOHQRPépouse G«VLJQHWRXMRXUV(XU\GLFHTXDQGLOHVWSU«F«G«GɛXQ
DUWLFOHG«ILQLHWTXɛLOHVWG«SRXUYXGHFRPSO«PHQW
38 $LQVLQRXVFRPELQRQVSOXVLHXUVDSSURFKHVSRXU«WDEOLUXQ«FKDQWLOORQGɛH[SDQVLRQVGH
QRPV SURSUHV HW GH S«ULSKUDVHVFDQGLGDWHV H[WUDLW GHV U«VXOWDWV GH OD G«WHFWLRQ
DXWRPDWLTXH GHV FRUUHVSRQGDQFHV /HV U«VXOWDWV VRQW DQQRW«V DX QLYHDX GHV PRWV
OHPPHHWFDW«JRULHJUDPPDWLFDOHHWGHVV\QWDJPHVJUDPPDWLFDX[W\SHHWQR\DX
1RXVSURF«GRQVHQVXLWH¢bW\SHVGɛH[WUDFWLRQVTXHQRXVSU«VHQWRQVHQ7DEOHDXHW
TXHQRXVLOOXVWURQVDYHFTXHOTXHVG«QRPLQDWLRQVGH3OXWRQDWWHVW«HVGDQVOHFRUSXV
b
Tableau 3 - Différentes dénominations de Pluton
Type Exemples
1RPSURSUHQR\DXGɛXQV\QWDJPHTXLHVWGRQF
XQ61S
mbOHWHUULEOH+DGªVb}
mbOHIDURXFKH3OXWRQDX[FDXFKHPDUVGɛHQIDQWb}
mb3OXWRQTXLGRPLQHGDQVFHVWULVWHVOLHX[b}
61S FRPSO«PHQW GɛXQ QRP FRPPXQ QR\DX
GɛXQV\QWDJPH61F
mbOHURLGɛ(QIHUb}
mbOHWHUULEOHPDULGH3URVHUSLQHb}
mbGLHX3OXWRQb}
61FDSSRV«¢XQ61S
mb3OXWRQOHXUJUDQGURLb}
mb+DGªV OɛLPSLWR\DEOH VRXYHUDLQGHV (QIHUVTXH
WRXWOHPRQGHKDLWb}
3URQRPG«PRQVWUDWLIVXLYLGɛXQHVXERUGRQQ«H
UHODWLYH
mbFHOXLTXHWRXWOHPRQGHKDLWb}
mbFHOXLTXLJRXYHUQHOHVEDVOLHX[b}
39 /ɛDQDO\VH HPSLULTXH HW OɛLQWHUURJDWLRQ GH Oɛ«FKDQWLOORQ DLQVL REWHQX SHUPHWWHQW GH
U«DIILUPHU TXHOTXHV FRQQDLVVDQFHV DQW«ULHXUHPHQW «WDEOLHV OɛDVVLJQDWLRQ GH
TXDOLILFDWLIV VS«FLILTXHV¢FHUWDLQVSHUVRQQDJHVGH FRQILUPHUTXHOTXHVLQWXLWLRQVOH
UHQYRL V\VW«PDWLTXH ¢ (XU\GLFH FRPPH épouse HW HQILQ GH PLHX[ FRPSUHQGUH OHV
SURF«G«V OLQJXLVWLTXHV LPSOLTX«V GDQV OD J«Q«UDWLRQ GHV S«ULSKUDVHV PDUTXHXUV
OH[LFDX[ V\QWD[LTXHV HW U«I«UHQWLHOV *U¤FH DX[ FRQQDLVVDQFHV HQULFKLHV GH QRWUH
FRUSXV DFTXLVHV WDQW ORUV GH VRQ H[SORUDWLRQ PDQXHOOH TXH SHQGDQW OHV «WDSHV
GɛDQQRWDWLRQHWGHFRUUHFWLRQGHVU«VXOWDWVG«FULWHVsupraQRXVSRXYRQVPLHX[G«ILQLU
QRVEHVRLQVSRXUOHWUDLWHPHQWGHVG«QRPLQDWLRQVGɛHQWLW«V
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
13
40 /ɛREVHUYDWLRQ GH WUDYDX[H[LVWDQWVHWOɛDQDO\VHGH Oɛ«FKDQWLOORQH[WUDLWGXFRUSXVRQW
IDFLOLW«ODFRQFHSWLRQGɛXQWUDLWHPHQWSHUPHWWDQWGɛH[WUDLUHHWGɛLGHQWLILHUXQHSDUWLH
GHV G«QRPLQDWLRQV GɛHQWLW«V DWWHVW«HV GDQV OH FRUSXV &HV GRQQ«HV SHUPHWWHQW G«M¢
GɛDP«OLRUHU OD SHUWLQHQFH GH OɛDOLJQHPHQW GHV XQLW«V OH[LFDOHV Gɛ«FDUWHU FHUWDLQV
FRXSOHVQRQSHUWLQHQWVHWGɛDSSURIRQGLUQRWUHREVHUYDWLRQGHVSURF«G«VGHU««FULWXUH
0DLVXQLQYHQWDLUHGHVG«QRPLQDWLRQVGɛHQWLW«VJ«Q«U«¢SDUWLUGXFRUSXVVHXOHVWWURS
SDXYUHGDQVOHVHQVR»LOSHUPHWVHXOHPHQWGHWUDLWHUFHFRUSXVɘbHWHQFRUHVDQVSDOOLHU
OHVDEVHQFHVLQGXLWHVSDUGHVRXEOLVRXGHVLQDWWHQWLRQVGHOɛDQDO\VHKXPDLQHbɘHWR»LO
OH IDLW VDQV DQWLFLSHU GHV FDV GH ILJXUH SOXV ODUJHV SRWHQWLHOOHPHQW SU«VHQWV GDQV
GɛDXWUHVU««FULWXUHVGXP\WKHQRQLQFOXVGDQVOHFRUSXVSRXUOHPRPHQW3DUDLOOHXUV
DXVHLQGHVSURMHWV+1XQHOLJQHGLUHFWULFHFRPPXQHHVWGHSURGXLUHGHVRXWLOVHWGHV
GRQQ«HVU«H[SORLWDEOHVTXLSHXYHQW¬WUHDGDSW«VDXWUDLWHPHQWGɛDXWUHVFRUSXV$X
GHO¢GHQRWUHSURMHWXQUHFHQVHPHQWGHVHQWLW«VHWOHXUVG«QRPLQDWLRQVFRQVWLWXHXQH
UHVVRXUFH SRXYDQW LQW«UHVVHU QRQ VHXOHPHQW GHV OLWW«UDLUHV PDLV DXVVL GHV
SUDJPDWLFLHQV GHV RQRPDVWLFLHQV GHV OH[LFRJUDSKHVɣ (Q RXWUH XQH P«WKRGH GH
G«WHFWLRQHWGɛLGHQWLILFDWLRQDGDSWDEOH¢ODVS«FLILFLW«GHFKDTXHFRUSXVSHXWVɛDY«UHU
PLHX[H[SORLWDEOHQRWDPPHQWSRXUGHVSURMHWV+1OLWW«UDLUHVRXKLVWRULTXHVTXHOHV
RXWLOVH[LVWDQWVDSSX\«VVXUGXIUDQ©DLVFRXUDQWHWFRQWHPSRUDLQ7RXWFHODLPSOLTXH
QRWDPPHQWTXHQRXVGHYRQVUHQGUHOHVUHVVRXUFHVSURGXLWHVLQWHURS«UDEOHVHWIDFLOHV¢
SDUWDJHUHQOHVVWUXFWXUDQWHQUHVSHFWGɛXQVWDQGDUGH[LVWDQWGRFXPHQW«HWFRQQXGH
ODFRPPXQDXW«
41 &ɛHVW SRXU FHOD TXH QRXV H[SORURQV OHV UHVVRXUFHV SURGXLWHV DX VHLQ GH bSURMHWV
H[LVWDQWV'HPRFUDWHW352/(;TXHQRXVQRXVHQLQVSLURQV SRXU RUJDQLVHU QRWUH
LQYHQWDLUHGHVG«QRPLQDWLRQVGɛHQWLW«VHWTXHQRXVG«FLGRQVGHFRQVWUXLUHbOH[LTXHV
FRQMRLQWHPHQWQ«FHVVDLUHVSRXUOɛH[WUDFWLRQHWOɛLGHQWLILFDWLRQXQLYRTXHGHVU«I«UHQWV
GɛXQHSDUWLHGHVG«QRPLQDWLRQVGɛHQWLW«V
42 /HSUHPLHUOH[LTXHFRQ©XUHJURXSH OHV QRPVFRPPXQVVXVFHSWLEOHVGɛ¬WUHHPSOR\«V
GDQVGHVH[SUHVVLRQVG«QRPLQDWLYHVRXGHVSURF«G«VGɛLQFOXVLRQOH[LFDOH&HVQRPVRQW
«W« H[WUDLWV SULQFLSDOHPHQW GX FRUSXV DQQRW« DX VHLQ GX SURMHW 'HPRFUDW SRXU
WUDYDLOOHU VXU OHV FKD°QHV GH FRU«I«UHQFH /H FRUSXV FRQVWLWX« GɛXQ «FKDQWLOORQ
GɛXQHVRL[DQWDLQHGHWH[WHVHQIUDQ©DLVGHJHQUHVYDUL«VURPDQPDQXHOGɛ«GXFDWLRQ
DUWLFOHVHQF\FORS«GLTXHV WH[WH MXULGLTXHHW Gɛ«SRTXHVGLII«UHQWHV HQWUH OH;,H HW OH
;;,HbVHVWDQQRW«PDQXHOOHPHQWSRXUIRXUQLUOHVU«I«UHQWVGHWRXWHVOHVH[SUHVVLRQV
S«ULSKUDVWLTXHVRXSURQRPLQDOHVUHQFRQWU«HV1RXVH[SORLWRQV FHV DQQRWDWLRQV SRXU
H[WUDLUHbGHVW¬WHVOH[LFDOHVGHVS«ULSKUDVHVDQQRW«HV1RXVVWUXFWXURQVODOLVWHDLQVL
REWHQXHHQ;0/7(,HQPRELOLVDQW XQFKRL[GɛDWWULEXWVSRXUVS«FLILHUODQDWXUHGH
FKDTXH QRP HW VHV TXHOTXHV WUDLWV V«PDQWLTXHV 3DU H[HPSOH mari RX époux VRQW
DQQRW«VFRPPHanthroponymesUHODWLIVDXWKªPHGHOɛamourHWG«FULYDQWXQHUHODWLRQ
GH liaison 'D HW roi RX prince VRQW FRQVLG«U«V FRPPH titres GX SRXYRLU 'E
