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ICT TOOLS AND RESOURCES
TO SUPPORT LANGUAGE TEACHING
FOR ELDERS
Czestochowa, 2023
Elders Learning English for Europe
2021-1-PL01-KA220-ADU-000033465
______________________________________________________________
Project information
Project: Erasmus+
Project title: Elders learning English for Europe
Acronym: ELENE
Project No.: 2021-1-PL01-KA220-ADU-000033465
Project coordinator: Instytut Badan i Innowacji w Edukacji, [INBIE], Poland
Project partners:
Funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the
author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European
Education and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA). Neither the European Union nor EACEA
can be held responsible for them.
Authors:
Renata OCHOA-DADERSKA - Instytut Badań i Innowacji w Edukacji – INBIE -
Poland
Agnieszka CHĘCIŃSKA-KOPIEC Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in
Katowice - Poland
Gabriela OCHOA-DADERSKA - Instytut Badań i Innowacji w Edukacji – INBIE -
Poland
Kacper KOTLEWSKI - Instytut Badan i Innowacji w Edukacji – INBIE - Poland
Nataša JAKOB - Ljudska univerza Rogaška Slatina – LURS - Slovenia
Mojca VUKOVIC - Ljudska univerza Rogaška Slatina – LURS - Slovenia
Yeliz NUR AKARÇAY – Sarıçam Halk Eğitimi Merkezi Müdürlüğü - Türkiye
Alpaslan AKILLI - Sarıçam Halk Eğitimi Merkezi Müdürlüğü - Türkiye
Elisardo SANCHIS - INNETICA - Spain
Arturo José GONZÁLEZ - INNETICA - Spain
Melanie VÁZQUEZ - INNETICA - Spain
Luis OCHOA-SIGUENCIA - Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice -
Poland
Printing and binding:
Online © Fundacja Instytut Badań i Innowacji w Edukacji, Częstochowa, 2022
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10028141
Free publication
Programme: Erasmus+ Key Action: Partnerships for cooperation and exchange of
practices; Cooperation partnerships in adult education; Project Reference: 2021-1-
PL01-KA220-ADU-000033465
Topics: ICT, Foreign language teaching and learning; Active ageing; Development
of training courses.
More publications: Publishing INBIE: https://publisher.inbie.pl
Table of content
INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 5
THE CASE OF TÜRKIYE ................................................................................................ 7
THE CASE OF SLOVENIA ........................................................................................... 12
THE CASE OF SPAIN ................................................................................................. 14
THE CASE OF POLAND .............................................................................................. 20
SELECTION AND VALIDATION OF TOOLS AND RESOURCES ....................................... 23
CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................... 25
REFERENCES ............................................................................................................ 26
5
INTRODUCTION
Learning English online can offer numerous benefits for seniors, just as it does for
individuals of any age. Here are some of the advantages of seniors learning English online:
Convenience: Online learning allows seniors to study English from the comfort of their
own homes. They can choose when and where they want to study, making it a flexible
option that accommodates their schedules and preferences.
Self-Paced Learning: Seniors can learn at their own pace. Online courses often provide
materials that can be reviewed as many times as needed, allowing seniors to take their time
and grasp the language at their own speed.
Access to Resources: The internet offers a wealth of English learning resources, from
language courses to grammar guides, pronunciation videos, and interactive exercises.
Seniors can access a variety of free or paid resources to support their learning journey.
Improved Cognitive Health: Learning a new language is a mentally stimulating activity
that can help maintain and improve cognitive functions, which is especially important for
seniors.
Social Interaction: Online English courses and language learning communities provide
opportunities for seniors to interact with people from around the world. This can combat
social isolation and foster connections with others who share similar interests.
Travel and Cultural Understanding: English is a global language, and learning it can make
traveling to English-speaking countries more enjoyable and less intimidating. It can also
enhance cultural awareness and understanding of diverse cultures.
Job Opportunities: Some seniors may want to continue working or pursue part-time
employment. Learning English can open up job opportunities in industries that require
bilingual or English-speaking workers.
Enhanced Communication: As English is one of the most widely spoken languages
globally, learning it can facilitate communication with English-speaking family members,
friends, and acquaintances.
Access to Information: Much of the world's information and resources are available in
English. Seniors who can read and understand English have access to a broader range of
knowledge, news, and entertainment.
Mental Stimulation: Learning a new language is a complex task that involves memory,
problem-solving, and linguistic analysis. This cognitive stimulation can help keep the mind
sharp and active.
Personal Growth: Learning a new language is a rewarding and fulfilling experience.
Seniors can gain a sense of achievement and personal growth from acquiring a new skill.
