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Executive summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
About the authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
Chapter 1: An introduction to legal AI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
By Uwais Iqbal, founder, Simplexico
Defining AI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
How to achieve AI? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Strong and weak AI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Will AI replace lawyers? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Beating buzzwords – NLP, Deep Learning, Generative AI,
and LLMs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Generative AI and the legal industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
AI and electricity – technology, application, use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Horizontal and vertical AI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Legal AI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Principles for a legal AI future . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Closing thoughts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Chapter 2: Foundations of legal AI – evolution or revolution? . . . . . . . . . 13
By Josh Kubicki, board member at the Center for Computer-Assisted Legal
Instruction, and founder of Bold Duck Studio
AI – the old and the new . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Legal is a profession – and a business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Impacting and transforming the practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Foundational concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Using your own data with generative AI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Moving beyond digital to intelligent systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Contents
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Contents
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Chapter 3: Will AI augment and enhance – or replace? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
By Sondra Rebenchuk, senior innovation counsel,
Blake, Cassels & Graydon LLP
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
The building blocks of legal services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Evolving legal skill sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
AI in legal education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Partnering with other professionals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Impact of AI on alternative careers in law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Chapter 4: Becoming Iron Man, Esq. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
By Cat Casey, chief growth officer, Reveal
From Terminator to Iron Man – an evolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Human + AI > AI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Augmented intelligence vs HCAI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Why does HCAI matter to legal? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
How Gen AI can become your legal J.A.R.V.I.S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Building your own HCAI Stark Industries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Embracing your inner Iron Man, Esquire – tips and tricks . . . . . . . . 46
Chapter 5: Generation AI — reimagining BigLaw lawyer
formation in an era of unprecedented disruption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
By Jennifer Leonard, founder, Creative Lawyers
Historical underpinnings – the Cravath / Christopher Columbus
Langdell model of lawyer formation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
The value of the current model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Generative AI changes the nature of the work
junior attorneys perform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Law schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Power dynamics within law schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
The future of lawyer formation – approaches for
each stakeholder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
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Chapter 6: AI and privacy, data, and copyright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
By Allison Williams, head of intellectual property and
Amy King, senior associate, Norton Rose Fulbright, South Africa
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
There is no protection in an idea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
International copyright protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Work performed for the State or through use of
public funds or publicly funded institutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Determining the ownership of copyright in a computer
program or AI System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
The relevance of literary and artistic works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
The employment exception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
The challenges surrounding computer-generated works . . . . . . . . 71
The challenges associated with proving originality . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Chapter 7: AI and profitability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
By Josh Kubicki, board member at the Center for Computer-Assisted Legal
Instruction, and founder of Bold Duck Studio
The direct financial impact of AI on legal services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Jane’s dilemma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Extracting key financial impacts from AI integration
in legal practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
From solo practitioners to large legal teams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Citizen development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Charting a financially rewarding pathway – from
seeding ideas to flourishing integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Safeguarding profitability in an age of
technological evolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Chapter 8: Artificial intelligence, legal ethics, and public policy . . . . . . . . 93
By Nerushka Bowan, founder, LITT Institute, and Gilad Katzav,
candidate attorney, Norton Rose Fulbright South Africa