FRQWUDLUHPHQWDX[QRPVmaîtreRXsouverainTXLH[SULPHQWXQHfonctionQRQIRUPDOLV«H
'F
' /H[LTXHGHQRPV FRPPXQVSRWHQWLHOOHPHQW SRUWHXUVGHS«ULSKUDVHV DWWULEXWb
valeur
D mari → JURXSHbanthroponymeWKªPHbamourUHODWLRQbliaison
E. roi → JURXSHbanthroponymeWKªPHbrègneUHODWLRQbtitre
F. maître → JURXSHbanthroponymeWKªPHbrègneUHODWLRQbfonction
43 &H OH[LTXHHVWFRXSO«¢XQ DXWUHTXLHVWHQ IDLWXQHVWUXFWXUHGHUHFHQVHPHQW HWGH
FDW«JRULVDWLRQGHV QRPVSURSUHV SU«VHQWV GDQV QRWUH FRUSXV3RXU VDPRG«OLVDWLRQ
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
14
QRXVQRXVDSSX\RQVFHWWHIRLVFLVXUOHSURMHW352/(;HWVRQOH[LTXHPXOWLOLQJXHGHV
HQWLW«V QRPP«HV H[WUDLWHV GɛXQ FRUSXV MRXUQDOLVWLTXH FRQWHPSRUDLQ 1RXV HQ
UHWHQRQVOH V\VWªPH GɛLGHQWLILFDWLRQGHV HQWU«HVOHXUV GLII«UHQWHV YDULDQWHVHW OHXUV
G«ULY«V6HORQFHSULQFLSH3OXWRQ(SDUH[HPSOHHVWFDUDFW«ULV«FRPPHdieuPDLV
DXVVLFRPPHroi(DHWDVVRFL«¢XQLGHQWLILDQWXQLTXH(E/HVDXWUHVQRPVSURSUHV
TXLOHG«VLJQHQWHadèsAïdonnée(EVRQWUHJURXS«HVHQWDQWTXH3,9276DVVRFL«V¢OD
IRUPH Pluton FRQVLG«U«H FRPPH 120 /H QRP HW OHV SLYRWV SHXYHQW HQWUHWHQLU GHV
UHODWLRQVVS«FLILTXHV HQWUH HX[bPluton HW Hadès VRQW GHV YDULDQWHVGLDFKURQLTXHV HW
GLDWRSLTXHV WDQGLV TXɛAïdonée HVW XQH YDULDQWH GLDSKDVLTXH GH Pluton 1RXV
UHQVHLJQRQV«JDOHPHQWTXɛLOVɛDJLWGɛXQanthroponymeG«VLJQDQWXQHVHXOHSHUVRQQHGX
JHQUH masculin(F HW QRXV DMRXWRQV GHV DWWULEXWV TXL SHUPHWWHQW GɛH[SULPHU GHV
UHODWLRQVHQWUHFHWWH HQWLW« HWGɛDXWUHVSDUHQWV PHPEUHV GHODIUDWULH HWF (G
1RXV DMRXWRQV HQ RXWUH (H GHV DOLDV JUDSKLTXHV Pluto, Plouton HW GHV G«ULY«V
plutonien, plutonique, plutoniste
((QWU«HVLPSOLIL«HPlutonDWWULEXWbvaleurb
D*URXSHbanthroponymesW\SHbdieuVXEW\SHbroi
E,GHQWLILDQWbplutonQRPbPlutonSLYRWbHadèsSLYRWbAïdonée
F&ROOHFWLIbnon, JHQUHbmasculin
G 3ªUHbSaturnePªUHbCybèle IUDWULHbNeptune JupiterOLDLVRQbProserpine UªJQHb
Enfers
H $OLDVb Pluto $/,$6b Plouton '5,9b plutonien, '5,9 b plutonique, '5,9b
plutoniste
44 *U¤FH¢ODFROODERUDWLRQGHVbOH[LTXHVQRXVFRQFHYRQVXQDOJRULWKPH¢EDVHGHUªJOHV
SHUPHWWDQW GɛH[WUDLUH GHV V\QWDJPHV VXVFHSWLEOHV Gɛ¬WUH GHV S«ULSKUDVHV HW GDQV
FHUWDLQVFDVIDYRUDEOHVGɛLGHQWLILHUOɛHQWLW«¢ODTXHOOHLOVVRQWU«I«U«V7RXWGɛDERUGOD
WRWDOLW«GXFRUSXVHVWSDUFRXUXH¢ODUHFKHUFKHGHVV\QWDJPHVGRQWODW¬WHHVWVRLWXQ
QRP GɛHQWLW« VRLW XQ QRP FRPPXQ SU«VHQW GDQV OH SUHPLHU OH[LTXH 5HSUHQRQV
OɛH[HPSOHGH3OXWRQDXTXHOQRXVYRXORQVDVVLJQHUODS«ULSKUDVHmbURLGHV(QIHUVb}./H
SUHPLHUILOWUDJHGHVG«QRPLQDWLRQVGɛHQWLW«VFDQGLGDWHVVHIDLWHQIRQFWLRQGHODQDWXUH
GXQRPFRPPXQRoi«WDQWXQWLWUHGHSRXYRLUQRXVUHWHQRQVXQLTXHPHQWGHVHQWU«HV
GH62867<3(broi 3RXUQRWUHFRUSXVFɛHVWOHFDVGHbHQWLW«VQRPP«HVbKXPDLQVHW
bGLHX[(QVXLWHOHVDXWUHVFRPSRVDQWVGXV\QWDJPHVRQWSULVHQFRPSWHQRWDPPHQW
OHV FRPSO«PHQWV 3RXU OD W¬WH GX FRPSO«PHQW GX QRP mb(QIHUVb} QRXV UHWHQRQV
VHXOHPHQWOHVHQWU«HVSRXUOHVTXHOOHVOɛDWWULEXWUªJQHDODYDOHXUEnfers&ɛHVWOHFDVGH
3OXWRQHWGH3URVHUSLQHPDLVOHQRPFRPPXQroi SHXWXQLTXHPHQWG«VLJQHUGHVHQWLW«V
GHVH[HPDVFXOLQFɛHVWGRQFODSUHPLªUHHQWLW«TXLHVWFRQVLG«U«HFRPPH«WDQWOHERQ
U«I«UHQW'DQVOHFDVGɛXQHS«ULSKUDVHLPEULTX«HGDQVXQHDXWUHSDUH[HPSOHSRXUmbOH
URLGXW«Q«EUHX[HPSLUHb} FɛHVWODS«ULSKUDVHLPEULTX«H mbW«Q«EUHX[ HPSLUHb}TXL
VHUDLGHQWLIL«HODSUHPLªUHHWODUHFRQQDLVVDQFHGHODS«ULSKUDVHHQJOREDQWHVHIHUD¢
OɛDLGHGHVRQLGHQWLILDQW
45 3HXSHUIRUPDQW DXG«EXW QRWDPPHQW ¢ FDXVH GɛXQHG«WHFWLRQ DVVH]LPSRUWDQWH GH
V\QWDJPHVQRQS«ULSKUDVWLTXHVmbXQHIHPPHYRODJHb}mbOHVKRPPHVPDUL«Vb}HWGɛXQH
FDSDFLW« GɛLGHQWLILFDWLRQ OLPLW«H mb«SRXVH Gɛ2USK«Hb} HVW ELHQ LGHQWLIL« FRPPH
G«VLJQDQW(XU\GLFH PDLV SDV mbOD PDOKHXUHXVH«SRXVHb} FHWDOJRULWKPH HVWHW GRLW
HQFRUH¬WUHDP«OLRU«DXILOGHVWUDLWHPHQWVWDQW¶WPDQXHOOHPHQWWDQW¶WHQH[SORLWDQW
OɛDSSDULHPHQWGHVFRXSOHVGHFRUUHVSRQGDQFHV)b
)9LUJLOHGéorgiques:'b1LVDUG«Gbvs$b'HVSRUWHVWUDG
>0HQWLRQGHOɛHQWLW«QRPP«H@,GHQWLILDQWb
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
15
Dmb,O YLW >OH SURIRQG UR\DXPHGH >3OXWRQ@3OXWRQ@(QIHUV HWVHV ERLV TXL UHPSOLVVHQW
OɛKRUUHXU HW OHV W«QªEUHV HW >OHV P¤QHV@0¤QHV HW >OH WHUULEOH URL GHV
>HQIHUV@(QIHUV@3OXWRQb}
E mb,OGHVFHQGLWGDQV >OHVDE°PHVGHV(QIHUV@(QIHUVb HWWUDYHUVDQWGH YDVWHVIRU¬WV
QRLU V«MRXU GH OD FUDLQWH LO DERUGD >OHV 0¤QHV@0¤QHV HW SDUXW GHYDQW >OɛDIIUHX[
PRQDUTXH@b"b}
46 3RXUFHFRXSOHODS«ULSKUDVHmbOHWHUULEOHURLGHVHQIHUVb})DD«W«DVVLJQ«H¢3OXWRQ
«YRTX«FODLUHPHQWSOXVKDXW0DLVFHQɛHVWSDVOHFDVSRXUmbDIIUHX[PRQDUTXHb}GHOD
SKUDVH FRUUHVSRQGDQWH )E TXL QH SU«FLVH SDV OHV (QIHUV FRPPH FRPSO«PHQW GH
monarque /D UHODWLRQ V\QRQ\PLTXH HQWUH roi HW monarque DLQVL TXH OHXU UHS«UDJH
FRPPH FDQGLGDWHV HQWLW«V QRPP«HV DYHF XQH LGHQWLILFDWLRQ GH 3OXWRQ SRXU OD
SUHPLªUH HWVDQVLGHQWLILFDWLRQSRXUODGHX[LªPHSHUPHWQRQVHXOHPHQW ODPLVHHQ
UHODWLRQPDLVDXVVLGɛDVVRFLHU3OXWRQ¢ODS«ULSKUDVHmbDIIUHX[PRQDUTXHb}SRXUFHWWH
RFFXUUHQFH HW SRXU WRXWHV FHOOHV TXL SRXUUDLHQW DSSDUD°WUH GDQV GɛDXWUHV WH[WHV GX
