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Generative AI is poised to
dramatically reshape the
mental health care landscape. !
!
Is it really safe, effective, and
well regulated? Does it
improve access to quality
care?
Non-Cognitive Predictors of Student Success:!
A Predictive Validity Comparison Between Domestic and International Students
Background
•Access to mental health services remains limited globally, and with
increasing global needs remaining unmet, the need for rapid
innovation in mental health care delivery remains clear. #
•Digital mental health apps and artificial intelligence, such as
chatbots, have previously been proposed as a solution toward
increased access to quality mental health care. #
•Chatbots are digital tools capable of engaging in natural language
conversations and mimicking human responses and behaviors, while
engaging in task-oriented dialogue with users. #
•The widespread use of digital voice assistants coupled with low-cost
availability of smartphone apps may uniquely position conversational
agents as digital tools able to increase access to mental health care.#
Methods
•A systematic literature search was conducted in May 2023, using the
PubMed, EmBase, PsychINFO, and Cochrane databases as well as
ArXiv and IEEE Xplore. #
•Included were studies that assessed the efficacy of a conversational
agent on the treatment of serious mental illnesses (SMI), including
mood disorders, anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders, and substance
use disorders.#
Results
•Of the 677 papers reviewed, 21 were included and 656 were excluded. #
•When compared to reviews of the chatbot landscape from 2018 and
2020, there continues to be a lack of standard measures to ensure
ease of comparison between studies in this space. #
•Some populations continued to lack representation, while others
are now gaining representation. #
•Overall, there were generally positive experiences with chatbots
when measured across domains of usability, acceptability, and
engagement. #
•The continued degree of heterogeneity between studies in this
space, however, makes direct comparison challenging.#
Conclusion
•Chatbots remain an important technology in consideration of
increasing access to mental health services, gaining tremendous
interest and popularity since the release of ChatGPT in November
2022. #
•This systematic review revealed areas of improvement in this space as
well as increased need for standardization of scales across studies,
and the need to include clinician perspectives.
Conversational Agents in Psychiatry
and Mental Health: Opportunities for
improving access to care through
harnessing Generative Artificial
Intelligence
Aditya Vaidyam, MS1,2, Khirsen Corbins, BS1*, Micah Silberstein, BS1*,
Samuel Blake Levine, BS1*, Sid Limaye, BS1*, John Torous, MD2#
1 Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana, IL, USA#
2 Division of Digital Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center,
Boston, MA, USA#
*These authors contributed equally to this work.
With patients today beginning to use digital health apps and conversational agents to
manage or augment their healthcare, it’s important for physicians to better understand
their therapeutic efficacy, safety, and any potential health risks associated with their usage.
PRESENTER
Aditya Vaidyam, MS!
@avaidyam | https://aditya.vaidyam.me/