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Intelligence and ethics – an irreconcilable difference . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Tried and time-tested legal ethics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
AI, legal ethics, and institutionalized public policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
AI and the Legal Profession 19/10/2023 09:23 Page v
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Chapter 9: Challenges and ethical considerations
in the age of Gen AI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
By Natalie Pierce, partner, and Stephanie Goutos,
practice innovation attorney, Gunderson Dettmer
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Introduction to ethical challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Evolution of ethical standards for technology in law . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
The critical role of technological competence in the practice
of law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Challenges and professional obligations when using Gen AI . . . . 110
Does lawyers’ use of GenAI inherently lead
to “legal dabbling”? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Leveraging Gen AI irresponsibly creates serious risks . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Best practices for law firms to manage risks relating to Gen AI . . 117
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Chapter 10: AI and sustainability for legal professionals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
By Dr Valérie M. Saintot, lawyer, adjunct professor in leadership
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Starting with why . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Navigating the technological transformation – a roadmap . . . . . 135
Prompts for cultivating an inquiry mindset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Outlook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Further reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Chapter 11: Responsible generative AI – drawing governance
principles and enabling a conversation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
By Ilona Logvinova, associate general counsel and head of innovation,
McKinsey Legal
About Globe Law and Business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
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AI and the Legal Profession: Transforming the Future of Law explores the
profound impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the legal industry and the
transformative possibilities it offers. AI technologies are advancing at an
unprecedented pace, reshaping the practice of law, challenging traditional
models, and unlocking new opportunities for legal professionals. Our
opening chapter, by Uwais Iqbal, looks at what AI actually is. What do we
mean by artificial intelligence anyway? Uwais clarifies the different kinds of
AI, and explores the associated terminology surrounding machine learning,
deep learning, natural language processing, and generative AI, before under-
going a deep-dive into how we can and should conceptually think about
AI. Uwais then explores what goes into making an AI model, and whether
this new category of Legal AI is even necessary. He ends by providing five
guiding principles for a Legal AI future.
In chapter two, Josh Kubicki, board member at the Center for Computer-
Assisted Legal Instruction, and founder of Bold Duck Studio, explores the
underlying technology that allows AI to function within the legal sector and
how these foundational elements support its application in law. Data is of
course key, and Josh takes us through the importance of structured and
unstructured data, and how various applications of AI in law (legal research,
contract analysis, case prediction, due diligence, document automation,
and litigation) will be pursued in the coming months and years.
Chapter three, by Sondra Rebenchuk, senior innovation counsel at Blake,
Cassels & Graydon LLP, discusses how generative AI has the potential to
have a significant impact on the role of human lawyers. But, she argues,
the question should be what it will replace, not who. AI will change how
certain tasks and responsibilities are handled, but there is a corresponding
opportunity to grow the scope of legal service offerings with a focus on the
true value that lawyers bring – expertise and human judgment. This chapter
breaks down the tasks of lawyering – what is it that lawyers actually do and
how each link in the chain will be impacted by AI. Sondra then discusses
the growing importance of new skill sets for lawyers, from general AI literacy
to prompt engineering, and how lawyers are beginning to partner with other
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Executive summary
viii
professionals such as computer engineers and data scientists to enhance
service delivery. Finally, this chapter looks at some of the biggest profes-
sional opportunities for lawyers in the new era of generative AI at law firms,
in-house, and with legal technology vendors.
Chapter four, by Cat Casey, chief growth officer at Reveal, looks at
augmented AI. Human-centered AI combines human intelligence with AI
that remains under human control. In legal, we deal with high stakes issues
of liberty and reputation, where human insight is critical. Taking lessons
from chatbots, smartphones, and even social media, legal can combine
powerful AI with user-friendly interfaces to drive adoption. For legal, the
human beings in the driver’s seat (or the Iron man suit, as Cat playfully
analogises) are critical for positive legal outcomes. And the human-centric
design is critical for humans to want to use it. The use of AI is increasingly
a differentiator for law firms and solo practitioners alike. Now is the time,
she maintains, to embrace AI and legal technology. Otherwise, those who
embrace their inner Iron man, Esq. will leapfrog ahead!
Chapter five, by Jennifer Leonard, founder of Creative Lawyers, looks at
how the integration of generative AI both changes the role of the human
lawyer and challenges the human lawyer to adapt, particularly in the early
years of practice. If Gen AI lessens the need for the types of work junior
lawyers have always trained on, how will we shape the minds of developing
lawyers? How do we break their current roles into buckets of tasks, look at
the tasks that might disappear or decline, and how do we build in formative
scaffolding to ensure that future lawyers continue to develop the right skills?