FRUSXV
47 /H UHJURXSHPHQW HW OD VFK«PDWLVDWLRQ GHV S«ULSKUDVHV G«M¢ LGHQWLIL«HV SHUPHWWHQW
«JDOHPHQWGɛ«ODUJLUOD IRUPDOLVDWLRQ GHV G«QRPLQDWLRQV DOWHUQDWLYHV SDU H[HPSOHHQ
DMRXWDQWGHVPRWVFO«VIU«TXHPPHQWHPSOR\«VSRXUG«VLJQHUFHWWHHQWLW«QRPP«H(Q
)LJXUHQRXVSU«VHQWRQVXQHVFK«PDWLVDWLRQVLPSOLIL«HVRXVIRUPHGHJUDSKHGɛXQH
SDUWLHGHVS«ULSKUDVHVGH3OXWRQH[WUDLWHVGXFRUSXV
b
Figure 1 - Graphe simplié d’une partie des périphrases de Pluton attestées dans le corpus
48 /HVS«ULSKUDVHVGH3OXWRQLQVLVWHQWU«JXOLªUHPHQWVXUVDGLYLQLW«RXVDUR\DXW«,OHVW
DXVVL«YRTX«FRPPH ILOVGH 6DWXUQH HW«SRX[ GH 3URVHUSLQH/HV QRPV FRPPXQVOH
G«VLJQDQW VRQW SUHVTXH WRXMRXUV DFFRPSDJQ«V GɛXQ FRPSO«PHQW SDUIRLV DXVVL
Gɛ«SLWKªWHV DQW«SRV«HV RX SRVWSRV«HV &HV GHUQLªUHV SHXYHQW ¬WUH GLYLV«HV HQ
bFKDPSVOH[LFDX[(QWDQWTXHURL3OXWRQHVWWRXWDXVVLORX«puissantformidableTXH
FUDLQW impitoyable terrible PDLV OHV «SLWKªWHV TXL DFFRPSDJQHQW OH QRP dieu VRQW
SOXW¶WQHXWUHVHWOL«HVDX[FDUDFW«ULVWLTXHVGHVRQUR\DXPHsouterrain'HVDGMHFWLIV
Q«JDWLIVXQLTXHPHQWRQW«W«UHFHQV«VSDUPLOHVFRQVWUXFWLRQVDYHFOHQRPépoux
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
16
49 &HVLQIRUPDWLRQVQRXVSHUPHWWUDLHQWSRWHQWLHOOHPHQWGɛHQULFKLUOHVSRLQWVGHUHSªUH
TXLSHUPHWWHQW GH SURF«GHUDX[ H[WUDFWLRQVHW SDUH[HPSOH GɛDVVLJQHU ¢3OXWRQ OD
S«ULSKUDVH GHVFULSWLYH mbVRXYHUDLQH SXLVVDQFH VRXV TXL WRXW WUHPEOH HQ FH PRUQH
UR\DXPHb}HWGHSU«YRLUGɛDXWUHVG«QRPLQDWLRQVSRVVLEOHVDWWHVW«HVGDQVOH FRUSXV
PDLVSDVHQFRUHDVVLJQ«HV¢XQU«I«UHQWYRLUHDEVHQWHVGHVWH[WHVPDLVH[SORLWDEOHV
SDUH[HPSOHSRXUODG«WHFWLRQDXWRPDWLTXHGɛDOOXVLRQVDXP\WKHGDQVGɛDXWUHVFRUSXV
&HV S«ULSKUDVHV mbK\SRWK«WLTXHVb} FRPELQHQW FRPPH FHOOHV TXL VRQW DWWHVW«HV
GLII«UHQWVFRPSRVDQWVSU«VHQWVGDQVOHJUDSKHmbLPSLWR\DEOHGLHXb}mbVRPEUHILOVGH
6DWXUQHb}ɣYRLUHHQOHVUHPSOD©DQWSDUOHXUVV\QRQ\PHVmbLQWUDLWDEOHGHVSRWHb}
b
Conclusion
50 /DG\QDPLTXHGHV+1SURSRV«HSDU%XUQDUGSHXW¬WUHFRPSO«W«HVHORQ3LHUD]]RSDU
XQHTXDWULªPHS«ULRGHDFWXHOOHDigital XOHX«WDQWXQH YDULDEOH TXHFKDFXQSHXW
UHPSODFHUSDU OH QRPGH VRQSURSUH FKDPS Gɛ«WXGHFH TXLH[SULPH OD PXOWLSOLFLW«
FURLVVDQWHGHVP«WKRGHVHWDSSURFKHVDXVHLQGHV+1 DXSRLQWTXHSDUDGR[DOHPHQW
GDQVFHGRPDLQHRQSRXUUDLWSUHVTXHFRQVLG«UHUTXHVHXOFKDTXHFKHUFKHXUSHXWOXL
P¬PHGLUHVɛLOFRQWULEXHDX[+1/HQRPGHFHWWHGHUQLªUHS«ULRGHVHPEOH«YRTXHUXQ
FHUWDLQFORLVRQQHPHQWGLVFLSOLQDLUHGHV+1FRQWUDLUH¢ODGLPHQVLRQFROODERUDWLYHGX
FKDPS2UGDQVQRWUHSURMHWOHGLDORJXHLQWHUGLVFLSOLQDLUHHVWLQGLVSHQVDEOHFRPPH
QRXVHVS«URQVOɛDYRLUPRQWU«GDQVFHWDUWLFOH
51 (QSU«VHQWDQWQRWUHSURMHWQRXVDPELWLRQQLRQVGɛLOOXVWUHUGɛXQFHUWDLQSRLQWGHYXHOD
SODFH GHV WUDLWHPHQWV OLQJXLVWLTXHV DX VHLQ GHV SURMHWV +1 WRXW HQ LQVLVWDQW VXU
OɛLPSRUWDQFHGXGLDORJXHHWGHOɛ«FKDQJHGHVFRQQDLVVDQFHVGHVSUDWLTXHVPDLVDXVVL
GHVGRQQ«HV0DOJU«XQUDWWDFKHPHQWSULQFLSDOHQOLWW«UDWXUHFRPSDU«HOHSURMHWTXH
QRXVSRUWRQVLQFOXWGHVTXHVWLRQVOLQJXLVWLTXHVVRXOHY«HVSDUQRVWUDLWHPHQWVTXɛLOV
VRLHQW LQIRUPDWLTXHV RX HPSLULTXHV 1RXV FRQVWDWRQV DLQVL TXH GHV WUDLWHPHQWV
OLQJXLVWLTXHVILQVSRXUVXSSO«HUDX[OLPLWHVGHVORJLFLHOV7UDFHUHW7H[W3$,5RXU«DOLV«V
SRXUHX[P¬PHVLQGXLVHQWXQHU«HOOHDP«OLRUDWLRQGHVG«WHFWLRQVGHVFRUUHVSRQGDQFHV
WH[WXHOOHV (Q G«ILQLWLYH VL OHV +1 SHXYHQW FRQWLQXHU ¢ VH G«YHORSSHU FɛHVW HQ
DSSURIRQGLVVDQW OHXU GLPHQVLRQ FROODERUDWLYH &HWWH FRRS«UDWLRQ QɛLPSOLTXH SDV
VHXOHPHQWGHV«FKDQJHVHQWUHOHVGLVFLSOLQHVPDLVDXVVLODFRPELQDLVRQGHGLII«UHQWHV
DSSURFKHV DX VHLQ GɛXQ P¬PH GRPDLQH /LQJXLVWLTXH HW 7$/ UHFKHUFKHV OLWW«UDLUHV
WUDGLWLRQQHOOHVHWLQIRUPDWLV«HVɣ
52 'DQVOHFKDPSSDUWLFXOLªUHPHQWYDVWHHWK«W«URJªQHGHV+1OHU¶OHGHODODQJXHSHXW
GLII«UHU GɛXQ SURMHW ¢ OɛDXWUH PDLV QRXV VRPPHV FHUWDLQHV TXH OɛLQW«JUDWLRQ GH
P«WKRGHV OLQJXLVWLTXHV GH TXDOLW« QRWDPPHQW SRXU OD SU«SDUDWLRQ HW OɛDQDO\VH
SU«OLPLQDLUHGXFRUSXVQHSHXW¬WUHTXHE«Q«ILTXH/ɛLQWHURS«UDELOLW«HWOHSDUWDJHGHV
GRQQ«HVHWGHVXVDJHVOɛRUJDQLVDWLRQGHUHQFRQWUHVLQWHUGLVFLSOLQDLUHVHWODFRQFHSWLRQ
GH SURMHWV DX VHLQ Gɛ«TXLSHV GLYHUVLIL«HV HW SRO\YDOHQWHV UHQGHQW SRVVLEOHV GH
VWLPXODQWHVG«FRXYHUWHVTXLQHVRQWSDVWRXMRXUVU«DOLVDEOHVGDQVOHFDGUHUHVWUHLQWGH
VRQGRPDLQHGHVS«FLDOLW«$LQVLDXVHLQGHV+1GHVSURMHWVWUªVGLII«UHQWVIRFDOLV«V
VXUODWHUPLQRORJLHP«GLFDOHODFRQFHSWLRQGɛXQPRWHXUGHUHFKHUFKHWK«PDWLTXHRX
HQFRUH OɛDQQRWDWLRQ GHV FKD°QHV GH FRU«I«UHQFH LPSO«PHQWHQW GHV P«WKRGHV TXL
VɛDYªUHQW H[SORLWDEOHV SRXUOHUHS«UDJHGHVS«ULSKUDVHV HWOɛLGHQWLILFDWLRQGHVHQWLW«V
TXɛHOOHVQRPPHQWDXVHLQGɛXQFRUSXVOLWW«UDLUHGHU««FULWXUHVGXP\WKHGɛ2USK«HHW
(XU\GLFH 1RXV HVS«URQV GH QRWUH F¶W« SDUYHQLU ¢ SURGXLUH GHV GRQQ«HV PLHX[
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
17
H[SORLWDEOHV SDU GHV OLQJXLVWHV HQ UHVWDQW DWWHQWLYHV DX[ EHVRLQV VS«FLILTXHV GH FH
GRPDLQHHW¢YDORULVHUGɛDXWDQWSOXVOɛKLVWRLUHFRPPXQHGHVUHFKHUFKHVOLWW«UDLUHVHW
OLQJXLVWLTXHVGDQVOHFRQWH[WHQXP«ULTXH
NOTES
1.9RLUKWWSVZKDWLVGLJLWDOKXPDQLWLHVFRP
