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Juvenile Hackers: An Empirical Test of Self-Control Theory and Social Bonding Theory
... One of these studies (Stack et al., 2004) analyzed self-reported survey data from 531 US Internet users and found that religious and marital bonds were significant deterrents to consuming online pornography. More recently, Back et al. (2018) examined survey data of 18,985 students from eight countries and suggested that parental supervision and school attachment were significantly and negatively associated with juvenile hacking. However, the significant relationships varied across the countries in the study, justifying further cross-population comparison. ...
This study aims to comprehensively test the applicability of lifestyle exposure theory (LET) against other criminogenic and victimogenic factors in predicting the differential risks of online offending-victimization overlap across multiple types of online deviance. Using self-reported survey data from 3,741 Chinese college students, the study performed Latent Class Analysis (LCA) and posterior multinomial logistic regression analysis. The LCA identified five latent classes of offending-victimization overlap, with only 6% of respondents reporting high overlap risk. Posterior multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that LET indicators and gender emerged as the most robust predictors of overlap risks compared to other theory-driven (e.g., control and routine activity theories) and sociodemographic factors. The current study accentuates the importance of methodological diversity in examining victim-offender overlap.
... In accordance with information technological development, hacking has become a pervasive form of crime worldwide in recent years. In this regard, "Juvenile Hackers: An Empirical Test of Self-Control Theory and Social Bonding Theory" by Sinchul Back, Sadhika Soor, and Jennifer LaPrade used an existing survey on middle school and high school students in the United States, Russia, Spain, Venezuela, France, Hungary, Germany, and Poland comparatively (Back et al., 2018). Their results show strong support of Michael Gottfredson and Travis Hirschi's (1990) self-control theory and partial support for Hirschi's (1969) social bond theory. ...
... Despite this fact, there has been some success when applying traditional criminological theories to hacking. For example, a recent study of younger hackers found strong support for self-control theory, and partial support for social bonding theory in an effort to explain juvenile computer hacking (Back et al., 2018). Social learning theory has also been proposed as an explanation for hacking because hackers receive positive reinforcement from the hacker community, which could motivate them to continue engaging in cybercrime (Chng et al., 2022). ...
Discussing social media-related scholarship found in criminology, legal studies, policing, courts, corrections, victimization, and crime prevention, this book presents the current state of our knowledge on the impact of social media and the major sociological frameworks employed to study the U.S. justice system.
Building a theoretical framework for the study of social media and criminal justice in each chapter, the chapters provide a systematic reflection of extant research on social media in cybercrime, operations of courts, administration of institutional and community corrections, law enforcement, and crime prevention. The book fills the gap between the contemporary state of knowledge regarding social media and criminal justice with respect to both empirical evidence and types of sociological frameworks being employed to explore and identify the societal costs and benefits of our growing dependence upon social media. In addition to providing an up-to-date overview of our current state of knowledge, this book highlights important areas of future research, wherein the benefits of social media can be expanded and the negative aspects of its broadening use can be minimized.
Social Media and Criminal Justice will be of interest to students, scholars and practitioners in the areas of judicial administration, corrections management, law enforcement, and criminal justice-engaged community-based nonprofit organizations involved in court-referred treatment and/or active collaboration with local law enforcement agencies.
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Learning based on evidence and empirical data always make students more involved in the content area and help to conceptualise how to take decisions, based on tangible evidence offered by both scientific literature and experiments, or by data and information obtained through various procedures. This is the era where digital natives inhabit and immerse in Google world for every single need and deed which may results in intentional or unintentional engagements in several social media platforms that may lead to serious cyber threats and issues, even crimes. The present experimental study analysed the effectiveness of Evidence based learning strategy for enhancing cyber security awareness among higher secondary students. From a total sample of 100 higher secondary students, 50 each were randomly selected as control and experimental groups and are given learning experience through ongoing activity-based method and Evidence based learning strategy respectively. Pre-test and post-test on cyber security awareness were conducted and results obtained were statistically analysed through mean, standard deviation, and t-test. Result of the study revealed that the group instructed through evidence-based learning strategy showed significantly higher level of awareness than the group instructed through ongoing method.
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