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A Holistic Energetic Transformation Concept for the Heating and Cooling Supply of a University Campus
... In general, waste heat can be utilized either directly to heat a building or fed into a district heating network. Stanica et al. (2022) developed and analyzed a cascading district heating network based on waste heat utilization for the northern campus of the TU Berlin. This concept offers lower levelized costs of heating than the current state. ...
... Energy concept with waste heat The building is currently supplied by the district heating network. Since the campus has a high waste heat potential (Stanica et al. (2022)), the usage of waste heat was considered to substitute energy from district heating (see Figure 4). Additionally, the energy concept of the retrofitted building consists of PV-installation on roof and façade, with an annual yield between 205-338 MWh depending on the installation variation. ...
There are two major uncertainties affecting the decision-making process for retrofitting measures based on building simulations. These are climatic conditions and energy resources in the future. Most designers or simulators produce results for the present situation using statistical weather data and current economic values. This way is objective and avoids speculation. Nevertheless, it automatically leads to uncertain outputs regarding the operational period of a building. If the life span of a building is considered, the realistic approach should be simulation outputs with a margin related to the future climate. Offering planners and authorities a margin of outputs instead of one single number about energy is novel. It combines the objectiveness of statistical approach and conceivable eventuality in advance to secure the quality assurance during the operational period of an building. This approach is demonstrated through a case study of a building undergoing retrofitting. The results indicate planning security through simulations with TRY for 20-25 years. However, it is important to consider simulations with future weather data beyond that timeframe. Additionally, the energy coverage based on renewable energies may vary significantly due to different weather scenarios, ranging from 33% to 93% when utilizing waste heat, depending on the heating system. Highlights • Considering future weather data by simulations • Enhanced quality for energy simulation outputs • Energy supply with waste heat considering different climate scenarios
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