2. mb7KHEHVW ZD\ ,ɛYH IRXQG WR GHVFULEH ZKDW 'LJLWDO +XPDQLWLHV LV >ɣ@ XVLQJ D TXRWH IURP
7KRPDV3\QFKRQɛVCrying of Lot 49ɝ<RXNQRZZKDWDPLUDFOHLVɣDQRWKHUZRUOGɛVLQWUXVLRQLQWR
WKLVRQHɞb}1RXVWUDGXLVRQV
3./RX%XUQDUGmb'X literary and linguistic computingDX[ digital humanitiesbUHWRXUVXUbDQVGH
UHODWLRQVHQWUHVFLHQFHVKXPDLQHVHWLQIRUPDWLTXHb}in3LHUUH0RXQLHU«GRead/Write Book 2:
Une introduction aux humanités numériques 0DUVHLOOH2SHQ(GLWLRQ3UHVVSb %XUQDUG
HVWXQ GHV SLRQQLHUV GXFKDPSGHV+16S«FLDOLV«GDQV OɛHQFRGDJH GHV WH[WHVQXP«ULV«VHWOD
PRG«OLVDWLRQGHVGRQQ«HVLODGRSWHGDQVVRQ«WXGHGLDFKURQLTXHXQHDSSURFKHFHQWU«HVXUVHV
GRPDLQHVGɛH[SHUWLVH/ɛKLVWRLUHGHV+1SHXW¬WUHYXHGLII«UHPPHQWVLHOOHVHIRFDOLVHGDYDQWDJH
VXUGɛDXWUHVFKDPSVGHV6+6
4./HODQJDJHGHEDOLVDJHDORUVHPSOR\««WDLWOH6*0/6WDQGDUG*HQHUDOL]HG0DUNXS/DQJXDJHb
QRUPH ,62 OH SU«G«FHVVHXU GX;0/ /HV UHFRPPDQGDWLRQV GH OD 7(, RQW HQVXLWH
UDSLGHPHQW«W«FRQYHUWLHVHQ;0/
5.;0/ H;WHQVLEOH 0DUNXS /DQJXDJH RX ODQJDJH GH EDOLVDJH H[WHQVLEOH HVW XQ ODQJDJH GH
VWUXFWXUDWLRQSDUH[HPSOHGHWH[WHVQXP«ULV«VXWLOLV«IU«TXHPPHQWGDQVOHVSURMHWVGɛ«GLWLRQ
QXP«ULTXHQRWDPPHQWHQHPSOR\DQWOHVWDQGDUG;0/7(,KWWSVWHLFRUJ
6.,OSHUPHWGHPRG«OLVHUWDQWGHVüXYUHVOLWW«UDLUHVFRPPHOHVSLªFHVGHWK«¤WUHYRLUKWWSV
ZZZWHLFRUJUHOHDVHGRFWHLSGRFHQKWPO'5KWPO TXH GHV GLFWLRQQDLUHV KWWSV
ZZZWHLFRUJUHOHDVHGRFWHLSGRFHQKWPO',KWPO GHV FRUSXV RUDX[ KWWSVZZZWHL
FRUJUHOHDVHGRFWHLSGRFHQKWPO76KWPO HW GɛDXWUHV GRQQ«HV OLQJXLVWLTXHV KWWSV
ZZZWHLFRUJUHOHDVHGRFWHLSGRFIUKWPO&&KWPO
7. 9RLU SDU H[HPSOH 0HOLVVD 7HUUDV mb8Q UHJDUG MHW« VRXV OH FKDSLWHDXb OHV KXPDQLW«V
QXP«ULTXHVHWODFULVHGHOɛLQFOXVLRQb}in3LHUUH0RXQLHU«GRead/Write Book 2: Une introduction
aux humanités numériques0DUVHLOOH2SHQ(GLWLRQ3UHVVSb
8. (OHQD 3LHUD]]R The Disciplinary Impact of the Digital: DH and “the Others”DHSI, 8QLYHUVLW\RI
9LFWRULD&DQDGD
9. &RQFHUQDQWOɛDFFXHLO PRXYHPHQW« GHV FKHUFKHXUV +1 DX VHLQ GH OHXUV GRPDLQHV YRLU SDU
H[HPSOH0DWWKHZ.LUVFKHQEDXPmb:KDW,Vɝ'LJLWDO+XPDQLWLHVɞDQG:K\$UH7KH\6D\LQJ6XFK
7HUULEOH7KLQJVDERXW,W"b}DifferencesYRObQrb-DQYLHUSb
10..DUHQ6S¦UFN-RQHVmb&RPSXWDWLRQDO/LQJXLVWLFV:KDW$ERXWWKH/LQJXLVWLFV"b}Computational
LinguisticsYRObQrbSb
11. mb>&@RPSXWDWLRQDO OLQJXLVWLFV GRHV QRW need PDLQVWUHDP QRQFRPSXWDWLRQDO OLQJXLVWLFV
ZKHWKHUWRVXSSO\LQWHOOHFWXDOFUHGLELOLW\RUWRHQVXUHSURJUHVV&RPSXWDWLRQDOOLQJXLVWLFVLVQRW
MXVWOLQJXLVWLFVZLWKVRPHSUDFWLFDOO\XVHIXOEXWWKHRUHWLFDOO\ LUUHOHYDQWDQGREIXVFDWLQJQHUGLH
DGGRQVb}Sb1RXVWUDGXLVRQV
12./XGRYLF7DQJX\HW&«FLOH)DEUHmbYROXWLRQVGHODOLQJXLVWLTXHRXWLOO«HbP«IDLWVHWELHQIDLWV
GX7$/b}L’information grammaticale/RXYDLQ3HHWHUV3XEOLVKHUVSb
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
18
13.Ibid.Sb
14.3DUH[HPSOHOHVSURMHWVGHVDWODVOLQJXLVWLTXHVU«JLRQDX[LQIRUPDWLV«VYRLU(VWKHU%DLZLULes
atlas linguistiques galloromans à l’heure numérique: projets et enjeux8QLYHUVLW«GH/LOOH9LOOHQHXYH
Gɛ$VFT3UHVVHVXQLYHUVLWDLUHVGX6HSWHQWULRQ
15. &RPPH OH FRSWH YRLU 6R 0L\DJDZD $PLU =HOGHV 0DUFR %¾FKOHU et al. mb%XLOGLQJ
/LQJXLVWLFDOO\DQG ,QWHUWH[WXDOO\ 7DJJHG&RSWLF &RUSRUD ZLWK2SHQ 6RXUFH 7RROVb}Leveraging
Open Data7RN\RSb
16. 9RLU SDU H[HPSOH ,VDEHOOH $XGUDV -HDQ*DEULHO *DQDVFLD mb$QDO\VHV FRPSDUDWLYHV GH
SURGXFWLRQV «FULWHV GɛDSSUHQDQWV GH IUDQ©DLV HW GH ORFXWHXUV IUDQFRSKRQHV ¢ OɛDLGH GɛRXWLOV
GɛH[WUDFWLRQDXWRPDWLTXHGXODQJDJHb}Traitement Automatique des LanguesYRObmb$SSUHQWLVVDJH
GHVODQJXHVHWV\VWªPHVGɛLQIRUPDWLRQHWGHFRPPXQLFDWLRQb}Sb
17.-HDQ*DEULHO*DQDVFLDHW)UDQFHVFD)URQWLQLTraitement Automatique des LanguesYROQrb
mb7$/HWKXPDQLW«VQXP«ULTXHVb}G«FHPEUH
18.Ibid.Sb
19.Ibid.Sb
20.9RLU KWWSVZZZHWUDSHXUHVHDUFKWUDFHU 0DUFR %¾FKOHU *HRUJ$XJXVW8QLYHUVLW¦W GH
*¸WWLQJHQ HW 0DUFR %¾FKOHU mb,QIRUPDWLRQVWHFKQLVFKH $VSHNWH GHV +LVWRULFDO 7H[W 5HXVHb}
7KªVHGHGRFWRUDWHQ,QIRUPDWLTXH8QLYHUVLW«GH/HLS]LJ
21.9RLUKWWSVDUWIOSURMHFWXFKLFDJRHGXWH[WSDLU$57)/3URMHFW7KH8QLYHUVLW\RI&KLFDJR
HW5XVVHOO+RUWRQ0DUN2OVHQHW*OHQQ5RHmb6RPHWKLQJ%RUURZHG6HTXHQFH$OLJQPHQWDQGWKH
,GHQWLILFDWLRQRI6LPLODU3DVVDJHVLQ/DUJH7H[W&ROOHFWLRQVb}Digital Studies / Le Champ numérique
YROQrb
22. -«U«P\ )HUUHUR HW $ODLQ 6LPDF/HMHXQH mb'«WHFWLRQ DXWRPDWLTXH GH UHIRUPXODWLRQV ɘ
&RUUHVSRQGDQFH GH FRQFHSWV DSSOLTX«H ¢ OD G«WHFWLRQ GX SODJLDWb} Actes de la 15e conférence
internationale sur l’extraction et la gestion des connaissances/X[HPERXUJ
23. -DQ 5\ELFNL mb9LYH OD GLII«UHQFH 7UDFLQJ WKH DXWKRULDO JHQGHU VLJQDO E\ PXOWLYDULDWH
DQDO\VLVRIZRUGIUHTXHQFLHVb}Digital Scholarship in the HumanitiesYRObQbSb
24. 5HJLQD %DU]LOD\ HW 0LFKDHO (OKDGDG mb8VLQJ /H[LFDO &KDLQV IRU 7H[W 6XPPDUL]DWLRQb}
Intelligent Scalable Text Summarization
25.9RLUSDUH[HPSOHOHVWUDYDX[PHQ«VDYHF7UDFHUGDQVOHFDGUHGXSURMHWH75$3Electronic Text
Reuse Acquisition ProjectFRPPHFHX[GH0DUFR%¾FKOHU$QQHWWH*HVVQHU*HUKDUG+H\HUet al.