How do we avoid “magical thinking” – that “magically” junior lawyers
without legal experience can instantly move to exercising judgment, coun-
selling clients, and advocating in court without sufficient training supports?
And how do we do all of this in a world in which the private sector market
may no longer foot the bill for those training years? Where will the incen-
tives come from?
Chapter six, by Allison Williams and Amy King of Norton Rose Fulbright,
South Africa, looks at AI and privacy, data, and copyright. The chapter looks
at the laws that current govern copyright and the challenges surrounding
computer-generated works. Josh Kubicki then returns in chapter seven to
explain how AI can improve profitability through increased efficiency,
reduced human error, and more effective resource management and
explores the potential financial implications of failing to adopt AI in the
legal sector and the cost-benefit analysis of AI integration in law firms.
In chapter eight, Nerushka Bowan of the LITT Institute and Gilad Katzav
from Norton Rose Fullbright look at AI and legal ethics. There is no occu-
AI and the Legal Profession 19/10/2023 09:23 Page viii
AI and the Legal Profession: Transforming the Future of Law
ix
pation whose followers do not have a “code” by which they justify their
conduct. In order to appreciate the morals of any particular profession, we
must look into its environment and seek to understand the different forces
and dynamics which have, over time, collectively produced an accepted
standard of behavior. The profession of law is no different. The primary role
of the lawyer is to counsel and advice clients on the apparatus of the law
(whether that be in respect of rights, obligations, or legal processes).
Lawyers do not, by the mere fact that they are experts in law, have any supe-
rior insight into questions of morality and ethics. Lawyers generally advise
clients on their legal position relative to the particular circumstances and
issues of the matter; and consider questions of morality insofar as it is
affixed to, or have an effect on, their advice.
This is not to suggest that lawyers are in any way indifferent or apathetic
to ethical considerations which exist apart from the strict application of the
law – in fact, the opposite is closer to the truth. Because lawyers are neces-
sary and vital actors in upholding and maintaining the legal system – a
system that expressly strives to achieve universal ideals such as justice,
equality, fairness, integrity and dignity – lawyers are often measured against
a higher standard of care and they are entrusted to act with the upmost
good faith in relation to their clients, their colleagues, the courts, and to
the public in general. Trying to reconcile the apparent difference between
the law, on the one hand, and the dynamism of legal ethics required of
actors within the law, on the other, is something lawyers have historically
left to practical illustration rather than theoretical solution.
However, the emergence and rise of artificial intelligence technologies brings,
for the first time in many years, new considerations from a legal ethics perspec-
tive. Although we are still in the fledgling phases of AI development, we are
already seeing some lawyers succumb to the tantalizing alure of “automation”
and AI tools that ostensibly appear to provide instant answers to any legal
problem posed, but that ultimately reveal their lack of real care, skill, and dili-
gence to the legal issue. This begs the questions: how does AI technology
impact the practice of law? And how should legal ethical standards adapt in
response to AI technology? This chapter explores the foundations of legal
ethics in the face of AI technologies and seeks to underscore precisely why
legal ethics, as we know it, matters now more than ever before.
The transformative impact of generative artificial intelligence (Gen AI) on
the legal industry is inevitable, a change predicted to fuel global GDP
growth by almost $7 trillion over the next decade.
Amid growing concerns and even some calls for an outright prohibition
of Gen AI in law firms, the authors of chapter nine continue this theme and
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Executive summary
x
argue for a balanced, responsible embrace of the technology. Natalie Pierce
and Stephanie Goutos of Gunderson Dettmer believe this stance is imper-
ative for the future of the legal profession and can position legal
professionals at the forefront of innovation and client service. At the same
time, for ward-thinking lawyers must learn to use these tools to uphold
professional standards of client service which is ethical and not only compe-
tent, but exceptional.