Cost-Effective: Many online resources for learning English are free or affordable. Seniors
can choose from a variety of courses and materials that fit their budget.
6
Adaptability: Online learning platforms often offer features like subtitles, slow playback,
and clear pronunciation, making it easier for seniors to adapt to the pace of the course.
In summary, learning English online can be an excellent option for seniors, offering
convenience, mental stimulation, opportunities for social interaction, and personal growth.
It can also open doors to new experiences, travel, and job opportunities.
7
The case of Türkiye
Adults, including elders, learning English for travelling purposes is a common and practical
endeavour. Learning English can greatly enhance elders’ travel experience, allowing them
to communicate effectively, navigate unfamiliar places, and interact with locals in English-
speaking and tourist attraction places in various countries.
Enhanced Communication: Knowing English helps travellers interact with people from
diverse cultures, making their travel experience more immersive and enjoyable.
Increased Independence: Elder travellers gain more independence when they can
understand and respond in English. This can boost their confidence while exploring new
destinations.
Access to Information: English proficiency enables travellers to access information online,
read signs, menus, and maps, and follow instructions in various contexts.
Cultural Understanding: Learning English can also enhance their understanding of
English-speaking cultures, allowing for more meaningful interactions with locals.
On the other hand, many countries, including Türkiye, do not have well-defined and used
curriculum designed for seniors learning English for travel purposes. However, some
special institutions may address needs of this population in various contexts. Special
courses and public education centres could be considered in this context.
Public education centres in Türkiye play a crucial role in providing lifelong learning
opportunities for people of all ages, including elderly individuals. These centres offer a
wide range of courses and programs tailored to the specific needs and interests of older
learners as well. Public education centres support lifelong learning for elderly individuals
as follows:
1. Diverse Course Offerings: Public education centres provide diverse courses,
including language classes, computer literacy programs, art and craft workshops,
dance and music lessons, health and wellness seminars, and more. These offerings
cater to various interests, allowing elderly learners to explore new skills and
hobbies.
8
2. Social Interaction: Lifelong learning programs in public education centres create
social spaces where elderly individuals can interact with peers who share similar
interests. This social interaction fosters a sense of community and combats social
isolation, which is common among seniors.
3. Cognitive Stimulation: Engaging in lifelong learning activities stimulates the brain,
promoting cognitive health and preventing cognitive decline. Activities like
learning a new language, solving puzzles, or taking up creative arts enhance mental
agility and memory.
4. Health and Wellness Programs: Many public education centres offer health and
wellness workshops, including nutrition classes and stress management sessions.
These programs promote physical and mental well-being, encouraging a healthier
lifestyle among elderly learners.
5. Flexibility and Accessibility: Lifelong learning programs are often designed with
flexible schedules to accommodate the needs of elderly individuals. Classes may
be offered during non-working hours, allowing retirees to participate. Additionally,
some centres provide online courses, making learning accessible to those who
prefer remote learning.
6. Personal Growth: Lifelong learning empowers elderly individuals by boosting their
self-esteem and confidence. Acquiring new skills and knowledge instils a sense of
achievement, contributing to personal growth and a positive outlook on life.
Learning a new language can increase all these positive effects.
7. Intergenerational Learning: Public education centres sometimes facilitate
intergenerational learning experiences, where older adults share their wisdom and
experiences with younger learners, fostering mutual understanding and respect
between generations.
8. Affordable Education: Lifelong learning programs at public education centres are
often affordable or even free, ensuring that financial constraints do not hinder
access to education for elderly individuals. To summarize, public education centres
serve as invaluable hubs for lifelong learning, providing elderly individuals with
opportunities to socialize, learn new skills, stay mentally and physically active, and
enrich their lives well into their golden age.
9
In the realm of language teaching for older adults, limited research exists on curriculum
development, textbook publication, and specific teaching methodologies tailored to this
demographic in Turkey. The picture is not very different in many other countries. However,
some international publications provide valuable suggestions for language instructors.
Persidsky and Kelly (1992) recommended bilingual teachers for Russian adults learning
English in the US. Weinstein-Shr (1993) emphasized the need for a favourable learning
environment for older learners, considering their potential vision problems, and advocated
for educational materials in large-print formats. Grognet (1997) stressed the importance of
adapting the curriculum to older adult learners' specific needs and preferences, highlighting
the role of engaging and relevant content. Grasso (2016) addressed language anxiety
among older learners, emphasizing the significance of a comfortable learning environment,
authentic materials, and learner-oriented teaching approaches. Ramirez Gomez (2016)
underscored the challenges posed by ageist attitudes and advocated for a content-based
approach, critiquing the suitability of the Common European Framework of Reference
(CEFR) for older learners.