mb'HWHFWLRQRIFLWDWLRQVDQGWH[WUHXVHRQDQFLHQWJUHHNWH[WVDQGLWVDSSOLFDWLRQVLQWKHFODVVLFDO
VWXGLHVH$48$ SURMHFWb}Proceedings of the Digital Humanities b *UHWD )UDQ]LQL mb(QJOLVK
WUDQVODWLRQVRIPan TadeuszDFRPSDULVRQZLWK75$&(5b}Corpus-based Research in the Humanities
workshop (CRH)9DUVRYLH3RORJQH
26./H ORJLFLHO 7HVVHUDHKWWSVWHVVHUDHFDVHWEXIIDORHGX SDU H[HPSOH HVW VS«FLILTXHPHQW
G«GL«¢ OD G«WHFWLRQ GɛDOOXVLRQV GDQVOHV SRªPHV ODWLQV 9RLU 1HLO&RIIHH -HDQ3LHUUH .RHQLJ
6KDNWKL3RRUQLPDet al.mb7KH7HVVHUDH3URMHFWLQWHUWH[WXDODQDO\VLVRI/DWLQSRHWU\b}Literary
and Linguistic ComputingYROQrbSb
27. /HV WUDYDX[ SRUWDQW VXU OɛDOLJQHPHQW GHV YHUVLRQV RX WUDGXFWLRQV GɛXQH üXYUH VRQW
QRPEUHX[3DUPLFHX[DSSX\«VVXUGHVWHFKQLTXHVGHG«WHFWLRQDXWRPDWLTXHGHUHODWLRQVYRLU
SDU H[HPSOH 0DULDQQH 5HERXO mb&RPSDUDLVRQ VHPLDXWRPDWLTXH GHV WUDGXFWLRQV HQ ODQJXH
IUDQ©DLVHGHOɛ2G\VV«HGɛ+RPªUHb}7KªVHGHGRFWRUDW8QLYHUVLW«3DULV,9
28. 7LPRWK\ $OOHQ HW &KDUOHV &RRQH\ mb3OXQGHULQJ 3KLORVRSKHUV ,GHQWLI\LQJ 6RXUFHV RI WKH
Encyclopédieb}Journal of the Association for History and Computing
29.-HDQ*DEULHO*DQDVFLD3LHUUH*ODXGHVHW$QGUHD'HO/XQJRmb$XWRPDWLF'HWHFWLRQRI5HXVHV
DQG&LWDWLRQVLQ/LWHUDU\7H[WVb}Digital Scholarship in the HumanitiesYROQrbSb
30.9RLU -XOLD .ULVWHYD Sèméiotikè. Recherches pour une sémanalyse 7HO TXHO 3DULV 6HXLO b
5RODQG%DUWKHVmb7H[WH7K«RULHGXb}Encyclopædia UniversalisYROb3DULVSbb
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
19
-HQQ\/DXUHQWmb/D 6WUDW«JLH GHODIRUPHb} Poétique QrbSbb *«UDUG *HQHWWH
Palimpsestes. La littérature au second degré3DULV6HXLO
31.'DQV OɛDUWLFOHmbɝ2USK«HɞDX ;,;HHWDX ;;HbVLªFOHVbLQWHUI«UHQFHVOLWW«UDLUHV HWPXVLFDOHVb}
Cahiers de l’AIEF YROb Qrb Sb -DFTXHOLQH %HOODV REVHUYH bG«SR«WLVDWLRQV
SDUWLFXOLªUHVb LbGH OɛDUWLVWH LLbGH OɛDPRXU FRQMXJDO LLLbGH OD SXUHW« Gɛ(XU\GLFH LYbGH OD
WUDQVFHQGDQFHGLYLQHHWYbGHODGHVFHQWHDX[(QIHUV
32.$QRQ\PH L’Orphée grotesque, avec le bal rustique. En vers burlesques. Suivi de Suitte de l’Orphée
avec les Bacchantes ou Les Rudes Joyeuses3DULV6HEDVWLHQ0DUWLQ
33.&RPPH OD GLDFKURQLH QɛHVWSDVDXFHQWUHGHQRV SURSRV GDQV FHWDUWLFOHOHVJUDSKLHVGHV
WH[WHV SU«PRGHUQHV VRQW PRGHUQLV«HV SRXU IDFLOLWHU OHXU OHFWXUH HW OHV FRPSDUDLVRQV DYHF
GɛDXWUHVH[WUDLWVGHGLII«UHQWHV«SRTXHV
34.1LFRODV5DFRWGHb*UDQGYDOOrphée. Cantate avec simphonie3DULV%RLYLQ/H&OHUF
35.'/ (LPDQQ mb8QH +LVWRLUH UHQRXYHO«H GHV *UHFVb} in $OH[DQGUH'XPDV «G Histoires
cavalières3DULV&KDUSHQWLHUSb
36. mb>3@HQGDQW VHSW PRLV LO Y«FXW GDQV OHV ERLV GDQV OHV DQWUHV MHWDQW DX[ «FKRV VHV
J«PLVVHPHQWV VHV JULQFHPHQWV GH GHQWV RXEOLDQW SUREDEOHPHQW GH SHLJQHU VD EDUEH HW VHV
FKHYHX[b}Sb
37.-DFTXHV2IIHQEDFKHW+HFWRU&U«PLHX[Orphée aux Enfers3DULV&DOPDQQ/«Y\>@
38.mb>(@WYRXVPRQWHQGUHDPL¢TXLMHWLH]YRXVFHFKDQWSDVVLRQQ«GHYRWUHɣ FULQFULQb"b}
Sb
39.3URVSHU'LGHU 'HVKD\HV HW -HDQ 5RXKLHU'HVFKDPSV Le Petit Orphée: Opéra Comique3DULV
7RXUERQ
40.&KULVWRSK :LOOLEDOG *OXFN 5DQLHUL GHb&DO]DELJL HW 3LHUUH/RXLV 0ROLQH Orphée et Eurydice
3DULV$FDG«PLH5R\DOH
41.&ODXGLR0RQWHYHUGLHW$OHVVDQGUR6WULJJLR L’Orfeo, favola in musica [Orphée, fable en musique]
9HQLVH5LFFLDUGR$PDGLQR
42.1RXVLQW«JURQVGDQVQRWUHFRUSXVXQHYLQJWDLQHGHVWUDGXFWLRQVIUDQ©DLVHVGHFKDTXHVRXUFH
DQFLHQQHSXEOL«HVGHSXLVOH;9HbVHQYHUVRXHQSURVH
43.3LHUUH%UXQHOMythocritique: théorie et parcours3DULV38)
44.3DU H[HPSOH HQWUH OɛRS«UD Orphée et Eurydice GH*OXFN HW Le Petit Orphée GH 'HVKD\HV HW
5RXKLHU'HVFKDPSV.'XSRLQW GH YXHGH OD WK«RULHOLWW«UDLUH OH VWDWXWGHV U««FULWXUHV HWGHV
G«WRXUQHPHQWVKXPRULVWLTXHVGɛXQU«FLWP\WKRORJLTXHHVWXQVXMHWFRPSOH[H'DQVOHFDGUHGH
FHWDUWLFOHTXDQGQRXVSDUORQVGHSDURGLHVGɛXQP\WKH OHVHQVGXPRWmbSDURGLHb}VɛDSSURFKH
SOXW¶WGHODPDQLªUHGRQWOHPRWHVWSHU©XGDQVODODQJXHJ«Q«UDOHmbWH[WHRXYUDJHTXL¢GHV
ILQVVDWLULTXHVRXFRPLTXHVLPLWHHQOHWRXUQDQWHQULGLFXOHXQHSDUWLHRXODWRWDOLW«GɛXQHüXYUH
V«ULHXVH FRQQXHb} s.v.bparodie % Trésor de la Langue Française informatisé &RQFHUQDQW OHV
WUDYDX[WK«RULTXHV VXUFH VXMHW YRLU SDU H[HPSOH 0DXULFH 'RPLQRmb/D U««FULWXUHGX WH[WH
OLWW«UDLUH 0\WKH HW 5««FULWXUHb} Semen. Revue de sémio-linguistique des textes et discoursQrb
3UHVVHVXQLYHUVLWDLUHVGH)UDQFKH&RPW«
45.*«UDUG*HQHWWHPalimpsestes, op.cit.