Courts’ recent acknowledgement of Gen AI’s role in litigation, with
requirements for its explicit disclosure, points towards its future ubiquity.
In navigating this shift, the chapter emphasizes that lawyers must uphold
their ethical standards and obligations outlined in the Model Rules of
Professional Conduct. The authors address and confront counterarguments
suggesting Gen AI’s unsuitability for legal work, potential for ethics viola-
tions, and risks of inaccuracies, bias, privacy breaches, and legal risks.
Acknowledging the inherent risks, they present strategies to mitigate these
and continue competently delivering exceptional and ethical client service.
Highlighting the importance of responsible Gen AI usage, the chapter
includes a comprehensive list of the top ten best practices for its ethical
implementation within law firms and concludes by stressing that legal
professionals’ refusal to adopt Gen AI could lead to their obsolescence,
predicting the prevalence of Gen AI policies across industries, including the
legal sector, by the end of 2023.
In chapter ten, Dr Valérie M. Saintot, lawyer and adjunct professor in
leadership, looks at the intersection of AI and sustainability law, champi-
oning the notion that AI and sustainability are deeply intertwined, sharing
fundamental dynamics that should be harnessed in harmony to serve higher
societal goals. In addition to traditional legal domain-driven expertise, the
legal profession must build substantial capabilities at the intersection of
technological proficiency and mindful environmental stewardship.
Finally, Ilona Logvinova, head of innovation at McKinsey Legal, turns the
crystal ball to the future of AI in chapter 11 and makes some predictions
to what the future of legal might look like in the brave new world of artificial
intelligence.
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xi
Nerushka Bowan is the founder of the Law Innovation Technology
Tomorrow (LITT) Institute. She creates and teaches exciting and engaging
courses on the topics of AI, privacy, innovation, and career mentorship. She
is recognized as an international thought leader in emerging technology law
and in analyzing the future legal and regulatory issues of emerging tech. She
has extensive experience in complex and strategic technology and privacy
law matters, including outsourcing transactions and regulatory and compli-
ance issues across various industry sectors. She is an advocate for legal
innovation and is involved in the upskilling of lawyers for the future of law.
Cat Casey is chief growth officer at Reveal Brainspace, helping lead inno-
vation for legal technology solutions, and a zealous advocate for AI in legal.
She is a thought leader and outspoken advocate of legal professionals
embracing technology to deliver better legal outcomes. She has two decades
of experience assisting clients with complex eDiscovery and forensic needs
that arise from litigation, expansive regulation, and complex contractual
relationships. Cat is a published author, keynote speaker, podcaster, and all-
around advocate for upskilling legal professionals facing the dawn of an AI
renaissance in law.
Stephanie Goutos is a practice innovation attorney at Gunderson Dettmer,
where she leads the strategic innovation and knowledge management initia-
tives for the firm’s employment and labor practice. Stephanie's accolades
include successfully defending multi-state class actions and implementing
legal tech solutions that have revolutionized firm-wide processes. Her
strategic foresight identifies risks and opportunities well ahead of the curve,
making her an invaluable asset in dynamic, complex environments. With
her background in class action defense, litigation, and employment coun-
seling, Stephanie bridges her traditional legal expertise with an unyielding
passion for forward-thinking innovation strategies. In doing so, she offers
a uniquely holistic approach to problem-solving, providing exceptional
value to stakeholders. She is passionate about spearheading transformative
About the authors
AI and the Legal Profession 19/10/2023 09:23 Page xi
About the authors
xii
change, achieving tangible outcomes, fostering innovation across organiza-
tions, and mentoring women to become more involved in the legal
technology industry.
Uwais Iqbal is an AI practitioner with over half a decade's worth of experi-
ence designing and building AI systems in the legal sector. He has held roles
as a machine learning engineer and a senior NLP data scientist at leading
legal tech start-ups as well as a corporate innovation lab. Uwais is currently
the founder and CEO of Simplexico, the legal AI consultancy focused on
supporting law firms and legal companies on their AI journey, offering serv-
ices around legal AI education, design, and development. They are on a
mission to help legal professionals step into a future of collaboration, not
competition, with AI.