Apart from instructional challenges, administrative issues also affect language education
for older adults. Studies highlighted the lack of available language courses, often resulting
in limited class frequency and level options, potentially due to funding constraints
or misconceptions about older learners' abilities (Hubenthal, 2004). To address these
challenges, teachers must tailor their teaching methods to meet the specific needs of older
learners, fostering engaging conversations and creating well-lit, quiet classrooms.
Additionally, course materials should be age-appropriate, and the CEFR criteria should be
adjusted to better suit older adults. Institutions must expand their offerings, providing
a variety of class levels during evening sessions to accommodate older learners effectively.
These recommendations can be taken into consideration while designing any learning
program for older adults in Türkiye.
These recommendations can be summarized as follows:
• Bilingual Instructors: Consider employing bilingual instructors for language
classes targeting older adults, enhancing the learning experience.
• Conducive Learning Environment: Provide a well-lit, quiet, and comfortable
environment for older learners, accommodating potential vision problems and
ensuring a positive atmosphere.
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• Large-Print Materials: Develop educational materials in large-print formats to aid
older learners with potential visual impairments, promoting accessibility.
• Flexible Teaching Approaches: Be flexible in teaching methods, acknowledging
the diverse learning strategies older adults may have developed over time, ensuring
a personalized and adaptable learning experience.
• Engaging Content: Design course content that is engaging and relevant to older
learners, avoiding mundane or irrelevant material. Focus on topics and activities
that captivate their interest.
• Address Language Anxiety: Address language anxiety among older learners by
creating a comfortable learning environment, utilizing authentic materials, and
adopting learner-oriented teaching styles.
• Content-Based Approach: Implement a content-based teaching approach,
emphasizing meaningful content over rigid language rules, catering to the specific
learning needs of older adults.
• Age-Appropriate Material: Ensure course materials are age-appropriate, aligning
with the interests and experiences of older learners, making the learning process
more relatable and engaging.
• Reassess CEFR Criteria: Consider revising the Common European Framework of
Reference (CEFR) to better suit the unique learning styles and needs of older adults,
allowing for a more tailored language education experience.
• Expand Course Offerings: Institutions should expand their language course
offerings, providing classes at various levels during evening sessions to
accommodate the diverse proficiency levels of older learners effectively.
Information and communication technologies (ICT) have become indispensable across
society, catering to various age groups. ICT tools like computers, the internet, and mobile
phones are now considered essential for daily activities. Overall, ICT plays a pivotal role
in enhancing communication, accessing services, and improving the overall well-being of
elderly individuals.
In Türkiye, the elderly population has been steadily increasing, constituting 8.3% of the
total population in 2017, up from 7.5% in 2012. Despite the country's efforts in digitalizing
government and private services, the specific needs and expectations of the elderly
regarding information and communication technologies (ICT) are often overlooked in the
11
design of digital products and services. Both public and private sectors have been
transitioning to digital platforms, including the e-Government Gateway. However, there is
a lack of mature research in the field of human-computer interaction (HCI) concerning the
use of ICT by senior citizens in Türkiye.
This indicates a gap in understanding and addressing the unique requirements of the elderly
population in the digital landscape. Projects targeting this age group are believed to address
this gap.
12
The case of Slovenia
In Slovenia, different organizations offer English courses to seniors:
- Language Schools: Many language schools in Slovenia offer English courses
tailored for senior citizens
- Adult Education Centres: Adult education centres often provide language courses
for adults of all ages
- Community Centres: Community centres and senior centres may organize English
language classes; they are often accessible and provide a comfortable learning
environment
- Retirement Communities: In some retirement communities, they offer language
courses as part of their activities
- Local Universities and Colleges: Some universities and colleges offer lifelong
learning or continuing education programs that include English language courses
for older adults.
Although the offer of English courses in Slovenia is very big, our research has shown that
online English courses for seniors are almost non-existent in Slovenia. During the Covid-
19 situation there were some attempts to set up some individual online English courses
from seniors, but nothing was made on a national basis so each organization that works
with seniors was left on its own to try to manage some kind of online version of language
learning.
An example of good practice comes from organization Porečje Sore that offers English
online courses from seniors. Their theory is that many do not have time for a classical
language course, but they are still good speakers. They can choose e-learning of a foreign
language at their own pace, anywhere and anytime. They learn the language independently
or in combination with conversations with the teacher. If they want, they change the level
of knowledge, and sometimes even change the language of the course. More and more of
them are choosing a 100% mobile solution.