46.Ibid.S
47.'DQVFHWDUWLFOHQRXVFRQVLG«URQVFRPPHS«ULSKUDVHXQHmbILJXUHGDQVODTXHOOHRQVXEVWLWXH
DX>ɣ@QRPSURSUH>ɣ@XQHH[SUHVVLRQLPDJ«HRXGHVFULSWLYHTXLOHG«ILQLWRXOɛ«YRTXHb}Trésor de
la langue française s.v.périphrase 'ɛDXWUHV WHUPHV RQW «W« SURSRV«V GDQV OHV WUDYDX[ VXU
OɛRQRPDVWLTXHDQWRQRPDVHVXUQRPG«QRPLQDWLRQSURSUHɣ9RLUSDUH[HPSOHb0LFKHO0XUDW
mb/DS«ULSKUDVHbUHPDUTXHVDXWRXUGɛXQHILJXUHb}L’information grammaticaleYRObQrb
Sbb /DXUD &DODEUHVH6WHLPEHUJ mb1RP SURSUH HW G«QRPLQDWLRQ «YªQHPHQWLHOOHb TXHOOHV
GLII«UHQFHVHQODQJXHHWHQGLVFRXUVb"b}Corela. Cognition, représentation, langageQrMXLQb
1LFRODV /DXUHQW mb/H QRP SURSUH GDQV OHV Lettres de l’année 1671 GH 0DGDPH GH 6«YLJQ«b}
Séminaire Madame de Sévigné8QLYHUVLW«GH5RXHQQrbmb6«PLQDLUHVGHUHFKHUFKHb}Sb
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
20
48.9RLUSDUH[HPSOH0LFKDHO-:LVHmb1HZH\HV$6\VWHPIRU&RPSDULQJ%LRORJLFDO6HTXHQFHV
8VLQJWKH5XQQLQJ.DUS5DELQ*UHHG\6WULQJ7LOLQJ$OJRULWKPb}Unpublished Basser Department of
Computer Science b /DVVH %HUJURWK +DUUL +DNRQHQ HW7LPR 5DLWD mb$ 6XUYH\ RI /RQJHVW
&RPPRQ 6XEVHTXHQFH $OJRULWKPVb} Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on String
Processing Information Retrieval&RURJQHSb
49.9RLUSDUH[HPSOH'DQLHO-XUDIVN\HW-DPHV+0DUWLQmb1JUDP/DQJXDJH0RGHOVb}Speech and
Language Processing: An Introduction to Natural Language Processing, Computational Linguistics, and
Speech Recognition 1HZ <RUN 3UHQWLFH+DOO ,QF Sb 3RXU OD G«WHFWLRQ
GɛLQWHUWH[WXDOLW« YRLU &KULVWRSKHU )RUVWDOO 1HLO &RIIHH 7KRPDV %XFN et al mb0RGHOLQJ WKH
VFKRODUV 'HWHFWLQJ LQWHUWH[WXDOLW\ WKURXJK HQKDQFHG ZRUGOHYHO QJUDP PDWFKLQJb} Digital
Scholarship in the HumanitiesYRObQrbSb
50.0DUWLQ)3RUWHUmb6QRZEDOO$ODQJXDJHIRUVWHPPLQJDOJRULWKPVb}Retrieved MarchYROb
51.1RWRQVWRXWHIRLVTXHOHVSURMHWVH[SORLWDQW7H[W3$,5TXHQRXVDYRQVUHS«U«VWUDYDLOOHQWVXU
GHV FRUSXV IUDQ©DLV DQJODLV HW FKLQRLV SRXU OHVTXHOOHV OHV UHVVRXUFHV H[LVWDQWHV VRQW SOXW¶W
VDWLVIDLVDQWHV P¬PH VL HOOHV VRQW ELHQ SOXV UHVWUHLQWHV SRXU OHV WH[WHV HQ DQFLHQ HW PR\HQ
IUDQ©DLVHWJ«Q«UDOHPHQWVXUOHV«WDWVGHODQJXHVDQFLHQV
52.9RLUKWWSVZZZFQUWOIURXWLOV'HUL)
53.9RLUKWWSUHGDFXQLYWOVHIUOH[LTXHVPRUSKRQHWWHKWPO
54.admirable/ admiration inconsolable/ consolation, embrassant/ embrassement, étonnant/
étonnement, perdurable/perdurablement, successif/ successivement, berceuse/ bercer, charmant/
charmer, déplorable/déplorer, entendement/entendre, flottant/flotter, touchant/toucher, sonnant/
sonnette/sonneur
55. 3DU H[HPSOH OHV QRPV FRQVWUXLWV DYHF OH VXIIL[H -age 9RLU 'HOSKLQHb7ULERXW )ORUHQFH
9LOORLQJmb7KHSRO\VHP\RI)UHQFKGHYHUEDOQRXQVLQOLJKWRI-ageVXIIL[DWLRQb}9th Mediterranean
Morphology Meeting VHSWHPEUHb 'XEURYQLN &URDWLH +$/b KDOVKV!b $QWRQLR
%DOYHW/XFLH%DUTXH0DULH+«OªQH&RQGHWWH3DXOLQH+DDV5LFKDUG+X\JKHet al.mb/DUHVVRXUFH
1RPDJH&RQIURQWHUOHVDWWHQWHVWK«RULTXHVDX[REVHUYDWLRQVGXFRPSRUWHPHQWOLQJXLVWLTXHGHV
QRPLQDOLVDWLRQVHQFRUSXVb}Revue TAL$7$/$mb5HVVRXUFHV/LQJXLVWLTXHV/LEUHVb}
Sb+$/bKDOVKV!
56. /H FRQVRUWLXP +XPD1XP &25/, &25SXV /DQJXHV HW ,QWHUDFWLRQV FRRUGRQQ« SDU
&KULVWRSKH 3DULVVH HW &«OLQH 3RXGDW HW J«U« SDU OD 0(6+6 GH /LOOH HVW XQ ERQ H[HPSOH GH
OɛLQLWLDWLYHLQWHUGLVFLSOLQDLUHTXLSHXWIDLUH«YROXHUODU«IOH[LRQLQWHUGLVFLSOLQDLUHDXVHLQGHV+1
9RLUKWWSVFRUOLKXPDQXPIU
57.,O H[LVWHSOXVLHXUVDQQRWDWHXUV FDSDEOHVGH ELHQOHPPDWLVHUOHV PRWVGHWH[WHV HQIUDQ©DLV
PRGHUQHb7UHH7DJJHU6WDQIRUG3267DJJHU)OHPP0HOWɣ/ɛ$QFLHQ)UDQ©DLVSHXW«JDOHPHQW¬WUH
SULVHQ FKDUJH VRLWSDUOHVP¬PHVRXWLOV¢ FRQGLWLRQ GH GLVSRVHUGHILFKLHUVGHSDUDP«WUDJH
OLQJXLVWLTXHDGDSW«VVRLWSDUGHVDQQRWDWHXUVG«GL«VFRPPH/JH50RX3LH
58.9RLUKWWSVZZZFLVXQLPXHQFKHQGHaVFKPLGWRROV7UHH7DJJHU
59.&HWWHSURF«GXUHHVWIU«TXHQWHDX VHLQ GHV SURMHWV +1 WUDYDLOODQW U«JXOLªUHPHQWDYHFGHV
FRUSXVVS«FLILTXHVFRPPHHQ W«PRLJQHSDUH[HPSOHODPLVH¢GLVSRVLWLRQGHOD SODWHIRUPHGH
FRUUHFWLRQGHVDQQRWDWLRQV3\UUKDKWWSVGHYFKDUWHVSVOHXS\UUKD
60.0DXULFH*UHYLVVHLe Bon Usage3DULV'XFXORW+DWLHU
61.Ibid.Sb
62.5RODQG(OXHUGGrammaire descriptive de la langue française3DULV$UPDQG&ROLQ>@
63.Ibid.Sb
64./HWHUPHentité nomméeG«VLJQHDXVVLELHQOHVHQWLW«VTXHOHVQRPVRXOHVG«VLJQDWLRQVTXL
SHUPHWWHQWGɛ\U«I«UHU/HVHFRQGHPSORLG«ULYHGXSUHPLHUPDLVODPRWLYDWLRQGXWHUPHHVWELHQ
PRLQV«YLGHQWHSRXUOXL
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
21
65.0RKDPHG+DWPLmb5HFRQQDLVVDQFHGHVHQWLW«VQRPP«HVGDQVGHVGRFXPHQWVPXOWLPRGDX[b}
7KªVH GH GRFWRUDW HQ ,QIRUPDWLTXH HW 7UDLWHPHQW $XWRPDWLTXH GHV /DQJXHV 8QLYHUVLW« GH
1DQWHV
66.&«OLQH /H 0HXU 6\OYDLQ *DOOLDQR HW (GRXDUG *HRIIURLV Conventions d’annotations en Entités
Nommées(67(5
67.Ibid.Sb
68. 0DXG (KUPDQQ mb/HV HQWLW«V QRPP«HV GH OD OLQJXLVWLTXH DX 7$/b VWDWXW WK«RULTXH HW