Gilad Katzav is a candidate attorney with experience in various practice
areas, including technology, privacy, data protection, and consumer law.
Gilad has a background in legal research as he was a research associate at
the Mandela Institute based within the Wits School of Law. Gilad’s specific
research focus is on technology, data protection, and digital constitution-
alism. Gilad has appeared in multiple peer-reviewed publications, including
an article in the South African Law Journal, South Africa’s oldest and premier
academic journal. Gilad assists clients on various technology-based
mandates, including a recent research project on artificial intelligence, data
protection, and intellectual property in South Africa.
Amy King is an intellectual property, insurance, commercial, construction
and engineering litigation, and dispute resolution lawyer at Norton Rose
Fulbright South Africa Inc., based in Durban. Amy focuses on intellectual
property, insurance, commercial, construction and engineering disputes and
advises on the preparation and negotiation of supply agreements for manu-
facturing clients, as well as assignment and licensing agreements. She has
experience in international as well as domestic arbitrations, in relation to
disputes arising out of construction projects and supply agreements. Amy
also specialises in copyright and has experience in copyright and trademark
infringement dispute resolution, in domain name dispute resolution, trans-
actional IP, IP structuring, as well as social media take downs involving IP
infringements, including on Facebook, as well as through the Internet
Service Providers' Association of South Africa (ISPA). Amy holds a Bachelor
of Social Science degree (majoring in Politics and Law) from the University
of Cape Town and an LLB degree from the University of KwaZulu-Natal.
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Josh Kubicki brings a distinctive, hands-on perspective to the confluence
of generative AI and law. With a successful track record of constructing a
$20 million legal services business and leading transformative redesigns of
multimillion-dollar practice groups, Josh is not merely an academic; he is
a seasoned practitioner. As a former chief strategy officer and recognized
law professor, he has been lauded by Fast Company and Bloomberg Law
for pioneering innovative educational frameworks and establishing a
groundbreaking legal business design hub. While many in the field speak
from theory, Josh’s insights emanate from direct experience and impactful
experiments. Merging business acumen with strategic design and an inti-
mate knowledge of generative AI, he champions not just enhancements,
but also radical shifts in legal service delivery, driven by the profound poten-
tial of generative AI.
Jennifer Leonard is founder and CEO of Creative Lawyers, a company that
helps law firms, corporate legal departments, and law schools adapt to
change through strategic consulting, design thinking workshops, and inno-
vation challenges. She previously served as chief innovation officer and
executive director of the Future of the Profession Initiative at Penn Carey
Law. She practiced law for ten years after graduating Penn Carey Law in
2004 before returning to the law school to build its center on profession-
alism, which became a nationally-recognized program for law student
professional development. She teaches Generative AI in Law Practice, Design
Thinking for Lawyers, Law Firm Business Strategy, and Attorney Wellbeing as
Ethical Obligation, all at Penn Carey Law. She received Penn’s Beverly
Edwards Memorial Award for Excellence in Leadership and is a fellow with
the College of Law Practice Management. She hosts several podcasts about
the legal profession, including Law 2030 and Fast-Tracked: Emergent Issues
in the Profession.
Ilona Logvinova is the global head of innovation at McKinsey & Company,
working across the legal department to identify, lead, and implement cross-
cutting and impactful innovation initiatives. At McKinsey, Ilona is also a
senior technology lawyer and team lead within McKinsey Digital, working
closely with applications of emerging and cutting-edge technologies across
use cases and industries. Prior to joining McKinsey, Ilona was senior counsel
at Mastercard, where she worked on ground-up technology builds and tech
transactions to leverage the company’s core assets and explore broader part-
nership opportunities. Prior to Mastercard, Ilona was an associate at Fried
Frank, where she specialized in leveraged finance representing borrowers
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About the authors
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and lenders in secured and unsecured financings. Ilona has a BA from
Columbia University with a joint major in Economics and Philosophy and
her JD from the Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law.
