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La exploración alienígena y el desplazamiento espacial como herramienta para la remodelación transcultural de la individualidad en Sin noticias de Gurb y El último trayecto de Horacio dos de Eduardo Mendoza
Abstract
Examino las transformaciones geo-culturales del viajero en Sin noticias de Gurb (1991) y El último trayecto de Horacio Dos (2002) de Eduardo Mendoza. Ambas obras divulgan un reajuste social de los protagonistas mediante el análisis de su complejidad personal y humanística debido a la exploración urbana del alienígena y el desplazamiento espacial. Argumento que el alienígena sin nombre, Gurb y Horacio Dos desvelan nuevos perfiles psicológicos y sociales a través del viaje, ya que este es una reconstrucción transcultural de la identidad. Experimentan un enriquecimiento emocional, cultural y humanista que formaliza el «sujeto en tránsito».
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Eduardo Mendoza's work has been divided into two thematic groups that he himself has accepted as valid: first, his so-called ‘serious works’, which include his well-known historical novels; second, his minor, works of parody. This article takes two of the works belonging to this second group (El laberinto de las aceitunas (1982) y Sin noticias de Gurb (1991)) to discuss how, through the problematization of thought, language and space, these works reflect the inconsistencies of reason in the Spanish postmodernity emerging during the Transición. To do this, this article will observe the insufficiency of Enlightenment (through Reason) that is present in the epistemological heritage of the narrators in these two novels.
This paper examines the role of place and identity processes using Breakwell's model as a framework. This model suggests that there are four principles of identity which guide action: continuity, self-esteem, self-efficacy and distinctiveness. These principles are examined here in relation to attachment to a residential environment. It focuses on residents living in an area of the London Docklands, chosen because of the social, environmental and economic change in that area. It was hypothesized that attached respondents would discuss their relationship with the local environment in ways which supported or developed the identity principles whereas nonattached residents would not consider the local environment in this way. Twenty in-depth semi-structured interviews were carried out on a sample of residents from Rotherhithe in the London Docklands. The interviews were transcribed and content analysed. Results showed that there were differences between the attached and nonattached respondents in their discussion of their local environment. In addition, there were differences within the nonattached group such that some residents were not attached and neutral with regards to their residential environment, whereas others were not attached but had a negative evaluation of their residential environment. These results are discussed within the identity process model framework.
This review article discusses and critically analyses three theories used to explain how architecture and the natural and builtphysical environment influence a person's identity. These theories are (1) place-identity theory, (2) social identity theory, and (3) identity process theory. The place-identity theory has provided important contributions to the field of psychology and to the social sciences of architecture, emphasizing the influence of the physical environment on identity and self-perception. However, there is little empirical research to support the theory and its specific contributions in relation to other identity theories have not been clarified. Despite the lack of awareness in mainstream psychology regarding the built environment, the processes described in social identity theory and identity process theory have been shown to be useful when explaining the relationship between identity and place. Nevertheless, as terminology, “place-identity” may be relevant, if seen as a part of other identity categories. Identity manifests itself on many levels, one of which is place. A new integrative model of place in built and natural environments is proposed.
Defining the Self-conceptAssessing the Self-conceptOperating a Self-concept: The Self-concept in ActionBuilding a Self-concept: The Self-concept as StructureDeveloping a Self-concept: The Self-concept as Cognitive ProductConstructing the Self: The Self-concept as Social ProductHaving and Being a Self: The Self-concept in Sociocultural Context
En este trabajo se presentan tres estudios. El estudio 1 se llevó a cabo con el objetivo de explorar las propiedades psicométricas y estructura factorial del cuestionario de apoyo comunitario percibido. El estudio 2 examina la relación del apoyo comunitario con diversos indicadores del ajuste psicológico. El estudio 3 se realizó para comprobar si existen diferencias en la percepción de apoyo comunitario entre participantes de áreas residenciales normales y de alto riesgo. Los resultados confirman que la percepción de apoyo comunitario está relacionada positivamente con en el ajuste psicológico, así como que las condiciones de la comunidad de residencia influyen en la percepción de apoyo comunitario de sus residentes. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos resultados para el análisis del apoyo comunitario tanto en el nivel individual como comunitario.
Abstract
This paper presents results from three studies. In Study 1, we analyze the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Community Support Questionnaire. In Study 2, we examine the relations among community support and several indicators of psychological adjustment. In Study 3, we compare levels of community support across two types of residential areas: low and high risk residential areas. Results confirm both that perception of community support is associated with psychological adjustment and that community support also varies across different types of residential areas. We discuss the results implications for the analysis of community support both at individual and community level.
El presente trabajo expone los numerosos factores ‒editoriales, sociales, políticos y técnicos‒ que influyeron en el auge de la ciencia ficción española durante los años ochenta. La enorme complejidad de esta realidad histórico-literaria aporta claves para el entendimiento del desarrollo del género en España y, en general, para abrir nuevas vías de análisis de la literatura española de la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Spanish science fiction had a very good period in the decades prior to the Civil War. We wouldn´t find a similar interest until the seventies and the eighties. To start with, this was due to the New Dimension magazine and subsequently many factors contributed to the appearance of several interesting writers that, especially with their short stories, provided the best works until nowadays.
Self-esteem and AffectAm I Good, Am I Bad: Self-esteem as a TraitAm I Doing Better or Worse? Self-esteem as a State VariableEvolution and Self-esteemA Coda on CultureSummary
Behavior as Goal Directed and Feedback ControlledRelated Motivation-Emotion ModelsConfronting AdversityScaling Back Aspirations and Recalibration of the Affect SystemRestraint and ConflictConcluding Comment
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