P«WKRGHVGHG«VDPELJX±VDWLRQb}7KªVHGHGRFWRUDWHQ,QIRUPDWLTXHHW7UDLWHPHQW$XWRPDWLTXH
GHV/DQJXHVXQLYHUVLW«GH3DULV
69.Ibid.Sb
70.Y3RXU OHVDUWLFOHV G«WDLOODQWOD PDQLªUHGRQWQRXV SRVWWUDLWRQVOHV U«VXOWDWVYRLU .DUROLQD
6XFKHFND 1DWKDOLH *DVLJOLD HW .DUO =LHJHU mbGLWLRQ FRPSDUDWLYH LQWHUP«GLDOH GH V«ULHV
WUDGXFWLYHVb H[SORLWHU OHV KRPRORJLHV SRXU FU«HU GHV YLVXDOLVDWLRQV PRGXODEOHVb} Traitement
Automatique des LanguesYRObQrbmb7$/HWKXPDQLW«VQXP«ULTXHVb}G«FHPEUHSbb
.DUROLQD 6XFKHFND HW 1DWKDOLH *DVLJOLD mb5««FULWXUHV GɛXQ P\WKH HW RXWLOV GH G«WHFWLRQ GHV
U«XWLOLVDWLRQV 'H Oɛ2USK«H GH 9LUJLOH ¢ FHOXL GH %DOODQFKHb} Humanités numériques Qr
+XPDQLVWLFDG«FHPEUHb.DUROLQD6XFKHFNDHW1DWKDOLH*DVLJOLDmb2Q'LJLWDO&RPSDUDWLYH
(GLWLRQV DQG 7H[WXDO 6LPLODULW\ 'HWHFWLRQ 7RROV 7RZDUGV D +\SHUWH[WXDO &DUWRJUDSK\ RI D
5HZULWWHQ0\WKb}in3HWU3OHFK£Í5REHUW.RO£U$QQH6RSKLH%RULHVHW-DNXEÿ¯KDHGVTackling
the Toolkit: Plotting Poetry through Computational Literary Studies,QVWLWXWHRI&]HFK/LWHUDWXUHRIWKH
&]HFK$FDGHP\RI6FLHQFHVSb
71.b9LUJLOHLes Géorgiques de Virgile traduites en vers français, avec le texte latin à côté, accompagnées
de notes relatives à l’agriculture, à l’astronomie, à la géographie, à l’histoire, à la mythologie et à la poésie
WUDGXLWSDU$QWRLQHGHb&RXUQDQG3DULV%HUQDUGSb
72. 9LUJLOH Les Géorgiques, traduction vraie WUDGb8Q QDWXUDOLVWH 3DULV 9HXYH *XLOORLV
Sb
73.mb>1@HFSRUWLWRU2UFLDPSOLXVREMHFWDPSDVVXVWUDQVLUHpaludemb}Ob
74.mb,OODTXLGHPStygiaQDEDWMDPULJLGDF\PEDb}Ob
75.2YLGH Les Métamorphoses en latin et françois WUDGb3LHUUHGXb5\HU$PVWHUGDP 3 -%ODHY
-DQVVRQV¢:DHVEHUJH%RRPH*RHWKDOVSb
76.2YLGH mb0«WDPRUSKRVHVb} in'«VLU« 1LVDUG «G Œuvres complètes: avec la traduction en
françaisWUDGb/RXLV3XJHW7K«RGRUH*XLDUG&KHYULDX HW )RXTXLHU 3DULV )LUPLQ 'LGRW )UªUHV
77.3LHUUH%UXQHOmb2USK«HPRGHUQHb}Apollinaire entre deux mondes. Le contrepoint mythique dans
Alcools. Mythocritique II3DULV38)Sb
78. 9LUJLOH mb*«RUJLTXHVb} Œuvres complètes de Virgile WUDGb-57 &DEDUHW'XSDW\ 3DULV
+DFKHWWHSb
79.$OSKRQVH(VTXLURVHW$GªOH(VTXLURVHistoire des amants célèbres de l’antiquité3DULV%XUHDXGH
OD6RFL«W«)UDWHUQHOOHGHOɛ,QWHOOLJHQFHHWGX7UDYDLOU«XQLVS
80.3RXUFHIDLUHXQHDQQRWDWLRQV\QWD[LTXHDYHFG«OLPLWDWLRQGHVV\QWDJPHVHWLGHQWLILFDWLRQGH
OHXUVQR\DX[HVWGɛXQHDLGHSU«FLHXVH0DLVDORUVTXHSOXVLHXUVDQQRWDWHXUVRQW«W«WHVW«VOHXUV
U«VXOWDWV«WDLHQWLQ«JDX[QRQVHXOHPHQWHQIRQFWLRQGHOɛRXWLOPDLVDXVVL GHODFRPSOH[LW«GHV
SKUDVHV HWGXW\SH GɛüXYUHGRQW HOOHV«WDLHQWH[WUDLWHV ODV\QWD[HGH ODSR«VLH RXGXWK«¤WUH
«WDQWSDUWLFXOLªUHPHQWSUREO«PDWLTXH&ɛHVWILQDOHPHQWXQWUDLWHPHQWPRLQVVRSKLVWLTX«¢EDVH
GHUªJOHVHWIDLWPDLVRQTXLHVWUHWHQX
81.9RLU3LHUUH=ZHLJHQEDXP)DGLOD+DGRXFKHHW1DWDOLD*UDEDUmb$SSUHQWLVVDJHGHUHODWLRQV
PRUSKRORJLTXHVHQFRUSXVb}Actes de TALN 2003 (Traitement automatique des langues naturelles)
%DW]VXU0HU$7$/$,5,1Sbb1DWDOLD*UDEDUHW3LHUUH=ZHLJHQEDXPmb/H[LFDOO\
%DVHG 7HUPLQRORJ\ 6WUXFWXULQJ 6RPH ,QKHUHQW /LPLWVb} Terminology YROb Sbb
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
22
1DWDOLD*UDEDUHW3LHUUH=ZHLJHQEDXPUtilisation de corpus de spécialité pour le filtrage de synonymes
de la langue générale'RXUGDQSb
82. 9RLU SDU H[HPSOH $GHO *KDPQLD 0RXQD .DPHO &DVVLD 7URMDKQ et al. mb([WUDFWLRQ GH
UHODWLRQVb FRPELQHU OHV WHFKQLTXHV SRXU VɛDGDSWHU ¢ OD GLYHUVLW« GX WH[WHb} 28e Journées
Francophones d’Ingénierie des Connaissances (IC 2017)&DHQ)UDQFH
83.9RLU SDU H[HPSOH /DXUHQFH /RQJR HW $PDOLD 7RGLUDVFX mb8QH «WXGH GH FRUSXV SRXU OD
G«WHFWLRQDXWRPDWLTXHGHWKªPHVb}Texte et corpusYRObMDQYLHUSb
84.9RLU0LUD$ULHOmb$FFHVVLELOLW\WKHRU\$QRYHUYLHZb}inb7HG6DQGHUV-RRVW6FKLOSHURRUGHW
:LOEHUW6SRRUHQHGVHuman Cognitive ProcessingYRObSb
85.1RXVSRXYRQVH[SORLWHUTXHOTXHV GLFWLRQQDLUHVFRPPH Les Épithetes GH0DXULFHGH OD3RUWH
3DULV*b%XRQbRXGHVGLFWLRQQDLUHVP\WKRORJLTXHV3LHUUH%UXQHODictionnaire des mythes
littéraires «GLWLRQ UHYXH HW DXJPHQW«H 0RQDFR GLWLRQV GX 5RFKHU b 3LHUUH *ULPDO
Dictionnaire de la mythologie grecque et romaine3DULV38)&RQFHUQDQWOHV«WXGHVOLWW«UDLUHV
GH OD G«QRPLQDWLRQ GɛHQWLW«V YRLU SDU H[HPSOH OH UHFXHLO Inqualifiables fureurs. Poétique des
invocations inspirées aux XVIe et XVIIesiècles $QQH3DVFDOH3RXH\0RXQRX «G 3DULV *DUQLHU
86.9RLUKWWSVKGOKDQGOHQHWGHPRFUDWY
87.9RLUKWWSVKGOKDQGOHQHWSUROH[Y
88./ɛREMHFWLI GXSURMHWHVWGɛ«WXGLHU ODYDULDWLRQGHVFKD°QHV GH U«I«UHQFHVGDQVGH GLII«UHQWV
JHQUHVGLVFXUVLIVSXLVGHG«YHORSSHU XQ V\VWªPH GH G«WHFWLRQDXWRPDWLTXHGHVFRU«I«UHQFHV
9RLU KWWSVZZZODWWLFHFQUVIUGHPRFUDWPRWLYDWLRQVKWPO HW )U«G«ULFb/DQGUDJLQ
mb'HVFULSWLRQ PRG«OLVDWLRQ HWG«WHFWLRQDXWRPDWLTXHGHV FKD°QHV GHU«I«UHQFH'(02&5$7b}
Bulletin de l’Association Française pour l’Intelligence Artificielle $),$ Sb +$/b
KDO!