Depending on their needs, learning habits and set goals, seniors can choose between two
forms of e-learning:
- Self-Study which enables independent e-learning anywhere and anytime without
the help of a tutor
- Studying with a coach which is an ideal combination of e-learning and a course
with a teacher which is proven to be the most successful method of learning.
- Seniors can choose between:
- E-course for beginners - (Foundations) adapted to pure beginners or to those who
would like to repeat the basics
- Continuing e-course - (Fluency Builder) which is an ideal choice for those who
already have good knowledge of a foreign language.
The organization offers this option because they believe that e-learning is the most flexible
solution and an ideal solution that enables language learning even when, due to numerous
obligations and unpredictable schedules, seniors cannot go to the course at the
predetermined time. This way of learning enables 24/7 study when it suits you: morning,
13
evening, night... At the same time, seniors can set their own learning pace, start learning at
any time, spend an unlimited number of hours in the program (via mobile app or browser)
and choose the contents themselves and design their own customized program.
The organization offers seniors a 100% mobile e-course. They can access all content and
tests and set goals via the mobile application. They can also track their progress in the web
and mobile app and access the content even when the internet connection is not available
(applies to the advanced course).
But as mentioned, this organization is more of an exception to a rule. We could claim that
the low level of offer of online English courses comes from the fact that ICT skills of
seniors in Slovenia are still on a quite low level and for seniors learning and improving ICT
skills is a big enough challenge on its own, therefore they could consider adding online
English learning too difficult and too stressful for them. It is expected that it will be easier
for future generations, where ICT skills will be more developed, to choose an online option
for learning English, but this is more the case for the future, at least in Slovenia.
14
The case of Spain
The context of language learning among the elderly in Spain is shaped by several critical
factors that highlight the significance of this study. Spain, like many other developed
countries, is experiencing a demographic shift characterized by a growing elderly
population.
Life expectancy has steadily increased, and birth rates have declined, leading to an
increasingly aged demographic. This demographic transformation presents both challenges
and opportunities for various facets of society, including education. As Spain’s population
ages, there is a growing need to address the unique educational needs and aspirations of the
elderly. Traditional education systems, primarily designed for younger generations, may
not adequately cater to the learning preferences and requirements of elderly learners.
In this context, language learning emerges as a particularly relevant area of focus.
Language acquisition offers numerous benefits for the elderly, extending far beyond the
development of language skills. For this demographic, learning languages can serve as a
powerful tool for cognitive stimulation and mental health maintenance. Research indicates
that engaging in language learning exercises memory, problem-solving abilities, and
critical thinking skills, thereby contributing to the preservation of cognitive function in old
age.
Furthermore, language learning promotes social inclusion and interaction among the
elderly.
Loneliness and social isolation are common challenges faced by older individuals, and
language classes or language exchange groups provide opportunities for meaningful social
connections. Engaging in language learning can foster a sense of belonging, reduce feelings
of isolation, and enhance overall emotional well-being.
Effective communication is another crucial aspect of the elderly’s quality of life.
Proficiency in multiple languages allows elderly individuals to express themselves more
clearly and comprehensively. This improved communication reduces frustration
in interpersonal relationships and facilitates meaningful connections with family members,
friends, and caregivers. Enhanced communication leads to better emotional and
psychological well-being, promoting a sense of empowerment and autonomy among
elderly learners.
Furthermore, learning a language provides a portal to cultural enrichment, which is
especially important in the context of Spain due to its linguistic diversity. With multiple
official languages and regional dialects, Spain boasts a rich tapestry of cultures. Learning
different languages allows elderly individuals to explore and appreciate various cultures,
fostering curiosity, open-mindedness, and a deeper connection to their own heritage.
This cultural enrichment adds to the richness and fulfilment of life for elderly learners.
Moreover, language learning aligns with the concept of lifelong learning and personal
growth, which resonates strongly with many elderly individuals. It provides them with an
avenue to continue setting and achieving new goals, pursuing intellectual interests, and
embracing new challenges even after retirement. This ongoing journey of learning
15
enhances their sense of purpose and accomplishment, ultimately promoting mental and
emotional well-being.
In conclusion, understanding the background and significance of language learning for the
elderly in Spain underscores the need to address their unique needs and preferences
in education. The multifaceted benefits of language learning emphasize the importance of
integrating ICT tools and resources to support their language education effectively.
Benefits of ICT in Elderly Language Learning
The integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) into elderly
language learning in Spain offers a range of valuable benefits. These benefits are
particularly crucial for older individuals seeking to acquire or enhance their language skills.