Natalie Pierce is a partner at Gunderson Dettmer and chair of the firm’s
employment and labor practice. Natalie is a trusted advisor to start-ups and
venture capital and growth equity firms on all employment-related matters.
She also focuses on the future of work, including counseling on transfor-
mative technologies, and is a frequent speaker and contributor on the topic.
Natalie hosts Gunderson’s FutureWork Playbook podcast and was selected
as a Fast Case 50 Award Winner, one of Daily Journal’s “Top Artificial Intel-
ligence Lawyers” and “Top Labor and Employment Lawyers,” and San
Francisco Business Times’ “Bay Area’s Most Influential Women”. She was also
a member of the ABA’s Center for Innovation Governing Council, and co-
authored “Why Law Firms Must Responsibly Embrace Generative AI”.
Natalie earned her BA at UC Berkeley with Honors, and her law degree from
Columbia University School of Law, where she was a Harlan Fiske Stone
Scholar and recipient of the Emil Schlesinger Labor Law Prize at gradua-
tion.
Sondra Rebenchuk is senior innovation counsel and leads the practice
innovation team at Blake, Cassels & Graydon LLP. She is responsible for
identifying opportunities to improve legal processes internally and imple-
menting and managing legal technology to drive efficiency at the firm.
Sondra also works closely with clients to provide legal operations guidance
and create new solutions that address novel legal and business needs.
Sondra has been actively involved in the legal technology industry,
including working as a legal knowledge engineer and then an AI practice
consultant at Kira Systems. In her AI practice consultant role, she advised
law firms on the integration of machine learning in their practice, with a
specific focus on the transactional process. Following her admission to the
Ontario Bar in 2012, Sondra practiced at Goodmans LLP in Toronto where
she focused on M&A and securities.
Dr Valérie M. Saintot LL.M. is a lawyer (since 1994), visiting lecturer at
Bucerius Law School (since 2021), and adjunct professor at SKEMA Busi-
ness School (since 2022). She has worked in the private and EU public
sector and has been featured as a legal design thinking pioneer (2022).
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AI and the Legal Profession: Transforming the Future of Law
xv
Valérie is an active member and ambassador for human-centric AI with the
Liquid Legal Institute. She recently contributed to the update of the Legal
Digitalization Guide. She has authored articles on the visual navigation of
the law and legal knowledge visualization. She has extensive experience in
legal functions, legal operations, and legal knowledge management. She is
also actively promoting the transformation of legal ecosystems to take
advantage of (generative) AI and technologies to actively preserve peace and
democracy. She promotes mindfulness-based leadership to face with
resilience and discernment the many societal transformations under way.
She is a passionate international keynote speaker.
Allison Williams is an intellectual property and commercial lawyer at
Norton Rose Fulbright South Africa Inc., based in Durban. She has exten-
sive experience in intellectual property law of all kinds and descriptions,
including the registration and enforcement of trade marks globally, copy-
right, passing off and unlawful competition, franchising, domain name
dispute resolution, advertising complaints and transactional IP work, such
as M&A deals containing IP elements or aspects, due diligences, licensing,
assignments and, in particular, IP structuring. She has also had significant
experience in social media take downs involving IP infringements, including
on Facebook, WhatsApp, LinkedIn, and YouTube, as well as through the
Internet Service Providers' Association of South Africa (ISPA). Allison has
practised in the field of intellectual property law for 25 years. She has
managed the global trademark portfolios for a number of local clients and
has filed and enforced trademarks locally for a number of global clients. She
is listed as a recommended intellectual property lawyer in the Legal 500 for
the years 2015, 2016 and 2017, whilst she was a director of the firm.
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