89.3RXUIDFLOLWHUOHXUOHFWXUH GDQVOHVH[HPSOHV 'HW(ODVWUXFWXUH;0/7(,HVWVLPSOLIL«HHW
UHWUDQVFULWHGDQVXQIRUPDW$775,%87bvaleur
90.8QHDQQRWDWLRQVS«FLILTXHHVWDXVVL«WDEOLHSRXUOHVWRSRQ\PHV
91.9RLU0LFNDOb7UDQmb3UROH[EDVH8QGLFWLRQQDLUHUHODWLRQQHOPXOWLOLQJXH GH QRPVSURSUHVb
FRQFHSWLRQLPSO«PHQWDWLRQ HW PLVH HQOLJQHb}WKªVHGHGRFWRUDW HQ ,QIRUPDWLTXH 8QLYHUVLW«
)UDQ©RLV5DEHODLVGH7RXUV
92.3RXUODW\SRORJLHGHVYDULDQWHVYRLU(XJHQLR&RVHULXmb/HGRXEOHSUREOªPHGHVXQLW«Vɝ',$
6ɞb}Communication et Cognition FROObmb/HVFDKLHUV',$bWXGHVVXUODGLDFKURQLHHWODYDULDWLRQ
OLQJXLVWLTXHb}Sb$XVHLQGXSURMHW352/(;GLII«UHQWVW\SHVGHYDULDQWHVVRQWUHOHY«V
PDLVODQDWXUHGHVUHODWLRQVHQWUHOHQRPHWOHVSLYRWVQɛHVWSDVSU«FLV«H'DQVQRWUHOH[LTXHQRXV
OHIDLVRQV¢OɛDLGHGɛDWWULEXWVG«GL«VTXLVS«FLILHQWWDQWOHW\SHGHFKDTXHYDULDQWHTXHGDQVOHV
FDVGɛXQHYDULDQWHGLDWRSLTXHODU«JLRQR»HOOHHVWHPSOR\«H*UªFHJ\SWHHWF
93.$XVHLQGXSURMHW352/(;HOOHVVRQWG«ILQLHVFRPPHOHVUHODWLRQVGɛDFFHVVLELOLW«YRLUKWWSV
UHSRVLWRU\RUWRODQJIUDSLFRQWHQWSUROH[3UROH[EDVHSGI
94.1RXVVXLYRQVDLQVLOHFODVVHPHQWGH352/(;DXVHLQGXTXHOOHVDOLDVVRQWG«ILQLVFRPPHmbGHV
V\QRQ\PHVTXLG«SHQGHQWGHODODQJXH1RXVDYRQVUHJURXS«GDQVOHWHUPHGɛDOLDVGɛXQHSDUW
GHVV\QRQ\PHV H[DFWHV OHVYDULDQWHVGɛ«FULWXUH>ɣ@OHV YDULDQWHV RUWKRJUDSKLTXHV HWGɛDXWUH
SDUWGHVTXDVLV\QRQ\PHVGLDWRSLTXHVRXGLDVWUDWLTXHVb}Sb3DUH[HPSOHOHVDOLDVGXSLYRW
mb2UJDQLVDWLRQ GHV QDWLRQV XQLHVb} VRQW mb1DWLRQV XQLHVb} HW mb218b} 9RLU KWWSV
UHSRVLWRU\RUWRODQJIUDSLFRQWHQWSUROH[3UROH[EDVHSGI ib mb/HV DOLDV HW OHV G«ULY«Vb}
Sb
95. ûDJUH %«OXV 'DQD¾V DTXH 0LQRV 5KDGDPDQWKH 5K«VXV 6LV\SKH 7DODRQ 7DQWDOH
$VFDODSKH$WKDPDV-RVDSKDW3RO\FUDWH6DOPRQ«HHW8O\VVH
96.-XSLWHU-XQRQ3OXWRQHW3URVHUSLQH
97.,OVɛDJLWELHQ V½U GHV RFFXUUHQFHVGXV\QWDJPHmbOɛDIIUHX[ PRQDUTXHb} VHXO VDQVGɛDXWUHV
LQGLFHVOLHXGHUªJQHSHXSOH«SRXVHɣGDQVOHFRQWH[WHLPP«GLDW1RXVFRQVWDWRQVWRXWHIRLV
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
23
TXHGDQVQRWUHFRUSXVWRXWHVOHVRFFXUUHQFHVGHOɛDGMHFWLIaffreuxDXVHLQGHVG«QRPLQDWLRQVHW
S«ULSKUDVHVUHQYRLHQWDX[DQWKURSRQ\PHVHWWRSRQ\PHVOL«VDX[(QIHUV6ɛLO\DXQHFRQIXVLRQ
SRVVLEOHFɛHVW HQWUH3OXWRQ TXDOLIL«GDQV bWH[WHVFRPPH mbOɛDIIUHX[PRQDUTXHb} HW&KDURQ
G«FULW FRPPH mbOɛDIIUHX[ QRFKHU GHV PRUWVb} HW mbFH YLHLOODUG WRXW HQVHPEOH DIIUHX[ HW
Y«Q«UDEOHb} $ORUV TXH SRXUOD SUHPLªUH S«ULSKUDVH GH &KDURQ OH QRP nocherQRXV SHUPHW
GɛLGHQWLILHUFHOXLTXLGLULJHODEDUTXHLQIHUQDOHODGHX[LªPHQ«FHVVLWHGHSUHQGUHHQFRPSWHOH
FRQWH[WHELHQSOXVODUJHbmb&HYLHLOODUGWRXWHQVHPEOHDIIUHX[HWY«Q«UDEOHbILW¢FHUDUHFKDQWUH
XQDFFXHLOIDYRUDEOHbHWtraversant le fleuveDYHFFRQWHQWHPHQWSRXUPLHX[JR½WHUVDYRL[rama
IRUWOHQWHPHQWb}
98. (OHQD 3LHUD]]R mb/HV +XPDQLW«V 1XP«ULTXHVb XQH SHUVSHFWLYH KLVWRULTXH HW VRFLDOHb}
Formation 2020 des GIS aux Humanités NumériquesHQ OLJQHbMXLQ &RQVXOW«OH bPDL
85/b KWWSZZZJLVUHVHDXDVLHRUJIUIRUPDWLRQGHVJLVDX[KXPDQLWHVQXPHULTXHV
OHVYLGHRVGHVLQWHUYHQWLRQVVRQWHQOLJQH
99.&RQFHUQDQWOHVUHODWLRQVHQWUHODOLWW«UDWXUHHWODOLQJXLVWLTXHYRLUSDUH[HPSOH-HDQ0LFKHO
$GDPHW8WH +HLGPDQQLe texte littéraire: pour une approche interdisciplinaire/RXYDLQOD1HXYH
%UX\ODQW$FDGHPLDQrb
RÉSUMÉS
/HV+XPDQLW«V1XP«ULTXHVVRQWGHVUHFKHUFKHVLQWHUGLVFLSOLQDLUHVLQYLWDQWGHVDFWHXUVGHV6+6¢
GLDORJXHU HQWUH HX[ HW DYHF OHV VFLHQFHV LQIRUPDWLTXHV 1RWUH SURMHW U«XQLW OLWW«UDWXUH
OLQJXLVWLTXHHWLQIRUPDWLTXHSRXU«ODERUHUOɛ«GLWLRQVDYDQWHQXP«ULTXHGHVU««FULWXUHVGXP\WKH
Gɛ2USK«HHW(XU\GLFHGDQVODTXHOOH QRXV G«WHFWRQV ¢ OɛDLGH GɛRXWLOV LQIRUPDWLTXHV G«GL«V OHV
U«HPSORLV LQWHUWH[WXHOV 'DQV FHW DUWLFOH QRXV FRPSDURQV GɛDERUG OɛHIILFDFLW« GH WHFKQLTXHV
OLQJXLVWLTXHVLQIRUPDWLTXHVSHUPHWWDQWOHXUG«WHFWLRQQRXVG«PRQWURQVHQVXLWHHQSU«VHQWDQW
FRPPHQW DSSDULHU GHV G«QRPLQDWLRQV GɛHQWLW«V TXH OɛLQW«JUDWLRQ GH P«WKRGHV OLQJXLVWLTXHV
DP«OLRUHODTXDOLW«GHVU«VXOWDWV
'LJLWDO+XPDQLWLHVDUHLQWHUGLVFLSOLQDU\UHVHDUFKHVLQYLWLQJ66+UHVHDUFKHUVWRFROODERUDWHZLWK
FRPSXWHU VFLHQFH DQG EHWZHHQ WKHLU ILHOGV 2XU SURMHFW UHXQLWHV WKH ILHOGV RI OLWHUDWXUH
OLQJXLVWLFVDQGFRPSXWHUVFLHQFHWRFRQFHLYHWKHGLJLWDOVFKRODUO\HGLWLRQRIWKHUHZULWLQJVRIWKH
P\WKRI 2USKHXV DQG (XU\GLFHLQ ZKLFK ZHGHWHFWLQWHUWH[WXDO UHODWLRQV ,QWKLV DUWLFOH ZH
FRPSDUH WKH HIIHFWLYHQHVV RI 1/3 WHFKQLTXHV IRU GHWHFWLQJ WH[WXDO UHXVH ILUVW ZH WKHQ
GHPRQVWUDWH E\ SUHVHQWLQJ RXU PHWKRG RI PDWFKLQJ HQWLW\ QDPHV WKDW WKH LQWHJUDWLRQ RI
OLQJXLVWLFPHWKRGVLPSURYHVWKHTXDOLW\RIWKHUHVXOWV
INDEX
Mots-clés : U««FULWXUHVP\WKHVU«HPSORLVWH[WXHOVLQWHUWH[WXDOLW«TXDQWLWDWLYHHQWLW«V
QRPP«HVDQQRWDWLRQ;0/7(,
Keywords : UHZULWLQJVP\WKVWH[WUHXVHVTXDQWLWDWLYHLQWHUWH[WXDOLW\QDPHGHQWLWLHV
DQQRWDWLRQ;0/7(,
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
24
AUTEURS
KAROLINA SUCHECKA
'RFWRUDQWHFRQWUDFWXHOOH8/5b$/,7+,/$
NDUROLQDVXFKHFND>DW@XQLYOLOOHIU
NATHALIE GASIGLIA
0D°WUHVVHGHFRQI«UHQFH805b67/8QLYHUVLW«GH/LOOH
QDWKDOLHJDVLJOLD>DW@XQLYOLOOHIU
Focus sur les traitements linguistiques d’un projet d’humanités numériques. É...
Essais, 21 | 2024
25