Let’s explore these benefits in detail:
Flexibility and Convenience:
ICT tools and resources provide elderly language learners with unmatched flexibility and
convenience:
● Self-Paced Learning: Many online language learning platforms and apps allow
elderly learners to progress at their own pace. This flexibility is particularly
important as it accommodates varying learning speeds and schedules. Elderly
learners can choose when and for how long they wish to study, making it easier to
incorporate language learning into their daily routines.
● Accessibility: ICT tools are accessible from anywhere with an internet connection.
This accessibility eliminates the need for elderly learners to travel to physical
classrooms, especially relevant for those with mobility issues. Language learning
can take place from the comfort of their homes, which is often preferred by older
individuals.
● 24/7 Availability: Online resources and language learning apps are available 24/7.
This means elderly learners can engage with language learning at any time that suits
them, whether it is during the day, in the evening, or even late at night. Such
flexibility is vital for accommodating different lifestyles and preferences.
Engagement and Interactivity:
ICT tools and resources enhance engagement and interactivity in the language learning
process:
● Gamification: Many language learning apps incorporate gamification elements,
turning language learning into an interactive and enjoyable experience. Older
learners can complete quizzes, earn points, and track their progress, making the
process more engaging and motivating.
● Interactive Exercises: Online platforms and apps provide a wide range of interactive
exercises, such as listening comprehension, pronunciation practice, and vocabulary
drills. These exercises are not only beneficial for language skill development but
also keep elderly learners actively engaged in the learning process.
16
● Immediate Feedback: ICT resources often offer immediate feedback on exercises
and quizzes. This real-time feedback is valuable for older individuals as it allows
them to correct their mistakes and learn from them, promoting a sense of
accomplishment and progress.
Cognitive Benefits:
Engaging with ICT tools in language learning can lead to significant cognitive benefits for
elderly individuals:
- Mental Stimulation: Language learning itself is a mentally stimulating activity.
It challenges the brain to acquire new vocabulary, grammar rules, and
pronunciation skills. This cognitive exercise can help maintain and improve
cognitive function, particularly memory and problem-solving abilities.
- Lifelong Learning: Engaging in language learning through ICT tools promotes the
concept of lifelong learning. This continuous engagement in intellectual pursuits
can delay cognitive decline and contribute to healthy aging.
- Social Interaction: Many ICT tools also enable social interaction through online
language exchange and discussion forums. Social engagement has been linked to
cognitive well-being, helping elderly learners stay mentally active.
In conclusion, the integration of ICT tools and resources into elderly language learning in
Spain brings about essential benefits. These benefits include flexibility and convenience,
enhanced engagement and interactivity, and significant cognitive advantages. They cater
to the diverse needs and preferences of older learners, making language learning more
accessible, engaging, and supportive for elderly individuals in their language learning
journeys.
ICT Tools and Resources for Elderly Language Learners
When it comes to supporting language learning for the elderly in Spain, various ICT tools
and resources can be valuable. These tools are designed to cater to the unique needs and
preferences of elderly learners, providing flexibility, accessibility, and interactivity. Here
is a detailed breakdown of the key ICT tools and resources:
Online Language Learning Platforms:
Online language learning platforms are web-based tools and websites that provide
structured courses for learning languages. They are designed to cater to a wide range of
languages and are user-friendly to accommodate elderly learners who may not be tech-
savvy. These platforms offer a variety of interactive lessons, exercises, and quizzes to
engage users. They often allow learners to set their own pace, making them ideal for self-
directed study. Features such as pronunciation guides and speech recognition can help users
practice language production. Online language learning platforms also frequently include
cultural insights, fostering a deeper understanding of the language being learned.
17
Language Learning Mobile Applications:
Language learning mobile applications are smartphone and tablet apps designed for
language education. They offer several advantages, such as accessibility and flexibility.
Elderly learners can access these apps on their own devices, making it convenient for them
to engage in language learning on the go. The lessons in these apps are often divided into
manageable sections, allowing users to study in short, focused sessions. Many language
learning apps incorporate gamified elements, progress tracking, and immediate feedback
to motivate and engage learners. This feature can be particularly appealing to elderly
learners looking for interactive and goal-oriented language learning experiences.
Free Online Language Resources:
Free online language resources encompass websites, blogs, and YouTube channels that
offer a wide range of information for language learners. These resources can be particularly
useful for elderly individuals who are on a budget. They typically provide access to
grammar explanations, vocabulary lists, cultural insights, and language-related content
without any cost. While these resources may lack the structured approach of paid language
learning platforms, they are excellent for supplementary learning, self-study, and
exploration of specific language topics of interest. This flexibility allows elderly learners
to access information at their own pace and according to their individual interests.
