Mode of Action Investigation of Phellinus hartigii Extract on Acinetobacter lwofii using FTIR Spectroscopy

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance has become the biggest problem of the 21st century. It is estimated that this problem will result in around 10 million deaths per year by 2050. Macrofungi are very important for the discovery of new antibiotics as natural sources with potential microbial effects. In this study, the effect of the ethanol extract of P. hartigii (PH-EtOH), which was known to have antimicrobial properties against various microorganisms, was evaluated on Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole (SXT) resistant Acinetobacter lwoffii with MIC, MBC tests and analyzed with FTIR to understand the changes at the molecular level. It has been determined by MIC and MBC tests that PH-EtOH has an antibacterial effect against A. lwoffii. FTIR spectra of PH-EtOH treated and untreated samples were analyzed and it was determined that significant differences occurred in lipid (3000-2800 cm-1), protein (1800-1200 cm-1) and nucleic acid (1200-900 cm-1) specific spectral ranges. The spectral differences in these regions allowed a comprehensive understanding of the effects of PH-EtOH extract at the molecular level, such as changes in protein secondary structures and functional groups of A. lwoffii, changes in lipid composition and membrane structure, and structural and functional modifications in nucleic acid components. In addition, Amide I/Amide II, RNA/DNA, Amide I/RNA and Amide I/DNA ratios were calculated to examine changes in the structures and compositions of these molecules.

Full text

Mode of Action Investigation of Phellinus hartigii Extract on
Acinetobacter lwofii using FTIR Spectroscopy
Kaan Akcay1, Kübra Teksen1, Merve Senturan1, Eda Altinoz1, Dilsad Ozerkan2, Ilgaz Akata3, Ergin Murat Altuner1
1Kastamonu University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Kuzeykent, Kastamonu, Türkiye
2Kastamonu University, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering,
Kuzeykent, Kastamonu, Türkiye
3Ankara University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ankara, Türkiye
Antibiotic resistance has become the biggest problem of the 21st century. It is estimated that this
problem will result in around 10 million deaths per year by 2050. Macrofungi are very important
for the discovery of new antibiotics as natural sources with potential microbial effects. In this
study, the effect of the ethanol extract of P. hartigii (PH-EtOH), which was known to have
antimicrobial properties against various microorganisms, was evaluated on
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole (SXT) resistant Acinetobacter lwoffii with MIC, MBC tests and
analyzed with FTIR to understand the changes at the molecular level. It has been determined by
MIC and MBC tests that PH-EtOH has an antibacterial effect against A. lwoffii. FTIR spectra of
PH-EtOH treated and untreated samples were analyzed and it was determined that significant
differences occurred in lipid (3000-2800 cm-1), protein (1800-1200 cm-1) and nucleic acid (1200-
900 cm-1) specific spectral ranges. The spectral differences in these regions allowed a
comprehensive understanding of the effects of PH-EtOH extract at the molecular level, such as
changes in protein secondary structures and functional groups of A. lwoffii, changes in lipid
composition and membrane structure, and structural and functional modifications in nucleic acid
components. In addition, Amide I/Amide II, RNA/DNA, Amide I/RNA and Amide I/DNA ratios
were calculated to examine changes in the structures and compositions of these molecules.