Videoconferencing and Online Classes:
Videoconferencing tools and online classes provide the elderly with opportunities for real-
time, interactive language learning. Videoconferencing platforms like Zoom, Skype, or
Microsoft Teams enable live communication with instructors and fellow learners. This live
interaction creates a sense of community and combats social isolation, which is particularly
important for elderly learners. Online language classes often offer structured lesson plans,
allowing learners to ask questions, engage in group discussions, and receive immediate
feedback from instructors. These classes can provide a more structured learning
environment for elderly individuals who prefer guidance and regular interaction.
Customization and Accessibility Features:
Customization and accessibility features in ICT tools and resources are crucial for
accommodating the unique needs of elderly learners. Many platforms allow users to
customize their learning experience by adjusting font sizes, changing color themes for
better readability, or enabling text-to-speech functionality. These features are especially
beneficial for learners with visual impairments or limited mobility, as they enhance the
usability of the tools. Customizable interfaces and content empower elderly learners to
tailor their language learning journey to their preferences and needs. This personalization
fosters greater engagement and user satisfaction, making language learning more enjoyable
and effective.
18
In summary, these ICT tools and resources cater to the needs of elderly language learners
in Spain by offering accessibility, interactivity, customization, and a variety of options.
These tools not only facilitate language acquisition but also address the challenges faced
by elderly learners, making language learning more engaging and effective. Their
flexibility allows elderly individuals to embark on language learning journeys that align
with their abilities and interests.
Case Studies
Examining case studies that showcase the successful implementation of ICT (Information
and Communication Technology) in elderly language learning offers valuable insights into
practical approaches and outcomes. These case studies, specifically those from Spain, shed
light on how various institutions and initiatives have harnessed ICT tools and resources to
support language education among the elderly.
Successful Implementation of ICT in Elderly Language Learning:
Case studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of integrating ICT tools and resources
into language education for elderly individuals. Some notable examples include:
1. Virtual Language Classes: Several language schools and community organizations
in Spain have successfully transitioned to virtual language classes using
videoconferencing tools like Zoom or Microsoft Teams. These platforms have
enabled elderly learners to participate in live language classes, interact with
instructors and peers, and engage in real-time conversations, all from the safety and
comfort of their homes.
2. Online Language Learning Platforms: Organizations have integrated online
language learning platforms that offer structured courses for elderly learners. These
platforms incorporate user-friendly interfaces, interactive lessons, and self-paced
learning options. Elderly individuals can access these resources at their
convenience, helping them engage with language learning in a flexible manner.
3. Tailored Content: Some case studies have highlighted the importance of tailoring
language learning content to the specific needs and interests of elderly learners.
This includes creating resources that focus on practical language skills needed for
daily communication, such as shopping, healthcare, and social interactions.
4. Digital Literacy Training: In certain cases, successful implementation has involved
providing elderly learners with digital literacy training alongside language
education. This approach ensures that they are not only proficient in the target
language but also in the use of the necessary digital tools and resources.
Real-Life Examples from Spain:
Real-life examples from Spain illustrate how local institutions, language schools, and
community centers have embraced ICT to facilitate language learning among the elderly:
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1. Duolingo: Duolingo offers courses in numerous languages, making it a versatile
choice for seniors across Europe looking to learn languages like English, French,
German, and more. Its user-friendly interface and gamified approach make
it accessible.
2. Babbel: Babbel provides language courses in various European and world
languages. Seniors in Europe can use it to learn languages like English, French,
Italian, and many others, with a focus on practical communication.
3. Rosetta Stone: Rosetta Stone offers comprehensive language learning courses for
multiple languages. It uses an immersive method to teach pronunciation and
conversational skills, which can be valuable for older learners.
4. BBC Languages: The BBC Languages website offers free language courses in
languages other than English. Seniors across Europe can explore courses in French,
German, Spanish, and more, complete with interactive exercises and multimedia
resources.
5. Tandem: Tandem is a platform for seniors in Europe to practice conversational
skills in various languages. It connects users with native speakers for language
exchange, facilitating cultural and linguistic interactions.
6. Online Language Exchange Groups: Platforms like Meetup and
conversationexchange.com are used by language enthusiasts and seniors across
Europe to find language exchange groups and partners for practicing different
languages.
7. Language Learning Apps: Popular language learning apps like Memrise, FluentU,
and Drops offer courses in multiple languages. Seniors in Europe can explore these
apps to study various languages, including European languages like German,
Dutch, and Portuguese.
8. Local Language Classes: Many European community centers and language schools
offer language classes for seniors in languages such as English, French, or German.
These classes may also incorporate digital resources for language learning.
9. Community Language Clubs: Seniors can join local language clubs or online
forums focused on specific languages, providing opportunities for language
practice and cultural exchange across Europe.
10. YouTube Language Learning Channels: YouTube hosts various language learning
channels catering to different languages. For example, ‘Easy Languages’ offers
video lessons for various European languages, making it accessible and engaging
for older learners.
These examples offer specific tools and resources that elderly individuals in Europe, and
specially in Spain, can use to learn languages other than their native language. Whether
they are interested in European languages or languages from other parts of the world, these
digital resources facilitate lifelong language learning and cultural exploration.
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The case of Poland
In today's world, the ability to speak English is becoming increasingly important not only
for young people but also for seniors. It allows them to communicate with other people,
access global knowledge and culture, and keep their minds active. For seniors, there are
many online English learning tools available, both free and paid, to help achieve this goal.
There are a number of online English language learning tools available for both beginners
and advanced learners. Here are some popular Polish online English learning tools:
● eTutor.co.uk: eTutor is a popular educational platform offering online English
courses. It provides a variety of interactive lessons, exercises, and tests to help you
learn English at different levels.
● English Online: is a website offering free lessons and resources for learning
English.
It has a variety of exercises, audio recordings, and articles.
● Duolingo Polish: The popular mobile app Duolingo is also available in a Polish-
language version. It offers English lessons in the form of games and fun.
● LinguaLeo: is an online English language learning platform with access in Polish.
It features interactive lessons, dictionaries, and the ability to learn by reading texts.
● English in a Pill: The Blog and website offer free English lessons, audiovisual
material, and educational articles.
● BBC English Learning (Polish version): offers educational material in Polish,
making it easy to access valuable English learning resources.
● Busuu: is a social language learning platform that provides courses in multiple
languages, including English, with access to Polish.
● Rosetta Stone (Polish version): Rosetta Stone offers paid English courses, but
versions of the interface in Polish are also available.
● English in Emigration: The website provides useful educational material and
guidance for English learners in an expat context.
● English Club Poland: This is the Polish version of the English Club website, which
offers free lessons, exercises, and tools for learning English.
The choice of English language learning tools depends on individual preferences and
needs. Some of these platforms offer free resources, while others require fees to access
advanced features. It is also advised to practice the language on a regular basis and use a
variety of resources to increase the effectiveness of your learning.
Here are five good and up-to-date free online English learning sites that offer a variety of
materials tailored to contemporary events:
● BBC Learning English: It is a reputable website offering educational material in
English. Seniors can find videos, texts, and podcasts that are tailored to different
levels of expertise. The site includes sections on grammar, business English and
interactive language games and activities.
● Learning English / Cambridge English: The site offers a rich collection of various
online exercises to learn English at different levels, from A1 to C2. The exercises
address different language skills such as listening, reading, writing and speaking.
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● VOA Learning English: VOA Learning English is a source of articles and videos
focused on learning American English. The materials are available at three different
levels: basic, intermediate, and advanced.
● TED Talks: Although it is not a website solely dedicated to learning English, the
TED Talks platform offers thousands of inspiring speeches on a variety of topics.
Valuable for advanced learners, speeches can be viewed with or without subtitles.
● Anglophenia (YouTube channel): Anglophenia is a YouTube channel that explores
the English language and British and American culture. Seniors can find dozens of
recordings on English language and cultural trivia.
These websites and platforms offer a variety of materials that can help seniors to learn
English online, regardless of their level. These platforms also allow tailoring learning to
their own preferences and topics of interest.
Free online tools for learning English:
Advantages:
● Free availability: Free tools are available to everyone, a huge plus for seniors with
limited financial resources.
● Wide access to materials: Many free platforms offer a range of lessons, exercises
and learning materials, giving seniors plenty of opportunities to learn.
● Self-reliance: Seniors can learn at their own pace and on their own schedule without
being constrained by deadlines or costs.
Disadvantages:
● Lack of personalized support: Lack of interaction with the teacher can make it
difficult for seniors to solve problems or get answers to questions.
● Less motivation: Lack of financial commitments can make some seniors treat
learning more superficially and lose motivation.
● Lack of official certificates: Without paying for courses, seniors may not obtain
official certificates to prove their skills, which may be needed in some situations.
Paid online tools for learning English:
Advantages:
● Access to professional teachers: Paid tools often offer the opportunity to learn with
experienced teachers, which provides personalized help and support.
● Structure and timetable: Paid platforms often offer a clear learning program, which
helps seniors to maintain regularity and progress.
● Certificates and accreditations: Paid courses often award official certificates that
can be useful in the labour market or in the emigration process.
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Disadvantages:
● Costs: Paid tools require payment, which can be a financial burden, especially for
seniors on a fixed pension or disability income.
● Less time flexibility: Seniors may have to adjust to course schedules, which can be
difficult with permanent classes or other commitments.
● Dependence on the Internet and technology: Paid tools require Internet access and
computer skills, which can be problematic for some seniors.
In conclusion, both free and paid online English language learning tools have their
advantages and disadvantages. The choice depends on preferences, financial availability,
and the individual needs of seniors. It is important to choose the tool that best suits personal
learning goals and abilities.
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Selection and validation of tools and resources
Elene consortium has tested several English language tools and resources available on the
Internet. These tools and resources served as a base for developing tools and resources for
the Elders learning English for Europe ERASMUS+ nr. 2021-1-PL01-KA220-ADU-
000033465 project [ELENE project] Coordinated by Instytut Badań i Innowacji
w Edukacji [Poland] in collaboration with Asociacion de nnovacion emprendimiento
y tecnologias de la informacion y la comunicacion [Spain]; Glandrive, unipessoal lda
[Portugal]; Ljudska univerza, zavod za izobrazevanje in kulturo, rogaska slatina [Slovenia]
and Saricam Halk Egitimi Merkezi [Türkiye].
The different tools were analysed, taking into account the objective of the project and target
group needs:
● To improve and expand the offer of high-quality learning opportunities adapted to
the needs of older people to improve their multilingual skills (English language
learning) and digital skills.
● To expand and develop the skills of trainers and other staff that support older
people, especially to motivate them to participate in foreign language learning and
effective teaching.
The target group can be summarized:
● Teachers/staff who support the teaching of foreign languages to the elderly.
● Elderly people with an interest in learning languages and having a low level of
knowledge of English.
The most popular tools and resources can be divided into two groups:
a. Free online English language learning tools for seniors:
Duolingo: Duolingo is a popular educational platform that offers language courses in the
form of games and fun. It is user-friendly for all ages and offers free access to basic English
courses.
BBC Learning English: BBC Learning English website offers numerous educational
resources such as videos, articles, and exercises to help you learn English. It is an excellent
source of information and practice for seniors.
YouTube: Videos on the YouTube platform can be an excellent source of learning. There
are many channels that offer English lessons for seniors, both in the form of lessons and
educational material.
Memrise: Memrise is a platform based on learning through repetition. It offers language
courses in a variety of areas that can be adapted to the needs of seniors.
b. Paid online English language learning tools for seniors:
Rosetta Stone: Rosetta Stone is a well-known learning platform that offers English courses
in the form of interactive lessons. Although it is paid, it provides advanced learning tools.
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Babbel: Babbel is a platform that focuses on practical language skills. It offers lessons
tailored to different levels and is available for a fee.
italki: italki is an online language learning platform that allows seniors to learn with real
teachers. It is a paid option but guarantees interactive learning.
Cambridge English Online: Cambridge University Press offers fee-based online courses
for seniors that prepare them for English examinations. These are more advanced courses,
ideal for those who want to gain a certificate.
It is worth noting that the choice between free and paid tools depends on seniors' individual
preferences and financial capabilities.
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Conclusion
The tools and resources developed by the ELENE consortium are innovative and are the
effect of several months of testing and research. We decided to develop:
● Webpage of the project
● A friendly e-learning platform for elderly people learning English as
a foreign language
● Study material (textbook) for learners (Elders)
● Methodology manual for trainers
● Downloadable short videos which are available on the ELENE YouTube channel
● Elene App which is available in Google Play Store
The e-learning platform serves as a means of support for learning the language and
checking older people to verify what they do in regular (face-to-face) classes. Therefore, it
complements their non-formal education activities.
All tools can be used online and offline, free available, and downloadable.
The textbooks have been divided into units that can be downloaded to laptops and
computers to be able to use the full interactive PDF versions.
The units to be developed in the interactive PDFs were discussed in small groups using
brainstorm techniques. The topics focused on everyday situations that elderly people have
to deal with. The main objective of the chosen topics is to develop the communication skills
of the elders (without depending too much on grammar). It covers situations such as
introducing oneself, in a café, shopping, asking for directions, at the airport/station, at the
doctor, in a hotel, at a bank, my hobbies and free time and so on.
The e-learning platform includes pictures and links to videos developed by the coordinator
and uploaded to the ELENE YouTube Channel.
The App developed by INBIE experts is available on Google Play Store. In addition to the
sample situations, the App includes phrases, vocabulary, and some more common English
language practice exercises.
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